“Aggregates” is the term geologists use to describe rocks used for building and construction purposes. Aggregate Potential Mapping (APM) aims to identify areas where aggregate is most likely to be found. In this project, “pits” are excavations into Quaternary sediments, and the gravel pit inventory is used to score Granular Aggregate Potential, “quarries” are excavations into bedrock, and the quarry inventory is used to score Crushed Rock Aggregate Potential.Evidence of extraction over time is a key indicator of aggregate potential. While older pits and quarries are important to include, the generally larger operations of recent times receive the highest scores in the APM process. These latter are also of more relevance in that they reflect the demands of modern aggregates production, both in market type and in material standards.This map shows the areas where pits and quarries occur across Ireland. The areas are displayed according to the period of activity.It is a vector dataset. Vector data portray the world using points, lines, and polygons (areas). The data is shown as polygons. Each polygon holds information on the county it is located, Pit or Quarry, Local Authority Reference, Site name, Site address, Operator, Status, Mineral, Processing, Products, Additional Details, Hours of operation, Source dataset and Activity Period.This map shows the locations where pits and quarries occur across Ireland. The areas are displayed according to type.It is a vector dataset. Vector data portray the world using points, lines, and polygons (areas). The data is shown as points. Each point holds information on the ID, Coordinates, Pit or Quarry Type, Age, Notes and Mineral Location Number.Please read the metadata lineage for further information.Please zoom in beyond 1:400,000 to see the data.

“Aggregates” is the term geologists use to describe rocks used for building and construction purposes. Aggregate Potential Mapping (APM) aims to identify areas where aggregate is most likely to be found. In this project, “pits” are excavations into Quaternary sediments, and the gravel pit inventory is used to score Granular Aggregate Potential, “quarries” are excavations into bedrock, and the quarry inventory is used to score Crushed Rock Aggregate Potential.Evidence of extraction over time is a key indicator of aggregate potential. While older pits and quarries are important to include, the generally larger operations of recent times receive the highest scores in the APM process. These latter are also of more relevance in that they reflect the demands of modern aggregates production, both in market type and in material standards.This map shows the locations where pits and quarries occur across Ireland. The areas are displayed according to type.It is a vector dataset. Vector data portray the world using points, lines, and polygons (areas). The data is shown as points. Each point holds information on the ID, Coordinates, Pit or Quarry Type, Age, Notes and Mineral Location Number.Please read the metadata lineage for further information.Please zoom in beyond 1:400,000 to see the data.

This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows the location and name of active mineral workings in the UK and is derived from the BGS BritPits (British Pits) database. The BritPits database of onshore mineral workings in the UK is based on the records of the BGS, the Coal Authority, industry sources and the Valuation Office Agency (Minerals) and is maintained by the BGS Onshore Minerals and Energy Resources Programme. The database describes individual workings, both currently active and formerly worked, in terms of name, location (including Mineral Planning Authority), ownership, basic geology, commodity produced and end-uses. Contact details including the operator name, address, postcode and telephone and fax numbers are held where known. The location of over 6000 workings are held, with about 2000 currently being worked. The data can be produced digitally, under licence, in formats to meet customer requirements, such as locations of workings or operator addresses, and is suitable for use in GIS applications using the British National Grid. Although the GeoIndex is updated at regular intervals more information may be available than is shown at any one time.

The authorisation to open a quarry on land is governed by an Environmental Protection Classified Facility (EPCI) (Article R.511-9 of the Environmental Code). In addition, Articles 109 and 109-1 of the Mining Code provide for the possibility of creating special quarrying areas for the preservation of quarry materials for the conservation of quarry materials for the territory and at international level (Articles L.321-1 of the Mining Code and Articles 1 to 6 of Decree No. 97-181 of 28 February 1997). In addition to the general provisions for the opening and operation of a quarry, a special area may be defined in a given geographical area for one or more quarrying substances. The research and exploitation of the latter shall be subject to: — authorisation to search for the so-called substance(s), with a maximum duration of 3 years renewable, in the absence of the consent of the land owner in the light of the applicant’s technical and financial capacity and the planned work; — an exclusive quarry permit (initially valid for a maximum of 10 years) to exploit the substance(s), excluding any other person and/or occupy land necessary for such exploitation.These areas are established by decree in the Council of State in the light of an environmental impact assessment of the activities envisaged, after consulting the departmental quarry commission(s) concerned and a two-month public inquiry.

Map of materials resources in Aquitaine

“Aggregates” is the term geologists use to describe rocks used for building and construction purposes. Aggregate Potential Mapping (APM) aims to identify areas where aggregate is most likely to be found. In this project, “pits” are excavations into Quaternary sediments, and the gravel pit inventory is used to score Granular Aggregate Potential, “quarries” are excavations into bedrock, and the quarry inventory is used to score Crushed Rock Aggregate Potential.Evidence of extraction over time is a key indicator of aggregate potential. While older pits and quarries are important to include, the generally larger operations of recent times receive the highest scores in the APM process. These latter are also of more relevance in that they reflect the demands of modern aggregates production, both in market type and in material standards.This map shows the areas where pits and quarries occur across Ireland. The areas are displayed according to the period of activity.It is a vector dataset. Vector data portray the world using points, lines, and polygons (areas). The data is shown as polygons. Each polygon holds information on the county it is located, Pit or Quarry, Local Authority Reference, Site name, Site address, Operator, Status, Mineral, Processing, Products, Additional Details, Hours of operation, Source dataset and Activity Period.Please read the metadata lineage for further information.Please zoom in beyond 1:400,000 to see the data.

An excavation or pit, usually open to the air, from which building stone or the like is obtained by cutting, blasting etc

Data Dictionary for quarry_poly: https://docs.topo.linz.govt.nz/data-dictionary/tdd-class-quarry_poly.html

This layer is a component of the Topo50 map series. The Topo50 map series provides topographic mapping for the New Zealand mainland, Chatham and New Zealand's offshore islands, at 1:50,000 scale.

Further information on Topo50: http://www.linz.govt.nz/topography/topo-maps/topo50

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ADMMR map collection: Santa Rita Limestone Quarry, Map of Claims; 1 in. to 300 feet; 18 x 21 in.

Ouche GIS grouping, quarries of the Cantal Department, thirteen types of data attributaires:Nom of the establishment/Commune code/postal code/Communes/Address/Material/Inspection number/Inspection date/Authorisation date/End date of authorisation/Tonnage per year

Map Service of delimitations approved in Decree 61/1999, of May 28, 1999, of the revision of the Sectoral Master Plan for quarries of the Balearic Islands.

ADMMR map collection: Paulden Project, Apache Quarry, Drill Site Location Map; 1 in. to 500 feet; 50 x 32 in.

ADMMR map collection: Santa Rita Limestone Quarry, Section 'A-A', Looking S.30 deg E; 1 in. to 40 feet; 19 x 17 in.

STQ = predicted likelihood of stone quarries and TRE = predicted likelihood of scarred trees. The feature models have been derived in two forms: The first form (“p1750XXX” where XXX denotes three letter feature code) predicts likelihood of feature distribution prior to European colonisation of NSW. The second form (“curr_XXX” where XXX denotes three letter feature code) predicts feature likelihood in the current landscape. For both sets of feature likelihood layers, cell values range from 0 – 1000, where 0 indicates low likelihood and 1000 is high likelihood. Please note the scale is likelihood and NOT probability. Likelihood is defined as a relative measure indicating the likelihood that a grid cell may contain the feature of interest relative to all other cells in the layer.

ADMMR map collection: Santa Rita Limestone Quarry, Property Map; 1 in. to 200 feet; 30 x 42 in.

This location is part of the Arizona Mineral Industry Location System (AzMILS), an inventory of mineral occurences, prospects and mine locations in Arizona. Cochise785 is located in T16S R23E Sec 33 NE in the Dragoon - 7.5 Min quad. This collection consists of various reports, maps, records and related materials acquired by the Arizona Department of Mines and Mineral Resources regarding mining properties in Arizona. Information was obtained by various means, including the property owners, exploration companies, consultants, verbal interviews, field visits, newspapers and publications. Some sections may be redacted for copyright. Please see the access statement.

Layered GeoPDF 7.5 Minute Quadrangle Map. Layers of geospatial data include orthoimagery, roads, grids, geographic names, elevation contours, hydrography, and other selected map features.

Maine Mineral Resources Data was produced by the Maine Geological Survey in 2009. It was derived from the U.S. Geological Survey's Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS). MRDS is a worldwide database of mineral site records with related geologic, commodity, and deposit information. The USGS data were combined with records from the Maine Geological Survey's "Maine Metallic Mineral Deposits Database" and "Maine Mineral Localities Index."

This location is part of the Arizona Mineral Industry Location System (AzMILS), an inventory of mineral occurences, prospects and mine locations in Arizona. Coconino531 is located in T22N R2W Sec 24 NE in the Hearst Mountain - 15 Min quad. This collection consists of various reports, maps, records and related materials acquired by the Arizona Department of Mines and Mineral Resources regarding mining properties in Arizona. Information was obtained by various means, including the property owners, exploration companies, consultants, verbal interviews, field visits, newspapers and publications. Some sections may be redacted for copyright. Please see the access statement.

These are the files containing other information used for this thesis from which the various maps showing locations of quarries, samples, and artefacts were created. Each is in .csv format. The files are:

• Artefact data file.csv
• Quarries.csv
• Trace element map sample locations.csv

Artefact data file.csv: On line databases for 10 Swedish museums were searched for their steatite artefacts, and the information was compiled to this file. For those artefacts where the location was given only in the form of a place name I consulted online maps, including the Swedish National Map service, https://minkarta.lantmateriet.se/ and https://www.google.com/maps to determine a latitude and longitude for the address/location described. If the exact location could not be determined, or was not listed, but the database listed the parish in which it was found, then the location of the parish was determined from https://socknar.se/, and the location of the parish church was recorded. If there was not even a parish listed, then the approximate centre of the province was recorded. These three levels of accuracy for the location are recorded under the variable name “accuracy”.

Quarries.csv: The data for these steatite quarry, outcrop, and prospect locations was primarily obtained from the Norwegian Geological Survey (https://geo.ngu.no/kart/mineralressurser_mobil/) for the quarries located in Norway, and the Swedish Geological Survey (https://apps.sgu.se/kartvisare/kartvisare-malm-mineral.html) for those located in Sweden. This information was supplemented with some data from my own field work when collecting samples, and from the Swedish national archaeological database (https://app.raa.se/open/fornsok/).

Trace element map sample locations.csv: This file contains information specific to the samples analysed with LA-ICP-MS for this thesis, with location and geologic information coming from the quarry locations file (see above), and the information pertaining to the sample and trace-element composition map number, which epoxy mount it is in, and the date of analysis is recorded from working notes.

Note: It was discovered that version 1 of this data set didn't have all three files, so version 2 was uploaded.