Graph Database Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global graph database market size in 2024 stands at USD 2.92 billion, with a robust compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 21.6% projected from 2025 to 2033. By the end of 2033, the market is expected to reach approximately USD 21.1 billion. The rapid expansion of this market is primarily driven by the rising need for advanced data analytics, real-time big data processing, and the growing adoption of artificial intelligence and machine learning across various industry verticals. As organizations continue to seek innovative solutions to manage complex and interconnected data, the demand for graph database technologies is accelerating at an unprecedented pace.

One of the most significant growth factors for the graph database market is the exponential increase in data complexity and volume. Traditional relational databases often struggle to efficiently handle highly connected data, which is becoming more prevalent in modern business environments. Graph databases excel at managing relationships between data points, making them ideal for applications such as fraud detection, social network analysis, and recommendation engines. The ability to visualize and query data relationships in real-time provides organizations with actionable insights, enabling faster and more informed decision-making. This capability is particularly valuable in sectors like BFSI, healthcare, and e-commerce, where understanding intricate data connections can lead to substantial competitive advantages.

Another key driver fueling market growth is the widespread digital transformation initiatives undertaken by enterprises worldwide. As businesses increasingly migrate to cloud-based infrastructures and adopt advanced analytics tools, the need for scalable and flexible database solutions becomes paramount. Graph databases offer seamless integration with cloud platforms, supporting both on-premises and cloud deployment models. This flexibility allows organizations to efficiently manage growing data workloads while ensuring security and compliance. Additionally, the proliferation of IoT devices and the surge in unstructured data generation further amplify the demand for graph database solutions, as they are uniquely equipped to handle dynamic and heterogeneous data sources.

The integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning with graph databases is also a pivotal growth factor. AI-driven analytics require robust data models capable of uncovering hidden patterns and relationships within vast datasets. Graph databases provide the foundational infrastructure for such applications, enabling advanced features like predictive analytics, anomaly detection, and personalized recommendations. As more organizations invest in AI-powered solutions to enhance customer experiences and operational efficiency, the adoption of graph database technologies is expected to surge. Furthermore, continuous advancements in graph processing algorithms and the emergence of open-source graph database platforms are lowering entry barriers, fostering innovation, and expanding the market’s reach.

From a regional perspective, North America currently dominates the graph database market, owing to the early adoption of advanced technologies and the presence of major industry players. However, the Asia Pacific region is anticipated to witness the highest growth rate over the forecast period, driven by rapid digitalization, increasing investments in IT infrastructure, and the rising demand for data-driven decision-making across emerging economies. Europe also holds a significant share, supported by stringent data privacy regulations and the growing emphasis on innovation across sectors such as finance, healthcare, and manufacturing. As organizations across all regions recognize the value of graph databases in unlocking business insights, the global market is poised for sustained growth.

Component Analysis

The graph database market is broadly segmented by component into s

Quantum-Secure Database Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global quantum-secure database market size reached USD 1.24 billion in 2024, reflecting a robust demand for advanced data protection solutions as quantum computing threats loom larger. The market is experiencing a remarkable growth trajectory, registering a CAGR of 32.7% from 2025 to 2033. By 2033, the market is projected to attain a value of USD 17.45 billion. This explosive growth can be attributed to the increasing need for quantum-resistant encryption mechanisms across critical sectors, such as BFSI, healthcare, and government, as organizations race to future-proof their data infrastructure against quantum-enabled cyberattacks.

One of the primary growth drivers for the quantum-secure database market is the accelerating pace of quantum computing advancements. As quantum computers become more powerful, traditional cryptographic methods are rendered increasingly vulnerable, compelling organizations to seek quantum-resistant solutions. The rapid digital transformation across industries, fueled by the proliferation of cloud computing, big data, and IoT, has amplified the urgency to safeguard sensitive information from potential quantum threats. Regulatory bodies and industry watchdogs are also tightening compliance requirements, further pressuring enterprises to adopt quantum-secure databases to ensure the long-term confidentiality, integrity, and availability of mission-critical data.

Another significant factor propelling the quantum-secure database market is the heightened awareness and proactive investment by both public and private sectors. Governments worldwide are launching strategic initiatives and funding programs to accelerate the development and deployment of quantum-safe technologies. This includes not only research and development grants but also pilot projects in sectors like defense, finance, and healthcare, which are highly susceptible to data breaches. The collaboration between academia, technology vendors, and end-users is fostering an ecosystem that promotes innovation and rapid commercialization of quantum-secure database solutions. Furthermore, the increasing frequency and sophistication of cyberattacks underscore the importance of adopting next-generation cryptographic techniques, driving demand for quantum-secure databases.

The quantum-secure database market is also benefiting from the ongoing evolution of enterprise IT architectures. As organizations migrate to hybrid and multi-cloud environments, the complexity of securing data across diverse platforms intensifies. Quantum-secure databases offer a compelling value proposition by enabling seamless integration with existing IT infrastructure while providing robust protection against future quantum threats. The emergence of zero-trust security models and the adoption of advanced authentication mechanisms are further catalyzing the adoption of quantum-resistant solutions. Vendors are focusing on enhancing the scalability, performance, and usability of their offerings, making quantum-secure databases accessible to organizations of all sizes, from SMEs to large enterprises.

Regionally, North America is at the forefront of the quantum-secure database market, driven by substantial investments in quantum technology research and a highly mature cybersecurity landscape. Europe follows closely, bolstered by stringent data protection regulations and a strong emphasis on digital sovereignty. The Asia Pacific region is emerging as a significant growth engine, propelled by rapid digitalization, expanding IT infrastructure, and increasing government support for quantum-safe initiatives. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are gradually catching up, with growing awareness and adoption of quantum-secure solutions in critical sectors such as banking, government, and telecommunications.

Component Analysis

The quantum-secure database market by component is segmented into software, hardware, and services. The software segment dominates the marke

Open-Source Database Software Market size was valued at USD 10.00 Billion in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 35.83 Billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 20% during the forecast period 2026-2032.

Global Open-Source Database Software Market Drivers

The market drivers for the Open-Source Database Software Market can be influenced by various factors. These may include:

Cost-Effectiveness: Compared to proprietary systems, open-source databases frequently have lower initial expenses, which attracts organizations—especially startups and small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with tight budgets. Flexibility and Customisation: Open-source databases provide more possibilities for customization and flexibility, enabling businesses to modify the database to suit their unique needs and grow as necessary. Collaboration and Community Support: Active developer communities that share best practices, support, and contribute to the continued development of open-source databases are beneficial. This cooperative setting can promote quicker problem solving and innovation. Performance and Scalability: A lot of open-source databases are made to scale horizontally across several nodes, which helps businesses manage expanding data volumes and keep up performance levels as their requirements change. Data Security and Sovereignty: Open-source databases provide businesses more control over their data and allow them to decide where to store and use it, which helps to allay worries about compliance and data sovereignty. Furthermore, open-source code openness can improve security by making it simpler to find and fix problems. Compatibility with Contemporary Technologies: Open-source databases are well-suited for contemporary application development and deployment techniques like microservices, containers, and cloud-native architectures since they frequently support a broad range of programming languages, frameworks, and platforms. Growing Cloud Computing Adoption: Open-source databases offer a flexible and affordable solution for managing data in cloud environments, whether through self-managed deployments or via managed database services provided by cloud providers. This is because more and more organizations are moving their workloads to the cloud. Escalating Need for Real-Time Insights and Analytics: Organizations are increasingly adopting open-source databases with integrated analytics capabilities, like NoSQL and NewSQL databases, as a means of instantly obtaining actionable insights from their data.

Global Vector Database Market size & share estimated to surpass USD 10,409.89 million by 2032, to grow at a CAGR of 21.7% during the forecast period.

The Graph Database Market size was valued at USD 1.9 USD billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 7.91 USD billion by 2032, exhibiting a CAGR of 22.6 % during the forecast period. A graph database is one form of NoSQL database that contains and represents relationships as graphs. Graph databases do not presuppose the data as relations as most contemporary relational databases do, applying nodes, edges, and properties instead. The primary types include property graphs that permit attributes on the nodes and edges and RDF triplestores that center on subject-predicate-object triplets. Some of the features include; the method's ability to traverse relationships at high rates, the schema change is easy and the method is scalable. Some of the familiar use cases are social media, recommendations, anomalies or fraud detection, and knowledge graphs where the relationships are complex and require higher comprehension. These databases are considered valuable where the future connection between the items of data is as significant as the data themselves. Key drivers for this market are: Increasing Adoption of Cloud-based Managed Services to Drive Market Growth. Potential restraints include: Adverse Health Effect May Hamper Market Growth. Notable trends are: Growing Implementation of Touch-based and Voice-based Infotainment Systems to Increase Adoption of Intelligent Cars.

Graph Database Market size was valued at USD 2.86 Billion in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 14.58 Billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 22.6% from 2026 to 2032.

Global Graph Database Market Drivers

The growth and development of the Graph Database Market is attributed to certain main market drivers. These factors have a big impact on how Graph Database are demanded and adopted in different sectors. Several of the major market forces are as follows:

Growth of Connected Data: Graph databases are excellent at expressing and querying relationships as businesses work with datasets that are more complex and interconnected. Graph databases are becoming more and more in demand as connected data gains significance across multiple industries.

Knowledge Graph Emergence: In fields like artificial intelligence, machine learning, and data analytics, knowledge graphs—which arrange information in a graph structure—are becoming more and more popular. Knowledge graphs can only be created and queried via graph databases, which is what is causing their widespread use.

Analytics and Machine Learning Advancements: Graph databases handle relationships and patterns in data effectively, enabling applications related to advanced analytics and machine learning. Graph databases are becoming more and more in demand when combined with analytics and machine learning as businesses want to extract more insights from their data.

Real-Time Data Processing: Graph databases can process data in real-time, which makes them appropriate for applications that need quick answers and insights. In situations like fraud detection, recommendation systems, and network analysis, this is especially helpful.

Increasing Need for Security and Fraud Detection: Graph databases are useful for fraud security and detection applications because they can identify patterns and abnormalities in linked data. The growing need for graph databases in security solutions is a result of the ongoing evolution of cybersecurity threats.

Stay updated with Market Research Intellect's Database Servers Market Report, valued at USD 12.5 billion in 2024, projected to reach USD 24.7 billion by 2033 with a CAGR of 8.5% (2026-2033).

Big Data Analytics Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global Big Data Analytics market size reached USD 318.5 billion in 2024, reflecting robust adoption across various industries. The market is poised to grow at a CAGR of 13.2% from 2025 to 2033, and is forecasted to attain a value of USD 857.4 billion by 2033. This remarkable expansion is driven by the escalating volume of data generated worldwide, the proliferation of digital transformation initiatives, and the increasing demand for actionable business intelligence. As organizations continue to leverage advanced analytics to gain competitive advantages, the Big Data Analytics market is set for unprecedented growth in the coming years.

The primary growth factor fueling the Big Data Analytics market is the exponential increase in data generation from diverse sources such as social media, IoT devices, enterprise applications, and cloud platforms. Organizations are increasingly recognizing the value of harnessing this vast data to uncover patterns, trends, and actionable insights that can drive strategic decision-making. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) with Big Data Analytics has further enhanced the capability to extract predictive and prescriptive insights, thereby optimizing operations, improving customer experiences, and enabling innovative business models. The need for real-time analytics and the ability to process unstructured data have also contributed significantly to market growth, as businesses seek to remain agile and responsive in a rapidly evolving digital landscape.

Another critical driver for the Big Data Analytics market is the rapid adoption of cloud computing technologies, which provide scalable and cost-effective platforms for storing and analyzing large volumes of data. Cloud-based analytics solutions offer flexibility, ease of deployment, and seamless integration with existing IT infrastructures, making them highly attractive to organizations of all sizes. The emergence of hybrid and multi-cloud environments has further facilitated the adoption of Big Data Analytics, allowing enterprises to leverage the best features of public and private clouds while ensuring data security and compliance. Additionally, the growing emphasis on data-driven decision making in sectors such as healthcare, BFSI, retail, and manufacturing is accelerating investments in advanced analytics solutions, contributing to sustained market expansion.

The increasing focus on regulatory compliance and data privacy is also shaping the growth trajectory of the Big Data Analytics market. Organizations are required to adhere to stringent regulations such as GDPR, HIPAA, and CCPA, necessitating robust data governance frameworks and secure analytics platforms. This has led to the development of sophisticated analytics tools that not only deliver actionable insights but also ensure data integrity, confidentiality, and compliance with global standards. Furthermore, the emergence of edge analytics and the integration of Big Data Analytics with IoT and blockchain technologies are opening new avenues for innovation, enabling real-time monitoring, predictive maintenance, and enhanced operational efficiency across industries.

From a regional perspective, North America continues to dominate the Big Data Analytics market owing to the presence of leading technology providers, high digital adoption rates, and substantial investments in advanced analytics solutions. However, the Asia Pacific region is witnessing the fastest growth, driven by rapid digitization, increasing internet penetration, and the proliferation of connected devices. Europe is also making significant strides, particularly in industries such as manufacturing, healthcare, and financial services, where data-driven insights are critical for operational excellence and regulatory compliance. The Middle East & Africa and Latin America are gradually catching up, fueled by government initiatives, infrastructure development, and the rising adoption of cloud-based analytics solutions.

The Data Catalog Market is projected to grow at a CAGR of around 23.3% during 2023-28. Leading Companies - lation Inc., Alteryx, Ataccama ONE, Cloudera, Inc., Collibra, Google, IBM, Informatica, Microsoft Corporation, and Oracle.

The Data Visualization Platform market is experiencing robust growth, driven by the increasing need for businesses to derive actionable insights from ever-expanding datasets. The market, estimated at $15 billion in 2025, is projected to achieve a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 15% from 2025 to 2033, reaching approximately $50 billion by 2033. This expansion is fueled by several key factors. Firstly, the proliferation of big data across various industries necessitates efficient tools for analysis and interpretation. Secondly, the rising adoption of cloud-based solutions and advanced analytics techniques, such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, is further boosting market growth. The Smart City Systems and Ultimate Digital Materialization Space applications are significant drivers, demanding sophisticated visualization capabilities for managing complex data streams and optimizing resource allocation. While data security concerns and the need for skilled professionals represent potential restraints, the overall market outlook remains positive, with significant opportunities for both established players and emerging market entrants. The market segmentation reveals a diverse landscape. Within application segments, Smart City Systems and Ultimate Digital Materialization Space lead the way, reflecting the growing importance of data-driven decision-making in urban planning and digital transformation initiatives. In terms of types, Flow Analysis and Mixed Data Analysis are currently dominant, however, Database Analysis is expected to experience significant growth due to the increasing volume and complexity of structured data. North America currently holds the largest market share, followed by Europe and Asia-Pacific. However, rapid technological advancements and increasing digitalization in emerging economies are expected to drive significant growth in Asia-Pacific and other regions over the forecast period. Key players, including Zoomdata, Tableau, JOS, Sisense, Periscope Data, Looker, Domo, and Microsoft, are constantly innovating to enhance their offerings and maintain a competitive edge in this rapidly evolving market. The competitive landscape is characterized by both intense competition and strategic partnerships, further fueling innovation and market expansion.

Comprehensive dataset of 452 Marketings in United States as of June, 2025. Includes verified contact information (email, phone), geocoded addresses, customer ratings, reviews, business categories, and operational details. Perfect for market research, lead generation, competitive analysis, and business intelligence. Download a complimentary sample to evaluate data quality and completeness.

The Cloud Database And DBaaS Market size was valued at USD 17.30 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 49.79 billion by 2032, exhibiting a CAGR of 16.3 % during the forecasts period. This burgeoning market is primarily driven by the widespread adoption of cloud-based solutions, the escalating demand for data management and analytics, and the increasing need for cost-effective and scalable database management solutions. Cloud databases and Database as a Service (DBaaS) revolutionize data management by offering scalable and flexible solutions without the overhead of physical infrastructure. These services provide organizations with on-demand access to databases, reducing administrative burdens and allowing rapid deployment. Cloud databases leverage the elasticity of cloud computing to scale resources based on demand, ensuring optimal performance and cost-efficiency.

Financial Data Services Market size was valued at USD 23.3 Billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 42.6 Billion by 2031, growing at a CAGR of 8.1% during the forecast period 2024-2031.

Global Financial Data Services Market Drivers

The market drivers for the Financial Data Services Market can be influenced by various factors. These may include:

The need for real-time analytics is growing: Real-time analytics are becoming more and more necessary in the financial sector due to the acceleration of data consumption. To reduce risks, make wise decisions, and enhance customer service, organizations need quick insights. Stakeholders are giving priority to solutions that enable quick data processing and analysis due to the increase in market volatility and complexity. The need for sophisticated analytical skills is driving providers of financial data services to modernize their products. As companies come to realize that using real-time data is crucial for keeping a competitive edge in a fast-paced financial climate, the competition among them to provide timely insights also boosts market growth.

Growing Machine Learning and AI Adoption: Data analysis has been profoundly changed by the incorporation of AI and machine learning technology into financial data services. By enabling predictive analytics, these technologies help financial organizations make better decisions and reduce risk. Businesses can find trends that were previously invisible by automating data processing operations. This leads to more precise forecasts and improved investment plans. Furthermore, sophisticated algorithms are flexible enough to adjust to shifting circumstances, keeping organizations flexible. The increasing intricacy of financial markets necessitates the use of AI and machine learning, which in turn drives demand for sophisticated financial data services and promotes innovation in the sector.

Global Financial Data Services Market Restraints

Several factors can act as restraints or challenges for the Financial Data Services Market. These may include:

Difficulties in Regulatory Compliance: Regulations controlling data management, privacy, and financial transactions place heavy restrictions on the financial data services market. Regulations like the GDPR, CCPA, and banking industry standards like Basel III and SOX must all be complied with by organizations. Complying with these requirements frequently necessitates a significant investment in staff and compliance systems, which can be taxing, especially for smaller businesses. Regulations are dynamic, and different locations have different needs, which adds to the complexity and expense. Noncompliance not only results in monetary fines but also has the potential to harm an entity's image, so impeding market expansion.

Dangers to Data Security: Threats to data security are a major impediment to the financial data services market. Because they manage sensitive data, financial institutions are often the targets of cyberattacks. Breach can lead to significant monetary losses, legal repercussions, and long-term harm to one's image. Although they can greatly increase operating expenses, investments in strong security measures like encryption, safe access protocols, and continual monitoring are crucial. Moreover, the dynamic strategies employed by cybercriminals need continuous adjustment, placing a burden on resources and detracting from the main operations of businesses. The evolution of security threats poses a challenge to preserving consumer trust, hence impeding industry expansion.

Flea markets, with their vibrant colors, eclectic merchandise, and unique charm, are a staple of local communities around the globe, serving as a dynamic marketplace for producers and consumers alike. Originally emerging as informal trading venues, flea markets have evolved into organized events that provide a space

Hong Kong Employment: PB: PS: Advertising & Market Research data was reported at 14,622.000 Person in Jun 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 14,387.000 Person for Mar 2018. Hong Kong Employment: PB: PS: Advertising & Market Research data is updated quarterly, averaging 14,200.500 Person from Mar 2000 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 74 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 15,274.000 Person in Sep 2007 and a record low of 11,786.000 Person in Dec 2004. Hong Kong Employment: PB: PS: Advertising & Market Research data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Census and Statistics Department. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Hong Kong SAR – Table HK.G033: Employment: Quarterly Survey of Employment and Vacancies: by Industry: HSIC 2.0.

Abstract

Syngenta is committed to increasing crop productivity and to using limited resources such as land, water and inputs more efficiently. Since 2014, Syngenta has been measuring trends in agricultural input efficiency on a global network of real farms. The Good Growth Plan dataset shows aggregated productivity and resource efficiency indicators by harvest year. The data has been collected from more than 4,000 farms and covers more than 20 different crops in 46 countries. The data (except USA data and for Barley in UK, Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, France and Spain) was collected, consolidated and reported by Kynetec (previously Market Probe), an independent market research agency. It can be used as benchmarks for crop yield and input efficiency.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Agricultural holdings

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

A. Sample design Farms are grouped in clusters, which represent a crop grown in an area with homogenous agro- ecological conditions and include comparable types of farms. The sample includes reference and benchmark farms. The reference farms were selected by Syngenta and the benchmark farms were randomly selected by Kynetec within the same cluster.

B. Sample size Sample sizes for each cluster are determined with the aim to measure statistically significant increases in crop efficiency over time. This is done by Kynetec based on target productivity increases and assumptions regarding the variability of farm metrics in each cluster. The smaller the expected increase, the larger the sample size needed to measure significant differences over time. Variability within clusters is assumed based on public research and expert opinion. In addition, growers are also grouped in clusters as a means of keeping variances under control, as well as distinguishing between growers in terms of crop size, region and technological level. A minimum sample size of 20 interviews per cluster is needed. The minimum number of reference farms is 5 of 20. The optimal number of reference farms is 10 of 20 (balanced sample).

C. Selection procedure The respondents were picked randomly using a “quota based random sampling” procedure. Growers were first randomly selected and then checked if they complied with the quotas for crops, region, farm size etc. To avoid clustering high number of interviews at one sampling point, interviewers were instructed to do a maximum of 5 interviews in one village.

BF Screened from Indonesia were selected based on the following criterion: (a) Corn growers in East Java - Location: East Java (Kediri and Probolinggo) and Aceh
- Innovative (early adopter); Progressive (keen to learn about agronomy and pests; willing to try new technology); Loyal (loyal to technology that can help them)
- making of technical drain (having irrigation system)
- marketing network for corn: post-harvest access to market (generally they sell 80% of their harvest)
- mid-tier (sub-optimal CP/SE use)
- influenced by fellow farmers and retailers
- may need longer credit

(b) Rice growers in West and East Java - Location: West Java (Tasikmalaya), East Java (Kediri), Central Java (Blora, Cilacap, Kebumen), South Lampung
- The growers are progressive (keen to learn about agronomy and pests; willing to try new technology)
- Accustomed in using farming equipment and pesticide. (keen to learn about agronomy and pests; willing to try new technology) - A long rice cultivating experience in his area (lots of experience in cultivating rice)
- willing to move forward in order to increase his productivity (same as progressive)
- have a soil that broad enough for the upcoming project
- have influence in his group (ability to influence others) - mid-tier (sub-optimal CP/SE use)
- may need longer credit

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Data collection tool for 2019 covered the following information:

(A) PRE- HARVEST INFORMATION

PART I: Screening PART II: Contact Information PART III: Farm Characteristics a. Biodiversity conservation b. Soil conservation c. Soil erosion d. Description of growing area e. Training on crop cultivation and safety measures PART IV: Farming Practices - Before Harvest a. Planting and fruit development - Field crops b. Planting and fruit development - Tree crops c. Planting and fruit development - Sugarcane d. Planting and fruit development - Cauliflower e. Seed treatment

(B) HARVEST INFORMATION

PART V: Farming Practices - After Harvest a. Fertilizer usage b. Crop protection products c. Harvest timing & quality per crop - Field crops d. Harvest timing & quality per crop - Tree crops e. Harvest timing & quality per crop - Sugarcane f. Harvest timing & quality per crop - Banana g. After harvest PART VI - Other inputs - After Harvest a. Input costs b. Abiotic stress c. Irrigation

See all questionnaires in external materials tab

Cleaning operations

Data processing:

Kynetec uses SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) for data entry, cleaning, analysis, and reporting. After collection, the farm data is entered into a local database, reviewed, and quality-checked by the local Kynetec agency. In the case of missing values or inconsistencies, farmers are re-contacted. In some cases, grower data is verified with local experts (e.g. retailers) to ensure data accuracy and validity. After country-level cleaning, the farm-level data is submitted to the global Kynetec headquarters for processing. In the case of missing values or inconsistences, the local Kynetec office was re-contacted to clarify and solve issues.

Quality assurance Various consistency checks and internal controls are implemented throughout the entire data collection and reporting process in order to ensure unbiased, high quality data.

• Screening: Each grower is screened and selected by Kynetec based on cluster-specific criteria to ensure a comparable group of growers within each cluster. This helps keeping variability low.

• Evaluation of the questionnaire: The questionnaire aligns with the global objective of the project and is adapted to the local context (e.g. interviewers and growers should understand what is asked). Each year the questionnaire is evaluated based on several criteria, and updated where needed.

• Briefing of interviewers: Each year, local interviewers - familiar with the local context of farming -are thoroughly briefed to fully comprehend the questionnaire to obtain unbiased, accurate answers from respondents.

• Cross-validation of the answers: o Kynetec captures all growers' responses through a digital data-entry tool. Various logical and consistency checks are automated in this tool (e.g. total crop size in hectares cannot be larger than farm size) o Kynetec cross validates the answers of the growers in three different ways: 1. Within the grower (check if growers respond consistently during the interview) 2. Across years (check if growers respond consistently throughout the years) 3. Within cluster (compare a grower's responses with those of others in the group) o All the above mentioned inconsistencies are followed up by contacting the growers and asking them to verify their answers. The data is updated after verification. All updates are tracked.

• Check and discuss evolutions and patterns: Global evolutions are calculated, discussed and reviewed on a monthly basis jointly by Kynetec and Syngenta.

• Sensitivity analysis: sensitivity analysis is conducted to evaluate the global results in terms of outliers, retention rates and overall statistical robustness. The results of the sensitivity analysis are discussed jointly by Kynetec and Syngenta.

• It is recommended that users interested in using the administrative level 1 variable in the location dataset use this variable with care and crosscheck it with the postal code variable.

Data appraisal

Due to the above mentioned checks, irregularities in fertilizer usage data were discovered which had to be corrected:

For data collection wave 2014, respondents were asked to give a total estimate of the fertilizer NPK-rates that were applied in the fields. From 2015 onwards, the questionnaire was redesigned to be more precise and obtain data by individual fertilizer products. The new method of measuring fertilizer inputs leads to more accurate results, but also makes a year-on-year comparison difficult. After evaluating several solutions to this problems, 2014 fertilizer usage (NPK input) was re-estimated by calculating a weighted average of fertilizer usage in the following years.

The Real-time Database market has emerged as a pivotal component in the modern digital landscape, facilitating instant data retrieval and updates across a multitude of applications. This dynamic sector serves diverse industries, including e-commerce, healthcare, finance, and gaming, where the demand for immediate ac

The Data Analytics Market size was valued at USD 41.05 USD billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 222.39 USD billion by 2032, exhibiting a CAGR of 27.3 % during the forecast period. Data Analytics can be defined as the rigorous process of using tools and techniques within a computational framework to analyze various forms of data for the purpose of decision-making by the concerned organization. This is used in almost all fields such as health, money matters, product promotion, and transportation in order to manage businesses, foresee upcoming events, and improve customers’ satisfaction. Some of the principal forms of data analytics include descriptive, diagnostic, prognostic, as well as prescriptive analytics. Data gathering, data manipulation, analysis, and data representation are the major subtopics under this area. There are a lot of advantages of data analytics, and some of the most prominent include better decision making, productivity, and saving costs, as well as the identification of relationships and trends that people could be unaware of. The recent trends identified in the market include the use of AI and ML technologies and their applications, the use of big data, increased focus on real-time data processing, and concerns for data privacy. These developments are shaping and propelling the advancement and proliferation of data analysis functions and uses. Key drivers for this market are: Rising Demand for Edge Computing Likely to Boost Market Growth. Potential restraints include: Data Security Concerns to Impede the Market Progress . Notable trends are: Metadata-Driven Data Fabric Solutions to Expand Market Growth.

The Data Annotation Service Market size was valued at USD 1.89 Billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 10.07 Billion by 2031, growing at a CAGR of 23% from 2024 to 2031.

Key Market Drivers Rapid Growth in AI/ML Applications Across Industries: According to IDC, global AI spending reached USD 118 Billion in 2022, with a projected CAGR of 26.5% through 2026. The machine learning market grew by 42% in 2022, requiring over 80% of AI projects to use annotated data for training Healthcare and Medical Imaging Annotation Demands: The medical imaging AI market reached USD 1.7 Billion in 2022, requiring extensive annotated datasets. According to the WHO, over 2 billion medical images were generated globally in 2022, with 30% requiring annotation for AI training. Clinical AI applications increased by 50% between 2020-2023, driving demand for specialized medical data annotation Autonomous Vehicle Development: The autonomous vehicle industry invested USD 15.5 Billion in AI development in 2022, according to Bloomberg. Tesla alone processed over 1.5 billion annotated images in 2022 for their self-driving technology.