Abstract Australia's Land Borders is a product within the Foundation Spatial Data Framework (FSDF) suite of datasets. It is endorsed by the ANZLIC – the Spatial Information Council and the Intergovernmental Committee on Surveying and Mapping (ICSM) as the nationally consistent representation of the land borders as published by the Australian states and territories. It is topologically correct in relation to published jurisdictional land borders and the Geocoded National Address File (G-NAF). The purpose of this product is to provide:

a building block which enables development of other national datasets; integration with other geospatial frameworks in support of data analysis; and visualisation of these borders as cartographic depiction on a map.

Although this service depicts land borders, it is not nor does it purport to be a legal definition of these borders. Therefore it cannot and must not be used for those use-cases pertaining to legal context. This foundation dataset consists of edges (polylines) representing mediated segments of state and/or territory borders, connected at the nodes and terminated at the coastline defined as the Mean High Water Mark (MHWM) tidal boundary. These polylines are attributed to convey information about provenance of the source.
It is envisaged that land borders will be topologically interoperable with the future national coastline dataset/s, currently being built through the ICSM coastline capture collaboration program. Topological interoperability will enable closure of land mass polygon, permitting spatial analysis operations such as vector overlay, intersect, or raster map algebra. This feature layer is a sub-layer of the Land Borders service. Currency Date modified: 10 November 2021 Modification frequency: None Data extent Spatial extent North: -14.88° South: -38.06° East: 153.55° West: 129.00° Source information Catalog entry: Australia's Land Borders The Land Borders dataset is created using a range of source data including:

Australian Capital Territory data was sourced from the ACT Government GeoHub – ‘ACT Boundary’. No changes have been made to the polylines or vertices of the source data. In the absence of any custodian published border for Jervis Bay – New South Wales, a border has been constructed from the boundary of the NSW cadastre supplied by NSW Spatial Services. Geoscience Australia’s GEODATA TOPO 250K data was considered as an alternative, however, that border terminated short of the coastline as it stops at the shoreline of the major water bodies. Therefore, a decision was made to use the NSW and OT supplied cadastre to create a new representation of the Jervis Bay border that continued to the coastline (MHWM), in place of the TOPO 250K data. In the absence of publicly available data from New South Wales, the land borders for New South Wales have been constructed using the data of adjoining states Queensland, South Australia, Victoria and the Australian Capital Territory. This approach is agreeable to New South Wales Government for this interim product. In the absence of publicly available data from the Northern Territory the land borders for the Northern Territory have been constructed using the data of adjoining states Western Australia, Queensland and South Australia. This approach is agreeable to Northern Territory Government for this interim product. Queensland state border and coastline data have been download from the Queensland Spatial, Catalogue – QSpatial. Publicly available data for the state borders of South Australia was downloaded from data.gov.au and is ‘SA State Boundary - PSMA Administrative Boundaries’. Downloaded as a file geodatabase in GDA2020. Victorian state border data has been downloaded from the Victorian state Government Spatial Datamart, it is titled ‘FR_FRAMEWORK_AREA_LINE’. The Victorian state border data was used for the NSW/VIC section of border due to the absence of any publicly available data from New South Wales for this section of the border. Western Australian state border data was downloaded from the WA Government as publicly available. The Western Australia state border data has been used for the WA/NT section of the border due to the absence of publicly available data from Northern Territory for this section of the border. Selecting the SA data for the WA/SA border would introduce mismatches with the WA cadastre. It would also not improve the SA relationship with the SA cadastre. Using the WA data for the WA/SA section of the border aligns each state with its own cadastre without causing overlaps.

Lineage statement At the southwest end of the NT/SA/WA border the South Australian data for the border was edited by moving the end vertex ~1.7m to correctly create the intersection of the 3 states (SA/WA/NT). At the southeast end of the NT/QLD/SA border the South Australian data for the border was edited by moving the end vertex ~0.4m to correctly create the intersection of the 3 states (NT/SA/QLD). Queensland data was used for the NT/QLD border and the QLD/NSW border due to the absence of publicly available data from the Northern Territory for these section of the border. Data published by Queensland also included a border sections running westwards along the southern Northern Territory border and southwards along the western New South Wales border. These two sections were excluded from the product as they are not within the state of Queensland. Queensland data was also used in the entirety for the SA/QLD segment of the land borders. Although the maximum overlap between SA and QLD state border data was less than ~5m (and varied along the border), the Queensland data closely matched its own cadastre and that of South Australia. The South Australian data overlapped the Queensland data, it also did not match the South Australian cadastre. Therefore, a decision to use the Queensland data for the QLD/SA section of the border ensured the best possible topological consistency with the published cadastre of each state. The South Australian/Victorian state border, north-south, were generally very similar with some minor deviations from each other from less than 1m to ~60m (there is one instance of deviation of 170m). The section of border that follows the Murray River is matched, for the most part by both states. Over three quarters of the border running along the river is matched with both states. There is a mismatch between the states in the last quarter of the border along the river, the northern section, however, both states still have the border running inside, or along, the river polygon (Surface hydrology), the Victorian data was chosen for this section purely for consistency as the Victorian data was used for the preceding arcs. Overall, the Victorian data was selected for use as the South Australia/Victoria land border. After taking the existing cadastre and GNAF points into account and it did not introduce extra errors into the relationship between the land borders and the cadastre of either state. In parts, it improved the relationship between the South Australian cadastre and the SA/VIC state border. This interim product will be updated when all states and territories have published agreed, authoritative representations of their land borders. This product will also be updated to include land mass polygons at time when the Coastline Capture Program is complete. This dataset is GDA 2020 compliant - transformed into GDA2020 from it's original source datum. Reference System Code 2020.00. Data dictionary All layers

Attribute name Description

COMMENT Legal disclaimer for the positional data

CREATED Date on which the positional data point was created in the data set

CUSTODIAN Department or jurisdiction from which the data point information is derived

DATE_DOWNLOADED Date on which the positional data point was created in the data set

FEATURE_TYPE All features in this data set are labelled "STATE BORDER"

LAST_UPDAT_FROM_SOURCE Date on which the positional data point was refreshed from source data

METADATA_LINK External link to metadata from the data source

SOURCE_DATA External link to metadata from the data source

SOURCE_STATE State or Territory which hosts the data source

STATE Land borders divide exactly two states and/or territories

STATEMENT Legal disclaimer for the positional data

Contact Geoscience Australia, clientservices@ga.gov.au

Outline map of Australia (with state borders)

You can also purchase hard copies of Geoscience Australia data and other products at http://www.ga.gov.au/products-services/how-to-order-products/sales-centre.html

Outline map of Australia (with state borders)

Please note this dataset is the most recent version of the Administrative Boundaries (AB). For previous versions of the AB please go to this url: https://data.gov.au/data/dataset/previous-versions-of-the-geoscape-administrative-boundaries

Geoscape Administrative Boundaries is Australia’s most comprehensive national collection of boundaries, including government, statistical and electoral boundaries. It is built and maintained by Geoscape Australia using authoritative government data. Further information about contributors to Administrative Boundaries is available here.

This dataset comprises seven Geoscape products:

• Localities
• Local Government Areas (LGAs)
• Wards
• Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Boundaries
• Electoral Boundaries
• State Boundaries and
• Town Points

Updated versions of Administrative Boundaries are published on a quarterly basis.

Users have the option to download datasets with feature coordinates referencing either GDA94 or GDA2020 datums.

Notable changes in the May 2025 release

• Victorian Wards have seen almost half of the dataset change now reflecting the boundaries from the 2024 subdivision review. https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/electoral-boundaries/council-reviews/ subdivision-reviews.

  • There have been spatial changes (area) greater than 1 km2 to 66 wards in Victoria.

• One new locality ‘Kenwick Island’ has been added to the local Government area ‘Mackay Regional’ in Queensland.

  • There have been spatial changes(area) greater than 1 km2 to the local government areas 'Burke Shire' and 'Mount Isa City' in Queensland.

• There have been spatial changes(area) greater than 1 km2 to the localities ‘Nicholson’, ‘Lawn Hill’ and ‘Coral Sea’ in Queensland and ‘Calguna’, ‘Israelite Bay’ and ‘Balladonia’ in Western Australia.

• An update to the NT Commonwealth Electoral Boundaries has been applied to reflect the redistribution of the boundaries gazetted on 4 March 2025.

• Geoscape has become aware that the DATE_CREATED and DATE_RETIRED attributes in the commonwealth_electoral_polygon MapInfo TAB tables were incorrectly ordered and did not match the product data model. These attributes have been re-ordered to match the data model for the May 2025 release.

IMPORTANT NOTE: correction of issues with the 22 November 2022 release

• On 28 November 2022, the Administrative Boundaries dataset originally released on 22 November 2022 was amended and re-uploaded after Geoscape identified some issues with the original data for 'Electoral Boundaries'.
• As a result of the error, some shapefiles were published in 3D rather than 2D, which may affect some users when importing data into GIS applications.
• The error affected the Electoral Boundaries dataset, specifically the Commonwealth boundary data for Victoria and Western Australia, including 'All States'.
• Only the ESRI Shapefile formats were affected (both GDA94 and GDA2020). The MapInfo TAB format was not affected.
• Because the datasets are zipped into a single file, once the error was fixed by Geoscape all of Administrative Boundaries shapefiles had to be re-uploaded, rather than only the affected files.
• If you downloaded either of the two Administrative Boundary ESRI Shapefiles between 22 November and 28 November 2022 and plan to use the Electoral Boundary component, you are advised to download the revised version dated 28 November 2022. Apologies for any inconvenience.

Further information on Administrative Boundaries, including FAQs on the data, is available here or through Geoscape Australia’s network of partners. They provide a range of commercial products based on Administrative Boundaries, including software solutions, consultancy and support.

Note: On 1 October 2020, PSMA Australia Limited began trading as Geoscape Australia.

The Australian Government has negotiated the release of Administrative Boundaries to the whole economy under an open CCBY 4.0 licence.

Users must only use the data in ways that are consistent with the Australian Privacy Principles issued under the Privacy Act 1988 (Cth).

Users must also note the following attribution requirements:

Preferred attribution for the Licensed Material:

Administrative Boundaries © Geoscape Australia licensed by the Commonwealth of Australia under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC BY 4.0).

Preferred attribution for Adapted Material:

Incorporates or developed using Administrative Boundaries © Geoscape Australia licensed by the Commonwealth of Australia under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence (CC BY 4.0).

What to Expect When You Download Administrative Boundaries

Administrative Boundaries is large dataset (around 1.5GB unpacked), made up of seven themes each containing multiple layers.

Users are advised to read the technical documentation including the product change notices and the individual product descriptions before downloading and using the product.

Please note this dataset is the most recent version of the Administrative Boundaries (AB). For previous versions of the AB please go to this url: https://data.gov.au/dataset/ds-dga-b4ad5702-ea2b-4f04-833c-d0229bfd689e/details?q=previous

License Information

Abstract This dataset and its metadata statement were supplied to the Bioregional Assessment Programme by a third party and are presented here as originally supplied. Data layer includes polygons and lines that represent the State mainland, islands and adjacent ocean. The Coastline is an interpretation of the mean high water mark for the state. The 2004 GeoScience Australia GeoData Coast 100k has been used to define all state borders. The Ocean extent is arbitrary and does not define State Waters. ## Purpose Can be used for general mapping purposes. ## Dataset History The layer has been compiled from the State coastline recaptured in 2005, together with State borders based upon the standard map grid and DCDB county layers. ## Dataset Citation SA Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources (2015) Topography - South Australia - PED. Bioregional Assessment Source Dataset. Viewed 12 October 2016, http://data.bioregionalassessments.gov.au/dataset/e6a8716d-4d1c-4a41-a9df-c8240b3579d9.

Metadata Portal Metadata Information

Access API

Metadata Portal Metadata Information

This dataset was superseded by the State Vegetation Type Map (https://datasets.seed.nsw.gov.au/dataset/nsw-state-vegetation-type-map) on 24.06.2022.

The NSW Office of Environment and Heritage (OEH) is producing a new map of the State’s native vegetation. This seamless map of NSW’s native vegetation types will enable government, industry and the community to better understand the composition and the relative significance of the native vegetation in their local area.

The State Vegetation Type Map (SVTM) (http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/vegetation/state-vegetation-type-map.htm ) is constructed from the best available imagery, site survey records, and environmental information. Existing vegetation mapping has been integrated in some locations. Each vegetation survey is assigned to a Plant Community Type (PCT) and this is used to create a model of the distribution of each type. Their place in the landscape is then attributed based on the visual interpretation of vegetation structure. The SVTM is designed to be dynamically improved and upgraded as new local information becomes available.

Each quickview map is attributed with a code for all three tiers of the NSW vegetation type classification system: Formations, Classes, and Plant Community Types (PCTs).

The following fields are available for all maps:

PCTID: The unique identifier for the Plant Community Type. The PCT Id is captured as part of the mapping program.

PCTName: A colloquial description of the plant community that can be understood by non-botanists. It may include common names of dominant plant species, names of a geographical region, a substrate, a soil type or a climatic zone.

PCTIDMod1: The most likely Plant Community Type to occur in the polygon, identified by its PCT Id. This value is as derived from a spatial model that may provide one or more PCT alternatives. It provides an indication of PCT uncertainty, as several PCTs will usually have some probability of occurring at any particular location.

PCTIDMod2: The second most likely Plant Community Type identifier as derived from a spatial model.

PCTIDMod3: The third most likely Plant Community Type identifier as derived from a spatial model.

mapSource: The various sources of information used in deriving the vegetation map, including spatial models, visual interpretation and existing map products.

vegetationClass: Equivalence of a community to one of the Vegetation Classes as originally defined in the Keith (2004) Statewide Vegetation Map.

vegetationFormation: Equivalence of a community to one of the Vegetation Classes as original defined in the Keith (2004) Statewide Vegetation Map.

USER ACCURACY of Plant Community Type Models:

These results should be interpreted as a reflection of the model user accuracy, not map accuracy. [Map Accuracy = API Accuracy (visual interpretation of ADS40) x Model Accuracy (PCT Model Results)]. The accuracy of the API produced landscape class map has not been assessed at this stage. The model user accuracy below was derived by cross validation for CWL and RIV and by an 80/20 split for BRGN. User accuracy using cross validation is an estimate of how well the model would perform on a new, unmapped location. PCT User Accuracy is represented as a % (percentage). The number of field survey samples is recorded in the field Number of sites per PCT. The summary table below shows the number of PCTs modelled in each study area and the number of sites available (RIV includes pseudo-sites). PCT User Accuracy is weighted by the Number of sites per PCT. Accuracy is not reported for PCTs with less than 5 records. For a full description per PCT of user accuracy, please see attached 'User_Accuracy_per_PCT_VIS_ID_4467.pdf' located below under 'Data and Resources'.

Table 1: SVTM Number of PCTs, number of sites per PCT and PCT User Accuracy (weighted by number of sites)

|:Area::::::| Number of PCTs | Number of Sites | PCT user accuracy weighted by number of sites |

+-----------+-----------------------+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------+

|:NBRG*:| 268:::::::::::::::::::::::| 2534:::::::::::::::::::| 54.9::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::|

+-----------+-----------------------+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------+

|:CWL**::| 198:::::::::::::::::::::::::| 10463:::::::::::::::| 62.2::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::|

+-----------+-----------------------+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------+

|:RIV:::::::| 130::::::::::::::::::::::::| 10699:::::::::::::::| 57.5:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::|

+-----------+-----------------------+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------+

|:Total::::| 596:::::::::::::::::::::::::| 23696::::::::::::::::| 58.2::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::|

Results based on 80/20 Cal/Val split*

Cross validation results**

Quickview maps are simplified versions of the vegetation maps and only contain a subset of the attributes available. They are easier to navigate but still contain the top 3 most likely PCTs for each polygon.

A technical report is in press: State of New South Wales and Office of Environment and Heritage (2016) NSW State Vegetation Type Map – Central NSW, Part A: Summary, NSW Office of Environment and Heritage, Sydney, Australia. Meanwhile, for more technical detail about how the maps are created, or more detailed data, contact Bionet@environment.nsw.gov.au or visit http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/vegetation/state-vegetation-type-map.htm. VIS_ID 4467

GEODATA Coast 100K 2004 is a vector representation of the topographic features depicting Australia`s coastline, and State and Territory borders.

Data are derived from the 1:100,000 scale National Topographic Map Series and contains:
-Coastline features (as determined by Mean High Water)
-Survey Monument Points (survey points used to define State/Territory borders) -State and Territory land borders
-Island features (please note: Australian external territories are not shown).

The coastline includes the main outline of the land and includes bays, the outer edge of mangroves and closes off narrow inlets and watercourses at or near their mouths.

Features of the 2004 release include:
-Change of datum to GDA94 -Provision of a national coverage in addition to State/Territory coverages; and Additional points on the SA/VIC border.

NOTE: The use of survey data in GEODATA COAST 100K 2004 does not imply that data are suitable for any legal interpretation of State/Territory borders.

Product Specifications: Coverage: Supplied as separate State and Territory layers, along with a complete national layer Currency: Varies and is based on reliability date of 1:100,000 scale map Coordinates: Geographical Datum: GDA94 Format: ArcInfo Export, ArcView Shapefile and Mapinfo mid/mif Medium: Free online

You can also purchase hard copies of Geoscience Australia data and other products at http://www.ga.gov.au/products-services/how-to-order-products/sales-centre.html

Cost to export, border compliance (US$) in Australia was reported at 766 USD in 2019, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Australia - Cost to export, border compliance (US$) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on August of 2025.

This dataset was superseded by the State Vegetation Type Map (https://datasets.seed.nsw.gov.au/dataset/nsw-state-vegetation-type-map) on 24.06.2022.

Please note, Border Rivers/Gwydir/Namoi Regional Vegetation Version 2 VIS_ID 4204 web service and zipped dataset will be archived and will no longer be available on line after 31st March 2025.

This dataset was developed as part of the OEH State Vegetation Map to provide government and community with regional -scale information about native vegetation.

The Border Rivers Gwydir and Namoi Regional Vegetation Map is a subset of the state-wide vegetation mapping and classification program undertaken by the NSW Office of Environment and Heritage (OEH Regional Scale State Vegetation Map) and covers the two former Catchment Management Authority Regions. The primary thematic data layer in this dataset is a map of regional scale Plant Community Types (PCT's). The map was developed from a process using vegetation surveys, remote sensing derivations, visual interpretation and spatial distribution models. The full dataset comprises the following data layers as delivered in an ArcGIS 9.3 File Geo-database: PLANT COMMUNITY TYPE: The primary map of Plant Community Types developed from an ensemble of visual interpretation of high resolution imagery and spatial distribution models. WOODY EXTENT LAYER: A map of woody vegetation derived from classification of 5m SPOT-5 imagery. KEITH CLASS: A map based on aerial photo interpretation and spatial distribution models. MAP SOURCE: A map of the various sources of information used including spatial models, visual interpretation and existing map products. SURVEY DENSITY ALL: A map of the density of all survey sites used. SURVEY DENSITY FULL FLORISTICS: A map of the density of only full floristic survey sites used. MODELLING CONFIDENCE: A map of the confidence outcomes achieved. While much of the aerial photo interpretation employed was undertaken at around 1:8000, PCT attribution is generally at a much coarser scale. The Map Source layer (as described above) can be used as a guide to how vegetation attribution was derived. We recommend that the highest resolution appropriate for this product be 1:15000. Validation Summary: PCT Map: Based on 100% of the survey data (modelling and hand mapping), the final mapped product has an accuracy in the range 68%-70% for prediction of the three most likely PCTs. Be aware that these accuracies are highly variable across each PCT. Some PCT's utilised more site data than others. Keith Class reached a 76% accuracy using the independent test data. Modelled PCT and modelled top 3 PCT overall accuracies were 53% and 68% respectively. Woody Extent received a 92% overall accuracy. Accompanying documents: BRG-Namoi Technical Notes.pdf - Technical Report BRGN_PCT_KC_LUT.xls - A look-up table listing the relationship between PCT, Keith Class and Keith Formation classifications. BRGNv2_Spatial_Layer_Descriptors.txt BRGN_V2.mxd Border Rivers Gwydir / Namoi Regional Native Vegetation Mapping Technical Notes Version 1.0. Reference: NSW Office of Environment and Heritage, 2015. BRG-Namoi Regional Native Vegetation Mapping. Technical Notes, NSW Office of Environment and Heritage, Sydney, Australia. The download package contains a "quick view" map composite of the study area only. The quick view maps are of PCT, Keith Class, Keith Form, Map Source and Modelling Confidence. They also show the broad-scale line work. For more detailed line work and woody percent per polygon, please refer to the full dataset.

For access queries regarding the full dataset, please contact: data.broker@environment.nsw.gov.au BRG_Namoi_v2_0_E_4204. VIS_ID 4204

This GIS data package contains airborne electromagnetic (AEM) datasets and interpreted data products for the Lindsay-Wallpolla and Lake Victoria-Darling Anabranch survey area, as part of the River Murray Corridor (RMC) Salinity Mapping and Interpretation Project. The RMC project was undertaken between 2006 and 2010 to provide information on a range of salinity and land management issues along a 450 kilometre reach of the Murray River from the South Australian border to Gunbower, northwest of Echuca in Victoria. The Lindsay-Wallpolla survey area extends from the South Australian border to approximately 10 kilometres west of Mildura, incorporating Lake Victoria and the lower reaches of the Darling and Darling Anabranch river systems. This metadata briefly describes the contents of the data package. The user guide included in the package contains more detailed information about the individual datasets and available technical reports. The main components in the package are: AEM data and images derived from a holistic inversion of the RMC RESOLVE AEM survey; a composite digital elevation model (DEM); a range of interpreted data products designed to map key elements of the hydrogeological system and salinity hazard; and a series of ESRI ArcGIS map documents. The AEM data component consists of grids and images of modelled conductivity data derived from a holistic inversion of the RMC RESOLVE AEM survey. They include: layer conductivity grids below ground surface; depth slice grids representing the average conductivity of various regular depth intervals below ground surface; floodplain slice grids representing the average conductivity of various depth intervals relative to the elevation above or below a surface that approximates the River Murray floodplain; watertable slice grids representing the average conductivity of various intervals relative to the elevation above or below the regional watertable; and AEM cross sections of conductivity versus depth along each of the flight lines. The holistic inversion AEM data are derived from the 'River Murray Corridor RESOLVE AEM Survey, VIC & NSW, 2007 Final Data (P1141)', available as GA product (GeoCat #67212). The DEM data component consists of a 10 metre resolution composite DEM for the River Murray Corridor AEM Survey area, derived from airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) surveys, AEM surveys and the shuttle radar topography mission (SRTM) survey. The interpreted data component is organised into product themes to address salinity and land management questions and to map key elements of the hydrogeological system and salinity hazards. An ArcGIS map document is included for each product theme. The products include: Blanchetown Clay; conductive soils; flush zones; groundwater conductivity; strategic extents and reliability; near surface conductive zones; near surface resistive zones; Parilla Sands; Quaternary alluvium; recharge; salt store; surface salt; vegetation health; and Woorinen Formation. The RMC project was funded through the National Action Plan for Salinity and Water Quality, with additional funding from the Lower Murray Catchment Management Authority (CMA), Mallee CMA, Goulburn-Murray Water and the Murray-Darling Basin Authority. The project was administered by the Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry through the Bureau of Rural Sciences, now known as the Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences (ABARES). Geoscience Australia (GA) were contracted to provide geophysical services to manage the AEM system selection and data acquisition, and to process and calibrate the AEM data. The AEM survey was flown by Fugro Airborne Geophysical Services in 2007 using the helicopter-borne RESOLVE frequency domain system. The Cooperative Research Centre for Landscape Environments and Mineral Exploration was sub-contracted through GA to manage the interpretation and reporting component of the RMC project.

Export DataAccess API

Includes the URLs for all collar on and collar off products within the Topo Index map sheets.

This is the most updated version for GeoPDF Topo Index. If there is any further query, please contact Spatial Services Customer Hub (https://customerhub.spatial.nsw.gov.au/servicedesk/customer/portals).

Metadata

Cost to import, border compliance (US$) in Australia was reported at 539 USD in 2019, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Australia - Cost to import, border compliance (US$) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

AbstractNatural Resource Management (NRM) Region boundaries and those NRM Region boundaries making up Regional Delivery Partner (RDP) management units, previously described as National Landcare Program (NLP) management units. Of these RDP management units those that overlap Remote Indigenous Procurement Policy (RIPP) areas by more than 50% are also identified as remote RDPs.The NRM Regions dataset is maintained for the purpose of authoritative reporting on the Australian Government"s NRM investments. The dataset is designed to cover all Australian territory where Australian Government funded NRM projects might take place and includes major islands, external territories, and state and coastal waters in addition to the NRM regional boundaries.Whilst the boundaries of NRM Regions are defined by legislation in some states and territories, this dataset should not be used to represent legal boundaries in any way. It is an administrative dataset developed for the purpose of reporting and public information. It should be noted that from time to time the states and/or territories may revise their regional boundaries in accordance with local needs and therefore alterations to either the attribution or boundaries of the data may occur in the future.Current VersionAs part of Phase Two of the NLP the Australian Government"s NRM investments will be delivered with RDPs across 56 management units. These replace the previous NLP management units used in NLP Phase One. They are officially referred to as "Regional Delivery Partners for Environmental Protection, Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Resource Management Services 2022". The spatial data for RDP management units are derived from the NRM Regions spatial data, as described below.The 2022 dataset defines NRM Region boundaries and RDP management units in a single dataset, thereby overcoming version control issues with the previous approach of publishing separate data layers for each.To handle a variety of required derivations, a fundamental set of 64 NRM Region map objects was first defined. This can then be compiled using various queries on non-spatial attributes. For example, as set out below, we can define 56 continental NRM Regions and 8 off-shore NRM regions, or island sub components of NRM regions located on the continent. Across these a total of 56 RDP management units can also be defined.To identify those NRM regions located on the Australian continent, a "continental" field (yes/no) has been included, for the first time, in the 2022 dataset. It allows differentiation between off-shore and continental regions, and accommodates that some NRM regions (ie one each in NSW and Tasmania) have both a continental part (eg North Coast, NSW) and an off-shore part (eg North Coast - Lord Howe Island).In accordance with the Australian Government’s Remote Indigenous Procurement Policy (RIPP) and its application to NRM regional investment, we have identified 16 RDP management units with more than 50% overlap with RIPP areas, as defined by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). A RIPP field (yes/no) is included in the attribute table.The data structure allows either NRM Regions, RDP management units and those RDPs overlapping RIPPs to be mapped from the single dataset using the NRM_REGION, RDP_NAME and RIPP fields respectively. NRM_ID, RDP_ID and RIPP fields may also be used.The 2022 version updates the previous version (2020). In total, the 2022 version dataset comprises 64 NRM map objects for 62 NRM regions. These comprise 56 mainland regions (of which two have associated islands as separate map objects), the Torres Strait NRM region, and a further five external territories. Four of these external territories are islands and one is classified as Marine NRM.Using the RDP_NAME or RDP_ID fields to map Regional Delivery Partner management units will result in 56 RDP management units.These comprise: 54 mainland RDP management units (two of which have island components); Torres Strait; and a "Marine NRM" management unit. The Marine NRM unit combines Australia"s Territorial Sea (from 3 nautical miles to 12 nautical miles) and Australia"s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) (to 200 nautical miles) as well as Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Christmas Island, Cocos Keeling Islands and Heard and McDonald Islands. It excludes coastal waters (to 3 nautical miles) which are part of the terrestrial RDP management units. It also excludes the Australian Antarctic Territory and Norfolk Island.The 2022 version was derived from the former NRM regions series (latest version was 2020), originally established in 2006 as the "Natural Heritage Trust II (NHT2) Region Boundaries" dataset. Changes to the 2020 version in creating the 2022 version include the following:Natural Resource Management Regions"Adelaide and Mount Lofty Ranges" NRM_Region split into "Green Adelaide" and "Hills ad Fleurieu"Added two new NRM_IDs (4011 for Green Adelaide and 4012 for Hills ad Fleurieu)Regional Delivery Partner management unitsChanged "National Landcare Program Management Units" to "Regional Delivery Partners for Environmental Protection, Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Resource Management Services""Adelaide and Mount Lofty Ranges" split into "Green Adelaide" and "Hills ad Fleurieu"Added two new RDP_IDs (4011 for Green Adelaide and 4012 for Hills ad Fleurieu)"Torres Strait", "Green Adelaide" and "Marine NRM" added * to match note *management unit covered through other financial arrangements"South West Queensland", "Maranoa Balonne and Border Rivers" and "Condamine" combined into "Southern Queensland" with light grey dotted line to denote NRM borders.CurrencyDate modified: 2022Modification frequency: NoneData extentSpatial extentNorth: -6.9°South: -45.5°East: 159.4°West: 109.7°Source informationThis dataset is provided by the Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water.Feature ServerMetadataPublic listingLineage statementOriginal NHT layer Data was supplied from state GIS data for:NSW - Catchment Management Authority AreasQLD - Queensland NRM Regional BoundariesSA - NRM RegionsTAS - Department of Primary Industries, Water and Environment NRM RegionsVIC - Catchment Management Board BoundariesWA - NRM Regions of Western AustraliaNT - 1:100 000 State Border and CoastlineACT - 1:100 000 State BorderThe data supplied for TAS and WA was supplied in shapefile format with Qld, NSW, VIC data supplied in ArcInfo Export format. As there is only one NRM region for NT, this was derived from the coverage 1:100 000 Coastlines and State Borders.All source coverages were projected to Geographics, and consistent attribution was applied. All source coverages were appended, and the result cleaned with 0.0001 tolerances. On inspection of the state data it was noted that the borders and coastlines used were different amongst those datasets supplied by states and territories. The 1:100 000 Geoscience Australia (formerly AUSLIG) state borders and coastline were appended to the coverage in an effort to standardise the series at a national level. Slither polygons along common boundaries were eliminated, and a final check of attribution conducted.In February 2004, new NSW NRM regions (CMA boundaries) were supplied to DEH. The existing NSW regions were replaced by the new boundaries, which are largely amalgamations of the existing regions (the number of NSW regions was reduced from 20 to 13), however there were also a number of minor boundary changes. The 1:100 000 Coastlines and State border was retained and only internal boundaries updated. In addition to the new NSW boundaries, a number of changes were also made.Minor updates were made to VIC, SA, WA and Qld region namesAttributional corrections made to some islands and regionsIslands in Bass Strait were assigned to Vic or Tas as according to the Aus100k datasetSome islands in Bass Strait containing sliver polygons correctedNew numeric code assigned to each regionFebruary 2005Torres Strait boundary updated as per the Bilateral Agreement. Was derived from the latest GBRMP boundary (Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, July 1 2004), the Australia/Papua New Guinea border (Australian Maritime Boundaries Information System, Geoscience Australia 2001), the boundary of Australian territorial waters (Australian Maritime Boundaries Information System, Geoscience Australia 2001), the 11 degrees south latitude and the coastline of the mainland (Geoscience Australia 1:100000 coastline). These changes also resulted in an altered Cape York region boundary.The Qld marine zones were changed to the 3nm limit (Australian Maritime Boundaries Information System, Geoscience Australia 2001), as well as some minor changes to internal region boundaries supplied by QLD StateMarine zones to the 3nm limit (Australian Maritime Boundaries Information System, Geoscience Australia 2001) were added to Tasmania. The marine zone was divided amongst the regions by extending the region boundaries beyond the coastline in the same direction. The boundary between South and North West was determined by locating the mid-point of the harbour (derived using a series of buffers).Macquarie Island and corresponding 3nm limit was added to South NRM region in Tasmania (Geoscience Australia 1:100000 coastline and Australian Maritime Boundaries Information System, Geoscience Australia 2001)An incorrectly labelled polygon was corrected from terrestrial to marine in Northern Gulf.The border between East Gippsland and North East (VIC) was updated using data supplied by the Victorian Department of Sustainability and Environment.The dataset was integrated to the Geoscience Australia 1:100000 coastline with a cluster tolerance of 0.00005 degrees. The resulting NRM dataset aligns exactly with the coastline.August 2005New NRM boundaries were provided by the South Australian Department of Water, Land and Biodiversity Conservation. These boundaries were added to the national dataset. The SA coastline was sourced using the

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Abstract This spatial product shows consistent ‘near real-time’ bushfire and prescribed burn boundaries for all jurisdictions who have the technical ability or appropriate licence conditions to provide this information. Currency Maintenance of the underlying data is the responsibility of the custodian. Geoscience Australia has automated methods of regularly checking for changes in source data. Once detected the dataset and feeds will be updated as soon as possible. NOTE: The update frequency of the underlying data from the jurisdictions varies and, in most cases, does not line up to this product’s update cycle. Date created: November 2023 Modification frequency: Every 15 Minutes Spatial Extent

West Bounding Longitude: 113° South Bounding Latitude: -44° East Bounding Longitude: 154° North Bounding Latitude: -10°

Source Information The project team initially identified a list of potential source data through jurisdictional websites and the Emergency Management LINK catalogue. These were then confirmed by each jurisdiction through the EMSINA National and EMSINA Developers networks. This Webservice contains authoritative data sourced from:

Australian Capital Territory - Emergency Service Agency (ESA) New South Wales - Rural Fire Service (RFS) Queensland - Queensland Fire and Emergency Service (QFES) South Australia - Country Fire Service (CFS)
Tasmania - Tasmania Fire Service (TFS)
Victoria – Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning (DELWP)
Western Australia – Department of Fire and Emergency Services (DFES)

The completeness of the data within this webservice is reliant on each jurisdictional source and the information they elect to publish into their Operational Bushfire Boundary webservices. Known Limitations:

This dataset does not contain information from the Northern Territory government. This dataset contains a subset of the Queensland bushfire boundary data. The Queensland ‘Operational’ feed that is consumed within this National Database displays a the last six (6) months of incident boundaries. In order to make this dataset best represent a ‘near-real-time’ or current view of operational bushfire boundaries Geoscience Australia has filtered the Queensland data to only incorporate the last two (2) weeks data. Geoscience Australia is aware of duplicate data (features) may appear within this dataset. This duplicate data is commonly represented in the regions around state borders where it is operationally necessary for one jurisdiction to understand cross border situations. Care must be taken when summing the values to obtain a total area burnt. The data within this aggregated National product is a spatial representation of the input data received from the custodian agencies. Therefore, data quality and data completion will vary. If you wish to assess more information about specific jurisdictional data and/or data feature(s) it is strongly recommended that you contact the appropriate custodian.

The accuracy of the data attributes within this webservice is reliant on each jurisdictional source and the information they elect to publish into their Operational Bushfire Boundary webservices. Note: Geoscience Australia has, where possible, attempted to align the data to the (as of October 2023) draft National Current Incident Extent Feeds Data Dictionary. However, this has not been possible in all cases. Work to progress this alignment will be undertaken after the publication of this dataset, once this project enters a maintenance period. Catalog entry: Bushfire Boundaries – Near Real-Time Lineage Statement Version 1 and 2 (2019/20): This dataset was first built by EMSINA, Geoscience Australia, and Esri Australia staff in early January 2020 in response to the Black Summer Bushfires. The product was aimed at providing a nationally consistent dataset of bushfire boundaries. Version 1 was released publicly on 8 January 2020 through Esri AGOL software.
Version 2 of the product was released in mid-February as EMSINA and Geoscience Australia began automating the product. The release of version 2 exhibited a reformatted attributed table to accommodate these new automation scripts. The product was continuously developed by the three entities above until early May 2020 when both the scripts and data were handed over to the National Bushfire Recovery Agency. The EMSINA Group formally ended their technical involvement with this project on June 30, 2020. Version 3 (2020/21): A 2020/21 version of the National Operational Bushfire Boundaries dataset was agreed to by the Australian Government. It continued to extend upon EMSINA’s 2019/20 Version 2 product. This product was owned and managed by the Australian Government Department of Home Affairs, with Geoscience Australia identified as the technical partners responsible for development and delivery. Work on Version 3 began in August 2020 with delivery of this product occurring on 14 September 2020. Version 4 (2021/22): A 2021/22 version of the National Operational Bushfire Boundaries dataset was produced by Geoscience Australia. This product was owned and managed by Geoscience Australia, who provided both development and delivery. Work on Version 4 began in August 2021 with delivery of this product occurring on 1 September 2021. The dataset was discontinued in May 2022 because of insufficient Government funding. Version 5 (2023/25): A 2023/25 version of the National Near-Real-Time Bushfire Boundaries dataset is produced by Geoscience Australia under funding from the National Bushfire Intelligence Capability (NBIC) - CSIRO. NBIC and Geoscience Australia have also partnered with the EMSINA Group to assist with accessing and delivering this dataset. This dataset is the first time where the jurisdictional attributes are aligned to AFAC’s National Bushfire Schema.
Work on Version 5 began in August 2023 and was released in late 2023 under formal access arrangements with the States and Territories. Data Dictionary Geoscience Australia has not included attributes added automatically by spatial software processes in the table below.

Attribute Name Description

fire_id ID attached to fire (e.g. incident ID, Event ID, Burn ID).

fire_name Incident name. If available.

fire_type Binary variable to describe whether a fire was a bushfire or prescribed burn.

ignition_date The date of the ignition of a fire event. Date and time are local time zone from the State where the fire is located and stored as a string.

capt_date The date of the incident boundary was captured or updated. Date and time are local time zone from the Jurisdiction where the fire is located and stored as a string.

capt_method Categorical variable to describe the source of data used for defining the spatial extent of the fire.

area_ha Burnt area in Hectares. Currently calculated field so that all areas calculations are done in the same map projection. Jurisdiction supply area in appropriate projection to match state incident reporting system.

perim_km ) Burnt perimeter in Kilometres. Calculated field so that all areas calculations are done in the same map projection. Jurisdiction preference is that supplied perimeter calculations are used for consistency with jurisdictional reporting.

state State custodian of the data. NOTE: Currently some states use and have in their feeds cross border data

agency Agency that is responsible for the incident

date_retrieved The date and time that Geoscience Australia retrieved this data from the jurisdictions, stored as UTC. Please note when viewed in ArcGIS Online, the date is converted from UTC to your local time.

Contact Geoscience Australia, clientservices@ga.gov.au