This dataset contains 25m resolution raster formatted data derived from the Centre of Ecology and Hydrology's (CEH) Land Cover Map 2000 (LCM2000) data for the Thorney Island, South Coast of England, UK, NCAVEO calibration/validation (cal/val) test site. The NERC funded Network for Calibration and Validation of EO (NCAVEO) campaign was designed to illustrate and explain the processes involved in cal/val of earth observation data.

This dataset contains level 2 vector formatted data derived from the Centre of Ecology and Hydrology's (CEH) Land Cover Map 2000 (LCM2000) data for the Thorney Island, South Coast of England, UK, NCAVEO calibration/validation (cal/val) test site. The NERC funded Network for Calibration and Validation of EO (NCAVEO) campaign was designed to illustrate and explain the processes involved in cal/val of earth observation data.

This map was produced as part of the site selection process for the Greater Thames Estuary AoS.

It aimed to characterise the habitat features of the AoS, and to identify the areas of Annex I habitat present.

Original classification system: Marine Habitat Classification for Britain and Ireland

Survey Techniques: Sidescan sonars, Towed video, grabs and acoustic ground discrimination systems (AGDS) were used to determine the biotope

This geophysical survey was carried out under contract for the Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) as part of a Regional Environmental Characterisation, the survey took place from the 8th March to the 18th March 2010. This project is to extend the mapped coverage of the Eastern English Channel Marine Habitat Map (EECMHM) to include the coastal platform from Saltdean east to Dungeness and provide an integrated map dataset covering this extension area The geophysical data was acquired using Surface Tow Boomer and Sidescan sonar equipment. Technical detail of the survey are contained in BGS Open Report OR/10/052.

A Natural England commissoined verification survey of intertidal sediments within the Thanet Coast rMCZ. Phase I Biotope mapping was carried out across the rMCZ for broad scale habitats. The data was used to produce a EUNIS Level 3 boradscale habitat map of the Thanet Coast rMCZ.

A series of maps covering the north and south coastal areas of Kenya. The original survey was undertaken as a project under the British Technical co-operation programme arranged between the Government of Kenya and the Government of the United Kingdom (Overseas development Administration. The geological mapping was carried out between 1977 and 1980. The topographic backdrop was derived from the 1: 50 000 scale Y731 Series with updated road information. Each map shows a coastal section and the geology associated with it. The maps are black and which and rely on the map codes to identify the geology at any given location.

The South Wight Maritime European Marine Site (SWS EMS) is comprised of a variety of different types of reef including chalk, limestone, sandstone, clay / mudstone, greensand bedrock and boulder reefs, along with a number of sea caves and sea cave complexes. This high diversity of habitats is of considerable value as they support a high diversity of marine communities and therefore the diversity of the whole site. condition. This dataset is derived from a report commissioned by Natural England to assess the condition of intertidal rocky shore communities as a sub feature of the Reefs as well as the intertidal sea cave communities.

The geological inventory of The Netherlands is one of the tasks of the NIAG. Its aim is to map the subsoil (quaternary, Tertiary) of the southern North Sea. The maps have been made using contouring/mapping (ZMAP+) and GIS (Arc/Info) software.

The geological inventory of The Netherlands is one of the tasks of the NIAG. Its aim is to map the subsoil (quaternary, Tertiary) of the southern North Sea. Maps are available at scales of 1:1000000, 1:250000 and 1:1000000.

Map showing a range of geomorphology environments across south east Kenya. These include areas formed in a littoral, paralic, denudational, volcanic and fluvial environments. These are shown for coastal, interior hills and plateaus, interior plains and coastal hills and plateaus. Map is part of the Coast Province Geoscience Project financed by the Netherlands Foundation for the Advancement of Tropical Research (WOTRO).

AquaMaps are computer-generated predictions of natural occurrence of marine species, based on the environmental tolerance of a given species with respect to depth, salinity, temperature, primary productivity, and its association with sea ice or coastal areas. These 'environmental envelopes' are matched against an authority file which contains respective information for the Oceans of the World. Independent knowledge such as distribution by FAO areas or bounding boxes are used to avoid mapping species in areas that contain suitable habitat, but are not occupied by the species. Maps show the color-coded likelihood of a species to occur in a half-degree cell, with about 50 km side length near the equator. Experts are able to review, modify and approve maps.

Environmental envelopes are created in part (FAO areas, bounding boxes, depth ranges) from respective information in species databases such as FishBase and in part from occurrence records available from OBIS or GBIF. AquaMaps predictions have been validated successfully for a number of species using independent data sets and the model was shown to perform equally well or better than other standard species distribution models, when faced with the currently existing suboptimal input data sets (Ready et al. 2010).

The creation of AquaMaps is supported by the following projects: MARA, Pew Fellows Program in Marine Conservation, INCOFISH, Sea Around Us, and Biogeoinformatics of Hexacorals.

Kaschner, K., D.P. Tittensor, J. Ready, T Gerrodette and B. Worm (2011). Current and Future Patterns of Global Marine Mammal Biodiversity. PLoS ONE 6(5): e19653. PDF

Ready, J., K. Kaschner, A.B. South, P.D Eastwood, T. Rees, J. Rius, E. Agbayani, S. Kullander and R. Froese (2010). Predicting the distributions of marine organisms at the global scale. Ecological Modelling 221(3): 467-478. PDF

Copyright Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY-NC) You are welcome to include maps from www.aquamaps.org in your own web sites for non-commercial use, given that such inserts are clearly identified as coming from AquaMaps, with a backward link to the respective source page.

Contacts Rainer Froese, GEOMAR, Coordinator rfroese@geomar.de Kristin Kaschner, Uni Freiburg, model development Kristin.Kaschner@biologie.uni-freiburg.de Ma. Lourdes D. Palomares, UBC, extension to non-fish marine organisms m.palomares@fisheries.ubc.ca Sven Kullander, NRM, extension to freshwater ve-sven@nrm.se Jonathan Ready, NRM, implementation jonathan.ready@gmail.com Tony Rees, formerly with CSIRO, mapping tools Tony.Rees@marinespecies.org Paul Eastwood, SOPAC, validation Paul.Eastwood@sopac.org Andy South, CEFAS, validation andy.south@cefas.co.uk Josephine Rius-Barile, Q-quatics, database programming / data collection j.barile@q-quatics.org Cristina Garilao, GEOMAR, web programming cgarilao@geomar.de Kathleen Kesner-Reyes, Q-quatics, map validation k.reyes@q-quatics.org Elizabeth Bato, Q-quatics, map validation (non-fish) e.david@q-quatics.org

Citing AquaMaps

General citation Kaschner, K., K. Kesner-Reyes, C. Garilao, J. Rius-Barile, T. Rees, and R. Froese. 2019. AquaMaps: Predicted range maps for aquatic species. World wide web electronic publication, www.aquamaps.org, version 10/2019.

Cite individual maps as, e.g., Computer Generated Map for Gadus morhua (Atlantic cod). www.aquamaps.org, version 10/2019 (accessed 01 Oct 2019).

Reviewed Native Distribution Map for Gadus morhua (Atlantic cod). www.aquamaps.org, version 10/2019 (accessed 01 Oct 2019).

Cite biodiversity maps as, e.g., Shark and Ray Biodiversity Map. www.aquamaps.org, version 10/2019 (accessed 01 Oct 2019).

Cite the environmental dataset as, e.g., Kesner-Reyes, K., Segschneider, J., Garilao, C., Schneider, B., Rius-Barile, J., Kaschner, K., and Froese, R.(editors). AquaMaps Environmental Dataset: Half-Degree Cells Authority File (HCAF). World Wide Web electronic publication, www.aquamaps.org/main/envt_main.php, ver. 7, 10/2019.

Using Full or Large Sets of AquaMaps Data We encourage partnering with the AquaMaps team for larger research projects or publications that would make intensive use of AquaMaps to ensure that you have access to the latest version and/or reviewed maps, the limitations of the data set are clearly understood and addressed, and that critical maps and/or unlikely results are recognized as such and double-checked for correctness prior to drawing conclusions and/or subsequent publication.

The AquaMaps team can be contacted through Rainer Froese (rfroese@geomar.de) or Kristin Kaschner (Kristin.Kaschner@biologie.uni-freiburg.de).

Privacy Policy AquaMaps uses log data generate usage statistics. Like most websites, AquMaps gathers information about internet protocol (IP) addresses, browser, referring pages, operating system, date/time, clicks, and visited pages, and store it in log files. This information is used to find errors in our website, analyze trends, and determine country of origin of our users. The log files are stored indefinitely. Only the administrators of the AquaMaps server has direct access to the log files. The information is used to inform further development of AquaMaps. Usage statistics may be shared with third parties for non-commercial purposes.

Disclaimer AquaMaps generates standardized computer-generated and fairly reliable large scale predictions of marine and freshwater species. Although the AquaMaps team and their collaborators have obtained data from sources believed to be reliable and have made every reasonable effort to ensure its accuracy, many maps have not yet been verified by experts and we strongly suggest you verify species occurrences with independent sources before usage. We will not be held responsible for any consequence from the use or misuse of these data and/or maps by any organization or individual.

Copyright This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License (CC-BY-NC). You are welcome to include text, numbers and maps from AquaMaps in your own web sites for non-commercial use, given that such inserts are clearly identified as coming from AquaMaps, with a backward link to the respective source page. Note that although species photos and drawings draw mainly from FishBase and SeaLifeBase, they belong to the indicated persons or organizations and have their own copyright statements.

The GEBCO_2020 Grid is a global continuous terrain model for ocean and land with a spatial resolution of 15 arc seconds. In regions outside of the Arctic Ocean area, the grid uses as a base Version 2 of the SRTM15_plus data set (Tozer, B. et al, 2019). This data set is a fusion of land topography with measured and estimated seafloor topography. Included on top of this base grid are gridded bathymetric data sets developed by the four Regional Centers of The Nippon Foundation-GEBCO Seabed 2030 Project. The GEBCO_2020 Grid represents all data within the 2020 compilation. The compilation of the GEBCO_2020 Grid was carried out at the Seabed 2030 Global Center, hosted at the National Oceanography Centre, UK, with the aim of producing a seamless global terrain model. Outside of Polar regions, the gridded bathymetric data sets supplied by the Regional Centers, as sparse grids, i.e. only grid cells that contain data were populated, were included on to the base grid without any blending. The data sets supplied in the form of complete grids (primarily areas north of 60N and south of 50S) were included using feather blending techniques from GlobalMapper software. The GEBCO_2020 Grid has been developed through the Nippon Foundation-GEBCO Seabed 2030 Project. This is a collaborative project between the Nippon Foundation of Japan and the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO). It aims to bring together all available bathymetric data to produce the definitive map of the world ocean floor by 2030 and make it available to all. Funded by the Nippon Foundation, the four Seabed 2030 Regional Centers include the Southern Ocean - hosted at the Alfred Wegener Institute, Germany; South and West Pacific Ocean - hosted at the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, New Zealand; Atlantic and Indian Oceans - hosted at the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, USA; Arctic and North Pacific Oceans - hosted at Stockholm University, Sweden and the Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping at the University of New Hampshire, USA.

The GEBCO_2019 Grid is a global continuous terrain model for ocean and land with a spatial resolution of 15 arc seconds. The grid uses as a ‘base’ Version 1 of the SRTM15_plus data set (Sandwell et al). This data set is a fusion of land topography with measured and estimated seafloor topography. It is largely based on version 11 of SRTM30_plus (5). Included on top of this base grid are gridded bathymetric data sets developed by the four Regional Centers of The Nippon Foundation-GEBCO Seabed 2030 Project, and from a number of international and national data repositories and regional mapping initiatives. The GEBCO_2019 Grid represents all data within the 2019 compilation. The compilation of the GEBCO_2019 Grid was carried out at the Seabed 2030 Global Center, hosted at the National Oceanography Centre, UK, with the aim of producing a seamless global terrain model. The majority of the compilation was done using the 'remove-restore' procedure (Smith and Sandwell, 1997; Becker, Sandwell and Smith, 2009 and Hell and Jakobsson, 2011). This is a two stage process of computing the difference between the new data and the ‘base’ grid and then gridding the difference and adding the difference back to the existing ‘base’ grid. The aim is to achieve a smooth transition between the 'new' and 'base' data sets with the minimum of perturbation of the existing base data set. The data sets supplied in the form of complete grids (primarily areas north of 60N and south of 50S) were included using feather blending techniques from GlobalMapper software. The GEBCO_2019 Grid has been developed through the Nippon Foundation-GEBCO Seabed 2030 Project. This is a collaborative project between the Nippon Foundation of Japan and the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO). It aims to bring together all available bathymetric data to produce the definitive map of the world ocean floor by 2030 and make it available to all. Funded by the Nippon Foundation, the four Seabed 2030 Regional Centers include the Southern Ocean - hosted at the Alfred Wegener Institute, Germany; South and West Pacific Ocean - hosted at the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, New Zealand; Atlantic and Indian Oceans - hosted at the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, USA; Arctic and North Pacific Oceans - hosted at Stockholm University, Sweden and the Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping at the University of New Hampshire, USA).

This dataset defines the boundaries of twelve Nature Recovery Projects forming a key part of the 25 Year Environment Plan’s commitment to deliver the Nature Recovery Network (NRN). The twelve projects included in this dataset are: East of Eden, Purple Horizons, Somerset Coast Levels and Moors, G7 Legacy, Wye Valley, Wendling Beck, Lost Wetlands, Heathland Connections, Bradford & South Pennines, Seaford to Eastbourne: Drink-in the Downs, Tees Estuary Recovering Nature (TERN), Cambridge Nature Network. The boundary for the Lost Wetlands Project has not yet been confirmed and is subject to change.The Nature Recovery Projects form a key part of the 25 Year Environment Plan’s commitment to deliver the Nature Recovery Network (NRN). They aim to follow Lawton principles to create more, bigger, better and, crucially, connected, sustained and functional wildlife-rich places. Places that counter biodiversity loss, adapt to climate change and support the needs of local communities. They will provide natural solutions to reduce carbon emissions, enhance our landscapes and cultural heritage, manage flood risk and enable  people to enjoy and connect with nature where they live, work and play – benefiting health and wellbeing. This dataset shows the location and boundaries of Nature Recovery Projects throughout England. The main outline of each one was provided by the project lead, and in some cases these were refined by following geographic or administrative boundairies as listed below: OS Open rivers (OGL), AONBs (OGL), County Boundaries (OGL), OS Open Roads (OGL), SSSIs (OGL), Environmentally Sensitive Areas (OGL), Flood Risk Zone 3 (OGL), NNRs (OGL), Marine Conservation Zone (OGL).Full metadata can be viewed on data.gov.uk.