A PDF map that shows the counties and unitary authorities in the United Kingdom as at 1 April 2023. (File Size - 583 KB)

In 2024, over nine million people lived in Greater London, making it the most populated ceremonial county in England. The West Midlands Metropolitan County, which contains the large city of Birmingham, was the second-largest county at just over 3.03 million, closely followed by Greater Manchester at three million, and then West Yorkshire with a population of 2.4 million. Kent, Essex, and Hampshire were the three next-largest counties in terms of population, each with just over 1.9 million people. A patchwork of regions England is just one of the four countries that compose the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, with England, Scotland and Wales making up Great Britain. England is therefore not to be confused with Great Britain or the United Kingdom as a whole. Within England, the next subdivisions are the nine regions of England, containing various smaller units such as unitary authorities, metropolitan counties and non-metropolitan districts. The counties in this statistic, however, are based on the ceremonial counties of England as defined by the Lieutenancies Act of 1997. Regions of Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland Like England, the other countries of the United Kingdom have their own regional subdivisions, although with some different terminology. Scotland’s subdivisions are council areas, while Wales has unitary authorities, and Northern Ireland has local government districts. As of 2024, the most-populated Scottish council area was Glasgow City, with over 650,000 inhabitants. In Wales, Cardiff had the largest population among its unitary authorities, and in Northern Ireland, Belfast was the local government area with the most people living there.

A PDF map that shows the local authority districts, counties and unitary authorities in the United Kingdom as at April 2023. The map has been created to show the United Kingdom from country level down to local authority district level. (File Size - 1,909 KB)

This file contains the digital vector boundaries for Counties and Unitary Authorities in the United Kingdom, as at December 2019. The boundaries available are: (BUC) Ultra Generalised (500m) - clipped to the coastline (Mean High Water mark). Contains both Ordnance Survey and ONS Intellectual Property Rights. Download File SizesUltra Generalised (500m) - clipped to the coastline (200 KB)Units for the following fields:St_length = metresSt_area = metres2REST URL of ArcGIS for INSPIRE View Service https://ons-inspire.esriuk.com/arcgis/rest/services/Administrative_Boundaries/Counties_and_Unitary_Authorities_December_2019_Boundaries_UK_BUC2/MapServer/exts/InspireView REST URL of ArcGIS for INSPIRE Feature Download Service https://ons-inspire.esriuk.com/arcgis/rest/services/Administrative_Boundaries/Counties_and_Unitary_Authorities_December_2019_Boundaries_UK_BUC2/MapServer/exts/InspireFeatureDownload REST URL of Feature Access Service https://ons-inspire.esriuk.com/arcgis/rest/services/Administrative_Boundaries/Counties_and_Unitary_Authorities_December_2019_Boundaries_UK_BUC2/FeatureServer

The population of the United Kingdom in 2024 was estimated to be approximately 69.3 million, with over 9.6 million people living in South East England. London had the next highest population, at almost 9.1 million people, followed by the North West England at 7.7 million. With the UK's population generally concentrated in England, most English regions have larger populations than the constituent countries of Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland, which had populations of 5.5 million, 3.2 million, and 1.9 million respectively. English counties and cities The United Kingdom is a patchwork of various regional units, within England the largest of these are the regions shown here, which show how London, along with the rest of South East England had around 18 million people living there in this year. The next significant regional units in England are the 47 metropolitan and ceremonial counties. After London, the metropolitan counties of the West Midlands, Greater Manchester, and West Yorkshire were the biggest of these counties, due to covering the large urban areas of Birmingham, Manchester, and Leeds respectively. Regional divisions in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland The smaller countries that comprise the United Kingdom each have different local subdivisions. Within Scotland these are called council areas, whereas in Wales the main regional units are called unitary authorities. Scotland's largest Council Area by population is that of Glasgow City at over 650,000, while in Wales, it was the Cardiff Unitary Authority at around 384,000. Northern Ireland, on the other hand, has eleven local government districts, the largest of which is Belfast with a population of approxiamtely 352,000.

This spatial dataset is an output of the Natural England County & City Natural Capital Atlas project (July 2020). It shows variation in ecosystem service flow for habitats across England, based on indicators identified by NE in the 2018 Natural Capital Indicators project. The dataset comprises a hexagonal grid which summarises indicator values across the country (each unit = 5km²).Natural Capital is an important aspect of current environmental policy and management. This dataset, in combination with the other project outputs, will support understanding of Natural Capital in England and serve as a valuable engagement tool to communicate concepts of the Natural Capital approach to a wide variety of stakeholders.

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According to the 2021 Census, London was the most ethnically diverse region in England and Wales – 63.2% of residents identified with an ethnic minority group.

Display the locations of the air quality monitoring stations established by the Environmental Protection Administration throughout the country, including general stations, park stations, industrial stations, traffic stations, and background stations for auxiliary ozone observation. Fields: SITE_NAME (station name), SITE_ENAME (station English name), COUNTY (county/city), TOWNSHIP (township), SITE_ADDRESS (station address), LATITUDE (latitude), LONGITUDE (longitude), TYPE (type).

This dataset shows areas within the Midlands Heartland Heathland corridor, which are known to have historically been heathland or unenclosed commons. Attribution statement: © Crown Copyright and database rights (2021). Ordnance Survey 100022021; © Wolverhampton City Council; © Birmingham City Council; cit: 1775 Map of the County of Stafford - W. Yates

This map shows where the adult population (population 18+) with limited English ability. This is shown by the percent and count of adult population. The pop-up provides more information about the breakdown of language in the area.The pattern is shown by states, counties, and tracts. There are bookmarks in the map to help you jump to different cities. You can also search for any city in the Untied States to learn more about that area. The data is from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) most current 5-year estimates, Table B16004. Layers also contain data from Table B16003. The data is updated annually when the Census releases their newest estimates. To learn more about the ACS tables used in this layer and additional information about the layer, visit the layer metadata here.

This dataset shows areas within the Midlands Heartland Heathland corridor, which, according to their soils and historic habitats, may be suitable for heathland creation. The data provides evidence to aid the targetining of heathland restoration and creation in a crucial landscape corridior. Attribution statement: © Natural England. Soils Data © Cranfield University (NSRI) and for the Controller of HMSO [2021]; © Crown Copyright and database rights (2021). Ordnance Survey 100022021; © Wolverhampton City Council; © Birmingham City Council; cit: 1775 Map of the County of Stafford - W. Yates

This is the ONS Postcode Directory (ONSPD) for the United Kingdom as at February 2024 in Comma Separated Variable (CSV) and ASCII text (TXT) formats. This file contains the multi CSVs so that postcode areas can be opened in MS Excel. To download the zip file click the Download button. The ONSPD relates both current and terminated postcodes in the United Kingdom to a range of current statutory administrative, electoral, health and other area geographies. It also links postcodes to pre-2002 health areas, 1991 Census enumeration districts for England and Wales, 2001 Census Output Areas (OA) and Super Output Areas (SOA) for England and Wales, 2001 Census OAs and SOAs for Northern Ireland and 2001 Census OAs and Data Zones (DZ) for Scotland. It now contains 2021 Census OAs and SOAs for England, Wales and Northern Ireland. It helps support the production of area-based statistics from postcoded data. The ONSPD is produced by ONS Geography, who provide geographic support to the Office for National Statistics (ONS) and geographic services used by other organisations. The ONSPD is issued quarterly. (File size - 231 MB) Please note that this product contains Royal Mail, Gridlink, LPS (Northern Ireland), Ordnance Survey and ONS Intellectual Property Rights.

Coordinates in British National Grid of typicality features used to define the centre of Southampton, UK for 12 years from 1560 to the 2015. The map sources were: Southampton Atlas, 1560 (Sheet II) Southampton Atlas, 1611 (Sheet III) Southampton Atlas, 1791 (Sheet IX) Southampton Atlas, 1862 (Sheet XII) Elizabethan Times catalogue, 1835 (Map 19) Elizabethan Times catalogue, 1866 (Map 21) Historic Ordnance Survey map data, 1890, Epoch 2 (County Series 1st Revision) Historic Ordnance Survey map data, 1910, Epoch 3 (County Series 2nd Revision) Historic Ordnance Survey map data, 1930, Epoch 4 (County Series 3rd Revision) Historic Ordnance Survey map data, 1960, Epoch i5 (National Grid Imperial, 6 inches to the mile, First Editions) Historic Ordnance Survey map data, 1990, Epoch m7 (National Grid 1:10,000 metric and 10,560 Imperial - Latest editions) Ordnance Survey, 2015, MasterMap Topography

Update, Autumn 2024: We have now published an interactive dashboard which is designed to provide typical average daily flows by month or by site for the purposes of long-term trend monitoring. This approach to data provision will enable users to access data in a more timely fashion, as the dashboard refreshes on a daily basis. The data in this dashboard has also been cleaned to remove 'non-neutral' and erroneous days of data from average flow calculations. Please examine the front page of the dashboard for clarity on what this means. This dashboard is available at the following link: Cambridgeshire & Peterborough Insight – Roads, Transport and Active Travel – Traffic Flows – Traffic Flows Dashboard (cambridgeshireinsight.org.uk) The background: In spring and summer 2019, a series of smart traffic sensors were installed in Cambridge to monitor the impact of the Mill Road bridge closure. These sensors were installed for approximately 18 months in order to gather data before the closure, during the time when there was no vehicle traffic coming over Mill Road Bridge and then after the bridge re-opened. Due to the success of the sensors and the level of insight it is possible to gain, additional sensors have since been installed in more locations across the county. A traffic count sites map showing the locations of the permanent and annually monitored sites across the county, including the Vivacity sensor locations, is available on Cambridgeshire Insight. The data Data from the longer-term Vivacity sensors from 2019-2022 is available to download from the bottom of this page. The Vivacity sensor network grew considerably during 2022 and as a result, manual uploading of the data is no longer feasible. Consideration is currently being given to methods to streamline and/or automate Vivacity data sharing. The data below provides traffic counts at one-hour intervals, broken down into 8 vehicle categories. Data is provided (with caveats – see bottom of page) from the installation of the sensor up to 31/12/2022. The 8 vehicle categories are: 'Car', 'Pedestrian', 'Cyclist', 'Motorbike', 'Bus', 'OGV1', 'OGV2' and 'LGV'. The counts are broken down into inbound (In) and outbound (Out) journeys. Please see the 'Location List' below to establish which compass directions the 'In' and 'Out' are referring to for each sensor, as it differs by location. Some sensors record counts across multiple 'count-lines' which enables the sensor to provide more accurate counts at different points across the road, for example footways, cycle ways and the road. This is particularly useful for picking up pedestrians. Sensors with multiple count lines often present data for the road, the left-hand side footway (LHS) and the right-hand side footway (RHS) respectively. To determine the total flow, simply aggregate the centre, LHS and RHS count-lines. Please note that new countlines have been introduced over time for some sensors so care should be taken to make sure all necessary countlines are included when calculating a total flow. In some locations sensor hardware has been replaced and the sensor number has therefore changed (e.g. the Perne Road sensor was originaly named "16" but was subsequently replaced and renamed "44"). Please refer to the 'Location List' file which details the current and previous sensor numbers at each location. Caveats: 1. Data quality: ​A Vivacity sensor performance monitoring exercise was undertaken in 2022 to determine the level of accuracy of the Vivacity sensors. The findings of this exercise are documented in a technical note. The note helps to highlight data limitations and provides guidance on how best to work with the Vivacity data. A key finding within the note is that the v1 hardware Vivacity sensors (a small group of older hardware sensors) have been found to struggle to accurately count pedestrians and cyclists. As of December 2022, the only sensors that continue to use v1 hardware are on Milton Road (s13), Coleridge Road (s3), Vinery Road (s4), Coldham's Lane (s7), Devonshire Road cycle bridge (s12) and Hills Road (s14). Full details are provided within the tehcnical note. The note also helps to highlight data limitations and provides guidance on how best to work with the Vivacity data. 2. Data gaps: The sensors are designed to capture data 24 hours per day, 7 days per week however there are occasions when sensors go down and are not able to capture data or only capture partial data that is therefore not representative. The Research Group make every effort to remove data believed to be misleading but this cannot be guaranteed and the user is responsible for sense checking the data and excluding anything considered erroneous prior to use. The Research Group exclude days where very low or zero flows have been recorded for the day. Within the spreadsheets, these rows will simply appear blank when downloaded – indicating that the sensor is live and active during this time, but the output is not deemed reliable enough for publication. 3. British summer time / clocks changing: The data is provided in hourly intervals in the local time zone. When the clocks go forward at the end of March and the clocks go backwards at the end of October there are therefore missing / duplicate hours included within the data. On 27 October 2019, 25 October 2020, and 31 October 2021, all countlines will show two separate values for 1am. This is due to clocks going back at 1am in the morning on these dates. As these days were all 25-hours long we have kept both instances in the data for full transparency. Similarly, all countlines on 29 March 2020, 28 March 2021, and 27 March 2022 will show no values at all for 1-2am. This is due to the clocks going forward by one hour on these dates meaning they were 23-hour days.

The 2020 TIGER/Line Shapefiles contain current geographic extent and boundaries of both legal and statistical entities (which have no governmental standing) for the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Island areas. This vintage includes boundaries of governmental units that match the data from the surveys that use 2020 geography (e.g., 2020 Population Estimates and the 2020 American Community Survey). In addition to geographic boundaries, the 2020 TIGER/Line Shapefiles also include geographic feature shapefiles and relationship files. Feature shapefiles represent the point, line and polygon features in the MTDB (e.g., roads and rivers). Relationship files contain additional attribute information users can join to the shapefiles. Both the feature shapefiles and relationship files reflect updates made in the database through September 2020. To see how the geographic entities, relate to one another, please see our geographic hierarchy diagrams here. Census Urbanized Areashttps://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2020/UAC Census Urban/Rural Census Block Shapefileshttps://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/geo/shapefiles/index.php 2020 TIGER/Line and Redistricting shapefiles:https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.2020.html Technical documentation:https://www2.census.gov/geo/pdfs/maps-data/data/tiger/tgrshp2020/TGRSHP2020_TechDoc.pdf TIGERweb REST Services:https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/tigerwebmain/TIGERweb_restmapservice.html TIGERweb WMS Services:https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/tigerwebmain/TIGERweb_wms.html The legal entities included in these shapefiles are:American Indian Off-Reservation Trust LandsAmerican Indian Reservations – FederalAmerican Indian Reservations – StateAmerican Indian Tribal Subdivisions (within legal American Indian areas)Alaska Native Regional CorporationsCongressional Districts – 116th CongressConsolidated CitiesCounties and Equivalent Entities (except census areas in Alaska)Estates (US Virgin Islands only)Hawaiian Home LandsIncorporated PlacesMinor Civil DivisionsSchool Districts – ElementarySchool Districts – SecondarySchool Districts – UnifiedStates and Equivalent EntitiesState Legislative Districts – UpperState Legislative Districts – LowerSubminor Civil Divisions (Subbarrios in Puerto Rico) The statistical entities included in these shapefiles are:Alaska Native Village Statistical AreasAmerican Indian/Alaska Native Statistical AreasAmerican Indian Tribal Subdivisions (within Oklahoma Tribal Statistical Areas)Block Groups3-5Census AreasCensus BlocksCensus County Divisions (Census Subareas in Alaska)Unorganized Territories (statistical county subdivisions)Census Designated Places (CDPs)Census TractsCombined New England City and Town AreasCombined Statistical AreasMetropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas and related statistical areasMetropolitan DivisionsNew England City and Town AreasNew England City and Town Area DivisionsOklahoma Tribal Statistical AreasPublic Use Microdata Areas (PUMAs)State Designated Tribal Statistical AreasTribal Designated Statistical AreasUrban AreasZIP Code Tabulation Areas (ZCTAs)Shapefiles - Features:Address Range-FeatureAll Lines (called Edges)All RoadsArea HydrographyArea LandmarkCoastlineLinear HydrographyMilitary InstallationPoint LandmarkPrimary RoadsPrimary and Secondary RoadsTopological Faces (polygons with all geocodes)Relationship Files:Address Range-Feature NameAddress RangesFeature NamesTopological Faces – Area LandmarkTopological Faces – Area HydrographyTopological Faces – Military Installations