An outline map showing the coastline, boundaries and major lakes and rivers for Canada and nearby countries. There are names for major political and geographical features.

Water files are provided for the mapping of inland and coastal waters, Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River. These files were created to be used in conjunction with the boundary files.

This dataset comprises a map of inland water bodies in Canada and neighboring regions, as described by Ghayourmanesh et al. (2024). The data are mapped using the Lambert Conformal Conic (LCC) geographic projection with a spatial resolution of 250 meters. The LCC projection is frequently used as a standard projection at the Canada Centre for Remote Sensing (CCRS) (Trishchenko et al., 2016, Trishchenko, 2019). Each pixel value represents a code describing either the probability of inland water presence or land/ocean(sea) mask

There are two types of boundary files: cartographic and digital. Cartographic boundary files portray the geographic areas using only the major land mass of Canada and its coastal islands. Digital boundary files portray the full extent of the geographic areas, including the coastal water area.

This map includes data on water systems in Canada.RiversWater BodiesWatershed: Ocean Drainage AreasWatershed: Major Drainage AreasWatershed: Sub Drainage AreasWatershed: Sub Sub Drainage Areas

This North American Environmental Atlas data are standardized geospatial data sets at 1:10,000,000 scale. A variety of basic data layers (e.g. roads, railroads, populated places, political boundaries, hydrography, bathymetry, sea ice and glaciers) have been integrated so that their relative positions are correct. This collection of data sets forms a base with which other North American thematic data may be integrated. Any data outside of Canada, Mexico, and the United States of America included in the North American Environmental Atlas data sets is strictly to complete the context of the data.The North American Environmental Atlas – Lakes and Rivers dataset displays the coastline, linear hydrographic features (major rivers, streams, and canals), and area hydrographic features (major lakes and reservoirs) of North America at a reference spatial scale of 1:1,000,000.This map offers a seamless integration of hydrographic features derived from cartographic products generated by Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), United States Geological Survey (USGS), National Institute of Statistics and Geography, (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía-Inegi), National Water Commission (Comisión Nacional del Agua-Conagua).This current version of the North America Lakes and Rivers dataset supersedes the version published by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation in 2011.Files Download

The Nova Scotia Lake Survey program is a partnership initiative between the Department of Environment and Climate Change and the Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture to inventory lakes throughout the province determining baseline water quality, in support of both sport fisheries and water resource management areas. The following weblink connects to a Department of Environment and Climate Change web map that includes the locations of the monitored lakes within the province and an alternative method for downloading the same lake chemistry dataset: http://nse.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=7ded7a30bef44f848e8a4fc8672c89bd"

Lake depth plays a crucial role in understanding large-scale biogeochemical processes. The thickness of the hypolimnion, influenced by lake depth, is a key factor in oxygen dynamics and carbon processing within lakes. Furthermore, lake depth impacts seasonal ice-off dates and CO2 emissions. Bathymetry shapes lake mixing dynamics, which in turn regulate methane (CH4) emissions and phosphorus release from sediments. Consequently, landscape-scale biogeochemical studies of lake-dominated regions require extensive and accurate bathymetric data. In Canada, more than a million lakes remain without detailed bathymetric data. However, between the 1940s and 1990s, the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry produced bathymetric maps for over 11,000 lakes across Ontario. These maps have been scanned and are publicly accessible via Ontario's Open Data Portal (https://data.ontario.ca/dataset/historic-bathymetry-maps). From these historical maps, maximum depths were manually extracted and compiled into this dataset. In addition to maximum depths, lake geometry has been derived using lake polygons provided by the National Hydro Network (NHN) from Natural Resources Canada https://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/a4b190fe-e090-4e6d-881e-b87956c07977). Morphometric metrics such as circularity, shoreline complexity, and relative depth were calculated from these polygons and the bathymetric data. This dataset offers a critical resource for understanding the geomorphological and biogeochemical dynamics of lakes across Ontario, Canada.

Part of the Nova Scotia Topographic Database the Nova Scotia Hydrographic Network (Water Features) is updated and maintained from aerial photography. Lakes, Rivers, Islands and many other features are collected and networked into a seamless relation data base. Toponyms are included in the attribute table for named hydrographic features. Hydrographic feature codes and their descriptions are provided with the download in a NSTDB feature code table. Data download also available via GeoNova: https://nsgi.novascotia.ca/WSF_DDS/DDS.svc/DownloadFile?tkey=fhrTtdnDvfytwLz6&id=18 Map service view also available via GeoNova: https://nsgiwa.novascotia.ca/arcgis/rest/services/BASE/BASE_NSTDB_10k_Water_UT83/MapServer?f=jsapi

A shapefile of freshwater water bodies hat have been sampled as part of the Nova Scotia Lake Survey. The Nova Scotia Lake Survey program is a partnership initiative between Nova Scotia Environment (NSE) and Nova Scotia Fisheries and Aquaculture (NSDFA) to inventory lakes throughout the province determining baseline water quality, in support of both sport fisheries and water resource management areas.

The following weblink connects to a Nova Scotia Environment web map that includes the locations of the monitored lakes within the province and an alternative method for downloading the same lake chemistry dataset: http://nse.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=7ded7a30bef44f848e8a4fc8672c89bd

An outline map showing the coastline, boundaries and major lakes and rivers for Canada and nearby countries.

Contained within the 4th Edition (1974) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows the area of fresh water. It is split into squares that have the percentage of total fresh water. Each square covers an area of 10,000 square kilometers. According to the map, fresh water bodies occupy 7.9% of the area of Canada.

Contained within the 4th Edition (1974) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows the lakes, rivers and glaciers as well as the major drainage areas. Provincial and territorial boundaries are shown, but otherwise there are no other names or symbols shown on the Canadian land surface.

Contained within the Atlas of Canada's Reference Map Series, 1961 to 2010, is an enlargement of a 1: 15 000 000 sheet of the same name from the National Atlas of Canada, 4th Edition. Both maps show a very dense network of lakes, rivers and glaciers, with all of the data being photo-reduced from much larger-scale topogaphic maps. Provincial and territorial boundaries are shown, but otherwise there are no other names or symbols shown on the Canadian land surface. The data is as of 1968 (and, therefore, predates the building of many large reservoirs).

Water map (managed forest code 100) used in the Story Map of Forest Management in Canada, 2017. Water map (managed forest code 100) created from Statistics Canada lakes and rivers polygon water file and used in the Map of Forest Management in Canada, 2017. Source: This web map shows the water used in the Story Map of Forest Management in Canada, 2017 and includes the following tiled layer:Water (Managed Forest Code 100)

The map title is Cowichan Valley. Tactile map scale. 1.8 centimetres = 10 kilometres North arrow. Region includes Nanaimo, Cowichan Lake, Duncan, Sydney. Trans-Canada Highway, route 1 and route 18. Airport in Nanaimo. Bus Terminals. Bodies of water, Strait of Georgia. Tactile maps are designed with Braille, large text, and raised features for visually impaired and low vision users. The Tactile Maps of Canada collection includes: (a) Maps for Education: tactile maps showing the general geography of Canada, including the Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps of the provinces and territories showing political boundaries, lakes, rivers and major cities), and the Thematic Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps showing climatic regions, relief, forest types, physiographic regions, rock types, soil types, and vegetation). (b) Maps for Mobility: to help visually impaired persons navigate spaces and routes in major cities by providing information about streets, buildings and other features of a travel route in the downtown area of a city. (c) Maps for Transportation and Tourism: to assist visually impaired persons in planning travel to new destinations in Canada, showing how to get to a city, and streets in the downtown area.

This dataset provides 1) a conservative open water mask for future water surface elevation (WSE) extraction from the co-registered AirSWOT Ka-band interferometry data, and 2) high-resolution (1 m) water body distribution maps for water bodies greater than 40 m2 along the NASA Arctic-Boreal Vulnerability Experiment (ABoVE) foundational flight lines. The masks and maps were derived from georeferenced three-band orthomosaics generated from individual images collected during the flights and a semi-automated water classification algorithm based on the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI). In total, 3,167 km2 of open water were mapped from 23,380 km2 of flight lines spanning 23 degrees of latitude. Detected water body sizes range from 40 m2 to 15 km2. The image tiles were georeferenced using manually selected ground control points (GCPs). Comparison with manually digitized open water boundaries yields an overall open-water classification accuracy of 98.0%.

The plate contains four maps showing the mean river freeze-over date, the mean lake freeze-over date, the mean river ice-free date and the mean lake ice free date. The four maps depict, in a general way, the average dates on which freshwater bodies in Canada become completely ice-covered in the fall, and become completely ice-free in the spring. The formation of an ice cover on a water body is called freeze-up; and the melting and dissipation of this ice cover is called break-up. Freeze-up begins when surface water is cooled to 0 degrees Celsius and ice crystals begin to form; it ends when the water body has attained its maximum ice coverage. Most lakes freeze over completely; rivers may or may not, depending on their location, size, and flow characteristics. The final stage of the freeze-up process may be termed "freeze-over". Break-up normally begins when air temperatures rise above 0 degrees Celsius, and when surface and internal melting of the ice sheet begins. The process is aided by the action of winds and currents, which results in mechanical breaking of the ice. Break-up ends when the water body becomes completely clear of all ice. Many rivers and lakes in the Arctic region, however, may never become completely ice free because of the shortness of the melting season. In general, rivers freeze over later and clear earlier than lakes in the same area. This is due to the effect of river currents, which retard freezing in the fall and aid the breaking up of the ice in spring.

Contained within the 1st Edition (1906) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows canals, as well as locations and types of Lighthouses along the St. Lawrence and Great Lakes. In addition, the map also shows sailing routes through those water bodies. There is a table of sailing distances, in geographical miles, between the ports of the United States and Canada on the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence. Statistics of freight and passenger traffic through the canals, total cost of maintenance, and the construction of Canadian canals, are shown as of 1903-1904. There are also steamship routes from Canadian ports to other ports in Canada and in the U.S. The lighthouses are distinguished between fixed, revolving lights, and light ships. The depth of the water of the Great Lakes is indicated by contours and tints of blue. The deeper portions are shown in the darker tints, while lighter tints indicate more shallow waters.

Water map (managed forest code 100) used in the Forest Management in Canada, 2020 story map. Water map (managed forest code 100) created from Statistics Canada lakes and rivers polygon water file and used in the Story Map of Forest Management in Canada, 2020 (Aménagement des forêts au Canada, 2020). The water map includes the following tiled layer: Tile Layer of Water Managed Forest Code 100: 2020