100+ datasets found
  1. F

    Manufacturers' New Orders: Total Manufacturing

    • fred.stlouisfed.org
    json
    Updated Jul 3, 2025
    + more versions
    Share
    FacebookFacebook
    TwitterTwitter
    Email
    Click to copy link
    Link copied
    Close
    Cite
    (2025). Manufacturers' New Orders: Total Manufacturing [Dataset]. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/AMTMNO
    Explore at:
    jsonAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jul 3, 2025
    License

    https://fred.stlouisfed.org/legal/#copyright-public-domainhttps://fred.stlouisfed.org/legal/#copyright-public-domain

    Description

    Graph and download economic data for Manufacturers' New Orders: Total Manufacturing (AMTMNO) from Feb 1992 to May 2025 about new orders, orders, headline figure, new, manufacturing, industry, and USA.

  2. T

    United States ISM Manufacturing New Orders

    • tradingeconomics.com
    • id.tradingeconomics.com
    • +13more
    csv, excel, json, xml
    Share
    FacebookFacebook
    TwitterTwitter
    Email
    Click to copy link
    Link copied
    Close
    Cite
    United States ISM Manufacturing New Orders [Dataset]. https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/ism-manufacturing-new-orders
    Explore at:
    json, xml, excel, csvAvailable download formats
    Dataset authored and provided by
    TRADING ECONOMICS
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Jan 31, 1950 - Jun 30, 2025
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    ISM Manufacturing New Orders in the United States decreased to 46.40 points in June from 47.60 points in May of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for the United States ISM Manufacturing New Orders.

  3. T

    United States ISM Services New Orders

    • tradingeconomics.com
    • ar.tradingeconomics.com
    • +13more
    csv, excel, json, xml
    Updated Jul 3, 2025
    Share
    FacebookFacebook
    TwitterTwitter
    Email
    Click to copy link
    Link copied
    Close
    Cite
    TRADING ECONOMICS (2025). United States ISM Services New Orders [Dataset]. https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/ism-non-manufacturing-new-orders
    Explore at:
    xml, json, csv, excelAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jul 3, 2025
    Dataset authored and provided by
    TRADING ECONOMICS
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Jul 31, 1997 - Jun 30, 2025
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    ISM Non Manufacturing New Orders in the United States increased to 51.30 points in June from 46.40 points in May of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for the United States ISM Non-Manufacturing New Orders.

  4. F

    Manufacturers' New Orders: Durable Goods

    • fred.stlouisfed.org
    json
    Updated Jul 25, 2025
    Share
    FacebookFacebook
    TwitterTwitter
    Email
    Click to copy link
    Link copied
    Close
    Cite
    (2025). Manufacturers' New Orders: Durable Goods [Dataset]. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/DGORDER
    Explore at:
    jsonAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jul 25, 2025
    License

    https://fred.stlouisfed.org/legal/#copyright-public-domainhttps://fred.stlouisfed.org/legal/#copyright-public-domain

    Description

    Graph and download economic data for Manufacturers' New Orders: Durable Goods (DGORDER) from Feb 1992 to Jun 2025 about new orders, orders, headline figure, durable goods, new, goods, manufacturing, and USA.

  5. F

    Manufacturers' New Orders: Consumer Goods

    • fred.stlouisfed.org
    json
    Updated Jul 3, 2025
    + more versions
    Share
    FacebookFacebook
    TwitterTwitter
    Email
    Click to copy link
    Link copied
    Close
    Cite
    (2025). Manufacturers' New Orders: Consumer Goods [Dataset]. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/ACOGNO
    Explore at:
    jsonAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jul 3, 2025
    License

    https://fred.stlouisfed.org/legal/#copyright-public-domainhttps://fred.stlouisfed.org/legal/#copyright-public-domain

    Description

    Graph and download economic data for Manufacturers' New Orders: Consumer Goods (ACOGNO) from Feb 1992 to May 2025 about new orders, orders, new, consumer, goods, manufacturing, industry, and USA.

  6. T

    United States Dallas Fed Manufacturing New Orders Index

    • tradingeconomics.com
    • pl.tradingeconomics.com
    • +13more
    csv, excel, json, xml
    Updated Nov 23, 2021
    Share
    FacebookFacebook
    TwitterTwitter
    Email
    Click to copy link
    Link copied
    Close
    Cite
    TRADING ECONOMICS (2021). United States Dallas Fed Manufacturing New Orders Index [Dataset]. https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/dallas-fed-manufacturing-new-orders-index
    Explore at:
    csv, json, xml, excelAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Nov 23, 2021
    Dataset authored and provided by
    TRADING ECONOMICS
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Jun 30, 2004 - Jul 31, 2025
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    Dallas Fed Manufacturing New Orders Index in the United States increased to -3.60 points in July from -7.30 points in June of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for the United States Dallas Fed Manufacturing New Orders Index.

  7. F

    Manufacturers' New Orders: Durable Goods Excluding Defense

    • fred.stlouisfed.org
    json
    Updated Jul 25, 2025
    + more versions
    Share
    FacebookFacebook
    TwitterTwitter
    Email
    Click to copy link
    Link copied
    Close
    Cite
    (2025). Manufacturers' New Orders: Durable Goods Excluding Defense [Dataset]. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/ADXDNO
    Explore at:
    jsonAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jul 25, 2025
    License

    https://fred.stlouisfed.org/legal/#copyright-public-domainhttps://fred.stlouisfed.org/legal/#copyright-public-domain

    Description

    Graph and download economic data for Manufacturers' New Orders: Durable Goods Excluding Defense (ADXDNO) from Feb 1992 to Jun 2025 about defense, new orders, orders, durable goods, new, consumer, goods, manufacturing, industry, and USA.

  8. M

    ISM Manufacturing New Orders - economic indicator from the United States

    • mql5.com
    csv
    Updated Jul 29, 2025
    Share
    FacebookFacebook
    TwitterTwitter
    Email
    Click to copy link
    Link copied
    Close
    Cite
    MQL5 Community (2025). ISM Manufacturing New Orders - economic indicator from the United States [Dataset]. https://www.mql5.com/en/economic-calendar/united-states/ism-manufacturing-new-orders
    Explore at:
    csvAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jul 29, 2025
    Dataset authored and provided by
    MQL5 Community
    Time period covered
    Aug 1, 2023 - Jul 1, 2025
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    ISM Manufacturing New Orders Index is one of the elements included in manufacturing PMI (Purchasing Managers Index) calculation. The index is based on monthly surveys of purchasing and supply

  9. T

    United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Nondefense Capital Goods...

    • tradingeconomics.com
    csv, excel, json, xml
    Updated Aug 30, 2020
    + more versions
    Share
    FacebookFacebook
    TwitterTwitter
    Email
    Click to copy link
    Link copied
    Close
    Cite
    TRADING ECONOMICS (2020). United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Nondefense Capital Goods Excluding Aircraft [Dataset]. https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/value-of-manufacturers-new-orders-for-capital-goods-nondefense-capital-goods-excluding-aircraft-industries-fed-data.html
    Explore at:
    json, xml, csv, excelAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Aug 30, 2020
    Dataset authored and provided by
    TRADING ECONOMICS
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Jan 1, 1976 - Dec 31, 2025
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Nondefense Capital Goods Excluding Aircraft was 81198.00000 Mil. of $ in March of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Nondefense Capital Goods Excluding Aircraft reached a record high of 84752.00000 in December of 2021 and a record low of 32578.00000 in July of 1992. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Nondefense Capital Goods Excluding Aircraft - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

  10. T

    United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Construction Machinery...

    • tradingeconomics.com
    csv, excel, json, xml
    Updated Dec 3, 2020
    + more versions
    Share
    FacebookFacebook
    TwitterTwitter
    Email
    Click to copy link
    Link copied
    Close
    Cite
    TRADING ECONOMICS (2020). United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Construction Machinery Manufacturing [Dataset]. https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/value-of-manufacturers-new-orders-for-durable-goods-industries-machinery-construction-machinery-fed-data.html
    Explore at:
    json, xml, csv, excelAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Dec 3, 2020
    Dataset authored and provided by
    TRADING ECONOMICS
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Jan 1, 1976 - Dec 31, 2025
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Construction Machinery Manufacturing was 4046.00000 Mil. of $ in May of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Construction Machinery Manufacturing reached a record high of 5503.00000 in March of 2008 and a record low of 711.00000 in March of 2009. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Construction Machinery Manufacturing - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

  11. T

    United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Material Handling Equipment...

    • tradingeconomics.com
    csv, excel, json, xml
    Updated Dec 28, 2020
    Share
    FacebookFacebook
    TwitterTwitter
    Email
    Click to copy link
    Link copied
    Close
    Cite
    TRADING ECONOMICS (2020). United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Material Handling Equipment Manufacturing [Dataset]. https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/value-of-manufacturers-new-orders-for-durable-goods-industries-machinery-material-handling-equipment-fed-data.html
    Explore at:
    csv, xml, json, excelAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Dec 28, 2020
    Dataset authored and provided by
    TRADING ECONOMICS
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Jan 1, 1976 - Dec 31, 2025
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Material Handling Equipment Manufacturing was 3062.00000 Mil. of $ in May of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Material Handling Equipment Manufacturing reached a record high of 3934.00000 in June of 2023 and a record low of 825.00000 in February of 1992. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Material Handling Equipment Manufacturing - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on August of 2025.

  12. T

    United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Industrial Machinery...

    • tradingeconomics.com
    csv, excel, json, xml
    Updated Dec 3, 2020
    Share
    FacebookFacebook
    TwitterTwitter
    Email
    Click to copy link
    Link copied
    Close
    Cite
    TRADING ECONOMICS (2020). United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Industrial Machinery Manufacturing [Dataset]. https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/value-of-manufacturers-new-orders-for-durable-goods-industries-machinery-industrial-machinery-mil-of-dollar-fed-data.html
    Explore at:
    excel, json, xml, csvAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Dec 3, 2020
    Dataset authored and provided by
    TRADING ECONOMICS
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Jan 1, 1976 - Dec 31, 2025
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Industrial Machinery Manufacturing was 3278.00000 Mil. of $ in May of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Industrial Machinery Manufacturing reached a record high of 4567.00000 in April of 2000 and a record low of 591.00000 in March of 2009. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Industrial Machinery Manufacturing - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

  13. F

    Manufacturers' New Orders: Machinery

    • fred.stlouisfed.org
    json
    Updated Jul 25, 2025
    + more versions
    Share
    FacebookFacebook
    TwitterTwitter
    Email
    Click to copy link
    Link copied
    Close
    Cite
    (2025). Manufacturers' New Orders: Machinery [Dataset]. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/A33SNO
    Explore at:
    jsonAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jul 25, 2025
    License

    https://fred.stlouisfed.org/legal/#copyright-public-domainhttps://fred.stlouisfed.org/legal/#copyright-public-domain

    Description

    Graph and download economic data for Manufacturers' New Orders: Machinery (A33SNO) from Feb 1992 to Jun 2025 about new orders, orders, machinery, durable goods, new, goods, manufacturing, industry, and USA.

  14. T

    United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Electrical Equipment, Appliances...

    • tradingeconomics.com
    csv, excel, json, xml
    Updated Mar 4, 2020
    Share
    FacebookFacebook
    TwitterTwitter
    Email
    Click to copy link
    Link copied
    Close
    Cite
    TRADING ECONOMICS (2020). United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Electrical Equipment, Appliances and Components [Dataset]. https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/value-of-manufacturers-new-orders-for-durable-goods-industries-electrical-equipment-appliances-and-components-fed-data.html
    Explore at:
    xml, excel, json, csvAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Mar 4, 2020
    Dataset authored and provided by
    TRADING ECONOMICS
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Jan 1, 1976 - Dec 31, 2025
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Electrical Equipment, Appliances and Components was 17409.00000 Mil. of $ in May of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Electrical Equipment, Appliances and Components reached a record high of 17526.00000 in December of 2024 and a record low of 6199.00000 in February of 1992. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Electrical Equipment, Appliances and Components - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

  15. T

    United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Durable Goods Excluding...

    • tradingeconomics.com
    csv, excel, json, xml
    Updated May 2, 2020
    Share
    FacebookFacebook
    TwitterTwitter
    Email
    Click to copy link
    Link copied
    Close
    Cite
    TRADING ECONOMICS (2020). United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Durable Goods Excluding Transportation [Dataset]. https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/value-of-manufacturers-new-orders-for-consumer-goods-durable-goods-excluding-transportation-industries-mil-of-dollar-fed-data.html
    Explore at:
    xml, excel, csv, jsonAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    May 2, 2020
    Dataset authored and provided by
    TRADING ECONOMICS
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Jan 1, 1976 - Dec 31, 2025
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Durable Goods Excluding Transportation was 202998.00000 Mil. of $ in March of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Durable Goods Excluding Transportation reached a record high of 202998.00000 in March of 2025 and a record low of 80161.00000 in July of 1992. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Durable Goods Excluding Transportation - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

  16. T

    United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Material Handling Equipment...

    • tradingeconomics.com
    csv, excel, json, xml
    Updated Feb 4, 2020
    Share
    FacebookFacebook
    TwitterTwitter
    Email
    Click to copy link
    Link copied
    Close
    Cite
    TRADING ECONOMICS (2020). United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Material Handling Equipment Manufacturing [Dataset]. https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/value-of-manufacturers-new-orders-for-durable-goods-industries-machinery-material-handling-equipment-mil-of-dollar-fed-data.html
    Explore at:
    xml, excel, json, csvAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Feb 4, 2020
    Dataset authored and provided by
    TRADING ECONOMICS
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Jan 1, 1976 - Dec 31, 2025
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Material Handling Equipment Manufacturing was 3980.00000 Mil. of $ in March of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Material Handling Equipment Manufacturing reached a record high of 4639.00000 in June of 2023 and a record low of 825.00000 in May of 1992. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Material Handling Equipment Manufacturing - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

  17. F

    Manufacturers' New Orders: Information Technology Industries

    • fred.stlouisfed.org
    json
    Updated Jul 3, 2025
    + more versions
    Share
    FacebookFacebook
    TwitterTwitter
    Email
    Click to copy link
    Link copied
    Close
    Cite
    (2025). Manufacturers' New Orders: Information Technology Industries [Dataset]. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/UITINO
    Explore at:
    jsonAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jul 3, 2025
    License

    https://fred.stlouisfed.org/legal/#copyright-public-domainhttps://fred.stlouisfed.org/legal/#copyright-public-domain

    Description

    Graph and download economic data for Manufacturers' New Orders: Information Technology Industries (UITINO) from Feb 1992 to May 2025 about information technology, information, new orders, orders, new, manufacturing, industry, and USA.

  18. Taiwan PMI: Manufacturing: New Export Orders

    • ceicdata.com
    Share
    FacebookFacebook
    TwitterTwitter
    Email
    Click to copy link
    Link copied
    Close
    Cite
    Taiwan PMI: Manufacturing: New Export Orders [Dataset]. https://www.ceicdata.com/en/taiwan/purchasing-manager-index-manufacturing-chunghua-institution-for-economic-research/pmi-manufacturing-new-export-orders
    Explore at:
    Dataset provided by
    CEIC Data
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Jul 1, 2017 - Jun 1, 2018
    Area covered
    Taiwan
    Variables measured
    Purchasing Manager Index
    Description

    Taiwan PMI: Manufacturing: New Export Orders data was reported at 47.100 % in Oct 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 48.700 % for Sep 2018. Taiwan PMI: Manufacturing: New Export Orders data is updated monthly, averaging 52.850 % from May 2012 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 78 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 66.400 % in Mar 2017 and a record low of 39.500 % in Aug 2015. Taiwan PMI: Manufacturing: New Export Orders data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Chung-Hua Institution for Economic Research. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Taiwan – Table TW.S003: Purchasing Manager Index: Manufacturing: Chung-Hua Institution for Economic Research.

  19. T

    United States ISM Manufacturing PMI

    • tradingeconomics.com
    • pt.tradingeconomics.com
    • +13more
    csv, excel, json, xml
    Updated Jun 2, 2025
    Share
    FacebookFacebook
    TwitterTwitter
    Email
    Click to copy link
    Link copied
    Close
    Cite
    TRADING ECONOMICS (2025). United States ISM Manufacturing PMI [Dataset]. https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/business-confidence
    Explore at:
    json, xml, csv, excelAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jun 2, 2025
    Dataset authored and provided by
    TRADING ECONOMICS
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Jan 31, 1948 - Jun 30, 2025
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    Business Confidence in the United States increased to 49 points in June from 48.50 points in May of 2025. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United States ISM Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

  20. T

    United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Industrial Machinery...

    • tradingeconomics.com
    csv, excel, json, xml
    Updated Apr 23, 2022
    Share
    FacebookFacebook
    TwitterTwitter
    Email
    Click to copy link
    Link copied
    Close
    Cite
    TRADING ECONOMICS (2022). United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Industrial Machinery Manufacturing [Dataset]. https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/value-of-manufacturers-new-orders-for-durable-goods-industries-machinery-industrial-machinery-fed-data.html
    Explore at:
    json, excel, csv, xmlAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Apr 23, 2022
    Dataset authored and provided by
    TRADING ECONOMICS
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Jan 1, 1976 - Dec 31, 2025
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Industrial Machinery Manufacturing was 4003.00000 Mil. of $ in March of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Industrial Machinery Manufacturing reached a record high of 6849.00000 in December of 2021 and a record low of 794.00000 in March of 2009. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Manufacturers' New Orders: Industrial Machinery Manufacturing - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

Share
FacebookFacebook
TwitterTwitter
Email
Click to copy link
Link copied
Close
Cite
(2025). Manufacturers' New Orders: Total Manufacturing [Dataset]. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/AMTMNO

Manufacturers' New Orders: Total Manufacturing

AMTMNO

Explore at:
6 scholarly articles cite this dataset (View in Google Scholar)
jsonAvailable download formats
Dataset updated
Jul 3, 2025
License

https://fred.stlouisfed.org/legal/#copyright-public-domainhttps://fred.stlouisfed.org/legal/#copyright-public-domain

Description

Graph and download economic data for Manufacturers' New Orders: Total Manufacturing (AMTMNO) from Feb 1992 to May 2025 about new orders, orders, headline figure, new, manufacturing, industry, and USA.

Search
Clear search
Close search
Google apps
Main menu