This file is an Excel 2010 companion and support file to a research manuscript entitled "Computational methodology for quantifying regional and global temperature changes caused by multiple concurrent processes". It contains multiple tables for data and opinion collection from a team of experts.It provides algorithms for assigning weights to experts.

Data on the top universities for Social Sciences in 2025, including disciplines such as Communication & Media Studies, Geography, and Sociology.

Quarterly Journal of Economics Abstract & Indexing - ResearchHelpDesk - The Quarterly Journal of Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the Oxford University Press for the Harvard University Department of Economics. Its current editors-in-chief are Robert J. Barro, Lawrence F. Katz, Nathan Nunn, Andrei Shleifer, and Stefanie Stantcheva (Harvard University). It is the oldest professional journal of economics in the English language and covers all aspects of the field—from the journal's traditional emphasis on micro theory to both empirical and theoretical macroeconomics. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2015 impact factor of 6.662, ranking it first out of 347 journals in the category "Economics". It is generally regarded as one of the top 5 journals in economics, together with the American Economic Review, Econometrica, the Journal of Political Economy, and the Review of Economic Studies. The Quarterly Journal of Economics is the oldest professional journal of economics in the English language. Edited at Harvard University's Department of Economics, it covers all aspects of the field. QJE is invaluable to professional and academic economists and students around the world. Scope of the Journal The Quarterly Journal of Economics is the oldest professional journal of economics in the English language. Edited at Harvard University's Department of Economics, it covers all aspects of the field-from the journal's traditional emphasis on micro theory, to both empirical and theoretical macroeconomics. QJE is invaluable to professional and academic economists and students around the world. Impact Factor and Ranking Year Impact Factor Ssi: Economics 2020 15.563 1 out of 377 2019 11.375 1 out of 371 2018 11.775 1 out of 363 2017 7.863 1 out of 353 2016 6.662 1 out of 347 2015 5.538 2 out of 344 2014 6.654 1 out of 333 2013 5.966 3 out of 332 2012 5.278 2 out of 332 2011 5.920 2 out of 320 2010 5.940 2 out of 304 2009 5.647 2 out of 245 This information is taken from the Journal Citation Reports™ (Clarivate, 2021). Abstracting & Indexing Services The Quarterly Journal of Economics is covered by the following abstracting and indexing services: ABI-INFORM Book Review Digest Plus CAB Abstracts Coal Abstracts Criminal Justice Abstracts Current Contents: Social & Behavioral Sciences Current Index to Statistics Dietrich's Index Philosophicus Documentation in Public Administration EconLit Emerald Management Reviews Environmental RouteNet Environmental Sciences & Pollution Management Database Expanded Academic ASAP Family Index Historical Abstracts Human Resources Abstracts IBZ: International Bibliography of Periodical Literature Index of Economic Articles in Journals & Collected Volumes Index to Periodical Articles Related to Law International Bibliography of Humanities & Sociological Literature Leisure, Recreation, and Tourism Abstracts Leisure Tourism Database LexisNexis Operations Research - Management Science Peace Research Abstracts ProQuest Central Public Administration Abstracts Quality Control & Applied Statistics RePec Risk Abstracts SCOPUS Social Science Source Social Sciences Citation Index/Social SciSearch Social Sciences Index Social Work Abstracts Wilson Business Abstracts World Agricultural Economics & Rural Sociology Abstracts Zentralblatt MATH

This is a time-series extract from Fortune 500 (2006 to 2021) showing ranking of several companies over that period. Described in a blog post linked below. This is data to show a proxy of innovation measurement from changes in sales (which Fortune 500 measures) over time. This data could be used for Science Policy to indicate where in the economy innovation (in the form of rising sales) is taking place. Now updated for 2016 data. Now updated with 2018 Fortune 500 data (22.5.18). Updated graphic with 2020 Fortune 500 data.Facebook continues to make moves up the F500 in 2021.

This article explores how for-profit consultancies mediate knowledge about global benchmarks in developing countries. Drawing on the case of the Ease of Doing Business rankings, published annually by the World Bank and the International Finance Corporation between 2005 and 2019, it examines the role consultancies play as knowledge brokers connecting global benchmarks produced by intergovernmental organizations to regulatory reform projects undertaken by national public administrations. The article shows how consultancies contracted to implement business enabling environment projects by the United States Agency for International Development advised national policymakers on how to design reforms to improve their country’s ranking status. Lending weight to criticisms that shifts in country rankings may be misleading as an indicator of changes in regulatory quality, the findings suggest that consultancies have leveraged benchmarks to perpetuate demand for their own expertise rather than to improve the evidence base for aid allocation and the evaluation of development projects.

Quarterly Journal of Economics Impact Factor 2024-2025 - ResearchHelpDesk - The Quarterly Journal of Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the Oxford University Press for the Harvard University Department of Economics. Its current editors-in-chief are Robert J. Barro, Lawrence F. Katz, Nathan Nunn, Andrei Shleifer, and Stefanie Stantcheva (Harvard University). It is the oldest professional journal of economics in the English language and covers all aspects of the field—from the journal's traditional emphasis on micro theory to both empirical and theoretical macroeconomics. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2015 impact factor of 6.662, ranking it first out of 347 journals in the category "Economics". It is generally regarded as one of the top 5 journals in economics, together with the American Economic Review, Econometrica, the Journal of Political Economy, and the Review of Economic Studies. The Quarterly Journal of Economics is the oldest professional journal of economics in the English language. Edited at Harvard University's Department of Economics, it covers all aspects of the field. QJE is invaluable to professional and academic economists and students around the world. Scope of the Journal The Quarterly Journal of Economics is the oldest professional journal of economics in the English language. Edited at Harvard University's Department of Economics, it covers all aspects of the field-from the journal's traditional emphasis on micro theory, to both empirical and theoretical macroeconomics. QJE is invaluable to professional and academic economists and students around the world. Impact Factor and Ranking Year Impact Factor Ssi: Economics 2020 15.563 1 out of 377 2019 11.375 1 out of 371 2018 11.775 1 out of 363 2017 7.863 1 out of 353 2016 6.662 1 out of 347 2015 5.538 2 out of 344 2014 6.654 1 out of 333 2013 5.966 3 out of 332 2012 5.278 2 out of 332 2011 5.920 2 out of 320 2010 5.940 2 out of 304 2009 5.647 2 out of 245 This information is taken from the Journal Citation Reports™ (Clarivate, 2021). Abstracting & Indexing Services The Quarterly Journal of Economics is covered by the following abstracting and indexing services: ABI-INFORM Book Review Digest Plus CAB Abstracts Coal Abstracts Criminal Justice Abstracts Current Contents: Social & Behavioral Sciences Current Index to Statistics Dietrich's Index Philosophicus Documentation in Public Administration EconLit Emerald Management Reviews Environmental RouteNet Environmental Sciences & Pollution Management Database Expanded Academic ASAP Family Index Historical Abstracts Human Resources Abstracts IBZ: International Bibliography of Periodical Literature Index of Economic Articles in Journals & Collected Volumes Index to Periodical Articles Related to Law International Bibliography of Humanities & Sociological Literature Leisure, Recreation, and Tourism Abstracts Leisure Tourism Database LexisNexis Operations Research - Management Science Peace Research Abstracts ProQuest Central Public Administration Abstracts Quality Control & Applied Statistics RePec Risk Abstracts SCOPUS Social Science Source Social Sciences Citation Index/Social SciSearch Social Sciences Index Social Work Abstracts Wilson Business Abstracts World Agricultural Economics & Rural Sociology Abstracts Zentralblatt MATH

In Latin America, the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC) tops the list of leading higher education institutions for social sciences and management, considering the academic reputation score received from the Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) World University Rankings by subject. In 2025, that Chilean university scored 86.4 out of 100, followed by the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México with 85.3 points.

End-Period-Cash-Flow Time Series for Bringspring Science and Tech. Bringspring Science and Technology Co., Ltd. primarily engages in the smart healthcare business in China. It operates through Health Care and Social Security, Government and Public Utilities, and Others segments. The company's smart medical records services include medical record statistics management, integrated medical records, medical record tracing, digital medical records, paperless medical record management, micro medical records, and self-service printing terminals. Its DRG/DIP services also comprise DRG medical insurance operation supervision systems, DRG medical service operation supervision systems, medical insurance settlement list reporting, and DIP medical insurance operation supervision systems; and medical quality control services include medical record homepage quality control system, medical insurance intelligent review system, medical insurance settlement list management system, and full-process medical record quality control system. In addition, the company's medical management services comprise hospital grade review, single disease management system, medical safety (adverse) event management system, and digital follow-up system; and data analysis and reporting services include performance appraisal homepage report, HQMS, respiratory diseases, NCIS medical services and quality safety, national drugs and consumables, and anti-tumor drugs, as well as medical platform services comprise provincial and municipal comprehensive supervision platform, public hospital performance assessment, and medical insurance payment platform. Further, it offers smart city solutions and artificial intelligence applications. The company was founded in 2005 and is headquartered in Shenyang, China.

This is the replication data for "shrinking factor dimension: A reduced-rank approach", published in Management Science.

The "data" folder includes all data files. The "codes" folder includes four folders with coding scripts: "Matlab for Main", "Python for Figures", "R", and "Matlab for LASSO Factors"

***** Data***** Main data files: Portfolio_returns.xlsx: data of riskfree rate, anomalies, FF48 portfolios, 202 characteristic managed portfolios stock_ret.mat: common stock returns stock_ret_nomicro: common stock returns (exclude micro caps)

intermediate data files： S2_1.xlsx, S2_3.xlsx, S2_5.xlsx, S2_6.xlsx: new weighting matrix W2, used for generating alternative RRA factors in Table 4. Run "weighting matrix.R" in folder "codes\R" to create. FGX_factors.mat: LASSO selected factors using Feng, Giglio, and Xiu (2020) method. Run "FGK_factors.m" in folder "codes\Matlab for LASSO Factors" to create. SCS_IS.mat: LASSO selected factors using Kozak, Nagel, and Santosh (2020) method. Run "KNS_factors.m" in folder "codes\Matlab for LASSO Factors" to create. figures.xlsx: spreadsheet "factor weights 48": weights of PCA, PLS, and 1 to 5 RRA factors. Run "Fig_factors_weights.m" in folder "codes\Matlab for Main" to create. spreadsheet "alphas 48" : absolute alphas of 48 industry portfolios. Run "Fig_alphas.m" in folder "codes\Matlab for Main" to create.

***** How to Replicate ****** Tables: all main codes are in folder "codes\Matlab for Main" 1. Run "Main_code_for_Table1" to create Table 1 (summary statistics of factor proxies). 2. Run "Main_code_for_Table2_Table3" to create Table 2 (performance of different factor models: in-sample) and Table 3 (PLS and RRA factors using alternative basis assets). Estimated running time:27 mins

1. Run "Main_code_for_Table4" to create Table 4 (an alternative estimation of RRA factors), besides main data files, also needs S2_1.xlsx, S2_3.xlsx, S2_5.xlsx, S2_6.xlsx. Estimated running time:4 mins

2. Run "Main_code_for_Table5" to create Table 5 (performance of different factor models: out-of-sample). Estimated running time:3 mins 29 secs

3. Run "Main_code_for_Table6" to create Table 6 (performance of RRA factors estimated with a pricing error restriction). Estimated running time:17 mins 30 secs

4. Run "Main_code_for_Table7" to create Table 7 (performance of different factor models with pre-specified FF five factors). Estimated running time:13 mins

5. Run "Main_code_for_Table8" to create Table 8 (performance of alternative PCA factors). Estimated running time:13 mins

6. Run "Main_code_for_Table9" to create Table 9 (performance of LASSO selected factors), besides main data files, also needs FGX_factors.mat and SCS_IS.mat. Estimated running time:9 mins

Figures: run "Fig1_3.py" in folder "Python for Figures" to create figure 1, 2, and 3. Needs figures.xlsx. Please install openpyxl before running.

Top 10 ranked firms with respect to three different measures of centrality – Year 2005.

Quarterly Journal of Economics Abbreviation ISO4 - ResearchHelpDesk - The Quarterly Journal of Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the Oxford University Press for the Harvard University Department of Economics. Its current editors-in-chief are Robert J. Barro, Lawrence F. Katz, Nathan Nunn, Andrei Shleifer, and Stefanie Stantcheva (Harvard University). It is the oldest professional journal of economics in the English language and covers all aspects of the field—from the journal's traditional emphasis on micro theory to both empirical and theoretical macroeconomics. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2015 impact factor of 6.662, ranking it first out of 347 journals in the category "Economics". It is generally regarded as one of the top 5 journals in economics, together with the American Economic Review, Econometrica, the Journal of Political Economy, and the Review of Economic Studies. The Quarterly Journal of Economics is the oldest professional journal of economics in the English language. Edited at Harvard University's Department of Economics, it covers all aspects of the field. QJE is invaluable to professional and academic economists and students around the world. Scope of the Journal The Quarterly Journal of Economics is the oldest professional journal of economics in the English language. Edited at Harvard University's Department of Economics, it covers all aspects of the field-from the journal's traditional emphasis on micro theory, to both empirical and theoretical macroeconomics. QJE is invaluable to professional and academic economists and students around the world. Impact Factor and Ranking Year Impact Factor Ssi: Economics 2020 15.563 1 out of 377 2019 11.375 1 out of 371 2018 11.775 1 out of 363 2017 7.863 1 out of 353 2016 6.662 1 out of 347 2015 5.538 2 out of 344 2014 6.654 1 out of 333 2013 5.966 3 out of 332 2012 5.278 2 out of 332 2011 5.920 2 out of 320 2010 5.940 2 out of 304 2009 5.647 2 out of 245 This information is taken from the Journal Citation Reports™ (Clarivate, 2021). Abstracting & Indexing Services The Quarterly Journal of Economics is covered by the following abstracting and indexing services: ABI-INFORM Book Review Digest Plus CAB Abstracts Coal Abstracts Criminal Justice Abstracts Current Contents: Social & Behavioral Sciences Current Index to Statistics Dietrich's Index Philosophicus Documentation in Public Administration EconLit Emerald Management Reviews Environmental RouteNet Environmental Sciences & Pollution Management Database Expanded Academic ASAP Family Index Historical Abstracts Human Resources Abstracts IBZ: International Bibliography of Periodical Literature Index of Economic Articles in Journals & Collected Volumes Index to Periodical Articles Related to Law International Bibliography of Humanities & Sociological Literature Leisure, Recreation, and Tourism Abstracts Leisure Tourism Database LexisNexis Operations Research - Management Science Peace Research Abstracts ProQuest Central Public Administration Abstracts Quality Control & Applied Statistics RePec Risk Abstracts SCOPUS Social Science Source Social Sciences Citation Index/Social SciSearch Social Sciences Index Social Work Abstracts Wilson Business Abstracts World Agricultural Economics & Rural Sociology Abstracts Zentralblatt MATH

Total-Long-Term-Assets Time Series for Greentown Service Group Co Ltd. Greentown Service Group Co. Ltd., together with its subsidiaries, provides residential property management services in the People's Republic of China and internationally. The company offers property management services, such as security, cleaning, gardening, and repair and maintenance services; consulting services comprising project planning, design management, construction management, marketing management consulting services, and management consulting services to real estate developers and property management companies. It also provides community living services, including home living services, community space services, property asset management services, and cultural and education services to property owners and residents; and technology services. In addition, the company engages in nursery, hotel and resorts management, recreational, exhibitions, market promotion, business consultant and housekeeping, computer networking technology, consultant, education consultant, financial service outsourcing, pension, and information technology service. Further, it is involved in supply chain management; education technology; advertisement design; equipment maintenance; property management related training services; wholesale and retail; parking; construction and design; lighting construction; investment management; science and technology promotion and application services; and community leasing, sales, and other services. Greentown Service Group Co. Ltd. was founded in 1998 and is headquartered in Hangzhou, the People's Republic of China.

This study reviewed 147 life cycle studies, with 28 found suitable for harmonizing food waste management methods’ climate and energy impacts. A total of 80 scientific soil productivity studies were assessed to rank management method soil benefits. Harmonized climate impacts per kilogram of food waste range from −0.20 kg of carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e) for anaerobic digestion (AD) to 0.38 kg of CO2e for landfill gas-to-energy (LFGTE). Aerobic composting (AC) emits −0.10 kg of CO2e. In-sink grinding (ISG) via a food-waste disposer and flushing for management with other sewage at a wastewater treatment plant emits 0.10 kg of CO2e. Harmonization reduced climate emissions versus nonharmonized averages. Harmonized energy impacts range from −0.32 MJ for ISG to 1.14 MJ for AC. AD at 0.27 MJ and LFGTE at 0.40 MJ fall in between. Rankings based on soil studies show AC first for carbon storage and water conservation, with AD second. AD first for fertilizer replacement, with AC second, and AC and AD tied for first for plant yield increase. ISG ranks third and LFGTE fourth on all four soil-quality and productivity indicators. Suggestions for further research include developing soil benefits measurement methods and resolving inconsistencies in the results between life-cycle assessments and soil science studies.

Table 3 - Exploring the association between health, local area characteristics and climate action plans in the UK: Cross-sectional analysis using administrative data from 2018 and a citizen science ranking of climate action plans from 2021

Capital-Expenditures Time Series for Bringspring Science and Tech. Bringspring Science and Technology Co., Ltd. primarily engages in the smart healthcare business in China. It operates through Health Care and Social Security, Government and Public Utilities, and Others segments. The company's smart medical records services include medical record statistics management, integrated medical records, medical record tracing, digital medical records, paperless medical record management, micro medical records, and self-service printing terminals. Its DRG/DIP services also comprise DRG medical insurance operation supervision systems, DRG medical service operation supervision systems, medical insurance settlement list reporting, and DIP medical insurance operation supervision systems; and medical quality control services include medical record homepage quality control system, medical insurance intelligent review system, medical insurance settlement list management system, and full-process medical record quality control system. In addition, the company's medical management services comprise hospital grade review, single disease management system, medical safety (adverse) event management system, and digital follow-up system; and data analysis and reporting services include performance appraisal homepage report, HQMS, respiratory diseases, NCIS medical services and quality safety, national drugs and consumables, and anti-tumor drugs, as well as medical platform services comprise provincial and municipal comprehensive supervision platform, public hospital performance assessment, and medical insurance payment platform. Further, it offers smart city solutions and artificial intelligence applications. The company was founded in 2005 and is headquartered in Shenyang, China.

Journal of agricultural economics Impact Factor 2024-2025 - ResearchHelpDesk - Journal of Agricultural Economics is a leading international professional journal, providing a forum for research into agricultural economics and related disciplines such as statistics, marketing, business management, politics, history and sociology, and their application to issues in the agricultural, food, and related industries; rural communities, and the environment. A leading journal for the discipline worldwide - consistently highly ranked in the Agricultural Economics & Policy category of ISI A dynamic, international, applied social science journal dealing with agriculture, food and related industries, rural development and the environment Articles on developments in research and methods of analysis as well as the application of existing methods and techniques to new problems and situations Aims and Scope Published on behalf of the Agricultural Economics Society, the Journal of Agricultural Economics is a leading international professional journal, providing a forum for research into agricultural economics and related disciplines such as statistics, marketing, business management, politics, history and sociology, and their application to issues in the agricultural, food, and related industries; rural communities, and the environment. Each issue of the JAE contains articles, notes and book reviews as well as information relating to the Agricultural Economics Society. Published 3 times a year, it is received by members and institutional subscribers in 69 countries. With contributions from leading international scholars, the JAE is a leading citation for agricultural economics and policy. Published articles either deal with new developments in research and methods of analysis, or apply existing methods and techniques to new problems and situations which are of general interest to the Journal’s international readership. Journal of Agricultural Economics - Keywords Agricultural economics, agriculture, resource economics, technical efficiency, consumer behaviour, contingent valuation, stated preference, willingness to pay, choice experiments, revealed preference, switching regression. Abstracting & Indexing Details Academic Search (EBSCO Publishing) Academic Search Alumni Edition (EBSCO Publishing) Academic Search Premier (EBSCO Publishing) AgBiotech News & Information (CABI) AgeLine Database (EBSCO Publishing) AGRICOLA Database (National Agricultural Library) Agricultural & Environmental Science Database (ProQuest) Agricultural Engineering Abstracts (CABI) Animal Breeding Abstracts (CABI) AgBiotechNet (CABI) Biofuels Abstracts (CABI) Biological & Agricultural Index Plus (EBSCO Publishing) CAB Abstracts® (CABI) Current Contents: Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences (Clarivate Analytics) Current Contents: Social & Behavioral Sciences (Clarivate Analytics) Dairy Science Abstracts (CABI) EconLit (AEA) Field Crop Abstracts (CABI) GeoRef (AGI) Global Health (CABI) Grasslands & Forage Abstracts (CABI) Horticultural Science Abstracts (CABI) Irrigation & Drainage Abstracts (CABI) Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition (Clarivate Analytics) Journal Citation Reports/Social Science Edition (Clarivate Analytics) Maize Abstracts (CABI) Natural Science Collection (ProQuest) Nutrition Abstracts & Reviews Series A: Human & Experimental (CABI) Nutrition Abstracts & Reviews Series B: Livestock Feeds & Feeding (CABI) Ornamental Horticulture (CABI) Periodical Index Online (ProQuest) Postharvest News & Information (CABI) Pig News & Information (CABI) Plant Breeding Abstracts (CABI) ProQuest Politics Collection (ProQuest) Plant Genetic Resources Abstracts (CABI) GEOBASE (Elsevier) Poultry Abstracts (CABI) Proquest Business Collection (ProQuest) ProQuest Sociology Collection (ProQuest) RePEc: Research Papers in Economics Review of Agricultural Entomology (CABI) Review of Medical & Veterinary Entomology (CABI) Rice Abstracts (CABI) Rural Development Abstracts (CABI) Science Citation Index (Clarivate Analytics) Science Citation Index Expanded (Clarivate Analytics) SCOPUS (Elsevier) Seed Abstracts (CABI) Tropical Diseases Bulletin (CABI) Social Science Premium Collection (ProQuest) Social Sciences Citation Index (Clarivate Analytics) Soils & Fertilizers Abstracts (CABI) SciTech Premium Collection (ProQuest) Soybean Abstracts Online (CABI) Sugar Industry Abstracts (CABI) Veterinary Bulletin (CABI) VINITI (All-Russian Institute of Science & Technological Information) Viticulture & Enology Abstracts (Vitis) Wheat, Barley & Triticale Abstracts (CABI) World Agricultural Economics & Rural Sociology Abstracts (CABI)

Historical Dataset of Just Arts And Management Charter Middle School is provided by PublicSchoolReview and contain statistics on metrics:Total Students Trends Over Years (2013-2023),Total Classroom Teachers Trends Over Years (2013-2023),Distribution of Students By Grade Trends,Student-Teacher Ratio Comparison Over Years (2013-2023),Asian Student Percentage Comparison Over Years (2013-2023),Hispanic Student Percentage Comparison Over Years (2013-2023),Black Student Percentage Comparison Over Years (2013-2021),White Student Percentage Comparison Over Years (2013-2023),Diversity Score Comparison Over Years (2013-2023),Free Lunch Eligibility Comparison Over Years (2013-2023),Reduced-Price Lunch Eligibility Comparison Over Years (2013-2023),Reading and Language Arts Proficiency Comparison Over Years (2013-2022),Math Proficiency Comparison Over Years (2013-2023),Science Proficiency Comparison Over Years (2021-2022),Overall School Rank Trends Over Years (2013-2023)

Doing archives offers empirical data relevant to archival practice, science and management from 2013 to the present. (global) see all the data for all repositories: rankings for topics, indicator values, and detailed information like the steps required to process a collection; (subnational) all the data for a city or region: rankings for topics, indicator values, and detailed information; (topics) in-depth, cross-repository view of the data, 2013.001 Getting administration, 2013.002 Employing workers, 2013.003 Educating workers, 2013.004 Getting processing, 2013.005 Dealing with appraisal, 2013.006 Registering intellectual property, 2013.007 Enforcing contracts, 2013.008 Cooperation across repositories, 2013.009 Enforcing policies, 2013.010 Dealing with acquisitions, 2013.011 Sustainability; (distance to frontier); (good practices); (transparency); (rankings) the Ease of Doing archives index ranks all repositories at the national level. Where does your repository rank? Rank repositories within their region, budget, or size; (historical)

Summary of research priorities for seamounts over the next decade based largely on science input required for the growing demands of conservation and management strategies to be developed for seamount ecosystems; no ranking of priorities is implied.

The Alien Plants Ranking System (APRS) is a computer-implemented system to help land managers make difficult decisions concerning invasive nonnative plants. The management of invasive plants is difficult, expensive, and requires a long-term commitment. Therefore, land managers must focus their limited resources, targeting the species that cause major impacts or threats to resources within their management, or the species that impede attainment of management goals. APRS provides an analytical tool to separate the innocuous species from the invasive ones (typically around 10% of the nonnative species). APRS not only helps identify those species that currently impact a site, but also those that have a high potential do so in the future. Finally, the system addresses the feasibility of control of each species, enabling the manager to weigh the costs of control against the level of impact. This system has been developed and tested primarily in grassland and prairie parks in the central United States.