In the 2023/24 reporting year, the crime rate for Greater Manchester was 114.6 crimes per 1,000 population, a decline on the previous year, when the crime rate was at its highest for the recorded time period.

In the 2023/24 reporting year, Greater Manchester Police reported 333,630 crime offences, of which 129,184 were violence against the person offences, the most common type of crime in this reporting year.

This dataset recorded the monthly crime incidents across Greater Manchester in the UK throughout 2016. There were a total of 362,115 recorded crimes, across 14 categories of crime in the dataset of 2016. The fields of the data include ‘Month’, ‘Reported by’,','Falls within', 'Longitude', 'Latitude','Location', 'LSOA code', 'LSOA name', 'Crime type’.Note: when you test the GTWCLQ software package using this provided dataset, the RAM of your PC should be more than 32 GB. Otherwise, the computation might be interrupted due to insufficient space of memory.

In the 2023/24 reporting year, Greater Manchester Police reported 333,630 crime offences, compared with 369,853 in the previous year. During this time period, the number of crimes reported was highest in 2022/23.

In the 2022/23 reporting year Greater Manchester Police reported 144,336 violent crime offences, compared with 136,091 in the previous year. During this time period, the number of violent crimes reported was highest in the most recent year.

Police recorded crime figures by Police Force Area and Community Safety Partnership areas (which equate in the majority of instances, to local authorities).

In the 2023/24 reporting year, West Yorkshire Police reported a crime rate of 121.7 crimes per 1,000 population, the highest crime rate among the provided police force areas whose territories include large cities. Greater Manchester Police reported a crime rate of 117.7 crimes per 1,000 population, and had the second-highest crime rate during this year.

This is a collection of datasets and source code used for a crime prediction study based on POI locations.
[1] Crime data from data.police.uk for the following UK police forces:
-- Greater Manchester Police,
-- Merseyside Police,
-- Dorset Police,
-- West Yorkshire Police.
Time span: October 2016--September 2019.
License: https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/
Format: CVS (zipped).
Files:
GreaterManchesterPolice.zip
MerseysidePolice.zip
Dorset Police.zip
West Yorkshire Police.zip

[2] Data extracts from OpenStreetMap made available by Geofabrik.de for
the following UK counties:
-- Greater Manchester,
-- Merseyside,
-- Dorset,
-- West Yorkshire.
Data layers: pois, pois_a, transport, transport_a.
Downloaded on: November 14, 2019.
License: Open Database License 1.0.
Format: shapefile (zipped).
Files:
greater-manchester-latest-free.shp.zip
merseyside-latest-free.shp.zip
dorset-latest-free.shp.zip
west-yorkshire-latest-free.shp.zip

[3] UK administrative boundary data from ordnancesurvey.co.uk.
Downloaded on: September 23, 2019.
License: Open Government License.
Note: Contains OS data © Crown copyright and database right 2018
Format: shapefile (zipped)
File: district_borough_unitary_region.shp.zip

[4] Administrative boundary data for the following UK urban areas:
-- Manchester (Manchester District),
-- Liverpool (Liverpool District),
-- Bournemouth (Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole District),
-- Wakefield (Wakefield District).
Obtained by extracting the corresponding districts from dataset [3] listed above.
Format: RDS.
File: adm-man-liv-bou-wak.RDS.

[5] Crime data aggregated to 300x300m grid for the following UK urban areas:
-- Manchester (Manchester District),
-- Liverpool (Liverpool District),
-- Bournemouth (Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole District),
-- Wakefield (Wakefield District).
Obtained by geographical aggregation of crime data [1] listed above, limited to the corresponding district boundaries from [3].
Format: RDS.
File: crime-grid-man-liv-bou-wak.RDS.

[6] POI data aggregated to 300x300m grid for the following UK urban areas:
-- Manchester (Manchester District),
-- Liverpool (Liverpool District),
-- Wakefield (Wakefield District),
-- Bournemouth (Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole District).
Obtained by geographical aggregation of POI data [2] listed above, limited to the corresponding district boundaries from [3].
Format: RDS.
File: poi-grid-man-liv-bou-wak.RDS.

[7] R functions for data preparation.File: crime-poi-functions-data.R.
[8] R functions for model creation and evaluation.File: crime-poi-functions-model.R.
[9] R script for data preparation.File: crime-poi-data.R.
[10] R script for model creation and evaluation.File: crime-poi-model.R.
The code assumes that:-- source code files are placed in the current working directory,-- original unprocessed data files [1-3] are placed in the data subdirectory of the current working directory,
-- the RDS subdirectory exists in the current working directory (this is where RDS files are saved),
-- the Plots subdirectory exists in the current working directory (this is where plot files are saved).
The provided RDS files [4-6] may be optionally placed in the RDS subdirectory to avoid repeating the time-consuming data preparation process -- they will be used if available or re-created from the original data otherwise (but the latter may take several hours).

With a crime rate of 132.4 per 1,000 people Cleveland, in North East England, had the highest crime rate of all the police force areas in England and Wales in 2023/24. High crime rates are evident in other areas of northern England, such as West Yorkshire and Greater Manchester at 121.7 and 117.7 respectively. In the English capital, London, the crime rate was 105.1 per 1,000 people. The lowest crime rate in England was in the relatively rural areas of Wiltshire in South West England, as well as North Yorkshire. Overall crime on the in England and Wales The number of crimes in England and Wales reached approximately 6.74 million in 2022/23, falling slightly to 6.66 million in 2023/24. Overall crime has been rising steadily across England and Wales for almost a decade, even when adjusted for population rises. In 2022/23, for example, the crime rate in England and Wales was 93.6, the highest since 2006/07. When compared with the rest of the United Kingdom, England and Wales is something of an outlier, as crime rates for Scotland and Northern Ireland have not followed the same trajectory of rising crime. Additionally, there has been a sharp increase in violent crimes and sexual offences since the mid-2010s in England and Wales. While theft offences have generally been falling, the number of shoplifting offences reached a peak of 440,000 in 2023/24. Troubled justice system under pressure Alongside rising crime figures, many indicators also signal that the justice system is getting pushed to breaking point. The percentage of crimes that are solved in England and Wales was just 5.7 percent in 2023, with sexual offences having a clearance rate of just 3.6 percent. Crimes are also taking far longer than usual to pass through the justice system. In 2023, it took an average of 676 days for a crown court case to reach a conclusion from the time of the offence. This is most likely related to the large backlog of cases in crown courts, which reached over 62,200 in 2023. Furthermore, prisons in England and Wales are dangerously overcrowded, with just 1,458 spare prison places available as of June 2024.

In the 2023/24 reporting year, Greater Manchester Police reported 32 homicide offences, compared with 35 in the previous year. During this time period, the number of homicides reported was highest in 2016/17.

The crime rate in London was 105.8 crime offences per thousand people for the 2023/24 reporting year, compared with 100.9 in the previous year. Between 2015/16 and 2019/20 the crime rate in the UK capital increased in every reporting year, with the sudden drop seen in 2019/20 due to the COVID-19 pandemic causing a sharp reduction in certain types of crime such as robbery and theft. Police record over 938,00 crimes in 2023/24 The number of crimes reported by the police in London was 938,020 in 2023/24, compared with 887,870 in the previous reporting year. Although there was a slight dip in overall recorded crime in the aftermath of the pandemic, this was not the case for violent crimes which have risen consistently. One positive is that the number of homicide offences in 2023/24 has remained beneath the 159 reported in 2017/18. Additionally, the Metropolitan Police force area has a lower crime rate than many of the UK's other major police forces, such as West Yorkshire, Greater Manchester, and Merseyside. Police recruitment drive ends era of cuts   The rise in crime in London happened alongside a decline in both personnel and funding for the London Metropolitan Police. Compared with 2010 for example, there were around 3,000 fewer police officers in 2018, while annual funding was reduced to around 3.3 billion pounds between 2013/14 and 2018/19, compared with 3.62 billion in 2012/13. These cuts were due to the policy of austerity that was implemented by the UK government during that time period, but this has recently been replaced by pledges to increase spending and to recruit more police. In 2023/24, the budget for the Metropolitan Police was 4.53 billion pounds, while the number of officers in 2023 increased to around 34,900.

There were 930,398 crimes recorded by the Metropolitan Police in London in 2023/24, the most of any police force area in England and Wales. Greater Manchester Police reported 342,652 crimes, while West Midlands police recorded 328,180, making these police forces the second and third-highest in terms of crime recorded.

In the 2022/23 reporting year Greater Manchester Police reported 12,131 drug crime offences, compared with 7,560 in the previous year. During this time period, the number of theft crimes reported was highest in the 2016/17 reporting year.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

This Unrestricted Access Teaching Dataset is based on the Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW), 2013-2014. It has been prepared for teaching and student use only with the aim of helping class tutors incorporate empirical data into their courses and supporting students to develop skills in quantitative data analysis. It contains data for 8,843 cases from the CSEW 2013-14 (non-victim form dataset) for a small selection of variables.

Most variables come directly from the CSEW 2013-14. However, some variables have been recoded and additional scalar variables have been added to support teaching and learning.

This Teaching Dataset is available under the Open Government Licence.


Main Topics:

The Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW) is a face-to-face victimisation survey in which people resident in households in England and Wales are asked about their experiences of a range of crimes in the 12 months prior to the interview. Respondents to the survey are also asked about their perceptions of crime and attitudes towards crime related issues such as the police and criminal justice system.

This dataset contains 32 variables, covering the following topics: