In 2025, **** percent of the Malaysian population were classified as Bumiputera, **** percent were classified as ethnic Chinese, and *** percent as ethnic Indians. Those who do not fall under these three main ethnic groups are classified as ‘Other.’ Malaysia is a multi-ethnic and multi-religious society with three main ethnicities and language groups. Who are Malaysia’s Bumiputera? Bumiputera, meaning sons of the soil, is a term used to categorize the Malays, as well as the indigenous peoples of Peninsular Malaysia, also known as "orang asli", and the indigenous peoples of Sabah and Sarawak. As 2024, the Bumiputera share of the population in Sabah was ** percent, while that in Sarawak was **** percent. Thus, the incorporation of the states of Sabah and Sarawak during the formation of Malaysia ensured that the ethnic Malays were able to maintain a majority share of the Malaysian population. Bumiputera privileges and ethnic-based politics The rights and privileges of the Malays and the natives of Sabah and Sarawak are enshrined in Article 153 of Malaysia’s constitution. This translated, in practice, to a policy of affirmative action to improve the economic situation of this particular group, through the New Economic Policy introduced in 1971. 50 years on, it is questionable whether the policy has achieved its aim. Bumiputeras still lag behind the other ethnic two major groups in terms of monthly household income. However, re-thinking this policy will certainly be met by opposition from those who have benefitted from it.

In 2023, the average monthly salary for Chinese employees in Malaysia was ***** Malaysian ringgit. Although the Chinese population constituted **** percent of the Malaysian population and are considered the minority, they had the highest average monthly salary. The

Malaysia Mid Year Population: 2010 Census: Female: Citizens: Chinese data was reported at 3.258 Person mn in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 3.244 Person mn for 2017. Malaysia Mid Year Population: 2010 Census: Female: Citizens: Chinese data is updated yearly, averaging 3.199 Person mn from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2018, with 9 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.258 Person mn in 2018 and a record low of 3.116 Person mn in 2010. Malaysia Mid Year Population: 2010 Census: Female: Citizens: Chinese data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Department of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Malaysia – Table MY.G001: Population.

In 2023, the crude rate of natural increase for the Bumiputera population in Malaysia was ****, the highest among all ethnic groups in Malaysia. By comparison, the crude rate of natural increase for the Chinese population was the lowest.

Context

According to the Malaysian Department of Statistics, the country's population was 28,334,135 in 2010, according to a 2012 estimate, the population is increasing by 1.54 percent per year. Malaysia has a multi-ethnic, multicultural, and multilingual society. Malaysian citizens consist mainly of 3 ethnic groups, with the largest group being Bumiputra which consist mainly of Malays. Malaysian Chinese which has a population of about 20% & Malaysian Indian with about 7%.

Content

The Data consist of 1700 rows & 6columns.

• Sex: Male, Female
• Age Group: 17 different age group. E.g: 00-04 , 05-09 , 10-14 , etc.
• Year: 2010 - 2019
• Citizen category: Malaysian citizens , Non-Malaysian citizens
• Ethnic: Bumiputra , Chinese , Indian , Other , Foreigner . Malaysian citizen but not in the 3 main ethnic group are mark as Other.
• Population ('000): Population in thousands

Malaysia DOS Projection: Population: Chinese data was reported at 7,474.400 Person th in 2040. This records an increase from the previous number of 7,415.500 Person th for 2035. Malaysia DOS Projection: Population: Chinese data is updated yearly, averaging 7,309.900 Person th from Dec 2020 (Median) to 2040, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7,474.400 Person th in 2040 and a record low of 6,947.000 Person th in 2020. Malaysia DOS Projection: Population: Chinese data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Department of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Malaysia – Table MY.G002: Population: Projection: Department of Statistics.

In 2025, it was estimated that **** percent of the population in Sabah were Bumiputera. "Bumiputera" is a term used in Malaysia to refer to those of Malay ethnicity or from indigenous groups in Malaysia. Sabah is a resource-rich state located in eastern Malaysia on the island of Borneo. It primarily exports oil, gas, timber, and palm oil.

Malaysia Mid Year Population: 2010 Census: Chinese: Johor data was reported at 1.100 Person mn in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.093 Person mn for 2017. Malaysia Mid Year Population: 2010 Census: Chinese: Johor data is updated yearly, averaging 1.073 Person mn from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2018, with 9 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.100 Person mn in 2018 and a record low of 1.041 Person mn in 2010. Malaysia Mid Year Population: 2010 Census: Chinese: Johor data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Department of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Malaysia – Table MY.G001: Population.

ObjectivesLiterature shows a high prevalence of MetS among Malaysians, varying across the major ethnicities. Since sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors and diet habits of such communities have been reported to be diverse, the objective of this study was to investigate the association of various sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors and diet habits with MetS overall, as well as with the three major ethnic communities in Malaysia, specifically.Materials and methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study among 481 Malaysians of ages 18 years and above living in the state of Johor, Malaysia. Information on demographics, lifestyle and diet habits were collected using a structured questionnaire. Harmonized criteria were used to assess the status of MetS. Multiple logistic regression was employed to determine any associations between sociodemographic and lifestyle factors and dietary behaviours with MetS.ResultsMetS was found among 32.2% of the respondents and was more prevalent among the Indians (51.9%), followed by the Malays (36.7%) and the Chinese (20.2%). Overall, increasing age (AOR = 2.44[95%CI = 1.27–4.70] at 40–49 years vs. AOR = 4.14[95%CI = 1.97–8.69] at 60 years and above) and Indian ethnicity (AOR = 1.95[95%CI = 1.12–3.38)] increased the odds of MetS, while higher education (AOR = 0.44[95%CI = 0.20–0.94] decreased the odds of MetS in this population. Quick finishing of meals (AOR = 2.17[95%CI = 1.02–4.60]) and low physical activity (AOR = 4.76[95%CI = 1.49–15.26]) were associated with increased odds of MetS among the Malays and the Chinese, respectively.ConclusionThe population of Johor depicts a diverse lifestyle and diet behaviour, and some of these factors are associated with MetS in certain ethnic groups. In the light of such differences, ethnic specific measures would be needed to reduce the prevalence of MetS among those in this population.

As of July 2024, it was estimated that **** percent of the population in Sarawak were Bumiputera. "Bumiputera" is a term used in Malaysia to refer to those of Malay ethnicity or from indigenous groups in Malaysia. Sarawak is a resource-rich state, located in western Malaysia on the island of Borneo. It primarily exports oil, gas, timber, and palm oil.

DOS Projection: Population: Female: Non-Malaysian Citizens data was reported at 1,541.500 Person th in 2040. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,481.900 Person th for 2035. DOS Projection: Population: Female: Non-Malaysian Citizens data is updated yearly, averaging 1,410.200 Person th from Dec 2020 (Median) to 2040, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,541.500 Person th in 2040 and a record low of 1,234.100 Person th in 2020. DOS Projection: Population: Female: Non-Malaysian Citizens data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Department of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Malaysia – Table MY.G002: Population: Projection: Department of Statistics.

Abstract

Cross-sectional study on the dietary fatty acid intake patterns, lipid profile, lipoprotein particle size and plasma fatty acid composition in an urban adult Malaysian cohort.

Geographic coverage

Sub-national coverage, only urban areas.

Analysis unit

Individuals

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Non-probability sampling. The Malaysia Lipid Study (MLS) is a cross-sectional study investigating dietary practices and metabolic outcomes in an urban, mixed-racial population of healthy free-living adults. Malays, Chinese and Indians are among the main ethnic groups in Malaysia, and together form approximately 85% of the total population. Participant screening and subject recruitment were conducted in the urban centers of Kuala Lumpur and Petaling Jaya and surrounding suburban housing estates. Screening was facilitated through religious, community, parent-teacher associations and employer organizations at 38 community sites, between November 2012 and November 2013.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

The purpose of this study is to undertake a comparative study of higher education indices in China and between the 31 administrative divisions of China with the international evaluation system. The analysis includes a comparison of higher education indices between China and six continents and several key countries in the world, as well as a comparison between internal regions in China and Malaysia, both of which are in Asia. The numbers and rankings of higher education institutes (HEIs) of various countries and regions listed in the QS World University Rankings (QS) over 13 years from 2010 to 2023 form the basis of corresponding higher education indices obtained through several calculation formulas. These indices are the QS Higher Education Density Index (QSHEDI), QS Higher Education Quality Index (QSHEQI), QS Higher Education Composite Index (QSHEI), and Relative QS Higher Education Composite Index (RQSHEI), and they reflect the index calculation results of the density, quality, and composite of higher education relative to the regional population. Based on the comparative analysis of the indices from multiple perspectives, this study found that there is a large gap between higher education in China and other countries, and there is also a significant imbalance in the geographical distribution of higher education resources among Chinese provinces based on the population proportion and economic impact. These disparities will hurt the sustainable development of higher education in China. Therefore, paying more attention to the international evaluation system and recognition standards like the QS Rankings becomes necessary to guide the balanced development of higher education among provinces according to the population proportion. It is also vital to improve the international influence of HEIs in China according to internationally recognized requirements so that China's higher education can develop sustainably in the process of global internationalization.

DOS Projection: Population: Female: Bumiputera data was reported at 13,275.700 Person th in 2040. This records an increase from the previous number of 12,644.800 Person th for 2035. DOS Projection: Population: Female: Bumiputera data is updated yearly, averaging 11,961.800 Person th from Dec 2020 (Median) to 2040, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13,275.700 Person th in 2040 and a record low of 10,412.300 Person th in 2020. DOS Projection: Population: Female: Bumiputera data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Department of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Malaysia – Table MY.G002: Population: Projection: Department of Statistics.

In 2020, citizens of Chinese descent made up ** percent of Singapore's population, by far the highest share across ASEAN countries. Malaysia followed, with around ** percent of the country's citizens being of Chinese descent.

Malaysia Mid Year Population: 2010 Census: Chinese: Terengganu data was reported at 0.029 Person mn in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.028 Person mn for 2017. Malaysia Mid Year Population: 2010 Census: Chinese: Terengganu data is updated yearly, averaging 0.028 Person mn from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2018, with 9 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.029 Person mn in 2018 and a record low of 0.027 Person mn in 2012. Malaysia Mid Year Population: 2010 Census: Chinese: Terengganu data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Department of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Malaysia – Table MY.G001: Population.

ANOVA applying Post Hoc Scheffe test * P

The Southern Chinese populations are compared, specifically the children of Guangzhou City (China), Penang City (west coast Malaysia) and Kelantan City (east coast Malaysia). These Chinese people have similar ancestry thus it would allow us to delineate the effect of diet and ethnicity on gut microbiota composition. For comparison, the Penang and Kelantan Malay (race) children were also included. The results of Weighted beta diversity, Unweighted beta diversity, Relative abundance of major genera, Foods frequency questionnaires were uploaded.

TMC is a population-based cohort study and biobank following over 106,000 adult Malaysian citizens. Participants aged 35-70 years were enrolled between April 2006 and September 2012 from rural and urban areas within Malaysia, using a mixed approach of voluntary participation as well as cluster and targeted sampling. Individuals from Indian and Chinese ethnic groups were oversampled to allow for better comparison with the Malay ethnic group. At baseline, the cohort was 44% Malay, 33% Chinese, 15% Indian, and 8% other ethnic groups.

DOS Projection: Population: 40 to 44 Years data was reported at 2,732.500 Person th in 2040. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2,885.300 Person th for 2035. DOS Projection: Population: 40 to 44 Years data is updated yearly, averaging 2,885.300 Person th from Dec 2020 (Median) to 2040, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3,085.200 Person th in 2030 and a record low of 2,288.200 Person th in 2020. DOS Projection: Population: 40 to 44 Years data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Department of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Malaysia – Table MY.G002: Population: Projection: Department of Statistics.