Two global GIS-covers in ESRI shape format were produced: one contains polylines representing the maritime boundaries;the second holds polygons representing the EEZs. When all the boundary lines were constructed, the lines could be aggregated and an EEZ-polygon per country was derived. For the land-side border, the boundaries of the world countries were used, on the sea-side the boundaries were aggregated for each country. Separate polygons were created for islands (ex.: Azores) and dependencies (ex.: Réunion) but those polygons are linked with their corresponding sovereign nation (in the attribute table).

An exclusive economic zone (EEZ) is a sea zone prescribed by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea over which a sovereign state has special rights over the exploration and use of marine resources, including energy production from water and wind. This maritime boundary is designed to be used with other marine boundaries in order to help determine areas of trade, commerce and transportation. The 200 NM zone is measured country-by-country from the baseline maritime boundary (usually, but not in all cases, the mean low-water mark used is not the same thing as the coast line). For each country, we've obtained the official list of the baseline points from the United Nations under Maritime Space.The exclusive economic zone stretches much farther into sea than the territorial waters, which end at 12 NM (22 km) from the coastal baseline (if following the rules set out in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea). Thus, the EEZ includes the contiguous zone. States also have rights to the seabed of what is called the continental shelf up to 350 NM (648 km) from the coastal baseline, beyond the EEZ, but such areas are not part of their EEZ. The legal definition of the continental shelf does not directly correspond to the geological meaning of the term, as it also includes the continental rise and slope, and the entire seabed within the EEZ. The chart below diagrams the overlapping jurisdictions which are part of the EEZ. When the (EEZ) boundary is between countries which are separated by less than 200NM is settled by international tribunals at any arbitrary line. Many countries are still in the process of extending their EEZs beyond 200NM using criteria defined in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. Dataset Summary The data for this layer were obtained from https://www.marineregions.org/. Link to source metadata.Preferred Citation: VLIZ (2014). Maritime Boundaries Geodatabase, version 8. Available online at http://www.marineregions.org/. Consulted on 2015-03-28.These limits and boundaries were created for NOAA's internal purposes only to update the charted maritime limits and maritime boundaries on NOAA charts. These limits and boundaries do not represent the official depiction. For official depiction, please see NOAA's paper or raster nautical charts (Sourced from NOAA_Version 4.1, 9/10/2013). Also, this map service contains data from NOAA and BOEM sources and the VLIZ (2014) Maritime Boundaries Geodatabase, version 8. Available online at Marineregions.org. Consulted on 2014-12-02.What can you do with this layer?Within its EEZ, a coastal country has: (a) sovereign rights for the purpose of exploring, exploiting, conserving and managing natural resources, whether living or nonliving, of the seabed and subsoil and the superjacent waters and with regard to other activities for the economic exploitation and exploration of the zone, such as the production of energy from the water, currents and winds; (b) jurisdiction as provided for in international law with regard to the establishment and use of artificial islands, installations, and structures, marine scientific research, and the protection and preservation of the marine environment, and (c) other rights and duties provided for under international law.The features in this layer can be used for showing areas and limits of sovereignty, revenue sharing, for siting a renewable energy project, for commerce routes, and for vessel transportation tracking within ArcGIS Desktop and ArcGIS Online. An example application of the layers is listed below, from the Marine Cadastre site. If, by example, a renewable energy project is located within state waters, the rules of leasing for that particular state will apply (and therefore vary by state), and no revenues will go to the federal government.If any portion of the project location falls within the federal 8(g) zone, then 27 percent of the revenues collected by the federal government will be shared with those states whose coastlines are within 15 miles of the geographic center of the project area. If the shoreline of more than one state is within 15 miles of the geographic center of the project, all the states will share the revenue payments in proportion to the inverse distance of the nearest points of their respective coastlines to the geographic center of the project. See more on this topic at U.S.C. and C.F.R. If the location is entirely in federal waters seaward of the 8(g) zone, no collected revenues will go to the state(s).This layer is a feature service, which means it can be used for visualization and analysis throughout the ArcGIS Platform. This layer is not editable.

NOAA is responsible for depicting on its nautical charts the limits of the 12 nautical mile Territorial Sea, 24 nautical mile Contiguous Zone, and 200 nautical mile Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). The outer limit of each of these zones is measured from the U.S. normal baseline, which coincides with the low water line depicted on NOAA charts and includes closing lines across the entrances of legal bays and rivers, consistent with international law. The U.S. baseline and associated maritime limits are reviewed and approved through the interagency U.S. Baseline Committee, which is chaired by the U.S. Department of State. The Committee serves the function of gaining interagency consensus on the proper _location of the baseline using the provisions of the 1958 Convention on the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone, to ensure that the seaward extent of U.S. maritime zones do not exceed the breadth that is permitted by international law. In 2002 and in response to mounting requests for digital maritime zones, NOAA launched a project to re-evaluate the U.S. baseline in partnership with other federal agencies via the U.S. Baseline Committee. The focus of the baseline evaluation was NOAA's largest scale, most recent edition nautical charts as well as supplemental source materials for verification of certain charted features. This dataset is a result of the 2002-present initiative and reflects a multi-year iterative project whereby the baseline and associated maritime limits were re-evaluated on a state or regional basis. In addition to the U.S. maritime limits, the U.S. maritime boundaries with opposite or adjacent countries as well as the US/Canada International Boundary (on land and through the Great Lakes) are also included in this dataset.

Maritime limits for the United States are measured from the U.S. baseline, recognized as the low-water line along the coast as marked on NOAA's nautical charts in accordance with the articles of the Law of the Sea. The baseline and related maritime limits are reviewed and approved by the interagency U.S. Baseline Committee. The primary purpose of this dataset is to update the official depiction of these maritime limits and boundaries on NOAA's nautical charts. The Office of Coast Survey depicts on its nautical charts the territorial sea (12 nautical miles), contiguous zone (24nm), and exclusive economic zone (200nm, plus maritime boundaries with adjacent/opposite countries). U.S. maritime limits are ambulatory and subject to revision based on accretion or erosion of the charted low water line. To ensure you are up-to-date and for more information about U.S. Maritime Limits and Boundaries, see http://www.nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/csdl/mbound.htm. For the full FGDC metadata record, see http://www.ncddc.noaa.gov/approved_recs/nos_de/ocs/ocs/ocs/MB_ParentDataset.html. Coordinates for the US/Canada international boundary, on land and through the Great Lakes, are managed by the International Boundary Commission. These boundaries are included with this dataset for continuity.

This is a global dataset containing maritime boundaries derived fromt the VLIZ Maritime Boundaries Geodatabase. The concept of maritime boundaries is a relative new concept. Coastal states now want to delimit an area in the ocean where they have exclusive rights over the mineral and biological resources. The basis for the calculation of maritime boundaries is the declaration of a baseline. The conditions under which a state may establish such baseline are described in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). A baseline of a country can be the low water line, a straight baseline (a line that encloses bays, estuaries, inland waters,...) or a combination of the two. The zone extending 12 Nautical Miles from the baseline is the Territorial Sea and the zone extending 24 Nautical Miles is the Contiguous Zone of a country. The legal Exclusive Economic Zone is the zone extending 200 Nautical Miles from the baseline. When the space between two countries is less than 400 Nautical Miles, the boundary should be the Median Line or should be described in a multilateral treaty. Multilateral treaties and documents describing the baselines of countries can be found on the website of the United Nations (http://www.un.org/Depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/regionslist.htm). Those documents were a major source for the development of the database.

The maritime borders dataset contains the seaward boundaries of the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), the territorial sea and the baselines. They are condensed coordinates of the maritime border maps 2920 (North Sea) and 2921 (Baltic Sea). They are coordinates compressed (interpolated) to geodetic lines. The distance of the nodes on the geodetic connecting lines of the defined boundary points is less than or equal to 100 m. The maritime borders of Germany were proclaimed in the today no more usual coordinate system "European date 1950 (ED50)". This definition is based in particular on the announcement of the Federal Government's proclamation of 19 October 1994 on the extension of the German territorial sea (BGBl. I p. 3428) and the Federal Republic of Germany's proclamation of 25 November 1994 on the establishment of an exclusive economic zone (BGBl. II p. 3769), which are decisive with regard to the demarcation of the German territorial sea and the German exclusive economic zone. In order to be able to better use these boundaries in today's GIS systems and to avoid conversion errors, the Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency has derived the present usage coordinates in WGS 84. In this respect, they are not official maritime borders of Germany.

An exclusive economic zone extends from the outer limit of the territorial sea to a maximum of 200 nautical miles (370.4 km; 230.2 mi) from the territorial sea baseline, thus it includes the contiguous zone. A coastal nation has control of all economic resources within its exclusive economic zone, including fishing, mining, oil exploration, and any pollution of those resources. However, it cannot prohibit passage or loitering above, on, or under the surface of the sea that is in compliance with the laws and regulations adopted by the coastal State in accordance with the provisions of the UN Convention, within that portion of its exclusive economic zone beyond its territorial sea. Before the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 1982, coastal nations arbitrarily extended their territorial waters in an effort to control activities which are now regulated by the exclusive economic zone, such as offshore oil exploration or fishing rights (see Cod Wars). Indeed, the exclusive economic zone is still popularly, though erroneously, called a coastal nation's territorial waters. None

An exclusive economic zone extends from the outer limit of the territorial sea to a maximum of 200 nautical miles (370.4 km; 230.2 mi) from the territorial sea baseline, thus it includes the contiguous zone. A coastal nation has control of all economic resources within its exclusive economic zone, including fishing, mining, oil exploration, and any pollution of those resources. However, it cannot prohibit passage or loitering above, on, or under the surface of the sea that is in compliance with the laws and regulations adopted by the coastal State in accordance with the provisions of the UN Convention, within that portion of its exclusive economic zone beyond its territorial sea. Before the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 1982, coastal nations arbitrarily extended their territorial waters in an effort to control activities which are now regulated by the exclusive economic zone, such as offshore oil exploration or fishing rights (see Cod Wars). Indeed, the exclusive economic zone is still popularly, though erroneously, called a coastal nation's territorial waters. None

An exclusive economic zone (EEZ) is a sea zone prescribed by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea over which a sovereign state has special rights over the exploration and use of marine resources, including energy production from water and wind. The 200 NM zone is measured, country-by-country, from another maritime boundary, the baseline (usually but not in all cases the mean low-water mark, used is not the same thing as the coast line. For each country, the official list of the baseline points is obtained from the United Nations Law of the Sea Maritime Space (http://www.un.org/depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/regionslist.htm).

The data for this layer were obtained from http://www.marineregions.org/eezmethodology.php. The Preferred Citation for this data is Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) (2014), Maritime Boundaries Geodatabase, version 8 in conjunction with NOAA. The exclusive economic zone (EEZ) limits and boundaries were created for NOAA's purposes only to update the charted maritime limits and maritime boundaries on NOAA charts and for official depiction, please see NOAA's paper or raster nautical charts (Sourced from NOAA_Version 4.1, 9/10/2013). NOAA provides shapefiles of the Exclusive Economic Zones for different regions of the United States and its overseas territories. In a second phase the database of negotiated treaties from the United Nations Law of the Sea was consulted and imported into a GIS. The geographic coordinates from the documents were converted to decimal degrees and imported into a database. After importing them in ArcGIS, the points were connected by a line. The remaining boundaries were calculated in a GIS in accordance with the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea: a 200 Nautical Mile buffer was drawn from the baseline or a median line between 2 countries was calculated.

INSPIRE theme Maritime Administrative Units. These are condensed coordinates of the sea border maps 2920 (North Sea) and 2921 (Baltic Sea). They are (interpolated) coordinates condensed on geodetic lines. The distance between the nodes on the geodetic connecting lines of the defined border points is less than 100 m. The maritime borders of Germany were proclaimed in the coordinate system European Date 1950 (ED50), which is no longer common today. This definition is based in particular on the proclamation of the Federal Government on the extension of the German territorial sea of 19 October 1994 (Federal Law Gazette I p. 3428) and the proclamation of the Federal Republic of Germany on the establishment of an exclusive economic zone of 25 November 1994 (Federal Law Gazette II p. 3769), which are relevant with regard to the delimitation of the German territorial sea and the German exclusive economic zone. In order to be able to better use these limits in today's GI systems and to avoid conversion errors, the BSH has derived the user coordinates available here in WGS 84. In this respect, they are not official maritime borders of Germany.

Beyond the 12-nautical-mile (22 km) limit, there is a further 12 nautical miles (22 km) from the territorial sea baseline limit, the contiguous zone, in which a state can continue to enforce laws in four specific areas: customs, taxation, immigration and pollution, if the infringement started within the state's territory or territorial waters, or if this infringement is about to occur within the state's territory or territorial waters. None

This edition has been superseded by the Australia's Maritime Zones Edition 4 map published in October 2013. Geocat 69822. It no longer correctly reflects Australia's maritime zones and is kept for historical record only.

This map has been derived from Geoscience Australia's Australian Maritime Boundaries (AMB) version 2.0 data which is a digital representation of Australia's territorial sea baseline and the maritime limits and boundaries as established under the Sea and Submerged Lands Act 1973.

The map describes the different maritime zones, explains how Australia defines and updates its maritime boundaries, and lists the different maritime boundary arrangements with Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, France (New Calendonia and Kerguelen) and New Zealand.

The limits of the extended continental shelf beyond the exclusive economic zone, as shown on this map, are as submitted for consideration of the United Nations Commision on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS). In accordance with Australia's request the CLCS has indicated that it will not consider the extended continental shelf appurtenant to the Australian Antarctic Territory for the time being.

This map shows the extent of Australia's maritime boundaries, stretching from Heard and McDonald Islands in the west to Norfolk Island in the east, and from the Torres Strait and Arafura Sea in the north to the Australian Antarctic Territory in the south.

This map can be purchased in either flat or folded format. Also available as GIS data or PDF.

Product Specifications:

Coverage: Australia Currency: 2006 (printed map) Coordinates: Geographical Projection: Bonne with 134E longitude and 30S at projection centre Medium: Paper, flat and folded copies (printed map) available through Geoscience Australia's Sales Centre

You can also purchase hard copies of Geoscience Australia data and other products at http://www.ga.gov.au/products-services/how-to-order-products/sales-centre.html

This map supersedes the Australia's Maritime Zones/Boundaries Map Edition 4, published in November 2013. Catalogue Number/GeoCat 69822.

This map has been derived from Geoscience Australia's Australian Maritime Boundaries (AMB) 2014 data which is a digital representation of Australia's territorial sea baseline and the maritime limits and boundaries as established under the Sea and Submerged Lands Act 1973.

On the 9 April 2008 the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf confirmed Australia's continental shelf limits. This edition shows those limits together with those areas yet to be resolved and the area off the Australian Antarctic Territory that Australia requested the commission not consider for the time being.

The map describes the different maritime zones, explains how Australia defines and updates its maritime boundaries, and lists the different maritime boundary arrangements with Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, France (New Calendonia and Kerguelen) and New Zealand. It shows the extent of Australia's maritime boundaries, stretching from Heard and McDonald Islands in the west to Norfolk Island in the east, and from the Torres Strait and Arafura Sea in the north to the Australian Antarctic Territory in the south.

This map can be downloaded from the Web in PDF format.

Coverage: Australia Currency: 2014 (web map) Coordinates: Geographical Projection: Bonne with 134E longitude and 30S at projection centre Medium: Web delivery

You can also purchase hard copies of Geoscience Australia data and other products at http://www.ga.gov.au/products-services/how-to-order-products/sales-centre.html

Boundaries - Polygons - 200NM :

_Version 11 of the Exclusive Economic Zones from the VLIZ Maritime Boundaries Geodatabase. An exclusive economic zone (EEZ) is a seazone extending from a state's coast or baseline over which the state has special rights over the exploration and use of marine resources. Generally a state's EEZ extends 200 nautical miles out from its coast, except where resulting points would be closer to another country. This dataset also contains delimitation of disputed areas and joint regimes._

Update (2021-01-14): corrected centroid longitude for features crossing the dateline

This dataset builds on previous versions of the world's EEZ. In version 9, the 200 nautical miles outer limit was completely recalculated using a higher resolution coastline as a normal baseline (ESRI Countries 2014) and straight baselines, where available.

[...]polygon layer representing the Exclusive Economic Zone of countries. This dataset also contains digital information about treaties, joint regime, and disputed boundaries.

(Text as stated on the Marine Regions website)

Additional information:

Proposals for the WECAFC sub-area and divisional boundaries: https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/faoweb/FI_Meetings/WECAFC/FDSWG/2020/Ref8e.pdf

Data viewer: http://wecafc-firms.d4science.org/data-viewer/index.html

The primary purpose of this dataset is to update the official depiction of these maritime zones and maritime boundaries on NOAA's nautical charts. The limits of these zones are subject to modification, as represented on future charts. The limits shown on the most recent chart edition take precedence. NOAA is responsible for depicting on its nautical charts the limits of the 12 nautical mile Territorial Sea, 24 nautical mile Contiguous Zone, and 200 nautical mile Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). The outer limit of each of these zones is measured from the U.S. normal baseline, which coincides with the low water line depicted on NOAA charts and includes closing lines across the entrances of legal bays and rivers, consistent with international law. The U.S. baseline and associated maritime limits are reviewed and approved through the interagency U.S. Baseline Committee, which is chaired by the U.S. Department of State. The Committee serves the function of gaining interagency consensus on the proper location of the baseline using the provisions of the 1958 Convention on the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone, to ensure that the seaward extent of U.S. maritime zones do not exceed the breadth that is permitted by international law. In 2002 and in response to mounting requests for digital maritime zones, NOAA launched a project to re-evaluate the U.S. baseline in partnership with other federal agencies via the U.S. Baseline Committee. The focus of the baseline evaluation was NOAA's largest scale, most recent edition nautical charts as well as supplemental source materials for verification of certain charted features. This dataset is a result of the 2002-present initiative and reflects a multi-year iterative project whereby the baseline and associated maritime limits were re-evaluated on a state or regional basis. In addition to the U.S. maritime limits, the U.S. maritime boundaries with opposite or adjacent countries as well as the US/Canada International Boundary (on land and through the Great Lakes) are also included in this dataset.View Dataset on the Gateway

Chapter 1 of Title 18 of the Code of the Federated States of Micronesia, as amended by Public Law No. 19-172 on April 28, 2017, states that the Territorial Sea is a line, every point of which is 12 M seaward of the nearest point of the baseline. Waters landward of the baseline, including the lagoons of atolls or islands, are internal waters.

Annex I to the Permanent Regulation on the Maritime Boundaries and Maritime Zones of the Federated States of Micronesia proclaims the geographical coordinates of the territorial sea baselines of the separate islands of the Federated States of Micronesia.

The sovereignty of the Federated States of Micronesia extends to its internal waters, archipelagic waters, and Territorial Sea, including sovereign rights over the living and nonliving resources in the Territorial Sea and internal waters and in the airspace above the Territorial Sea, archipelagic waters, and internal waters as well as the seabed and subsoil.

https://www.un.org/depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/PDFFILES/Title18FSMCode.pdf

Based on the Samoa Maritime Zones Order 2017 which repealed the Maritime Zones Order 2014, the points to be used for determining the outer limits of the territorial sea are 12 nautical miles from the baseline. The list of the coordinates are stated under the Samoa Maritime Zones Order 2017. https://www.un.org/depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/PDFFILES/WSM_2017_MaritimeZ.pdf

In accordance to Maritime Zones, 1999, No. 18 25 August 1999(1) which repealed the The Territorial Sea Act, 1971, and the Exclusive Economic Zone Act, 1977, it states that the baseline of the territorial sea - Except as otherwise provided in section 7, the baseline from which the breadth of the territorial sea of Samoa is measured shall be the seaward side of – (a) The low-water mark of any reef fringing the coast of any part of Samoa; (b) The low-water line of any low tide elevation which is situated wholly or partly at a distance not exceeding the breadth of the territorial sea from the mainland or an island; (c) The low-water line along the coast of Samoa, in the case where a fringing reef is not present. https://www.un.org/depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/PDFFILES/WSM_1999_MaritimeZ.pdf

Territorial waters or a territorial sea, as defined by the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea,[1] is a belt of coastal waters extending at most 12 nautical miles (22.2 km; 13.8 mi) from the baseline (usually the mean low-water mark) of a coastal state. The territorial sea is regarded as the sovereign territory of the state, although foreign ships (civilian) are allowed innocent passage through it, or transit passage for straits; this sovereignty also extends to the airspace over and seabed below. Adjustment of these boundaries is called, in international law, maritime delimitation. The term "territorial waters" is also sometimes used informally to refer to any area of water over which a state has jurisdiction, including internal waters, the contiguous zone, the exclusive economic zone and potentially the continental shelf. None

Contiguous Zones from the VLIZ Maritime Boundaries Geodatabase. The Contiguous Zone is a band of water extending from the outer edge of the territorial sea to up to 24 nautical miles (44.4 km; 27.6 mi) from the baseline.

The product “Maritime limits and boundaries” (French: “Délimitations maritimes”) gathers all the elements used for the definition of the maritime spaces under the French sovereignty or jurisdiction through the world. Those spaces are defined by the Ordonnance n° 2016-1687 of 8 December 2016 relating to maritime spaces under sovereignty or jurisdiction of the French Republic. This ordonnance is the transcription in the French legislation of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) which was signed in Montego Bay (Jamaica) on 10 December 1982 end ratified by France on 11 April 1996. These elements of maritime limits and boundaries come from the limits computed by Shom on the basis of International Law, from the international agreements relating to maritime boundary and the technical conventions ratified between France and other States, from the decisions of international juridical bodies, from the recommendations of the Commission of the Limits of the Continental Shelf (UNO) or from unilateral claims from France in the absence of agreement. The elements are divided into seven themes: 1- Straight baselines 2- Outer limits of the territorial sea (12 nautical miles) 3- Outer limits of the contiguous zone (24 nautical miles) 4- Outer limits of the exclusive economic zone (200 nautical miles) 5- Maritime boundaries established by a bilateral agreement or decided by an international juridical body 6- Maritime boundaries unilaterally claimed by France in the absence of agreement 7- Outer limit of the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles December 2022 version