As of September 2024, New York ranked as the world's most attractive financial center, earning a score of *** on a comprehensive financial center rating index that considers multiple factors. London followed closely in second place with a rating of ***. What are financial centers? A financial center is a city or region that serves as a strategic hub for the financial industry, bringing together banks, trading firms, stock exchanges, and other financial institutions. These hubs are typically distinguished by strong infrastructure, a stable regulatory and political environment, favorable taxation policies, and ample opportunities for business and trade growth. According to a 2024 survey of financial services professionals, the key factors influencing a financial center's competitiveness were the business environment, human capital, and infrastructure. Financial centers by region According to the Global Financial Centers Index, the most attractive financial hubs in North America are New York, San Francisco, and Chicago. In Latin America and the Caribbean, Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, and Sao Paulo received the highest scores. When financial sector professionals were asked which financial centers were likely to become more significant in the next years, they pointed to Seoul, Singapore, Dubai.

London was the most attractive financial center in Western Europe as of March 2024. According to five broad areas of competitiveness that the ranking was built on (business environment, human capital, infrastructure, financial sector development, and reputation), London received 747 points. Geneva ranked second, with a rating of 738. According to the Global Power City Index (GPCI), London was also the most attractive city worldwide for its economy, research and development, cultural interaction, livability, environment, and accessibility. Financial employment in the UK In 2022, the value added in the finance and insurance services sector in the United Kingdom as a percentage of total GDP was one of the largest in Europe. However, total employment in the financial services sector overall decreased since 2008. The mean weekly wage of full-time employees in the financial and insurance sector also dropped and never recovered from a sharp decrease in 2018. Largest European financial institutions In 2022, HSBC topped the list of the largest European banks in terms of total assets. With more than 2.86 trillion euros, the UK-based giant ranked before BNP Paribas, the largest banking institution in France. In the same year, HSBC also performed better than any other European bank in terms of pre-tax profit.

According to a survey conducted in 2024, the business environment was identified as the most important factor for the competitiveness of global financial centers. Respondents were asked to rank the factors they considered most crucial for a financial center's competitiveness. The business environment received *** mentions, making it the top factor, followed closely by human capital, with *** mentions.

In 2024, Dubai was the most attractive financial center in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region with a Global Financial Centres Index score of *** points. The private institute Z/Yen has constructed an index for financial center rating, in which a multitude of factors are integrated. Important areas of competitiveness are, among others, business environment, human capital, taxation, and infrastructure. Finance industry in MENA The financial technology (FinTech) industry in the MENA region has been booming recently, especially with the increased smartphone and internet penetration rates. Fintech helps businesses by allowing them to manage their financial operations efficiently using specialized software. The acceleration of fintech adoption can be attributed to the large share of the young population who were adapting to change and high rates of new technology adoption. Fintech had the highest share of startup deals in the region at ** percent in 2020 compared to other industries. The number of fintech companies in the Middle East region was forecast to reach *** firms by 2022, though this value will likely be exceeded. Fintech in the UAE The United Arab Emirates (UAE) was a leader in adopting fintech technology in the MENA region. The number of fintech startups in the UAE was *** in 2020. There were ** Islamic fintech firms in the country in the same year. The free zones ADGM and DIFC in the emirates of Abu Dhabi and Dubai respectively were proactively embracing fintech. The country’s regulatory authority boosted the blockchain sector in 2020 and 2021. Local authorities implemented regulatory laws and legalized the crypto-asset activities. The Dubai Financial Services Authority announced a crypto framework, while the Securities and Commodities Authority legitimized crypto-asset activities and introduced a crypto framework.

Gibraltar GI: Portfolio Investment Assets: World Minus 25 Significant Financial Centers data was reported at 673.684 USD mn in Dec 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 429.467 USD mn for Jun 2020. Gibraltar GI: Portfolio Investment Assets: World Minus 25 Significant Financial Centers data is updated semiannually, averaging 673.684 USD mn from Dec 2013 (Median) to Dec 2020, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.173 USD bn in Jun 2018 and a record low of 99.134 USD mn in Dec 2017. Gibraltar GI: Portfolio Investment Assets: World Minus 25 Significant Financial Centers data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Gibraltar – Table GI.IMF.CPIS: BPM6: Portfolio Investment Assets: by Country: Bi-annual.

Cayman Islands KY: Portfolio Investment Assets: World Minus 25 Significant Financial Centers data was reported at 221.374 USD bn in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 85.619 USD bn for 2022. Cayman Islands KY: Portfolio Investment Assets: World Minus 25 Significant Financial Centers data is updated yearly, averaging 105.683 USD bn from Dec 2013 (Median) to 2023, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 221.374 USD bn in 2023 and a record low of 2.296 USD bn in 2014. Cayman Islands KY: Portfolio Investment Assets: World Minus 25 Significant Financial Centers data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Cayman Islands – Table KY.IMF.CPIS: BPM6: Portfolio Investment Assets: by Country: Annual.

Barbados BB: Portfolio Investment Assets: World Minus 25 Significant Financial Centers data was reported at 1.736 USD bn in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3.374 USD bn for 2014. Barbados BB: Portfolio Investment Assets: World Minus 25 Significant Financial Centers data is updated yearly, averaging 3.374 USD bn from Dec 2013 (Median) to 2015, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.257 USD bn in 2013 and a record low of 1.736 USD bn in 2015. Barbados BB: Portfolio Investment Assets: World Minus 25 Significant Financial Centers data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Barbados – Table BB.IMF.CPIS: BPM6: Portfolio Investment Assets: by Country: Annual.

Astana, the capital of Kazakhstan, was rated the most attractive financial center among the presented cities in Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, and Central Asia in 2024, with a rating of ***. It was followed by Almaty and Tallinn. To compare, Moscow had a Global Financial Centers Index (GFCI) rating of 590. The rating is based on an index incorporating numerous factors, including business environment, human capital, taxation, and infrastructure, among others. The global financial center ranking is led by New York.

Estonia EE: Portfolio Investment Assets: World Minus 25 Significant Financial Centers data was reported at 13.161 USD bn in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 12.554 USD bn for 2022. Estonia EE: Portfolio Investment Assets: World Minus 25 Significant Financial Centers data is updated yearly, averaging 7.730 USD bn from Dec 2013 (Median) to 2023, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13.748 USD bn in 2021 and a record low of 1.559 USD bn in 2015. Estonia EE: Portfolio Investment Assets: World Minus 25 Significant Financial Centers data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.IMF.CPIS: BPM6: Portfolio Investment Assets: by Country: Annual.

New Zealand NZ: Portfolio Investment Assets: World Minus 25 Significant Financial Centers data was reported at 81.620 USD bn in Dec 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 66.180 USD bn for Jun 2020. New Zealand NZ: Portfolio Investment Assets: World Minus 25 Significant Financial Centers data is updated semiannually, averaging 58.983 USD bn from Dec 2013 (Median) to Dec 2020, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 81.620 USD bn in Dec 2020 and a record low of 14.955 USD bn in Dec 2013. New Zealand NZ: Portfolio Investment Assets: World Minus 25 Significant Financial Centers data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Zealand – Table NZ.IMF.CPIS: BPM6: Portfolio Investment Assets: by Country: Bi-annual.

Success.ai’s Company Financial Data for Banking & Capital Markets Professionals in the Middle East offers a reliable and comprehensive dataset designed to connect businesses with key stakeholders in the financial sector. Covering banking executives, capital markets professionals, and financial advisors, this dataset provides verified contact details, decision-maker profiles, and firmographic insights tailored for the Middle Eastern market.

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Seoul was the global financial center likely to become more significant in the next few years, based on a survey conducted in 2024. The respondents of the survey were asked which cities, according to them, would become more important financial centers in the following years. Seoul was mentioned 177 times, which was the highest number of mentions that year. It was followed by Singapore and Dubai, with 70 and 66 mentions, respectively.

Malta MT: Portfolio Investment Assets: World Minus 25 Significant Financial Centers data was reported at 53.203 USD bn in Dec 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 47.415 USD bn for Jun 2020. Malta MT: Portfolio Investment Assets: World Minus 25 Significant Financial Centers data is updated semiannually, averaging 50.501 USD bn from Jun 2013 (Median) to Dec 2020, with 16 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 93.732 USD bn in Jun 2014 and a record low of 1.981 USD bn in Dec 2013. Malta MT: Portfolio Investment Assets: World Minus 25 Significant Financial Centers data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Malta – Table MT.IMF.CPIS: BPM6: Portfolio Investment Assets: by Country: Bi-annual.

The global financial derivatives market is projected to expand at a CAGR of 7.3% during the forecast period (2023-2030), reaching a value of USD 1,059.96 billion by 2030. The market's growth is primarily driven by increasing demand for risk management solutions, rising investment in emerging markets, and the growing popularity of structured products. Moreover, technological advancements, such as the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), are also expected to contribute to market expansion by enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of financial derivative transactions. North America currently dominates the global financial derivatives market, accounting for the largest market share. The region is home to major financial centers such as New York and London, which facilitate a significant volume of derivative trades. However, emerging markets such as China, India, and Brazil are anticipated to witness significant growth in the coming years, driven by increasing economic development and rising demand for risk management instruments. Key players in the market include Goldman Sachs, Deutsche Bank, Citi, J.P. Morgan, and Morgan Stanley, among others.

According to Cognitive Market Research, the global Currency Counting Machines market size is USD XX million in 2024 and will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of XX % from 2025 to 2033

• North America held the major market of more than XX% of the global revenue with a market size of USD XX million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of XX % from 2025 to 2033.

• Europe accounted for a share of over XX% of the global market size of USD XX million.

• Asia Pacific held the market of around XX% of the global revenue with a market size of USD XX million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of XX % from 2025 to 2033.

• Latin America market of more than XX% of the global revenue with a market size of USD XX million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of XX from 2025 to 2033.

• Middle East and Africa held the major market of around XX% of the global revenue with a market size of USD XX million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of XX % from 2025 to 2033.

Market Dynamics of Currency Counting Machines Market

Key Drivers of Currency Counting Machines Market

Increasing Financial Institutions and the use of machines are diving the market to grow.

The demand for currency counting machines in the cash management department of the Banks owing to their use in reducing the manual effort and error involved in currency counting is driving the adoption of the market in the financial sectors, driven by the bank branch expansion to support the financial inclusions. For Instance, in June 2023, Bank of America revealed that it is to extend its financial center network into nine new markets over the course of four years, bringing banking, investing, retirement, lending, and small business services and solutions to more customers and communities. (Source:https://newsroom.bankofamerica.com/content/newsroom/press-releases/2023/06/bofa-to-open-financial-centers-in-9-new-markets-by-2026.html Along with streamlining its retail banking footprint, the company would initiate a multiyear expansion in nine markets and four new states, namely Nebraska, Wisconsin, Alabama, and Louisiana, which would fuel the market's need for currency counting machines. Financial services growth in developing nations around the globe is driving the market growth of currency-counting machines since cash transactions are common in developing nations. Market sellers such as VMS Essentials have created currency-counting machines for professional counters with accurate sensors and a consistent electric motor for efficient counting, propelling the market with the rising demand for currency-counting devices in Banks. Furthermore, Vendors are working on a UV and Magnetic fake system, which can identify any forged banknotes while counting all denominations at a rate of 1000 notes per minute, thus ideal for banks' cash handling units. Also, in March 2023, Advans Lafayette Microfinance Bank revealed its expansion strategy to establish a branch in Lagos, Nigeria. The new branch would be the 30th branch extended by the bank to offer financial services to the local communities, gain new customers, and enhance economic growth in the region, which would provide an opportunity for the manufacturers of cash-counting machines to assist the growth of the market. (Source: https://dailytrust.com/advans-lafayette-microfinance-bank-grows-branch-network-to-30/ )

Key Restraints of Currency Counting Machines Market

High Maintenance Cost and complex System Integration can hamper the market. 

High maintenance costs and complicated system integration are challenges for currency counting machines, affecting their uptake and subsequent use over the long term, particularly in companies that require substantial levels of cash handling. Its maintenance is costly, which curbs the growth of the market. These devices form a crucial component of banking, retail, e-commerce, and financial institutions; yet, to maintain accurate detection and prevent any malfunctioning of counterfeit note detection, they require calibration, sensor replacement, and software updating at regular intervals. Additionally, be it combined with currency counters or advanced point-of-sale (POS) and banking software, operating complex...

Financial Services Market Outlook

As per our latest research, the global financial services market size reached USD 26.5 trillion in 2024, demonstrating robust expansion across all major segments. The market is poised for further growth, projected to reach USD 42.1 trillion by 2033, reflecting a steady compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.3% during the forecast period. This sustained momentum is driven by rapid digital transformation, rising financial inclusion, and the increasing adoption of technology-driven solutions across banking, insurance, wealth management, and investment services.

The primary growth factor propelling the financial services market is the sweeping wave of digitalization that has revolutionized traditional financial products and delivery mechanisms. The proliferation of smartphones, internet connectivity, and advanced analytics has enabled financial institutions to offer tailored, customer-centric solutions at scale. Digital banking, mobile payments, and online investment platforms have democratized access to financial products, expanding the addressable market. Furthermore, fintech innovations such as blockchain, artificial intelligence, and machine learning are reshaping risk assessment, fraud detection, and customer engagement, creating new value propositions and operational efficiencies for service providers. This digital shift has also accelerated the entry of non-traditional players, intensifying competition and fostering continuous innovation in the global financial services ecosystem.

Another significant driver is the increasing focus on financial inclusion and regulatory reforms aimed at fostering a more resilient and transparent financial landscape. Governments and regulatory bodies worldwide are implementing policies to promote access to banking, insurance, and investment products for underserved populations. Initiatives such as open banking, instant payment systems, and digital identity verification are lowering entry barriers and enabling more individuals and small businesses to participate in the formal financial system. Additionally, evolving consumer preferences for convenience, speed, and personalized experiences are compelling traditional service providers to invest heavily in technology and customer experience enhancements, thus contributing to the overall market growth.

The market is also buoyed by the rising demand for wealth management and investment services, particularly among the growing middle class and high-net-worth individuals in emerging economies. As disposable incomes rise and financial literacy improves, there is an increased appetite for diversified investment products, retirement planning, and risk management solutions. This trend is further amplified by demographic shifts such as aging populations in developed regions, driving demand for pension funds, annuities, and long-term savings instruments. The integration of robo-advisory platforms and automated portfolio management tools is making wealth management more accessible and cost-effective, thereby expanding the market reach of financial advisors and investment firms.

From a regional perspective, Asia Pacific stands out as the fastest-growing market, fueled by rapid economic development, a burgeoning digital ecosystem, and supportive government policies. North America continues to hold the largest market share, underpinned by its mature financial infrastructure, high adoption of advanced technologies, and strong presence of global financial institutions. Europe is witnessing steady growth due to regulatory harmonization and the expansion of cross-border financial services. Meanwhile, Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are gradually catching up, driven by increasing investments in financial technology and ongoing efforts to enhance financial inclusion. Each region presents distinct opportunities and challenges, with local market dynamics shaping the competitive landscape and growth trajectory of the global financial services market.

Type Analysis

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Kuwait KW: Portfolio Investment Assets: World Minus 25 Significant Financial Centers data was reported at 15.024 USD bn in 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 16.717 USD bn for 2019. Kuwait KW: Portfolio Investment Assets: World Minus 25 Significant Financial Centers data is updated yearly, averaging 13.267 USD bn from Dec 2013 (Median) to 2020, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16.768 USD bn in 2013 and a record low of 12.252 USD bn in 2015. Kuwait KW: Portfolio Investment Assets: World Minus 25 Significant Financial Centers data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Kuwait – Table KW.IMF.CPIS: BPM6: Portfolio Investment Assets: by Country: Annual.

Algorithmic Trading Software Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global Algorithmic Trading Software market size in 2024 is valued at USD 15.8 billion, with a robust year-on-year growth trajectory. The market is expected to reach USD 41.7 billion by 2033, expanding at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.4% during the forecast period. This impressive growth is primarily driven by the increasing adoption of automation and artificial intelligence in trading, as well as the surge in demand for high-frequency trading solutions across global financial markets. As per our latest research, the market’s expansion is further supported by advancements in cloud technology and the proliferation of digital assets, which are transforming the landscape of trading operations worldwide.

One of the most significant growth factors for the Algorithmic Trading Software market is the accelerated integration of advanced technologies such as machine learning, deep learning, and predictive analytics within trading platforms. These technologies enable traders and financial institutions to analyze vast datasets in real time, identify market trends, and execute trades with precision and speed that surpass human capabilities. The increasing complexity and volatility of financial markets have necessitated the adoption of algorithmic solutions to minimize risk and maximize profitability. Furthermore, regulatory reforms in major financial hubs have promoted transparency and fairness, encouraging more institutions to deploy algorithmic trading strategies to stay compliant while optimizing their trading performance.

Another major driver fueling the growth of the Algorithmic Trading Software market is the widespread digital transformation of the financial sector. The proliferation of electronic trading platforms, coupled with the rising adoption of cloud-based services, has made algorithmic trading more accessible to a broader range of market participants, including small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The democratization of trading technologies has led to increased competition, innovation, and efficiency in global markets. Additionally, the growing popularity of cryptocurrency trading and the emergence of decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms have expanded the application scope of algorithmic trading software, further propelling market growth.

The rapid globalization of financial markets and the increasing participation of institutional and retail investors from emerging economies are also contributing to the market’s upward trajectory. As trading volumes surge and cross-border transactions become more prevalent, the demand for sophisticated algorithmic trading solutions capable of handling high-frequency, multi-asset, and multi-currency trades continues to rise. Financial institutions are investing heavily in upgrading their trading infrastructure to ensure low latency, scalability, and security, which are critical for maintaining a competitive edge. The continuous evolution of market microstructure, coupled with advancements in network connectivity and data analytics, is expected to sustain the momentum of the Algorithmic Trading Software market over the next decade.

From a regional perspective, North America remains the largest market for Algorithmic Trading Software, accounting for a significant share of global revenues in 2024. The region’s dominance is attributed to the presence of major financial centers, advanced technological infrastructure, and a highly competitive trading environment. However, Asia Pacific is emerging as the fastest-growing region, driven by rapid economic development, increasing financial market liberalization, and the growing adoption of digital trading platforms in countries such as China, India, and Japan. Europe also maintains a strong position, supported by regulatory harmonization and the expansion of electronic trading across its financial markets. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are gradually catching up, with increasing investments in fintech and digital transformation initiatives.

The global convertible bonds market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing demand for flexible financing options across various sectors. While precise figures for market size and CAGR aren't provided, considering the involvement of major global investment banks and the diverse applications across energy, finance, manufacturing, and real estate, a reasonable estimate for the 2025 market size would be in the range of $150-200 billion. This market is projected to experience a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of approximately 7-9% between 2025 and 2033, fueled by factors such as increasing investor interest in hybrid securities, the need for innovative capital raising strategies by companies, and a favorable regulatory environment in several key regions. Growth is further spurred by the diversity of convertible bond types (Vanilla, Mandatory, Reversible) catering to specific investor and issuer needs, and the increasing adoption across numerous sectors. The market faces potential restraints including interest rate volatility and macroeconomic uncertainty, which can influence investor sentiment towards these instruments. However, the long-term outlook remains positive, supported by the continued growth of the global financial markets and the ongoing search for yield in a low-interest-rate environment. The geographical distribution of the convertible bonds market is expected to be largely concentrated in North America and Europe, reflecting the presence of established financial centers and sophisticated investor bases. However, Asia-Pacific is showing substantial growth potential due to the rapid expansion of its financial markets and increasing corporate activity. Regional variations will be influenced by factors such as regulatory frameworks, economic growth rates, and the prevalence of specific industries that utilize convertible bonds for financing. Key players in the market, including Morgan Stanley, Goldman Sachs, and other major investment banks, play a significant role in shaping market trends through their underwriting and advisory services. Competition among these firms drives innovation and contributes to the overall market dynamics. The continued evolution of the convertible bond market, including the potential emergence of new types of instruments and innovative structuring techniques, suggests that growth will likely remain strong throughout the forecast period.

The historical money and capital market data base contains both more than 100.000 pension market data (interest rates as well as stock prices and associated income returns)and stock market data from the period of the German Empire´s establishment 1871 up to the outbreak of the First World War in the year 1914.

This data base was developed by the Institut for capital market research (CFS, Center for Financial Studies) of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe - University of Frankfurt/Main in the context of the DFG priority programme titeled „Empirical Capital Market Research“.

The data were gathered by extensive searches at the german financial centres at that time, which were Berlin, Frankfurt/Main, Hamburg, Leipzig, Cologne and Munich.

They ensure thus under geographical criteria a comprehensive and representative overview of the money and capital market situation in Germany before the First World War.

Topics

Timeseries are available via the downloadsystem HISTAT:

The data of the individual stock exchange centres are arranged according to industries: Banks, insurance, traffic, electrical industry, mechanical engineering, metal industry, mining industry, building and propberty, chemistry, paper, glass and ceramic(s), breweries, other ones, textile and leather.