Russia's capital, Moscow, was the largest city in the country with over 13.1 million residents as of January 1, 2024. Less than a half of Moscow's population resided in Saint Petersburg, the second-most populous city in the country. The third-largest city, Novosibirsk, was located in the Siberian Federal District, being the highest-populated city in the Asian part of Russia. Why is Moscow so populated? The Russian capital is the center of political, industrial, business, and cultural life in Russia. Despite being one of the most expensive cities worldwide, it continues to attract people from Russia and abroad, with its resident population following a generally upward trend over the past decade. Wages in Moscow are higher than in Russia on average, and more opportunities for employment and investment are available in the capital. Furthermore, the number of people living in Moscow was forecast to continue rising, exceeding 12.8 million by 2035. Urbanization in Russia In 2024, around 109 million Russian residents lived in cities. That was approximately three-quarters of the country’s population. The urbanization rate increased steadily over the 20th century, leading to a decline in the rural population. Among the country’s regions, the Northwestern Federal District had the highest share of residents in urban areas, measured at 85 percent. In the Central Federal District, the tendency was that more people moved to Moscow and cities in the Moscow Oblast.

Among Russian cities with more than one million inhabitants, the country's capital Moscow received the highest urban environmental quality index score of 304 out of 360 points in 2023, based on six criteria and six types of area. The second-leading city in this category was Saint Petersburg, Russia's second-largest city, while Nizhny Novgorod, ranked third.

Population in largest city in Russia was reported at 12712305 in 2024, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Russia - Population in largest city - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on June of 2025.

As of September 2020, Moscow had the biggest amount of public routes, among which the largest number was accounted for bus routes and tram lines. The Russian northern capital Saint Petersburg, followed next with a total number of 838 routes of public transport.

This database provides construction of Large Urban Regions (LUR) in Russia. A Large Urban Region (LUR) can be defined as an aggregation of continuous statistical units around a core that are economically dependent on this core and linked to it by economic and social strong interdependences. The main purpose of this delineation is to make cities comparable on the national and world scales and to make comparative social-economic urban studies. Aggregating different municipal districts around a core city, we construct a single large urban region, which allows to include all the area of economic influence of a core into one statistical unit (see Rogov & Rozenblat, 2020 for more details) thus, changing a city position in a global urban hierarchy. In doing so we use four principal urban concepts (Pumain et al., 1992): political definition, morphological definition, functional definition and conurbation that we call Large Urban Region. We constructed Russian LURs using criteria such as population distribution, road networks, access to an airport, distance from a core, presence of multinational firms. In this database, we provide population data for LURs and their administrative units.

Population in the largest city (% of urban population) in Russia was reported at 11.76 % in 2024, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Russia - Population in the largest city - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on June of 2025.

On Sunday, September 12, 2021, the highest self-isolation index among Russian cities with over one million inhabitants was measured in Omsk at 2.8 points, indicating that there was a high number of people on the streets. In the capital Moscow, where most COVID-19 cases in Russia were recorded, the index reached two points. The non-working period in Russia ended on May 12, 2020.

For further information about the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, please visit our dedicated Facts and Figures page.

Two Russian cities were included in the Top 100 Super Cities list of Tholons Globalization Services Index in 2020. The capital Moscow was the most attractive for business innovations in the country, ranked 23rd worldwide in 2019 and improving its position reaching 18 on the list by 2020. Russian second largest city Saint Petersburg was placed 51st. The rank of Saint Petersburg dropped by almost 20 positions compared to the previous year.

This horizontal bar chart displays female population (people) by capital city using the aggregation sum in Russia. The data is about countries per year.

Despite that Moscow accounted for the largest sporting goods online sales share, the highest consumption index of sporting goods in Russia was measured in Krasnodar. To compare, Moscow listed in the fourth place.

The data is to evaluate the impact of restrictive measures introduced in connection with COVID-19 on consumption and, accordingly, on electricity generation in Russian cities, which were most susceptible to outbreaks of the coronavirus infection (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod). Currently, based on available data, the mobility of the population has decreased resulting in lower demand for electricity during self-isolation. Therefore, the study will be based on the hypothesis that similar changes in human behavior can be expected in the future with further spread of COVID-19 and/or the introduction of additional quarantine measures in major cities around the world. The analysis also yielded additional results: the strongest reductions in energy generation occurred in cities with high building density (7% in Moscow, 14% in Yekaterinburg). Furthermore, the decrease in energy generation in cities with low building density was not so dramatic (1% in St. Petersburg, 0% - Nizhny Novgorod). The study uses two models created with Keras LSTM. The first model forecasts power generation and uses 76 parameters. The second LSTM model forecasts new COVID-19 cases across countries, in which 10 parameters are involved.

Population: SB: Novosibirsk City: Working Age data was reported at 957.300 Person th in 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 942.200 Person th for 2018. Population: SB: Novosibirsk City: Working Age data is updated yearly, averaging 946.500 Person th from Dec 2003 (Median) to 2019, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 965.600 Person th in 2013 and a record low of 899.000 Person th in 2009. Population: SB: Novosibirsk City: Working Age data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Demographic and Labour Market – Table RU.GA022: Population: by City: Siberian Federal District. Labour Force population includes men aged 16-59 years old and women aged 16-54 years old Население трудоспособного возраста - мужчины 16-59 лет, женщины 16-54 года

This horizontal bar chart displays agricultural land (km²) by capital city using the aggregation sum in Russia. The data is about countries per year.

Population: SB: Republic of Khakassia: Abackan: Non Working Age: Age 1 to 6 data was reported at 17.100 Person th in 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 17.500 Person th for 2018. Population: SB: Republic of Khakassia: Abackan: Non Working Age: Age 1 to 6 data is updated yearly, averaging 12.600 Person th from Dec 2003 (Median) to 2019, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 17.500 Person th in 2018 and a record low of 9.000 Person th in 2003. Population: SB: Republic of Khakassia: Abackan: Non Working Age: Age 1 to 6 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Demographic and Labour Market – Table RU.GA022: Population: by City: Siberian Federal District.

This horizontal bar chart displays alternative and nuclear energy (% of total energy use) by capital city using the aggregation average in Russia. The data is about countries per year.

The Russian buildings market, valued at approximately $XX million in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, exhibiting a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 6.50% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is fueled by several key drivers. Firstly, ongoing urbanization and population growth in major Russian cities like Moscow and St. Petersburg are driving increased demand for residential and commercial spaces. Secondly, government initiatives focused on infrastructure development and modernization contribute significantly to the market's growth, particularly in areas like transportation and public utilities. Furthermore, the rising disposable incomes of the middle class are stimulating demand for improved housing and commercial properties. However, the market faces certain restraints. Economic fluctuations, geopolitical factors, and potential material price volatility pose challenges to consistent growth. The market is segmented by material type (concrete, glass, metal, timber, others) and application (residential, commercial, other applications including industrial, institutional, and infrastructure). Key players such as LSR Group, Atlaca Group, Segezha Group, AECON, PIK Group, K Modul, Setl Group, Renaissance Construction, INSI Holding, Story House, and Pallada Eco are shaping the competitive landscape, with regional variations across Western, Eastern, Southern, and Northern Russia. The forecast period reveals a promising outlook for the Russian buildings market. The continued focus on infrastructure modernization, coupled with government support for housing development projects and private sector investments, is anticipated to maintain a steady growth trajectory. However, mitigating the risks associated with economic volatility and material supply chain disruptions will be crucial for sustaining this positive momentum. The diverse material segments provide different opportunities for growth, with concrete likely maintaining its dominant share due to its cost-effectiveness and versatility, while sectors like timber construction might see growth driven by a renewed focus on sustainable building practices. Regional differences in economic growth and development will influence the speed of market expansion, with Western Russia likely maintaining a larger market share due to its higher concentration of urban centers and economic activity. Recent developments include: April 2022: Etalon Group (one of Russia's largest and longest-established development and construction companies) acquired YIT Corporation (a construction company) for a maximum consideration of RUB 4,597 million (USD 65.53 million). In terms of the development of construction technologies, the Etalon company's priority is the construction of ready-to-assemble modular multi-story buildings using on-site prefabrication technology., January 2022: Dubldom (a modular frame house design company) has designed a TOPOL 27 modular house made of several parts that can be transported by car and put together on-site. Unlike other similar pre-fab homes, it also comes fully furnished with lamps, cutlery, and dishes. Spread over 27 square meters, the home has a bedroom, kitchen, living room, bathroom, and dressing room. The structure itself is also built from natural materials, with oak wood and black metal for walls, and stone for kitchen countertops.. Key drivers for this market are: Increasing construction spending by governments, Growing popularity of interior design and architecture is likely to increase the demand for polymer sheets. Potential restraints include: Shortage of Raw Materials. Notable trends are: The Demand for Prefabricated Building is Increasing in Russia.

The Russian buildings market, valued at approximately $XX million in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, exhibiting a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 6.50% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is fueled by several key drivers. Firstly, ongoing urbanization and population growth in major Russian cities are creating a significant demand for new residential and commercial buildings. Secondly, government initiatives aimed at improving infrastructure and stimulating economic activity are further bolstering the sector. Increased investment in sustainable construction practices, including the adoption of energy-efficient building materials like glass and timber in certain segments, is also contributing to market growth. However, economic volatility and fluctuations in material costs represent potential restraints, alongside challenges in securing skilled labor and navigating complex regulatory environments. Segmentation reveals a diverse market, with concrete dominating material type usage in both residential and commercial applications, closely followed by other materials likely reflecting a mix of traditional and modern building solutions. Major players such as LSR Group, Segezha Group, and PIK Group of Companies are actively shaping the market landscape through their projects and innovations. The forecast period (2025-2033) indicates continued market expansion, driven by sustained urbanization and investment. Growth will likely be concentrated in major metropolitan areas, with ongoing construction of residential complexes and commercial developments. However, the market's trajectory will be subject to the overall health of the Russian economy and global geopolitical events. The ongoing adoption of innovative construction technologies and sustainable materials will play a significant role in shaping the future composition of the market, with ongoing opportunities for companies specializing in sustainable and technologically advanced building solutions. The competition is intense, and companies will need to adapt strategies to remain competitive in this dynamic market. Russia Buildings Market: A Comprehensive Analysis (2019-2033) This comprehensive report provides an in-depth analysis of the Russia buildings market, covering the period 2019-2033. It offers invaluable insights into market size, trends, drivers, challenges, and key players, enabling businesses to make informed strategic decisions. The report utilizes data from the base year 2025 and forecasts market performance until 2033, incorporating historical data from 2019-2024. The study segments the market by material type (concrete, glass, metal, timber, other), application (residential, commercial, other), and key players, providing a granular understanding of the market dynamics. This report is crucial for stakeholders including investors, construction companies, material suppliers, and government agencies seeking a holistic perspective on the evolving Russian construction landscape. Recent developments include: April 2022: Etalon Group (one of Russia's largest and longest-established development and construction companies) acquired YIT Corporation (a construction company) for a maximum consideration of RUB 4,597 million (USD 65.53 million). In terms of the development of construction technologies, the Etalon company's priority is the construction of ready-to-assemble modular multi-story buildings using on-site prefabrication technology., January 2022: Dubldom (a modular frame house design company) has designed a TOPOL 27 modular house made of several parts that can be transported by car and put together on-site. Unlike other similar pre-fab homes, it also comes fully furnished with lamps, cutlery, and dishes. Spread over 27 square meters, the home has a bedroom, kitchen, living room, bathroom, and dressing room. The structure itself is also built from natural materials, with oak wood and black metal for walls, and stone for kitchen countertops.. Key drivers for this market are: Increasing construction spending by governments, Growing popularity of interior design and architecture is likely to increase the demand for polymer sheets. Potential restraints include: Shortage of Raw Materials. Notable trends are: The Demand for Prefabricated Building is Increasing in Russia.

Population: SB: Republic of Tyva: Kyzyl: Above Working Age data was reported at 13.600 Person th in 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 14.300 Person th for 2018. Population: SB: Republic of Tyva: Kyzyl: Above Working Age data is updated yearly, averaging 11.900 Person th from Dec 2003 (Median) to 2019, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 14.300 Person th in 2018 and a record low of 10.600 Person th in 2003. Population: SB: Republic of Tyva: Kyzyl: Above Working Age data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Demographic and Labour Market – Table RU.GA022: Population: by City: Siberian Federal District.

With a score of 23.62, Moscow was the leading city for startups in Russia in 2024. Saint Petersburg followed, having earned a score of 1.66 in the period observed. Furthermore, the Russia's capital ranked the major city for startups in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). The score was based on several indicators, such as the number of startups in each city, the startups' qualitative results, and the cities' business and economic indicators.

Population: SB: Irkutsk Region: Angarsk: Above Working Age data was reported at 54.600 Person th in 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 56.800 Person th for 2018. Population: SB: Irkutsk Region: Angarsk: Above Working Age data is updated yearly, averaging 52.900 Person th from Dec 2003 (Median) to 2019, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 56.800 Person th in 2018 and a record low of 48.500 Person th in 2003. Population: SB: Irkutsk Region: Angarsk: Above Working Age data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Demographic and Labour Market – Table RU.GA022: Population: by City: Siberian Federal District.