This map includes data on water systems in Canada.RiversWater BodiesWatershed: Ocean Drainage AreasWatershed: Major Drainage AreasWatershed: Sub Drainage AreasWatershed: Sub Sub Drainage Areas

The National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI) is Canada's public inventory of pollutant releases (to air, water and land), disposals and transfers for recycling. The files below contain a map of Canada showing the locations of all facilities that reported direct releases to surface waters to the NPRI. The data are for the most recent reporting year, by reported total quantities of these releases. The map is available in both ESRI REST (to use with ARC GIS) and WMS (open source) formats. For more information about the individual reporting facilities, a dataset is available in a CSV format. Please consult the following resources to enhance your analysis: - Guide on using and Interpreting NPRI Data: https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/national-pollutant-release-inventory/using-interpreting-data.html - Access additional data from the NPRI, including datasets and mapping products: https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/national-pollutant-release-inventory/tools-resources-data/exploredata.html

This dataset comprises a map of inland water bodies in Canada and neighboring regions, as described by Ghayourmanesh et al. (2024). The data are mapped using the Lambert Conformal Conic (LCC) geographic projection with a spatial resolution of 250 meters. The LCC projection is frequently used as a standard projection at the Canada Centre for Remote Sensing (CCRS) (Trishchenko et al., 2016, Trishchenko, 2019). Each pixel value represents a code describing either the probability of inland water presence or land/ocean(sea) mask

The National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI) is Canada's public inventory of pollutant releases (to air, water and land), disposals and transfers for recycling. This file is a geodatabase (GDB) that shows the locations of all facilities that reported to the NPRI in the current reporting year. The data are also available in a virtual globe format : https://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/d9be6bec-47e5-4835-8d01-d2875a8d67ff Please consult the following resources to enhance your analysis: - Guide on using and Interpreting NPRI Data: https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/national-pollutant-release-inventory/using-interpreting-data.html - Access additional data from the NPRI, including datasets and mapping products: https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/national-pollutant-release-inventory/tools-resources-data/exploredata.html

This interactive maps shows the locations and trends for a network of 42 water quality stations in B.C. rivers operated by the Province of B.C. and Environment Canada. Water samples are collected every two weeks or month are analysed for a range of physical-chemical parameters. These are metals, nutrients, bacteria, general ions, and physical properties. Benthic macroinvertebrates samples are collected every three years. Use the map to explore a monitoring station near you: Read about trends in water quality and biological assessments by exploring the tabs. Click on a station to learn more and download data from Environment and Climate Change Canada.

Knowledge of the location of Earth’s surface water in time and space is critical to inform policy decisions on environment, wildlife, and human security. Dynamic surface water maps generally represent water occurrence, also referred to as inundation frequency, depicting the percentage of valid observations when water is detected at the surface. The location and duration of surface water varies from areas of permanent water with 100% inundation frequency where water is always observed, to areas of permanent land with 0% inundation where water never occurs. Between these two extremes are areas of ephemeral water that experience periodic flooding with inundation frequencies between 0-100%. National-scale dynamic surface water information was generated for years 1984-2023 at 30m spatial resolution from the historical Landsat archive over Canada. The complete dataset consists of annual water maps and derived products including inundation frequency and inter-annual wetting and drying trends calculated using per-pixel logistic regression. The complete dataset enables an assessment of the timing, duration, and trends towards wetting or drying at regional to national scales. Associated publication: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0034425722002358

Water map (managed forest code 100) created from Statistics Canada lakes and rivers polygon water file and used in the Map of Forest Management in Canada, 2017.Source: This web map shows the water used in the Story Map of Forest Management in Canada, 2017 and includes the following tiled layer:Water (Managed Forest Code 100)

This feature layer depicts the watershed boundaries of Canada and provides a detailed look at drainage areas and water flow for the entire land mass of Canada.

This map service references the Water Survey of Canada (WSC) data. The WSC has a 3-level hierarchy of drainage areas established in 1927 for the purpose of managing hydrometric stations (recording water levels or rates of flow). They are: Major Drainage Areas, Sub Drainage Areas and Sub-sub Drainage Areas.

This map service includes all three drainage area boundaries as well as the highest order boundary, the ocean drainage area.

Water files are provided for the mapping of inland and coastal waters, Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River. These files were created to be used in conjunction with the boundary files.

Water map (managed forest code 100) used in the Forest Management in Canada, 2020 story map. Water map (managed forest code 100) created from Statistics Canada lakes and rivers polygon water file and used in the Story Map of Forest Management in Canada, 2020 (Aménagement des forêts au Canada, 2020). The water map includes the following tiled layer: Tile Layer of Water Managed Forest Code 100: 2020

This data layer is part of a collection of GIS data created for the Okanagan Mainstem Floodplain Mapping Project. Notes below apply to the entire project data set.General Notes1. Please refer to the Disclaimer further below.2. Please review the associated project reports before using the floodplain maps: Northwest Hydraulic Consultants Ltd. (NHC). 2020. ‘Okanagan Mainstem Floodplain Mapping Project’. Report prepared for the Okanagan Basin Water Board (OBWB). 31 March 2020. NHC project number 3004430. Northwest Hydraulic Consultants Ltd. (NHC). 2021. ‘Okanagan Mainstem Floodplain Mapping Project – Development of CGVD1928 Floodplain Mapping’. Letter report prepared for the Okanagan Basin Water Board (OBWB). 30 March 2021. NHC project number 3006034.Northwest Hydraulic Consultants Ltd. (NHC). 2022. ‘Supplemental to the Okanagan Mainstem Floodplain Mapping Project – Current Operations Flood Construction Levels for Okanagan and Wood-Kalamalka Lakes’. Report prepared for the Okanagan Basin Water Board (OBWB). Final. 16 August 2022. NHC project number 3006613.3. These floodplain mapping layers delineate flood inundation extents under the specific flood events. Tributaries are not included in mapping.4. The mapped inundation is based on the calculated water level. Freeboard, wind effects, and wave effects have been added to the calculated water level where noted.5. Where noted, a freeboard allowance of 0.6 m has been added to the calculated flood water level. It has been added to account for local variations in water level and uncertainty in the underlying data and modelling.6. Where noted, the FCL (or COFCL) included in lake mapping layers includes an allowance for wind setup and wave runup based on co-occurrence of the seasonal 200-year wind event. The wind and wave effects extend 40 m shoreward to delineate the expected limit of wave effects. Beyond this limit the FCL (or COFCL) is based on inundation of the flood event without wave effects. Wave effects have been calculated based on generalized shoreline profile and roughness for each shoreline reach. Site specific runup analysis by a Qualified Registrant may be warranted to refine the generalized wave effects shown, which could increase or decrease the FCL (or COFCL) by as much as a metre.7. Underlying hydraulic analysis assumes channel and shoreline geometry is stationary. Erosion, deposition, degradation, and aggradation are expected to occur and may alter actual observed flood levels and extents. Obstructions, such as log-jams, local storm water inflows or other land drainage, groundwater, or tributary flows may cause flood levels to exceed those indicated on the maps.8. The Okanagan floodplain is subject to persistent ponding due to poor drainage. Persistent ponding is not covered by the flood inundation mapping.9. For flood level maps (water level and inundation extents):a. Layers for each flood scenario describe inundation extents, water surface elevations, and depths.b. The calculated water level has been extended perpendicular to flow across the floodplain; thus mapping inundation of isolated areas regardless of likelihood of inundation; whether it be from dike failure, seepage, or local inflows. Distant isolated areas may be conservatively mapped as inundated. Site specific judgement by a Qualified Professional is required to determine validity of isolated inundation.c. Filtering was used to remove isolated areas smaller than 100 m2. Holes in the inundation extent with areas less than 100 m2 were also removed. Isolated areas larger than 100 m2 are included in GIS data layers and are shown on maps if they are within 40 metres of direct inundation or within 40 metres of other retained polygons.d. Okanagan Dam breach, dam overtopping, or overtopping and breaching of Penticton Beach were not modelled. Inundation downstream of the Okanagan Dam on the left bank floodplain is based on river modelling with the assumption that Okanagan Lake levels will not overtop Lakeshore Drive and adjacent high ground. For the design flood scenarios, inundation mapping on the right bank of the Okanagan River from the Okanagan Dam downstream to the Highway 97 bridge and Burnaby Avenue is based on additional lake and river modelling. For other flood scenarios, river and lake inundation has been mapped separately and has not been integrated on the right bank. Inundation mapping on the right bank is based on river modelling as far as the most upstream modelled river cross section.10. For flood hazard maps (depth and velocity):a. Layers describe flood water depths and velocities. Depths and velocities are based on the maximum values from three modelled scenarios: all dikes removed, left bank dikes removed, and right bank dikes removed. Depths do not include freeboard.b. All hazard layers were modelled with the same parameters and boundary conditions as the design flood.11. Flood modelling and mapping is based on a digital elevation model (DEM) with the following coordinate system and datum specifications: Universal Transverse Mercator Zone 11-N (UTM Zone 11-N), North American Datum 1983 Canadian Spatial Reference System epoch 2002.0 (NAD83 CSRS (2002.0)), Canadian Geodetic Vertical Datum 2013 (CGVD2013), Canadian Gravimetric Geoid model of 2013 (CGG2013). FCL values are presented on the maps in both CGVD2013 and CGVD1928 vertical datums. CGVD1928 values are based on the following specifications: NAD83 CSRS (2002.0), CGVD1928, Height Transformation version 2.0 epoch 1997 (HTv2.0 (1997)). COFCL and COFCL values are presented only in CGVD2013.12. The accuracy of simulated flood levels is limited by the reliability and extent of water level, flow, and climatic data. The accuracy of the floodplain extents is limited by the accuracy of the design flood flow, the hydraulic model, and the digital surface representation of local topography. Localized areas above or below the mapped inundation maybe generalized. Therefore, floodplain maps should be considered an administrative tool that indicates flood elevations and floodplain boundaries for a designated flood. A qualified professional is to be consulted for site-specific engineering analysis.13. Industry best practices were followed to generate the floodplain maps. However, actual flood levels and extents may vary from those shown. OBWB and NHC do not assume any liability for variations of flood levels and extents from that shown.Data Sources Design flood events are based on hydrologic modelling of the Okanagan River watershed. The hydraulic response is based on a combination of 1D and 2D numerical models developed by NHC using HEC-RAS software, and NHC SWAN models. The hydraulic models are calibrated to the 2017 flood event and validated to the 2018 flood event; due to limits on data availability the hydrologic model is calibrated using data from 1980-2010. The digital elevation model (DEM) used to develop the model and mapping is based on Lidar data collected from March to November 2018 and provided by Emergency Management BC (EMBC), channel survey conducted by WSP in March, April, and June 2019, and additional survey data. See accompanying report for details NHC (2020).DisclaimerThis document has been prepared by Northwest Hydraulic Consultants Ltd. for the benefit of Okanagan Basin Water Board, Regional District of North Okanagan, Regional District of Central Okanagan, Regional District of Okanagan-Similkameen, Okanagan Nation Alliance for specific application to the Okanagan Mainstem Floodplain Mapping Project, Okanagan Valley, British Columbia, Canada (Ellison, Wood, Kalamalka, Okanagan, Skaha, Vaseux, and Osoyoos lakes and Okanagan River from Okanagan Lake to Osoyoos Lake). The information and data contained herein represent Northwest Hydraulic Consultants Ltd. best professional judgment in light of the knowledge and information available to Northwest Hydraulic Consultants Ltd. at the time of preparation, and was prepared in accordance with generally accepted engineering practices.Except as required by law, this document and the information and data contained herein are to be treated as confidential and may be used and relied upon only by Okanagan Basin Water Board, Regional District of North Okanagan, Regional District of Central Okanagan, Regional District of Okanagan-Similkameen, Okanagan Nation Alliance, its officers and employees. Northwest Hydraulic Consultants Ltd. denies any liability whatsoever to other parties who may obtain access to this document for any injury, loss or damage suffered by such parties arising from their use of, or reliance upon, this report or any of its contents.Data Layer List and Descriptions<!--· River / Lake Model Boundary -River / Lake Model Boundary (NHC): Boundary between Okanagan River and Okanagan Lake modelling and mapping areas for design and flood mapping.Recommended Design Flood (gates open): Ellison, Skaha, Vaseux, and Osoyoos lakeso Lake Shoreline Flood Construction Level (FCL) Zone – Recommended Design Flood with Freeboard and Wave Effect (NHC): Zone defined based on approximate shoreline and the wave breaking boundary plus a buffer; FCLs defined by zone along shoreline; shoreline FCLs take precedence over lake inundation FCLs.o Lake Flood Construction Level (FCL) Zone (Inundation Extent) – Recommended Design Flood with Freeboard (NHC): Design flood inundation extent with freeboard. Design event varies by lake, plus wind setup, plus mid-century climate change; plus freeboard 0.6m.o Lake Inundation Extent – Recommended Design Flood without Freeboard (NHC): Design flood inundation extent without freeboard. Design event varies by lake, plus wind setup, plus mid-century climate change.o Depth Grids§ Ellison Lake Depth – Recommended Design without Freeboard (NHC): ELLISON LAKE: 200-YEAR MID-CENTURY. Design flood depth without freeboard. Design

Water map (managed forest code 100) used in the Story Map of Forest Management in Canada, 2017. Water map (managed forest code 100) created from Statistics Canada lakes and rivers polygon water file and used in the Map of Forest Management in Canada, 2017. Source: This web map shows the water used in the Story Map of Forest Management in Canada, 2017 and includes the following tiled layer:Water (Managed Forest Code 100)

This web map includes water data - rivers, watersheds and much more.

This web mapping application shows the monitoring networks used to track drought conditions across Manitoba. Each tab displays a different source of data, including: streamflow and water level, groundwater, precipitation, reservoir supply status, and Canadian and United States Drought Monitor contours. Each of the data sources are explained in more detail below. Please note the following information when using the web mapping application:

When you click on a data point on the River and Lake, Groundwater or Reservoir maps, a pop-up box will appear. This pop-up box contains information on the streamflow (in cubic feet per second; ft3/s), water level (in feet), groundwater level (in metres), storage volume (acre-feet), or supply status (in per cent of full supply level; %) for that location. Click on the Percentile Plot link at the bottom of the pop-up box to view a three-year time series of observed conditions (available for river and lake and groundwater conditions only). A toolbar is located in the top right corner of the web mapping application. The Query Tool can be used to search for a specific river, lake or reservoir monitoring station by name or aquifer type by location. The Layer List enables the user to toggle between precipitation conditions layers (1-month, 3-month, and 12-month) and increase or decrease the transparency of the layer. Data is current for the date indicated on the pop-up box, percentile plot, or map product. Near-real time data are preliminary and subject to change upon review.

River and lake conditions are monitored to determine the severity of hydrological dryness in a watershed. River and lake measurements are converted to percentiles by comparing daily measurements from a specified day to historical measurements over the monitoring station’s period of record for that particular day. A percentile is a value on a scale of zero to 100 that indicates the percent of a distribution that is equal to or below it. In general:

Streamflow (or lake level) which is greater than the 90th percentile is classified as “much above normal”. Streamflow (or lake level) which is between the 75th and 90th percentile is classified as “above normal”. Streamflow (or lake level) which is between the 25th and 75th percentiles is classified as “normal”. Streamflow (or lake level) which is between the 10th and 25th percentile is classified as “below normal”. Streamflow (or lake level) which is less than the 10th percentile is classified as “much below normal”.

"Median" indicates the midpoint (or 50th percentile) of the distribution, whereby 50 per cent of the data falls below the given point, and 50 per cent falls above. Other flow categories include:

"Lowest" indicates that the estimated streamflow (or lake level) is the lowest value ever measured for the day of the year. "Highest" indicates that the estimated streamflow (or lake level) is the highest value ever measured for the day of the year.

Monitoring stations classified as “No Data” do not have current estimates of streamflow (or lake level) available. Click on the Percentile Plot link at the bottom of the pop-up box to view a graph (in PDF format) displaying a three-year time series of observed conditions relative to the historical percentiles described above. The period of record used to compute the percentiles is stated, alongside the station ID, and if the river or lake is regulated (i.e. controlled) or natural. Hydrometric data are obtained from Water Survey of Canada, Manitoba Infrastructure, and the United States Geological Survey. Near real-time data are preliminary as they can be impacted by ice, wind, or equipment malfunction. Preliminary data are subject to change upon review. Groundwater conditions are monitored to determine the severity of hydrological dryness in an aquifer. Water levels are converted to percentiles by comparing daily measurements from a specified day to historical measurements over the monitoring station’s period of record for that particular day. A percentile is a value on a scale of zero to 100 that indicates the percent of a distribution that is equal to or below it. In general:

A groundwater level which is greater than the 90th percentile is classified as “much above normal”. A groundwater level which is between the 75th and 90th percentile is classified as “above normal”. A groundwater level which is between the 25th and 75th percentiles is classified as “normal”. A groundwater level which is between the 10th and 25th percentile is classified as “below normal”. A groundwater level which is less than the 10th percentile is classified as “much below normal”. Monitoring stations classified as “No Data” do not have current measurements of groundwater level available.

"Median" indicates the midpoint (or 50th percentile) of the distribution, whereby 50 per cent of the data falls below the given point, and 50 per cent falls above. Click on the Percentile Plot link at the bottom of the pop-up box to view a graph (in PDF format) displaying a three-year time series of observed conditions relative to the historical percentiles described above. The period of record used to compute the percentiles is stated, alongside the station ID. Precipitation conditions maps are developed to determine the severity of meteorological dryness and are also an indirect measurement of agricultural dryness. Precipitation indicators are calculated at over 40 locations by comparing total precipitation over the time period to long-term (1971 – 2015) medians. Three different time periods are used to represent: (1) short-term conditions (the past month), (2) medium-term conditions (the past three months), and (3) long-term conditions (the past twelve months). These indicator values are then interpolated across the province to produce the maps provided here. Long-term and medium-term precipitation indicators provide the most appropriate assessment of dryness as the short term indicator is influenced by significant rainfall events and spatial variability in rainfall, particularly during summer storms. Due to large distances between meteorological stations in northern Manitoba, the interpolated contours in this region are based on limited observations and should be interpreted with caution. Precipitation conditions are classified as follows:

Per cent of median greater than 115 per cent is classified as “above normal”. Per cent of median between 85 per cent and 115 per cent is classified as “normal”. Per cent of median between 60 per cent and 85 per cent is classified as “moderately dry”. Per cent of median between 40 per cent and 60 per cent is classified as a “severely dry”. Per cent of median less than 40 per cent is classified as an “extremely dry”.

Precipitation data is obtained from Environment and Climate Change Canada, Manitoba Agriculture, and Manitoba Sustainable Development’s Fire Program. Reservoir conditions are monitored at 15 locations across southern Manitoba to track water availability, including possible water shortages. Conditions are reported both as a water level and as a “supply status”. The supply status is the current amount of water stored in the reservoir compared to the target storage volume of the reservoir (termed “full supply level”). A supply status greater than 100 per cent represents a reservoir that is exceeding full supply level. Canadian and U.S Drought Monitors: Several governments, agencies, and universities monitor the spatial extent and intensity of drought conditions across Canada and the United States, producing maps and data products available through the Canadian Drought Monitor and United States Drought Monitor websites. The Canadian Drought Monitor is managed through Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, while the United States Drought Monitor is a joint effort between The National Drought Mitigation Centre (at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln), the United States Department of Agriculture, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The drought monitor assessments are based on a suite of drought indicators, impacts data and local reports as interpreted by federal, provincial/state and academic scientists. Both the Canadian and United States drought assessments have been amalgamated to form this map, and use the following drought classification system:

D0 (Abnormally Dry) – represents an event that occurs every 3 - 5 years; D1 (Moderate Drought) – 5 to 10 year event; D2 (Severe Drought) – 10 to 20 year event; D3 (Extreme Drought) – 20 to 50 year event; and D4 (Exceptional Drought) – 50+ year event.

Additionally, the map indicates whether drought impacts are: (1) short-term (S); typically less than six months, such as impacts to agriculture and grasslands, (2) long-term (L); typically more than six months, such as impacts to hydrology and ecology, or (3) a combination of both short-term and long-term impacts (SL). The Canadian Drought Monitor publishes its assessments monthly, and United States Drought Monitor maps are released weekly on Thursday mornings. The amalgamated map provided here will be updated on a monthly basis corresponding to the release of the Canadian Drought Monitor map. Care will be taken to ensure both maps highlight drought conditions for the same point in time; however the assessment dates may differ between Canada and the United States due to when the maps are published. Please click on an area of drought on the map to confirm the assessment date. Canadian Drought Monitor data are subject to the Government of Canada Open Data Licence Agreement: https://open.canada.ca/en/open-government-licence-canada. United States Drought Monitor data are available on the United States Drought Monitor website: https://droughtmonitor.unl.edu. For more information, please visit the Manitoba Drought Monitor website.

Flood extent polygons representing active floods (last three days) throughout Canada as monitored by Natural Resources Canada using satellite imagery for emergency response. In response to large flood events, Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), for the provision of emergency geomatics services, may be activated by Canada’s emergency management protocols. As new satellite imagery becomes available, NRCan will extract flood extent polygons and update the dataset in near real time (4 hours). This item contains the latest flood products generated in the past three days. For any data older than 72 hours, please refer to the Floods in Canada - Current Year entry. For this reason note that the web mapping service may not display data if flood polygons have not been published by the EGS in the past three days.The flood products generated are validated on a best effort basis. Various factors may affect the quality of the flood polygons. These factors include, but are not limited to, sensor type, image resolution, cloud cover or limitations of the flood polygon extraction method. In this layer, where possible, a symbology is applied to the flood polygons based on the underlying land use classification, or is simply unclassified and shows the raw flood extent. When using Web mapping services, to display a specific product, filter by date (UTC Date) and area of interest (AOI). Also, a link to download each product directly from the FTP site is available in the Resources section. This prepackaged and compressed product contains a Shape file, a PDF file and a KMZ file.Disclaimer: Emergency response authorities are the primary users of these satellite-derived open water flood extent map products. These products are generated to provide analysis and emergency response situational awareness and to facilitate decision-making during major flood events. The open water flood extent products are generated rapidly and limited time is available for editing and validation. The flood products reflect the open water flood conditions at the date/time of acquisition. While efforts are made to produce high quality products, near-real time products may contain errors due to the limited time available for vector editing and validation. Please note that current algorithms do not map flooded areas under the forest canopy and are not optimized for urban flood mapping. Limitation of Liability: Accordingly, the information contained on this website is provided on an “as is” basis and Natural Resources Canada makes no representations or warranties respecting the information, either expressed or implied, arising by law or otherwise, including but not limited to, effectiveness, completeness, accuracy or fitness for a particular purpose. Natural Resources Canada does not assume any liability in respect of any damage or loss based on the use of this website. In no event shall Natural Resources Canada be liable in any way for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, consequential, or other damages based on any use of this website or any other website to which this site is linked, including, without limitation, any lost profits or revenue or business interruption. Parent Collection:- Floods in Canada - Cartographic Product CollectionView Active Floods in Canada for more information, formats, contacts and metadata.

Contained within the Atlas of Canada Poster Map Series, is a map depicting the 5 main watersheds in Canada. Building Canadian Water Connections initiative and the Canadian Wildlife Federation have collaborated to produce this map that promotes the importance of watersheds through education. Canada's five ocean watersheds are colour-coded on the map: Pacific Ocean, Arctic Ocean, Hudson Bay, Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico. Each of these five massive landscapes contains a hierarchy of watersheds. This map depicts 594 watersheds, most of which are connected and ultimately flow into an ocean.

This data set provides local LAI maps for the selected measured sites in Canada. These derived maps may also be useful for validating other LAI maps over these same sites given that the areas are protected from disturbance. The maps should be used for the given period of validity. The LAI data are suitable for use in modeling the carbon, water, energy, energy and trace gas exchange between the land surface and the atmosphere at regional scales. The data set may also be useful for monitoring changes in the land surface.The Leaf Area Index (LAI) maps are at 30-m resolution for the selected sites. LAI is defined here as half the total (all-sided) live foliage area per unit horizontal projected ground surface area. Overstory LAI corresponds to all tree foliage except for treeless areas where it corresponds to total foliage. The algorithms were developed from ground measurements and Landsat TM and ETM+ images (Fernandes et. al., 2003). A mask was developed using the Landsat ETM+/TM5 image and available land cover map to identify only those areas with land cover belonging to the sample land cover classes and with Landsat ETM+/TM5 spectral reflectance values that fell within the convex hull of the spectral reflectance values over the plots. LAI was mapped within the masked region using the Landsat ETM+/TM5 image and the developed transfer function. The final LAI map was scaled by a factor of 20 (offset 0). The LAI maps are in Tagged Image File Format (TIFF).

The Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators (CESI) program provides data and information to track Canada's performance on key environmental sustainability issues. The Water quantity in Canadian rivers indicator provides the annual water quantity status by monitoring station in 2021. The indicator provides information about the state of the amount of surface water in Canada and its change through time to support water resource management. Information is provided to Canadians in a number of formats including: static and interactive maps, charts and graphs, HTML and CSV data tables and downloadable reports. See the supplementary documentation for the data sources and details on how the data were collected and how the indicator was calculated. Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators: https://www.canada.ca/environmental-indicators

This layer is the US/Canada international boundary, which extends on land and through the Great Lakes.

The Canadian Wetland Inventory (CWI) was established in 2002 by Ducks Unlimited Canada, Environment Canada, the Canadian Space Agency and the North American Wetlands Conservation Council. As a resource, the CWI is valuable for a number of other purposes. It helps to:Focus conservation, restoration and wetland monitoring programsAssess changes in wetland abundance and classification in relation to climate change concernsAssist industry, governments and conservation groups to develop land-use policies and protocolsMeasure performance of those policies and protocols towards landscape sustainability objectivesCWI Data ModelThe CWI is a national approach to establish a consistent framework to map wetlands, in order to build Canada’s capacity to respond to local, regional, national and international drivers. The CWI encourages consistent interpretations by communities of interest through a common data structure and classification system. Based on The Canadian Wetland Classification System, the Canadian Wetland Inventory data model divides wetlands into shallow water, marsh, swamp, fen, and bogs.CWI Progress MapThe CWI Progress Map displays wetland areas across Canada. It’s used to assess future wetland loss, degradation and restoration.This interactive map displays CWI-compatible wetland inventory areas that have been completed or are in progress across Canada. This application also visualizes detailed wetland polygons and information for certain areas where wetland inventory data have been made available.The map has been compiled to make wetland information readily available for a broad range of users. Source and partnership information for the various wetland inventory datasets have been provided within the map application.