Follow-up questions after map design variation (*this question was included for evaluating a possible response bias).

Map variation categories.

The model applies manifold learning to reduce the dimensionality of high-dimensional map color data derived from the Map Emotion Dataset, thereby extracting emotional color manifold features, then emotional color constraints for maps on color feature indicators was introduced to genetic algorithm framework to generate color schemes that align with the thematic and emotional requirements of maps. This model offers a structured framework for enhancing the emotional expressiveness of cartographic products while maintaining consistency with established color design principles.

Regression model with task success as the dependent variable (see S3 Table for odds ratios).

Over a period of almost 50 years since the beginning of the state recording, the original recordings had not been reproduced due to the lack of military and civilian interest. It was not until around 1860 that interest changed from the civilian side. There was a real demand for 1:25,000 scale maps, particularly from the mining side. From 1868 onwards, the General Staff made these map sheets available to the Prussian Ministry of Commerce, which were originally only intended to be used to derive subsequent standards. However, since the map sheets now published had already been recorded between 1836 and 1850 and only came onto the market 20 years later without further updates, they were rejected in some parts of Prussia. In the period that followed, the call for up-to-date maps became more and more urgent. The foundation stone for the new admission was thus laid. From 1875, the entire Prussian territory was recorded again, now in the meter unit agreed by the International Meter Convention of 1875. Only the cut of the sheet, the projection and the scale were taken over from the original measuring table sheets. The terrain was no longer displayed as a hatched representation, but for the first time in the form of contour lines, with a level surface known as normal zero being introduced as a reference point for a uniform indication of altitude throughout Germany. Compared to the original recording, the modern cartographic design principles can be clearly recognized in this new recording, such as the structure of the path network, the representation and delimitation of the vegetation, the reproduction of the administrative districts, as well as the labeling and the sheet margin, which to this day characterize the content and appearance of the official topographic national map series. The manufacturing process chosen was mainly engraving on copper or drawing on lithographic stone. Originally, the new recording had its own numbering system, which was later adapted to the sheet numbers and sheet names of today's DTK25 for reasons of simplification.

The soil map shows the dominant composition of the soil in the first 2 meters below ground level. In the interests of simplification, a classification in sand, loam or clay per square kilometre has been chosen. This was drawn up on the basis of the soil type map and supplemented with drilling rigs of own drillings and drillings found in the Database Subsurface Flanders. In the context of rainwater policy and the principles of optimal separation with the aim of promoting the natural runoff and infiltration of rainwater, it is important to have an insight into the soil condition and infiltration sensitivity of the upper soil layer in Antwerp. In this way, the integration of water management into urban design can be controlled more effectively and efficiently, as well as the localisation of infiltration-prone areas for future construction projects. For example, city authorities regularly receive questions from contractors, architects and design offices about the possibility of infiltration on a particular plot. This information is also important in the design and implementation of public urban renewal works. The layout of geohydrological maps can contribute to a better alignment between spatial planning, public space design, green management and water management. It is quite possible to save costs by combining multiple management aspects with the construction of green-blue structures: tackling flooding, combating soil desiccation, developing more urban nature and biodiversity. Finally, these data are used as substantiation in the preparation of the rainwater plan; a plan indicating at district level how much infiltration and/or buffer capacity is desirable and in which forms (e.g. collective wadi, canal or pond). The contract concerns the preparation of four geohydrological maps, in particular: a soil map, a groundwater map (meter - ground level) with an annual average depth of the phreatic groundwater table below street level, a groundwater map with annual average levels relative to the topographic reference level (meter -/+ TAW) and an infiltration map of the Antwerp region. The study is part of the characterisation of the subsurface of Antwerp with a view to the localisation of infiltration-prone areas for future construction projects. These maps describe the entire regionthe territory of Antwerp (city of Antwerp with its 9 districts and submunicipalities), with the exception of the Antwerp port area. For the right bank of the Antwerp port area, the possibilities of rainwater infiltration and buffering have already been investigated (What about rainwater in the Antwerp port area?, IMDC iov Port of Antwerp and Alfaport, 2013). In function of the calibration and calculation of groundwater and groundwater data, it was important to integrate the port area into the model area. . The study area is bounded to the north, east, south and west respectively by the national border and municipalities of Berendrecht, Deurne, HobokenStabroek, Kapellen, Brasschaat, Schoten Wijnegem, Wommelgem, Borsbeek, Mortsel, Edegem, Aartselaar, Hemiksem and LinkeroeverZwijndrecht.

Regression models with SBC and p-value with task success, comfort, and confidence ratings as the dependent variables (see S4–S6 Tables for odds ratios of each model).

The seismic zoning map for Belgium was published in the Belgian national annex (NBN EN 1998-1 ANB) to the European building code Eurocode 8 (EN 1998-1), which became effective in all European member states in 2011. This map classifies Belgian communes into five seismic zones, corresponding to different values of the reference peak ground acceleration (PGA) to be taken into account in the design of structures for earthquake resistance. In combination with the importance class of the building and the ground type, the reference PGA is used to calculate the design response spectrum defining the accelerations that the structure should be able to withstand without collapse. For further details and the precise specifications, users should consult the normative documents, which can be ordered from the Bureau for Standardisation NBN (https://www.nbn.be/en). The Eurocode-8 seismic zoning map for Belgium was established by the Royal Observatory of Belgium, based on a reimplementation of the seismic hazard map of Leynaud et al. (2000) for a return period of 475 years (equivalent to 10% probability of exceedance in a timespan of 50 years). This hazard map was calculated following the principles of probabilistic seismic hazard assessment, and based on a simple model of seismic sources and their activity in and around Belgium, and a single ground-motion model (or “attenuation law”), describing PGA in function of earthquake magnitude and epicentral distance. To date, this is the only seismic hazard map that has been published specifically for Belgium, and it is still considered as the official seismic hazard map for Belgium.

description: NLCD 1992-2001 Retrofit Change Product What is the NLCD 1992/2001 Retrofit Land Cover Change Product? Although one of the guiding principles of the NLCD 2001 design was to maintain as much compatibility with NLCD 1992 as possible, there were enough differences in the classifications to confound any direct comparison of the two datasets. Taking into consideration inherent differences in source image seasonality and georegistration, mapping methodologies, classification accuracy, and map legends, it became clear that a direct post classification comparison of NLCD 1992 and NLCD 2001 would be subject to unavoidable error.; abstract: NLCD 1992-2001 Retrofit Change Product What is the NLCD 1992/2001 Retrofit Land Cover Change Product? Although one of the guiding principles of the NLCD 2001 design was to maintain as much compatibility with NLCD 1992 as possible, there were enough differences in the classifications to confound any direct comparison of the two datasets. Taking into consideration inherent differences in source image seasonality and georegistration, mapping methodologies, classification accuracy, and map legends, it became clear that a direct post classification comparison of NLCD 1992 and NLCD 2001 would be subject to unavoidable error.

Here are a few use cases for this project:

1. Automated UI Testing: "Reorganized" can be employed to perform automated UI testing for web and mobile applications, helping developers quickly identify and verify the presence of specific UI elements such as buttons, fields, and images to ensure that each component is functioning properly and meets design specifications.

2. Accessibility Enhancement: Utilizing "Reorganized" can help in improving the accessibility of websites and applications by automatically identifying and labeling different GUI elements, enabling screen reader software to provide more accurate and detailed information for visually impaired users.

3. UI Design Evaluation: "Reorganized" can assist in analyzing and comparing UI designs of different applications to evaluate consistency, user experience and adherence to design principles. By identifying specific elements, it can provide insights to designers on which areas need improvement or adjustments.

4. Content Curation and Classification: The computer vision model can be used to analyze and sort through large collections of web pages or applications to categorize and curate content based on the presence of specific GUI elements like text, images, buttons, etc. This can be helpful in creating repositories, educational material, or designing targeted advertisements.

5.website Migration and Conversion: Using "Reorganized" can significantly speed up the process of migrating or converting websites, especially when transitioning from one content management system to another. By identifying and extracting GUI elements, it becomes easier to map these elements to a new system and ensure a seamless transfer.

For natural PPRs, the environmental code defines two categories of zones (L562-1): risk-exposed areas and areas that are not directly exposed to risks but where measures may be foreseen to avoid exacerbating the risk. Depending on the hazard level, each area is subject to an enforceable settlement. This RPP has 7 restricted zones: — RFU: highly urbanised area in strong contingencies in which a prohibition principle applies taking into account the highly urbanised nature — UK: Other urbanised area and area of activity in strong contingencies in which a prohibition principle applies — VD: area with little or no strong contingencies in which the PPRNPi must ensure the free flow of water and the conservation of flood fields — O: low or medium contingencies urbanised area in which the principle of authorisation applies provided that projects take flood risk into account in their design — V: little to no urbanised area of low or medium contingencies in which the PPRNPi must ensure the free flow of water and the conservation of flood fields. Some land use related to the management of these spaces may be allowed. — Gold: residual hazard area in which the authorisation principle applies provided that projects take flood risk into account in their design including in non-urbanised areas at the time of the development of the PPRNPi — B: area corresponding to an exceptional flood of return 1000 years in which the principle of regulating only those establishments useful for crisis management, useful for a rapid return to normal, the failure of which poses a high risk to persons and facilities classified for the protection of the environment likely to generate significant pollution or risks

Proteins are involved in almost all functions in a living cell, and functions of proteins are realized by their tertiary structures. Obtaining a global perspective of the variety and distribution of protein structures lays a foundation for our understanding of the building principle of protein structures. In light of the rapid accumulation of low-resolution structure data from electron tomography and cryo-electron microscopy, here we map and classify three-dimensional (3D) surface shapes of proteins into a similarity space. Surface shapes of proteins were represented with 3D Zernike descriptors, mathematical moment-based invariants, which have previously been demonstrated effective for biomolecular structure similarity search. In addition to single chains of proteins, we have also analyzed the shape space occupied by protein complexes. From the mapping, we have obtained various new insights into the relationship between shapes, main-chain folds, and complex formation. The unique view obtained from shape mapping opens up new ways to understand design principles, functions, and evolution of proteins.

In the primary visual cortex of primates and carnivores, functional architecture can be characterized by maps of various stimulus features such as orientation preference (OP), ocular dominance (OD), and spatial frequency. It is a long-standing question in theoretical neuroscience whether the observed maps should be interpreted as optima of a specific energy functional that summarizes the design principles of cortical functional architecture. A rigorous evaluation of this optimization hypothesis is particularly demanded by recent evidence that the functional architecture of orientation columns precisely follows species invariant quantitative laws. Because it would be desirable to infer the form of such an optimization principle from the biological data, the optimization approach to explain cortical functional architecture raises the following questions: i) What are the genuine ground states of candidate energy functionals and how can they be calculated with precision and rigor? ii) How do differences in candidate optimization principles impact on the predicted map structure and conversely what can be learned about a hypothetical underlying optimization principle from observations on map structure? iii) Is there a way to analyze the coordinated organization of cortical maps predicted by optimization principles in general? To answer these questions we developed a general dynamical systems approach to the combined optimization of visual cortical maps of OP and another scalar feature such as OD or spatial frequency preference. From basic symmetry assumptions we obtain a comprehensive phenomenological classification of possible inter-map coupling energies and examine representative examples. We show that each individual coupling energy leads to a different class of OP solutions with different correlations among the maps such that inferences about the optimization principle from map layout appear viable. We systematically assess whether quantitative laws resembling experimental observations can result from the coordinated optimization of orientation columns with other feature maps.

Extending product life is one of the effective ways to reduce the waste of resources. However, many unsatisfactory products are scrapped because of a lack of adequate performance. The product should be improved and upgraded innovatively, and the existing upgradable products may create more economic benefits for the longer product life cycles. This paper proposed a product innovative design and product upgrade employing an Extenics-TRIZ Integrated requirement-function-principle-structure (RFPS) model, which aims at complex requirement flexibility with easy-to-use design process when the product needs a redesign. Here, the requirement flexibility refers to the ability of a design object to adapt its design levels. There are two design strategies: the extension analysis methods are utilized to map the top-level requirements to functions, principles, and structures requirements, and then the TRIZ is used to handle the design problems according to the objects on different levels. This design knowledge is summarized as RFPS, and it can be reused in computer-aided innovation further. A case study for a cutting table is illustrated to the innovation and upgrade, and it indicates the effectiveness for designers to implement the design methodology.

Extending product life is one of the effective ways to reduce the waste of resources. However, many unsatisfactory products are scrapped because of a lack of adequate performance. The product should be improved and upgraded innovatively, and the existing upgradable products may create more economic benefits for the longer product life cycles. This paper proposed a product innovative design and product upgrade employing an Extenics-TRIZ Integrated requirement-function-principle-structure (RFPS) model, which aims at complex requirement flexibility with easy-to-use design process when the product needs a redesign. Here, the requirement flexibility refers to the ability of a design object to adapt its design levels. There are two design strategies: the extension analysis methods are utilized to map the top-level requirements to functions, principles, and structures requirements, and then the TRIZ is used to handle the design problems according to the objects on different levels. This design knowledge is summarized as RFPS, and it can be reused in computer-aided innovation further. A case study for a cutting table is illustrated to the innovation and upgrade, and it indicates the effectiveness for designers to implement the design methodology.

River City Housing has created a partnership with green builder Sy Safi, of Uber Green Spaces to begin construction on a pilot new construction, passive design house that is zero-energy ready. A passive house incorporates a set of design principles for energy efficiency to reduce the building’s ecological footprint. It results in extremely-low energy buildings that require very little to no energy for heating and cooling the space. This house will be a green, energy-efficient, high-performing, healthy home.