100+ datasets found
  1. Largest urban agglomerations in the UK in 2025

    • statista.com
    Updated Nov 28, 2025
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    Statista (2025). Largest urban agglomerations in the UK in 2025 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/294645/population-of-selected-cities-in-united-kingdom-uk/
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    Dataset updated
    Nov 28, 2025
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Time period covered
    2019
    Area covered
    United Kingdom
    Description

    London was by far the largest urban agglomeration in the United Kingdom in 2025, with an estimated population of *** million people, more than three times as large as Manchester, the UK’s second-biggest urban agglomeration. The agglomerations of Birmingham and Leeds / Bradford had the third and fourth-largest populations, respectively, while the biggest city in Scotland, Glasgow, was the fifth largest. Largest cities in Europe Two cities in Europe had larger urban areas than London, with Istanbul having a population of around **** million and the Russian capital Moscow having a population of over **** million. The city of Paris, located just over 200 miles away from London, was the second-largest city in Europe, with a population of more than **** million people. Paris was followed by London in terms of population size, and then by the Spanish cities of Madrid and Barcelona, at *** million and *** million people, respectively. The Italian capital, Rome, was the next largest city at *** million, followed by Berlin at *** million. London’s population growth Throughout the 1980s, the population of London fluctuated from a high of **** million people in 1981 to a low of **** million inhabitants in 1988. During the 1990s, the population of London increased once again, growing from ****million at the start of the decade to **** million by 1999. London's population has continued to grow since the turn of the century, and despite declining between 2019 and 2021, it reached *** million people in 2023 and is forecast to reach almost *** million by 2047.

  2. Largest cities in the United Kingdom 2021

    • statista.com
    Updated Apr 25, 2014
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    Statista (2014). Largest cities in the United Kingdom 2021 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/275359/largest-cities-in-the-united-kingdom/
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    Dataset updated
    Apr 25, 2014
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Time period covered
    Mar 21, 2021
    Area covered
    Great Britain, United Kingdom
    Description

    This statistic shows the ten largest cities in the United Kingdom in 2021. In 2021, around 8.78 million people lived in London, making it the largest city in the United Kingdom.

  3. Major Towns and Cities - Dataset - data.gov.uk

    • ckan.publishing.service.gov.uk
    Updated Feb 18, 2019
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    ckan.publishing.service.gov.uk (2019). Major Towns and Cities - Dataset - data.gov.uk [Dataset]. https://ckan.publishing.service.gov.uk/dataset/major-towns-and-cities1
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    Dataset updated
    Feb 18, 2019
    Dataset provided by
    CKANhttps://ckan.org/
    Description

    Digital vector boundaries for Major Towns and Cities in England and Wales in 2015. The Major Towns and Cities (TCITY) statistical geography provides a precise definition of the major towns and cities in England and Wales. The geography has been developed specifically for the production and analysis of statistics, and is based on the Built-Up Areas geography that was created for the release of 2011 Census data. 112 TCITY More ONS 2011 Boundaries can be found here http://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/ All these products are supplied under the Open Government Licence and Ordnance Survey Open Data terms and conditions. Contains both Ordnance Survey and ONS Intellectual Property Rights.

  4. Rail passenger numbers and crowding on weekdays in major cities in England...

    • gov.uk
    Updated Sep 24, 2020
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    Department for Transport (2020). Rail passenger numbers and crowding on weekdays in major cities in England and Wales: 2019 [Dataset]. https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/rail-passenger-numbers-and-crowding-on-weekdays-in-major-cities-in-england-and-wales-2019
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    Dataset updated
    Sep 24, 2020
    Dataset provided by
    GOV.UKhttp://gov.uk/
    Authors
    Department for Transport
    Area covered
    Wales, England
    Description

    In 2019, passenger arrivals have increased in most major cities. This is in line with the growth in rail journeys seen in recent years.

    London remains the city with the highest rail passenger numbers with 8 times more passengers across the day than Birmingham, the city with the second highest.

    During peak hours, nearly 233,000 passengers were standing on trains in London. However, morning peak crowding in London is the lowest since 2014.

    In other cities, the number of standing passengers was much lower. After London the next highest was Birmingham with 16,800 standing. However, the percentage of passengers standing has grown across six major cities.

    Using the PiXC measure, Cardiff had the highest peak crowding level of 3.7% with 1200 passengers over train capacity.

    Background information on the rail passenger numbers and crowding statistics and how they are collected can be found in the notes and definitions.

    Contact us

    Rail statistics enquiries

    Email mailto:rail.stats@dft.gov.uk">rail.stats@dft.gov.uk

    Media enquiries 0300 7777 878

  5. g

    Major Towns and Cities

    • gimi9.com
    • data.europa.eu
    • +1more
    Updated Aug 21, 2019
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    (2019). Major Towns and Cities [Dataset]. https://gimi9.com/dataset/uk_major-towns-and-cities1/
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    Dataset updated
    Aug 21, 2019
    Description

    🇬🇧 영국 English Digital vector boundaries for Major Towns and Cities in England and Wales in 2015. The Major Towns and Cities (TCITY) statistical geography provides a precise definition of the major towns and cities in England and Wales. The geography has been developed specifically for the production and analysis of statistics, and is based on the Built-Up Areas geography that was created for the release of 2011 Census data. 112 TCITY More ONS 2011 Boundaries can be found here http://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/ All these products are supplied under the Open Government Licence and Ordnance Survey Open Data terms and conditions. Contains both Ordnance Survey and ONS Intellectual Property Rights.

  6. Major Towns and Cities (December 2015) Names and Codes in EW - Dataset -...

    • ckan.publishing.service.gov.uk
    Updated Sep 20, 2023
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    ckan.publishing.service.gov.uk (2023). Major Towns and Cities (December 2015) Names and Codes in EW - Dataset - data.gov.uk [Dataset]. https://ckan.publishing.service.gov.uk/dataset/major-towns-and-cities-december-2015-names-and-codes-in-ew
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    Dataset updated
    Sep 20, 2023
    Dataset provided by
    CKANhttps://ckan.org/
    Description

    This file contains names and codes for Major Towns and Cities (TCITY) in England and Wales as at December 2015. (File size - 16KB). The TCITY statistical geography provides a precise definition of the major towns and cities in England and Wales. The geography has been developed specifically for the production and analysis of statistics, and is based on the Built-Up Areas geography that was created for the release of 2011 Census data. Field Names - TCITYCD, TCITYNM, FID Field Types - Text, Text, Number Field Lengths - 9, 20 FID = The FID, or Feature ID is created by the publication process when the names and codes / lookup products are published to the Open Geography portal. REST URL of Feature Access Service – https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/Major_Towns_and_Cities_Dec_2015_Names_and_Codes_in_England_and_Wales_2022/FeatureServer

  7. Understanding towns in England and Wales: population and demography

    • ons.gov.uk
    • cy.ons.gov.uk
    xlsx
    Updated Feb 24, 2021
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    Office for National Statistics (2021). Understanding towns in England and Wales: population and demography [Dataset]. https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/datasets/understandingtownsinenglandandwalespopulationanddemography
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    xlsxAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Feb 24, 2021
    Dataset provided by
    Office for National Statisticshttp://www.ons.gov.uk/
    License

    Open Government Licence 3.0http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/
    License information was derived automatically

    Description

    Towns in England and Wales: towns list, cities list, classification and population data.

  8. Major Towns and Cities - a new statistical geography A story map on how and...

    • ckan.publishing.service.gov.uk
    Updated Sep 20, 2023
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    ckan.publishing.service.gov.uk (2023). Major Towns and Cities - a new statistical geography A story map on how and why the boundaries were made, and a guide to their use for statistics - Dataset - data.gov.uk [Dataset]. https://ckan.publishing.service.gov.uk/dataset/major-towns-and-cities-a-new-statistical-geographya-story-map-onhow-and-why-the-boundarieswerem1
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    Dataset updated
    Sep 20, 2023
    Dataset provided by
    CKANhttps://ckan.org/
    Description

    A story map on how and why the boundaries were made, and a guide to their use for statistics

  9. Major Towns and Cities (December 2015) Boundaries EW BGG (V2) - Dataset -...

    • ckan.publishing.service.gov.uk
    Updated Sep 20, 2023
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    ckan.publishing.service.gov.uk (2023). Major Towns and Cities (December 2015) Boundaries EW BGG (V2) - Dataset - data.gov.uk [Dataset]. https://ckan.publishing.service.gov.uk/dataset/major-towns-and-cities-december-2015-boundaries-ew-bgg-v21
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    Dataset updated
    Sep 20, 2023
    Dataset provided by
    CKANhttps://ckan.org/
    Description

    This file contains the digital vector boundaries for the Major Towns and Cities in England and Wales, as at December 2015. Version 2 includes centroid data in the attributes table.The boundaries available are: (BGG) Generalised Grid (50m) - clipped to the coastline (Mean High Water mark).Contains both Ordnance Survey and ONS Intellectual Property Rights.REST URL of ArcGIS for INSPIRE View Service – https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/Major_Towns_and_Cities_(Dec_2015)_Boundaries_V2/MapServerREST URL of ArcGIS for INSPIRE Feature DownloadService – https://dservices1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/services/Major_Towns_and_Cities_Dec_2015_Boundaries_V2/WFSServer?service=wfs&request=getcapabilitiesREST URL of Feature Access Service – https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/Major_Towns_and_Cities_Dec_2015_Boundaries_V2_2022/FeatureServer

  10. Major Towns and Cities - Methodological Note and User Guidance

    • geoportal.statistics.gov.uk
    Updated Aug 10, 2016
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    Office for National Statistics (2016). Major Towns and Cities - Methodological Note and User Guidance [Dataset]. https://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/documents/ons::major-towns-and-cities-methodological-note-and-user-guidance-1/about
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    Dataset updated
    Aug 10, 2016
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Office for National Statisticshttp://www.ons.gov.uk/
    License

    https://www.ons.gov.uk/methodology/geography/licenceshttps://www.ons.gov.uk/methodology/geography/licences

    Area covered
    Description

    The document provides a methodological note and user guidance for the ONS Major Towns and Cities. (File Size - 2 MB)

  11. Estimates of the population for the UK, England, Wales, Scotland, and...

    • ons.gov.uk
    • cy.ons.gov.uk
    xlsx
    Updated Sep 26, 2025
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    Office for National Statistics (2025). Estimates of the population for the UK, England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland [Dataset]. https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/datasets/populationestimatesforukenglandandwalesscotlandandnorthernireland
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    xlsxAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Sep 26, 2025
    Dataset provided by
    Office for National Statisticshttp://www.ons.gov.uk/
    License

    Open Government Licence 3.0http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/
    License information was derived automatically

    Area covered
    Ireland, United Kingdom, England
    Description

    National and subnational mid-year population estimates for the UK and its constituent countries by administrative area, age and sex (including components of population change, median age and population density).

  12. UK cities with the highest popularity ratings Q4 2024

    • statista.com
    Updated Feb 15, 2025
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    Statista (2025). UK cities with the highest popularity ratings Q4 2024 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/898803/most-popular-british-cities/
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    Dataset updated
    Feb 15, 2025
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Area covered
    United Kingdom
    Description

    When surveyed in the fourth quarter of 2024, it was found that York was the most popular city in the United Kingdom among residents of the UK. In total, 76 percent of the UK public had a popular opinion of the city, which is famed for its historical architecture.

  13. Crime rate in major cities in England 2015-2025

    • statista.com
    Updated Aug 4, 2025
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    Statista (2025). Crime rate in major cities in England 2015-2025 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1317405/crime-rate-of-cities-in-england/
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    Dataset updated
    Aug 4, 2025
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Time period covered
    Apr 1, 2015 - Mar 31, 2024
    Area covered
    England
    Description

    In the 2024/25 reporting year, West Yorkshire Police reported a crime rate of 114.5 crimes per 1,000 population, the highest crime rate among the provided police force areas whose territories include large cities. Greater Manchester Police reported a crime rate of 108.2 crimes per 1,000 population and had the second-highest crime rate during this year.

  14. Output Area (2011) to Major Towns and Cities (December 2015) Best Fit Lookup...

    • ckan.publishing.service.gov.uk
    Updated Sep 19, 2024
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    ckan.publishing.service.gov.uk (2024). Output Area (2011) to Major Towns and Cities (December 2015) Best Fit Lookup in EW - Dataset - data.gov.uk [Dataset]. https://ckan.publishing.service.gov.uk/dataset/output-area-2011-to-major-towns-and-cities-december-2015-best-fit-lookup-in-ew
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    Dataset updated
    Sep 19, 2024
    Dataset provided by
    CKANhttps://ckan.org/
    Description

    A best fit lookup between 2011 Output Areas (OA) and Major Towns and Cities (TCITY) as at December 2015 in England and Wales. The TCITY statistical geography provides a precise definition of the major towns and cities in England and Wales. The geography has been developed specifically for the production and analysis of statistics, and is based on the Built-Up Areas geography that was created for the release of 2011 Census data. (File Size - 4 MB). REST URL of Feature Access Service – https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/OA11_TCITY15_EW_LU_65267a69bf06490d81a4ee1458747f48/FeatureServer For more information and an overview of best-fitting follow this link - https://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/datasets/f0aac7ccbfd04cda9eb03e353c613faa/about

  15. Largest cities in western Europe 1800

    • statista.com
    Updated Mar 1, 1992
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    Statista (1992). Largest cities in western Europe 1800 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1022001/thirty-largest-cities-western-europe-1800/
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    Dataset updated
    Mar 1, 1992
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Time period covered
    1800
    Area covered
    Europe
    Description

    By 1800, London had grown to be the largest city in Western Europe with just under one million inhabitants. Paris was now the second largest city, with over half a million people, and Naples was the third largest city with 450 thousand people. The only other cities with over two hundred thousand inhabitants at this time were Vienna, Amsterdam and Dublin. Another noticeable development is the inclusion of many more northern cities from a wider variety of countries. The dominance of cities from France and Mediterranean countries was no longer the case, and the dispersal of European populations in 1800 was much closer to how it is today, more than two centuries later.

  16. Rail passenger numbers and crowding on weekdays in major cities in England...

    • gov.uk
    Updated Jul 24, 2019
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    Department for Transport (2019). Rail passenger numbers and crowding on weekdays in major cities in England and Wales: 2018 [Dataset]. https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/rail-passenger-numbers-and-crowding-on-weekdays-in-major-cities-in-england-and-wales-2018
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    Dataset updated
    Jul 24, 2019
    Dataset provided by
    GOV.UKhttp://gov.uk/
    Authors
    Department for Transport
    Area covered
    Wales, England
    Description

    In 2018, passenger arrivals have increased in most major cities. This is in line with the growth in rail journeys seen in recent years.

    • London remains the city with the highest rail passenger numbers with 8 times more passengers across the day than Birmingham, the city with the second highest.

    • During peak hours, more than 230,000 passengers were standing on trains in London. However, morning peak crowding in London is the lowest since 2014.

    • In other cities, the number of standing passengers was much lower. After London, the next highest was Birmingham with 17,300 standing. However, the percentage of passengers standing has grown across seven major cities.

    • Using the PiXC measure, Cambridge had the highest crowding level of 4.8% with 800 passengers over train capacity.

    Background information on the rail passenger numbers and crowding statistics and how they are collected can be found in the notes and definitions.

    Rail statistics enquiries

    Email mailto:rail.stats@dft.gov.uk">rail.stats@dft.gov.uk

    Media enquiries 0300 7777 878

  17. a

    Workplace Zone (2011) to Major Towns and Cities (December 2015) Best Fit...

    • open-geography-portalx-ons.hub.arcgis.com
    • geoportal.statistics.gov.uk
    • +1more
    Updated Dec 13, 2017
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    Office for National Statistics (2017). Workplace Zone (2011) to Major Towns and Cities (December 2015) Best Fit Lookup in EW [Dataset]. https://open-geography-portalx-ons.hub.arcgis.com/datasets/ons::workplace-zone-2011-to-major-towns-and-cities-december-2015-best-fit-lookup-in-ew
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    Dataset updated
    Dec 13, 2017
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Office for National Statistics
    License

    https://www.ons.gov.uk/methodology/geography/licenceshttps://www.ons.gov.uk/methodology/geography/licences

    Area covered
    Description

    A best fit lookup between 2011 Workplace Zones (WZ) and Major Towns and Cities (TCITY) as at December 2015 in England and Wales. The TCITY statistical geography provides a precise definition of the major towns and cities in England and Wales. The geography has been developed specifically for the production and analysis of statistics, and is based on the Built-up Areas geography that was created for the release of 2011 Census data (File Size 1.3MB).REST URL of Feature Access Service – https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/WZ11_TCITY15_EW_LU_a7a1a2f6feb24aac800596276d82f5ad/FeatureServer

    For more information and an overview of best-fitting follow this link - https://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/datasets/f0aac7ccbfd04cda9eb03e353c613faa/about

  18. Rail passenger numbers and crowding on weekdays in major cities in England...

    • gov.uk
    Updated Feb 9, 2017
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    Department for Transport (2017). Rail passenger numbers and crowding on weekdays in major cities in England and Wales: 2015 (revised) [Dataset]. https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/rail-passenger-numbers-and-crowding-on-weekdays-in-major-cities-in-england-and-wales-2015
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    Dataset updated
    Feb 9, 2017
    Dataset provided by
    GOV.UKhttp://gov.uk/
    Authors
    Department for Transport
    Area covered
    Wales, England
    Description

    Revision of 2015 Rail passenger numbers and crowding publication

    Following a change of methodology minor revisions have been made to the back-series of PiXC statistics from 2011 to 2014. The change has not affected PiXC percentages in 2015, but there have been revisions to the publication to some year-on-year percentage point changes.

    Statistics on rail passenger numbers on trains throughout the day in several major cities, as well as the levels of peak crowding in 2015.

    These statistics are based on passenger counts carried out by franchised train operators of the numbers of passengers using their services in the autumn period and represent passenger numbers on a ‘typical weekday’. They cover National Rail services only.

    The overall level of crowding across the 11 cities included in the statistics has increased, and it is clear that much of the growth has been on routes that are already very busy.

    On a typical autumn weekday in 2015:

    • there were 581,400 passengers arriving into London during the morning peak, an increase of 3.2% since 2014.
    • crowding levels at major cities, as measured by the PiXC statistic, rose by 0.4 percentage points in the morning peak to 5.0% PiXC, and 0.2 percentage points in the afternoon peak to 2.4% PiXC
    • morning peak PiXC was greatest at London, at 5.8% PiXC, followed by Manchester with 3.7% PiXC and Birmingham with 2.4% PiXC
    • London Blackfriars (via Elephant and Castle) had the largest increase in morning peak PiXC between 2014 and 2015 of all major London stations, and in 2015 had the highest crowding level of all major London stations, at 14.7% PiXC

    Background information on the rail passenger numbers and crowding statistics and how they are collected can be found in the notes and definitions.

    Contact us

    Rail statistics enquiries

    Email mailto:rail.stats@dft.gov.uk">rail.stats@dft.gov.uk

    Media enquiries 0300 7777 878

  19. Green space in major cities in the United Kingdom (UK) 2016

    • statista.com
    Updated Jan 15, 2017
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    Statista (2017). Green space in major cities in the United Kingdom (UK) 2016 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/891870/green-space-in-major-uk-cities/
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    Dataset updated
    Jan 15, 2017
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Time period covered
    2016
    Area covered
    United Kingdom
    Description

    This statistic shows the percentage of green space in major cities in the United Kingdom in 2016. The major Scottish cities of Edinburgh and Glasgow have the highest percentage of green space, with **** and ** percent respectively.

  20. Transport use during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and developing...

    • s3.amazonaws.com
    Updated Nov 10, 2021
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    Department for Transport (2021). Transport use during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and developing faster indicators of transport activity [Dataset]. https://s3.amazonaws.com/thegovernmentsays-files/content/176/1765494.html
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    Dataset updated
    Nov 10, 2021
    Dataset provided by
    GOV.UKhttp://gov.uk/
    Authors
    Department for Transport
    Description

    These statistics on transport use are published weekly.

    For each day, the Department for Transport produces statistics on domestic transport:

    1. road traffic in Great Britain
    2. rail passenger journeys in Great Britain
    3. Transport for London (TfL) tube and bus routes
    4. bus travel in Great Britain (excluding London)
    5. cycling in England

    The full time series for these statistics, starting 1 March 2020, is usually published here every Wednesday at 9.30am.

    The associated methodology notes set out information on the data sources and methodology used to generate these headline measures.

    For the charts previously published alongside daily coronavirus press conferences, please see the slides and datasets to accompany coronavirus press conferences.

    ModePublication and linkLatest period covered and next publication
    Road trafficRoad traffic statisticsQuarterly data up to September 2020 was published December 2020.

    Full annual data up to December 2020 will be published on 28 April 2021.

    Statistics for the first quarter of 2021 are expected in June 2021.
    Rail usageThe Office of Rail and Road (ORR) publishes a range of statistics including passenger and freight rail performance and usage. Statistics are available at the https://www.orr.gov.uk/published-statistics" class="govuk-link">ORR website



    Statistics for rail passenger numbers and crowding on weekdays in major cities in England and Wales are published by DfT
    ORR’s quarterly rail usage statistics for 2020 to 2021 were published on 11 March 2021.

    Quarterly data up to March 2021 and annual data for 2020 to 2021 will be published on 3 June 2021.

    DfT’s most recent annual passenger numbers and crowding statistics for 2019 were published on 24 September 2020. Statistics for 2020 will be released in summer 2021.
    Bus usageBus statisticsThe most recent annual publication covered the year ending March 2020.

    The data for the year ending March 2021 is due to be published in October 2021.

    The most recent quarterly publication covered October to December 2020. The data for January to March 2021 is due to be published in June 2021.
    TFL tube and bus usageData on buses is covered by the section above. https://tfl.gov.uk/status-updates/busiest-times-to-travel" class="govuk-link">Station level business data is available.
    Cycling usageWalking and cycling statistics, England2019 calendar year

    2020 calendar year data is due to be published in August 2021
    Cross Modal and journey by purposeNational Travel Survey2019 calendar year

    2020 calendar year data is due to be published in August 2021
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Statista (2025). Largest urban agglomerations in the UK in 2025 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/294645/population-of-selected-cities-in-united-kingdom-uk/
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Largest urban agglomerations in the UK in 2025

Explore at:
10 scholarly articles cite this dataset (View in Google Scholar)
Dataset updated
Nov 28, 2025
Dataset authored and provided by
Statistahttp://statista.com/
Time period covered
2019
Area covered
United Kingdom
Description

London was by far the largest urban agglomeration in the United Kingdom in 2025, with an estimated population of *** million people, more than three times as large as Manchester, the UK’s second-biggest urban agglomeration. The agglomerations of Birmingham and Leeds / Bradford had the third and fourth-largest populations, respectively, while the biggest city in Scotland, Glasgow, was the fifth largest. Largest cities in Europe Two cities in Europe had larger urban areas than London, with Istanbul having a population of around **** million and the Russian capital Moscow having a population of over **** million. The city of Paris, located just over 200 miles away from London, was the second-largest city in Europe, with a population of more than **** million people. Paris was followed by London in terms of population size, and then by the Spanish cities of Madrid and Barcelona, at *** million and *** million people, respectively. The Italian capital, Rome, was the next largest city at *** million, followed by Berlin at *** million. London’s population growth Throughout the 1980s, the population of London fluctuated from a high of **** million people in 1981 to a low of **** million inhabitants in 1988. During the 1990s, the population of London increased once again, growing from ****million at the start of the decade to **** million by 1999. London's population has continued to grow since the turn of the century, and despite declining between 2019 and 2021, it reached *** million people in 2023 and is forecast to reach almost *** million by 2047.

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