France Exports of maps, hydrographic or similar charts (printed) to United Kingdom was US$700.87 Thousand during 2024, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. France Exports of maps, hydrographic or similar charts (printed) to United Kingdom - data, historical chart and statistics - was last updated on November of 2025.

The three digital maps provided in this product aim to assess the degree of Offshore windfarm siting suitability existing over the geographical area extent with a focal point where waters of France, Ireland and UK meet. The maps display respectively the spatial distribution of the average and lowest windfarm siting suitability scores along with the average wind speed distribution over a time period of 10 years. They are part of a process set up to assess the fit for use quality of the currently available datasets to support a preliminary selection of potential offshore sites for wind energy development. To build these maps, GIS tools were applied to several key spatial datasets from the 5 data type domains considered in the project: Air, Marine Water, Riverbed/Seabed, Biota/Biology and Human Activities, collated during the initial stages of the project. Initially, each selected dataset was formatted and clipped to the study area extent and spatially classified according to suitability scores, to define raster layers with the variables depicting levels of current anthropogenic and environmental spatial occupation of activities, seabed depth and slope, distances to shoreline, shipping intensity, mean significant wave height, and substrate type. These pre-processed layers were employed as inputs for applying a spatial multi-criteria model using a wind farming suitability classification based on a discrete 5 grades index, ranging from Very Low up to Very High suitability. In adition to suitability maps, an average wind speed spatial distribution map for a 10 years period, at 10 m height, was obtained over the study area from the raster processing of a wind speed time series of monthly means available from daily wind analysis data. The characteristics of the datasets used in this exercise underwent an appropriateness evaluation procedure based on a comparison between their measured quality and those specified for the product. The most part of the area was classified with low scores due to the high depths, unsuited seafloor and remote location in average 350 km from land, despite the low presence of human activities. All the spatial information made available in these maps and from the subsequent appropriateness analysis of the datasets, contributes to a clearer overview of the amount of public-access baseline knowledge currently existing for the North Atlantic basin area.

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows two condensed maps which use dots and proportional circles to illustrate the distribution of population of French and British origin, respectively, according to the 1951 census of Canada. Each map is accompanied by a pie chart which shows the British origin and French origin percentage population distribution by province and territory. For Canadian census purposes, a person's origin or cultural group is traced through the father to the paternal ancestor on first arrival to this continent. The term 'British' embraces all those of British Isles origin, that is, it includes those from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and the Republic of Ireland.

France Imports from United Kingdom of Maps, Hydrographic or Similar Charts (Printed) was US$654.2 Thousand during 2024, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. France Imports from United Kingdom of Maps, Hydrographic or Similar Charts (Printed) - data, historical chart and statistics - was last updated on November of 2025.

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows two condensed maps which use dots and proportional circles to illustrate the distribution of population of French and British origin, respectively, according to the 1951 census of Canada. Each map is accompanied by a pie chart which shows the British origin and French origin percentage population distribution by province and territory. For Canadian census purposes, a person's origin or cultural group is traced through the father to the paternal ancestor on first arrival to this continent. The term 'British' embraces all those of British Isles origin, that is, it includes those from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and the Republic of Ireland.

Snapshot img

Digital Map Market Size 2025-2029

The digital map market size is forecast to increase by USD 31.95 billion at a CAGR of 31.3% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is driven by the increasing adoption of intelligent Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) and the availability of location-based services. PDAs, such as smartphones and smartwatches, are becoming increasingly integrated with digital map technologies, enabling users to navigate and access real-time information on-the-go. The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) enables remote monitoring of cars and theft recovery. Location-based services, including mapping and navigation apps, are a crucial component of this trend, offering users personalized and convenient solutions for travel and exploration. However, the market also faces significant challenges.
Ensuring the protection of sensitive user information is essential for companies operating in this market, as trust and data security are key factors in driving user adoption and retention. Additionally, the competition in the market is intense, with numerous players vying for market share. Companies must differentiate themselves through innovative features, user experience, and strong branding to stand out in this competitive landscape. Security and privacy concerns continue to be a major obstacle, as the collection and use of location data raises valid concerns among consumers.

What will be the Size of the Digital Map Market during the forecast period?

Explore in-depth regional segment analysis with market size data - historical 2019-2023 and forecasts 2025-2029 - in the full report.
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In the market, cartographic generalization and thematic mapping techniques are utilized to convey complex spatial information, transforming raw data into insightful visualizations. Choropleth maps and dot density maps illustrate distribution patterns of environmental data, economic data, and demographic data, while spatial interpolation and predictive modeling enable the estimation of hydrographic data and terrain data in areas with limited information. Urban planning and land use planning benefit from these tools, facilitating network modeling and location intelligence for public safety and emergency management.

Spatial regression and spatial autocorrelation analyses provide valuable insights into urban development trends and patterns. Network analysis and shortest path algorithms optimize transportation planning and logistics management, enhancing marketing analytics and sales territory optimization. Decision support systems and fleet management incorporate 3D building models and real-time data from street view imagery, enabling effective resource management and disaster response. The market in the US is experiencing robust growth, driven by the integration of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Global Positioning Systems (GPS), and advanced computer technology into various industries.

How is this Digital Map Industry segmented?

The digital map industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Application

  Navigation
  Geocoders
  Others


Type

  Outdoor
  Indoor


Solution

  Software
  Services


Deployment

  On-premises
  Cloud


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    UK


  APAC

    China
    India
    Indonesia
    Japan
    South Korea


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Application Insights

The navigation segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. Digital maps play a pivotal role in various industries, particularly in automotive applications for driver assistance systems. These maps encompass raster data, aerial photography, government data, and commercial data, among others. Open-source data and proprietary data are integrated to ensure map accuracy and up-to-date information. Map production involves the use of GPS technology, map projections, and GIS software, while map maintenance and quality control ensure map accuracy. Location-based services (LBS) and route optimization are integral parts of digital maps, enabling real-time navigation and traffic data.

Data validation and map tiles ensure data security. Cloud computing facilitates map distribution and map customization, allowing users to access maps on various devices, including mobile mapping and indoor mapping. Map design, map printing, and reverse geocoding further enhance the user experience. Spatial analysis and data modeling are essential for data warehousing and real-time navigation. The automotive industry's increasing adoption of connected cars and long-term evolution (LTE) technologies have fueled the demand for digital maps. These maps enable driver assistance applications,

Geolocet's Administrative Boundaries Spatial Data serves as the gateway to visualizing geographic distributions and patterns with precision. The comprehensive dataset covers all European countries, encompassing the boundaries of each country, as well as its political and statistical divisions. Tailoring data purchases to exact needs is possible, allowing for the selection of individual levels of geography or bundling all levels for a country with a discount. The seamless integration of administrative boundaries onto digital maps transforms raw data into actionable insights.

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Understanding the geographical context is crucial for strategic decision-making. Geolocet's Administrative Boundaries Spatial Data empowers exploration of geo patterns, planning expansions, analysis of regional demographics, and optimization of operations with precision. Whether it is for establishing new business locations, efficient resource allocation, or policy impact analysis, this data provides the essential geographic context for success.

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The integration of Geolocet's Administrative Boundaries Spatial Data with Geolocet's Demographic Data creates a synergy that enriches insights. The combination of administrative boundaries and demographic information offers a comprehensive understanding of regions and their unique characteristics. This integration enables tailoring of strategies, marketing campaigns, and resource allocation to specific areas with confidence.

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Combining Geolocet's Administrative Boundaries Spatial Data with our POI (Points of Interest) Data unveils not only the administrative divisions but also insights into the local characteristics of these areas. Overlaying POI data on administrative boundaries reveals details about the number and types of businesses, services, and amenities within specific regions. Whether conducting market research, identifying prime locations for retail outlets, or analyzing the accessibility of essential services, this combined data empowers a holistic view of target areas.

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United Kingdom Imports from France of Maps, Hydrographic or Similar Charts (Printed) was US$1.1 Million during 2024, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. United Kingdom Imports from France of Maps, Hydrographic or Similar Charts (Printed) - data, historical chart and statistics - was last updated on November of 2025.

groundwater resource maps of Europe at 1:500000 scale. This includes links to country based reports and and final project report there are 38 map sets with four different themes: 1. Inventory of aquifers; 2. Hydrogeology of aquifers; 3. Groundwater abstraction; 4. Potential additional groundwater resources. The maps, covering 9 countries - Belgium, Federal Republic of Germany, Denmark, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands and United Kingdom, were compiled from existing data sources.

Website: http://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/content/groundwater-resources-maps-europe-0

Get an accurate and fresh 2D geospatial representation of the world's road networks, points of interest (POIs), land use and land cover across the globe.

Across multiple industries, you can select the best map type and location content products for your specific use case or application. Build your own tailored interactive map with road segments, addresses, cartographic data and administrative areas.

HERE Maps can be further enriched with additional curated and specialized location content products that enable you to build differentiating location-enabled services and applications.

This project systematically processed high-resolution and manuscript historical maps to unlock a dormant body of information about the historical development of cities and regions during periods of structural economic transformation.

The work was organised across six interlinked work packages, combining empirical and theoretical analysis in the UK, France, and Canada. Outputs included peer-reviewed publications and robust algorithms for extracting spatial data from historical sources, contributing valuable tools and insights to the fields of urban economics and economic history.

This data package contains three segmentation codes designed to extract features and segment historical maps.

Little is known about the patterns of city development during the structural transformation of economies. This project will systematically process high-resolution and manuscript historical maps to make a dormant body of information about our cities' and regions' past accessible.

The proposed research will advance our understanding of long-run urban growth through the development of three innovative methodologies, which will overcome practical limitations of historical data sources: 1) A technique to extract land use patterns from historical colour maps applied to France (1750-1950); 2) A recognition algorithm to detect, tag and geo-locate points of interest in historical high-quality maps of the 70 largest urban centre in England and Wales; 3) An algorithm to geo-locate address information from Micro-censuses and trade registers.

We have identified four main research questions that will be developed in the following separate research projects. In Project 1, the main question is: what are the long-term empirical patterns of urban development, most notably the persistence of the spatial organisation of economic activity and the role of building infrastructure in shaping such persistence? In Project 2, the main question is: How do environmental disamenities and their unequal distribution within cities affect the spatial organisation of consumption amenities and production? In Project 3, the main question is: Do cities grow towards their bad parts, their neighbourhoods with the lowest environmental amenities? In Project 4, the main question is: How does vertical growth and advances in building technologies affect the spatial organisation of cities?

To address these research questions, we will organise our workflow in six inter-connected work packages (WP):

WP1--Classification of land use in France (1750-2015): The objective of WP1 will be to recover land use information at a fine scale from digitised maps using state-of-the-art machine learning techniques;

WP2--Digitisation of micro-features embedded in Ordnance Survey (OS) city maps of England and Wales (1870-1960);

WP3--Geo-localization of residents and production units in England and Wales (1851-1911);

WP4--Dynamic model of city growth with persistent building stock: WP4 builds a general equilibrium model of spatial economic activity that embeds the durability of housing and infrastructure and exploits the three hundred years of population settlement data produced in WP1;

WP5--Pollution and the long-run development of cities: WP5 builds on WP2,3 and proposes to study the joint dynamics of residential sorting and the location of production within cities to understand how a major environmental disamenity-industrial pollution-affects the spatial organisation of cities in the longer-run;

WP6--Horizontal and vertical urban growth in Montreal and Toronto: WP6 will bridge between the previous working packages WP1, WP2, WP4 and WP5, and study--empirically and theoretically--horizontal and vertical urban growth.

The project will be jointly led by three teams. The French team will be composed of Gobillon (PI), Combes (CoI) and Duranton (TM) who have contributed to the development of major theoretical approaches in urban economics. The Canadian team will be led by Heblich (PI), who is a lead researcher in urban economics/economic history, and Fortin (Co-I), a lead in GIS analysis. The UK team will be led by Zylberberg (PI), who is an economist specialist in data extraction form historical sources and remote sensing. Shaw-Taylor and Schürer, advisory board, will help design the analysis of the population micro-censuses between 1851 and 1911 (WP3). The collaboration partner, Redding (TM), involved in the design of WP3 and the implementation of WP6, is one of the World lead researchers in urban economics.

Outputs will include articles in top economic journals, and detailed algorithms to extract relevant spatial information from manuscript maps.

"The aim of the Eastern English Channel Marine Habitat Map (EECMHM) study is to produce integrated regional habitat maps. The principal driver is the planned exploitation of substantial marine aggregate resources in this area and the need to place these resources in a wider spatial context to inform management decicisionsrelating to sustainable use and conservation. The EECMHM study provides this context through regional scale geological and biological interpretations and will contribute to the effective stewardship of the marine environment by providing broader understanding of how the potential resource areas relate to the wider wider regional ecology and physical processes. The study area covers an extensive sea bed area of approximately 5090km² between Selsey Bill and Dungeness, out to the UK/France median line, centred on ten current aggregate licence application areas."

United Kingdom Exports of maps, hydrographic or similar charts (printed) to France was US$1 Million during 2024, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. United Kingdom Exports of maps, hydrographic or similar charts (printed) to France - data, historical chart and statistics - was last updated on October of 2025.

Snapshot img

HD Map For Autonomous Vehicles Market Size 2024-2028

The HD map for autonomous vehicles market size is forecast to increase by USD 14 billion at a CAGR of 40.5% between 2023 and 2029

The market is experiencing significant growth, driven by the increasing adoption of autonomous vehicles and the development of advanced connected infrastructure. The integration of high-definition maps into autonomous systems enables vehicles to navigate complex environments more accurately and efficiently, reducing the risk of accidents and improving overall performance. HD map creation for autonomous vehicles is a complex process involving data acquisition, aggregation, and integration of advanced technologies such as AI and machine learning. However, the high cost associated with the technology remains a significant challenge for market expansion. Manufacturers must continue to innovate and find cost-effective solutions to make HD maps an essential component of autonomous vehicles, rather than a luxury. Companies seeking to capitalize on this market opportunity should focus on collaborating with infrastructure providers, developing scalable and cost-effective HD mapping technologies, and ensuring seamless integration with autonomous systems. By addressing these challenges and leveraging the growing demand for autonomous vehicles and advanced infrastructure, market participants can effectively navigate the strategic landscape and drive long-term success.

What will be the Size of the Market during the forecast period?

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The market is experiencing significant growth as the global push towards advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) and fully autonomous vehicles (AVs) continues. HD Maps, which utilize technologies such as Lidar, SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping), and digital cameras, play a crucial role in enabling AVs to navigate roads safely and efficiently. These maps provide real-time, high-precision data to AV systems, allowing them to identify and respond to road conditions, obstacles, and other vehicles in real time. The market is expected to reach a substantial size in the coming years, driven by the increasing demand for shared mobility services, including ride-sharing and robo-taxi services.
The integration of 5G networks is also expected to accelerate the adoption of HD Maps, as they enable faster and more reliable data transmission between vehicles and maps. The market is witnessing continuous innovation, with companies investing heavily in research and development to improve the accuracy and coverage of HD Maps. Additionally, the integration of HD Maps with other technologies, such as sensor fusion and deep learning algorithms, is expected to further enhance the capabilities of AVs. Overall, the HD Map market for autonomous vehicles is a dynamic and rapidly evolving market, poised for significant growth in the coming years.

How is this Industry segmented?

The industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

Solution

  Cloud-based
  Embedded


Vehicle Type

  Passenger
  Commercial


Geography

  North America

    US


  Europe

    Germany
    UK


  APAC

    China
    Japan


  Middle East and Africa



  South America

By Solution Insights

The cloud-based segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. HD maps are a critical component in the advancement of autonomous vehicles. These high-definition maps offer enhanced accuracy and precision for navigation, while their cloud-based infrastructure ensures accessibility and ease of updates. This enables autonomous vehicles to navigate complex and unfamiliar environments more effectively. Notable industry players, such as NavInfo Co. Ltd. (Navinfo), HERE Global BV (HERE), TomTom NV (TomTom), and NVIDIA Corp. (NVIDIA), prioritize cloud-based solutions and real-time services for their HD mapping offerings. The integration of 5G networks further enhances the capabilities of HD maps, contributing to the growth of autonomous driving technology in passenger and commercial vehicles.

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The cloud-based segment was valued at USD 1047.3 million in 2019 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Regional Analysis

North America is estimated to contribute 40% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period. Technavio's analysts have elaborately explained the regional trends and drivers that shape the market during the forecast period.

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The market in North America is primarily driven by the United States, where the increasing deployment of semi-au

This map data product provides accurate, real-time, and historical GPS event records across Europe. Ideal for applications in mapping, spatial analytics, and movement tracking, the dataset delivers location intelligence with granular detail and high data quality.

Data Composition Each record contains: GPS coordinates (latitude, longitude) Timestamp (epoch & date) Device ID (MAID: IDFA/GAID) Country code (ISO3) Horizontal accuracy (85% fill rate) Optional: IP address, carrier, device model

Access & Delivery The dataset is available via API with polygon queries (up to 10,000 tiles), enabling targeted spatial analysis for POIs, regions, or entire cities. Data can be delivered hourly or daily in JSON, CSV, or Parquet formats, via AWS S3, Google Cloud, or direct API access. Historical backfill is available from September 2024.

Key Attributes

Real-time updates with 95% of events available within 3 days Custom schema mapping & folder structures GDPR & CCPA compliant data sourcing and opt-out processes Credit-based pricing for scalability Applications Map creation and enhancement Urban mobility mapping Retail catchment analysis Transport route optimization POI mapping and visitation analytics Geospatial risk and impact studies

IntroductionAutistic people may have different educational needs that need to be met to allow them to develop their full potential. Education and disability policies remain within the competence of EU Member States, with current educational standards and provisions for autistic people implemented locally. This scoping review aims to map EU and national special education policies with the goal of scoping the level of fulfilment of the right to education of autistic people.MethodsFour EU countries (United Kingdom, France, Poland and Spain) were included in this scoping review study. Governmental policies in the field of education, special education needs and disability law were included. Path dependency framework was used for data analysis; a net of inter-dependencies between international, EU and national policies was created.Results and discussionEach country created policies where the right to free education without discrimination is provided. Poland does not have an autism specific strategy, whereas the United Kingdom, France and Spain have policies specifically designed for autistic individuals. Within the United Kingdom, all countries created different autism plans, nevertheless all aim to reach the same goal—inclusive education for autistic children that leads to the development of their full potential.ConclusionPolicy-making across Europe in the field of education has been changing through the years in favour of autistic people. Today their rights are noticed and considered, but there is still room for improvement. Results showed that approaches and policies vastly differ between countries, more Member States should be analysed in a similar manner to gain a broader and clearer view with a special focus on disability rights in Central and Eastern Europe.

Depicted on this map is British North America less than one hundred years after the fall of New France. It also shows the emergence of British influence prior to Confederation. British North America circa 1823 was comprised of Lower Canada, Upper Canada, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland (including the Labrador Coast). The Northwest Territories were considered British possessions, while the Hudson’s Bay Company controlled Rupert’s Land. The United States and Britain jointly administered the Oregon Territory. This map along with New France circa 1740 shows the settlement and population in Canada for two important periods in Canadian history prior to Confederation.

The Risk-behaviour map is a document intended to aid access to and transfer of key data between research groups in the European project Safeconsume. The map covers only steps from retail to consumption for the case studies in Safeconsume where the consumer can reduce risk for foodborne infection (CCHs, Critical Consumer Handling).

The map contains information about observed/reported behaviours that can affect risk for foodborne infection divided by country, consumer group, pathogen, food and step in the journey from retail to consumption.

Details about data collection is given in: Skuland, S.E., Borda, D., Didier, P., Dumitras¸cu, L., Ferreira, V., Foden, M., Langsrud, S., Maître, I., Martens, L., Møretrø, T., Nguyen-The, C., Nicolau, A. I., Nunes, C., Rosenberg, T. G., Teigen, H. M., Teixeira, P., Truninger, M., 2020. European Food Safety: Mapping Critical Food Practices and Cultural Differences in France, Norway, Portugal, Romania and the UK, in: Skuland, S.E. (Ed.). SIFO report, Oslo. ODA Open Digital Archive: European food safety: Mapping critical food practices and cultural differences in France, Norway, Portugal, Romania and the UK (oslomet.no)

Questions about the RM-map can be raised to the SafeConsume project coordinator: Solveig.langsrud@nofima.no

Variable list:

Name

Description

CCH/Critical steps

Identification of the step and flow diagram the entry belongs to: The step in the flow diagram where the consumer through actions or choices can significantly reduce risk of foodborne infection

The CCHs/critical steps belong to one of the following processes: Poultry and vegetables (PVF), Eggs (EGG), Shellfish (SHE), Ready-to-Eat (RTE). Each step is accompanied by the principle of risk reducing effect:

Food choice: Buy or eat food with lower risk (e.g avoid buying food if not stored properly in shop, buying pasteurised products, choosing to eat food before use-by-date). Applies to all pathogens.

Inhibit growth: Storing ready-to-eat food at cool temperature and consume within expiration date or adding preservatives. Applies to Listeria and Salmonella

Wash/Remove: Wash vegetables and fruit. Applies to all pathogens

Kill/Heat: Heat treatment to kill pathogens, freezing (Campylobacter)

Personal hygiene: Avoid cross-contamination through hand washing or not touching food. Not preparing food when sick

Hygiene: Avoid cross-contamination through washing surfaces and using clean utensils

Cause or sources

Description of causes and sources for the hazard to occur (presence, survival, transfer or growth of pathogen). See Appendix 3 for details

Consumer Id

Unique identifier of consumer.

Pathogen

The pathogen(s) that are relevant for the specific CCH/critical step

Expert opinion: Effect on pathogen

Effect of behaviour on the hazard estimated by a team of microbiologists.

Effect on pathogen

The effect on pathogen is an estimate of the change in the level of viable pathogens as a direct or indirect consequence of the behaviour, action or process.

Consumer group, education, income, rural/urban and country

When applicable, demographic data associated with the entry.

Classification

Name

Attributes

Classification, llist of codes/units

CCH/Critical step

Predefined, multiple choices

EGG 1 Food choice

EGG 3.2 Hygiene

EGG 4a Inhibit growth

EGG 4b Inhibit growth

EGG 5.1 Hygiene

EGG 5.2 Personal hygiene

EGG 6a Kill

EGG 6b Kill

EGG 6c Food choice

EGG 6c Inhibit growth

EGG 7.3 Inhibit growth

EGG 8.3 Inhibit growth

EGG 9.1 Inhibit growth

EGG 11.3 Inhibit growth

PVF 1.1 Food choice

PVF 1.2 Food choice

PVF 2.1 Inhibit growth

PVF 3a Inhibit growth

PVF 3a Kill

PVF 3b Inhibit growth

PVF 5.1 Personal hygiene

PVF 5.2 Personal hygiene

PVF 6.1 Kill

PVF 7a Wash/Remove

PVF 7b Personal hygiene

PVF 7b Wash/Remove

PVF 8b Hygiene

PVF 8b Personal Hygiene

PVF 9.1 Hygiene

PVF 10.1 Hygiene

PVF 11.1 Inhibit growth

PVF 11.2 Inhibit growth

RTE 1.1 Food choice

RTE 3.1 Inhibit growth

RTE 6.1 Inhibit growth

RTE 4b Personal hygiene

RTE 5.2 Hygiene

RTE 5.2 Personal hygiene

RTE 6.1 Inhibit growth

RTE 7.1 Inhibit growth

RTE 7.2 Personal hygiene

SHE 1.1 Food choice

SHE 7.1 Kill

No risk

Not designated to CCH

Causes/sources

Free text

Consumer ID

Free text

Pathogen

Predefined, multiple choice

Salmonella: S. Enterica

Campylobacter: C. jejuni

Listeria: Listeria monocytogenes

Norovirus

Toxoplasma: Toxoplasma gondii

Expert opinion: Effect on pathogen

Predefined

High reduction: This behaviour will have a high reduction on the level of pathogens on food/surfaces/hands

Median reduction: This behaviour will reduce the level of pathogens on food/surfaces/hands

No effect: This behaviour will most likely not have a significant effect on the level of viable pathogens (< 1 log10 reduction/increase or less than 10 cells/particles transfer) For food choice: Random choice is rated as no effect

Median increase: This behaviour will lead to a higher number of pathogens

High increase: This behaviour will significantly increase the number of pathogens on food/surfaces/hands

Effect on pathogen comment

Free text

Consumer group

Predefined

Elderly; >70 years, men and women

Pregnant women; immunocompromized

Young family: Couples (married or cohabitant) where the women is pregnant or living with their own child(ren) (including stepchildren and adopted children) aged less than 12 months

Young, single man: Men age 20-29, Living alone or with flatmates

Other: Consumers not belonging to the defined groups

Educational level

Predefined

Basic

Secondary

Tertiary

Not given

Living area

Predefined

Rural

Urban

Income

Predefined

Low

Median

High

Country

Predefined

Portugal, France, Romania, UK, Norway, Hungary,