The Mars Global Digital Dune Database provides a comprehensive and quantitative view of the geographic distribution of dune fields from 65° N to 65° S latitude. The database encompasses ~ 550 dune fields, covering ~ 70,000 km2, with an estimated total volume between 3,600 km3 and 13,400 km3. Over 2300 selected Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) infrared (IR), THEMIS visible (VIS) and Mars Orbiter Camera Narrow Angle (MOC NA) images were used to build the database and are included in the ArcMap and ArcReader versions of the database. An initial data set of THEMIS band 9 spectral range images covering orbits 816-9601 (spanning 02/2002 - 02/2004 and Ls = 0.085º-358.531º) and comprising more than 30,000 images was chosen as the basis for the construction of the database. This provided ~98% nighttime and ~75% daytime areal coverage of Mars planet-wide. Images containing dunes were identified using THV (Interactive THEMIS IR Viewer written in Research Systems Incorporated's (RSI) IDL® software at the USGS in Flagstaff (www.mars-ice.org)). The 100 m/pixel resolution THEMIS IR images were used to locate potential dune features. The higher resolution THEMIS VIS and MOC NA images were used to assign Earth-based dune classifications (McKee, 1979). Where image quality allowed, slipface measurements based on gross dune morphology were digitized to represent primary wind direction responsible for that morphology. Azimuth values were calculated, from crater centroid to dune centroid, for dune fields located within craters. These indicators of wind direction can be compared to the included NASA/Ames Mars general circulation model (GCM) output (Harberle et al., 1999).

The MARine Sediment (MARS) database contains detailed information on seabed sediment characteristics for samples collected from Australia's marine jurisdiction, including the Australian Antarctic Territory. It is an important scientific resource that includes sediment properties from seabed and sub-seabed samples spanning coastal, continental shelf and deep sea locations. Analytical properties include grain size, carbonate content, mineralogy, geochemical properties and age determinations. MARS currently holds approximately 100,000 sample records and new data are being added as they become available.

Please contact us at ausseabed@ga.gov.au if you wish to contribute marine sediment data to the MARS database.

The Mars Dust Activity Database (MDAD) catalogs all dust storm activity on Mars with area >10^5 km^2 between MY 24 Ls=150 and MY 32 Ls=171. The MDAD is compiled using the Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) Mars Daily Global Maps (MDGMs) from MY 24 Ls = 150 to MY 28 Ls = 121 and the Mars Color Imager (MARCI) MDGMs from MY 28 Ls = 133 to MY 32 Ls = 171. The MDAD covers 60 N-60 S for the MOC era and 90 N-90 S for the MARCI era. The MDAD is supported by NASA MDAP Grant 80NSSC17K0475.

Information for how to cite the MTE bundle.

This data set contains a total of 73,031 landmarks. 10,433 landmarks were detected and extracted from 180 HiRISE browse images, and 62,598 landmarks were augmented from 10,433 original landmarks. For each original landmark, we cropped a square bounding box that includes the full extent of the landmark plus a 30-pixel margin to left, right, top and bottom. Each cropped landmark was resized to 227x227 pixels, and then was augmented to generate 6 additional landmarks using the following methods: 90 degrees clockwise rotation 180 degrees clockwise rotation 270 degrees clockwise rotation Horizontal flip Vertical flip Random brightness adjustment

The Open access to Mars Assimilated Remote Soundings (OpenMARS) database is a reanalysis product combining past spacecraft observations with a state-of-the-art Mars Global Circulation Model (GCM). The OpenMARS product is a global surface/atmosphere reference database of key variables for multiple Mars years.Spacecraft observations of column dust optical depth and temperature profiles from the Mars Climate Sounder (MCS) instrument on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecraft are combined with a Mars GCM used at the Open University. The standard database includes 2-hourly output of key dynamic and surface variables such as zonal/meridional wind, temperature as a function of altitude and column dust optical depth.Extended details on this dataset can be found in the OpenMARS-MY28-35-reference-manual.pdf document included in this repository.

jscode13/mars-data dataset hosted on Hugging Face and contributed by the HF Datasets community

Dataset contains latitude, longitude, and additional attribute information for mounds in the lowlands of Mars. This version of the database contains data for mounds in the southwestern Utopia Planitia region of the martian lowlands.

The Open access to Mars Assimilated Remote Soundings (OpenMARS) database is a reanalysis product combining past spacecraft observations with a state-of-the-art Mars Global Circulation Model (GCM). The OpenMARS product is a global surface/atmosphere reference database of key variables for multiple Mars years.Spacecraft observations of water vapour column abundance and temperature profiles from the Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES) instrument on the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft are combined with a Mars GCM used at the Open University. The database includes 2-hourly output of water vapour column abundance.Extended details on this dataset can be found in the OpenMARS-water-reference-manual.pdf document included in this repository.This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 633127.

This data set consists of 6691 images spanning 24 classes that were collected by the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL, Curosity) rover by three instruments (Mastcam Right eye, Mastcam Left eye, and MAHLI). These images are the "browse" version of each original data product, not full resolution. They are roughly 256x256 pixels each. We divided the MSL images into train, validation, and test data sets according to their sol (Martian day) of acquisition. This strategy was chosen to model how the system will be used operationally with an image archive that grows over time. The images were collected from sols 3 to 1060 (August 2012 to July 2015). The exact train/validation/test splits are given in individual files. Full-size images can be obtained from the PDS at https://pds-imaging.jpl.nasa.gov/search/ .

The MARine Sediment (MARS) database contains detailed information on seabed sediment characteristics for samples collected from Australia's marine jurisdiction, including the Australian Antarctic Territory. It includes survey and sample information such as locations, water depths and sample descriptions. Data are also provided from quantitative analyses of the sediments, such as grain size, mud, sand, gravel and carbonate concentrations, mineralogy, age determinations, geochemical properties, and physical attributes for down-core samples including bulk density, p-wave velocity, porosity and magnetic susceptibility. Images and graphics are presented, where available. MARS currently holds >40,000 sample and sub-sample records, and approximately 200,000 records describing the characteristics of these samples. New data are being added as they become available.

The Mars Cave Database

CRISM, CTX, HiRISE, MARCI, MCS, RSS, SPICE

The InSight RISE raw data bundle includes collections of Tracking and Navigation Files (TNF), Ionospheric Data Files (ION), Troposphere Data Files (TRO), and Weather Data Files (WEA) acquired by the RISE instrument on Mars and the Deep Space Network (DSN) on Earth. The bundle also includes the RISE document collection.

This point-based database (provided in two formats: as a ESRI shapefile set and simple .csv) currently contains 300 craters on Mars that possess “crater-related pitted materials” (CRPM), which are consistent with impact deposits described in detail in Tornabene et al. (2007; 2012). The Tornabene et al. (2012) publication is the original source of the initial database of 204 craters, which was based on a survey by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) over a period of late 2006 to early 2012. As MRO continues to image the surface and its craters, the database has been maintained to date, and has since grown to 300 entries. Despite this growth, the general characteristics of the crater population remains generally consistent with the initial 204 craters identified and described in Tornabene et al. (2012) (e.g., size range, latitudinal and elevation distribution, etc.).

When present, these pitted impact deposits represent the upper most surface of the crater-fill with the pits potentially representing top-down views of so-called degassing pipes observed only in eroded cross-sections at some terrestrial impact structures such as the Ries in Germany (e.g., Caudill et al., 2021). Therefore, the craters that contain pits and preserve them well are themselves amongst the very best-preserved and often youngest craters of their size-class on Mars. Indeed, some of these craters are observed to have far-reaching (10s to 100s of crater radii) thermal / secondary crater rays (e.g., Tornabene et al. 2006), which is also considered another distinguishing feature of a well-preserved and youthful craters on planets/moons with solid surfaces.

These craters have enabled us to place further constraints on the scaling of crater depth as a function of diameter for complex craters on Mars (Tornabene et al. 2018) and may even help us to ultimately determine where the only samples we have of Mars — the Martain Meteorites — come from.

See README rtf file for further details on the database.

Main references (*original/source database):

*Tornabene, L.L., Osinski, G.R., McEwen, A.S., Boyce, J.M., Bray, V.J., Caudill, C.M., Grant, J.A., Hamilton, C.W., Mattson, S. and Mouginis-Mark, P.J., 2012. Widespread crater-related pitted materials on Mars: Further evidence for the role of target volatiles during the impact process. Icarus, 220(2), pp.348-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2012.05.022

Tornabene, L.L., McEwen, A.S., Osinski, G.R., Mouginis-Mark, P.J., Boyce, J.M., Williams, R.M.E., Wray, J.J. and Grant, J.A., 2007. Impact melting and the role of subsurface volatiles: Implications for the formation of valley networks and phyllosilicate-rich lithologies on early Mars. In International Conf. on Mars VII. Lunar Planet. Sci. Inst. Contri (Vol. 1353), Abstract# 3288.

Other references:

Tornabene, L.L., Moersch, J.E., McSween Jr, H.Y., McEwen, A.S., Piatek, J.L., Milam, K.A. and Christensen, P.R., 2006. Identification of large (2–10 km) rayed craters on Mars in THEMIS thermal infrared images: Implications for possible Martian meteorite source regions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, 111(E10).

Boyce, J.M., Wilson, L., Mouginis-Mark, P.J., Hamilton, C.W. and Tornabene, L.L., 2012. Origin of small pits in martian impact craters. Icarus, 221(1), pp.262-275.

Denevi, B.W., Blewett, D.T., Buczkowski, D.L., Capaccioni, F., Capria, M.T., De Sanctis, M.C., Garry, W.B., Gaskell, R.W., Le Corre, L., Li, J.Y. and Marchi, S., 2012. Pitted terrain on Vesta and implications for the presence of volatiles. Science, 338(6104), pp.246-249.

Sizemore, H.G., Platz, T., Schorghofer, N., Prettyman, T.H., De Sanctis, M.C., Crown, D.A., Schmedemann, N., Neesemann, A., Kneissl, T., Marchi, S. and Schenk, P.M., 2017. Pitted terrains on (1) Ceres and implications for shallow subsurface volatile distribution. Geophysical Research Letters, 44(13), pp.6570-6578.

Tornabene, L.L., Watters, W.A., Osinski, G.R., Boyce, J.M., Harrison, T.N., Ling, V. and McEwen, A.S., 2018. A depth versus diameter scaling relationship for the best-preserved melt-bearing complex craters on Mars. Icarus, 299, pp.68-83.

Caudill, C., Osinski, G.R., Greenberger, R.N., Tornabene, L.L., Longstaffe, F.J., Flemming, R.L. and Ehlmann, B.L., 2021. Origin of the degassing pipes at the Ries impact structure and implications for impact‐induced alteration on Mars and other planetary bodies. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 56(2), pp.404-422.

Michalik, T., Matz, K.D., Schröder, S.E., Jaumann, R., Stephan, K., Krohn, K., Preusker, F., Raymond, C.A., Russell, C.T. and Otto, K.A., 2021. The unique spectral and geomorphological characteristics of pitted impact deposits associated with Marcia crater on Vesta. Icarus, 369, p.114633.

CRISM, CTX, HiRISE, MARCI, MCS, RSS, SHARAD, SPICE

This dataset contains basic gridded atmospheric and surface variables for the planet Mars over three martian years (a martian year is 1.88 terrestrial years), produced as a reference run in association with the Mars Analysis Correction Data Assimilation (MACDA) v1.0 re-analysis. Each file in the dataset spans 30 martian mean solar days (sols) during the science mapping phase of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) spacecraft, between May 1999 and August 2004.

This dataset is a reference run produced by re-analysis of Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES) retrievals of only total dust opacities, using the MACDA scheme in a Mars global circulation model (MGCM). This reference dataset, therefore, should be used in association with the full re-analysis of TES retrievals of nadir thermal profiles and total dust opacities - see linked dataset.

The MGCM used is the UK spectral version of the model developed by the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique in Paris, France.

MACDA is a collaboration between the University of Oxford and The Open University in the UK.

The PDS Universal Planetary Coordinates (UPC) Database, Mars DB

Dataset Description

This dataset contains calibrated environmental measurements collected by the MEDA (Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer) instrument onboard NASA's Perseverance rover, which is currently exploring Jezero Crater on Mars as part of the Mars 2020 mission.

🛰 Instrument: MEDA (Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer)

• Deployed on: NASA's Perseverance rover
• Mission: Mars 2020
• Landing site: Jezero Crater
• Start of data: Sol 0 (Feb 18, 2021)
• Data Level: Calibrated (science-grade physical quantities)

Dataset Files Description

1. ATS_MERGED_SOL_1_100.csv

• Type: ATC - Air Temperature Sensor Calibrated Data
• Sol Range: Sol 1 to Sol 100
• Description: This dataset contains calibrated air temperature data collected by the Air Temperature Sensor aboard the Perseverance rover. The data spans from Sol 1 to Sol 100 and includes temperature measurements in the Martian environment, providing insight into the temperature fluctuations on Mars during the early days of the mission. This data has been calibrated for scientific analysis and is suitable for atmospheric studies.

2. ATC_MERGED_SOL_1_100.csv

• Type: ATC - Air Temperature Sensor Calibrated Data
• Sol Range: Sol 1 to Sol 100
• Description: This file includes calibrated data from the Air Temperature Sensor (ATC), focusing on temperature measurements taken by the Perseverance rover. The dataset spans the first 100 sols of the mission. This data is essential for tracking Martian temperature trends, including the diurnal and seasonal variations in the Martian atmosphere.

3. ENG_MERGED_SOL_1_100.csv

• Type: Engineering Calibrated Data
• Sol Range: Sol 1 to Sol 100
• Description: This dataset contains calibrated engineering data, which includes information used for evaluating the health and status of various rover systems during the first 100 sols of the Mars 2020 mission. The data provides insights into the performance of critical rover systems, supporting engineering assessments and troubleshooting during the mission’s early phases.

4. PS_MERGED_SOL_1_100.csv

• Type: Pressure Sensor Calibrated Data
• Sol Range: Sol 1 to Sol 100
• Description: This dataset includes calibrated pressure measurements from the Pressure Sensor (PS) on the Perseverance rover. The data is used to monitor atmospheric pressure variations on Mars, providing important data for understanding Martian weather patterns, seasonal changes, and local weather events.

5. RDS_MERGED_SOL_1_100.csv

• Type: Radiation and Dust Sensor Calibrated Data
• Sol Range: Sol 1 to Sol 100
• Description: This file contains calibrated radiation and dust measurements from the Radiation and Dust Sensor (RDS). The dataset spans the first 100 sols of the mission and provides data on radiation levels and dust in the Martian atmosphere. This data is essential for understanding the Martian environment and space weather, as well as evaluating potential hazards to the rover and future crewed missions.

6. RHS_MERGED_SOL_1_100.csv

• Type: Relative Humidity Sensor Calibrated Data
• Sol Range: Sol 1 to Sol 100
• Description: This dataset contains calibrated relative humidity measurements from the Relative Humidity Sensor (RHS). The data provides crucial insights into the humidity levels of the Martian atmosphere, which are important for understanding Mars' potential for life, as well as for planning future missions that may involve water-based activities or human exploration.

7. TIRS_MERGED_SOL_1_100.csv

• Type: Thermal Infrared Sensor Calibrated Data
• Sol Range: Sol 1 to Sol 100
• Description: This dataset contains calibrated thermal infrared data from the Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS). The data includes temperature measurements of the Martian surface, crucial for studying the planet’s thermal characteristics. The dataset is important for understanding the thermal behavior of Mars' surface materials and helps in evaluating the planet’s geological processes.

8. WS_MERGED_SOL_1_100.csv

• Type: Wind Sensor Calibrated Data
• Sol Range: Sol 1 to Sol 100
• Description: This file contains calibrated wind measurements from the Wind Sensor (WS) on the Perseverance rover. The data spans Sol 1 to Sol 100 and provides critical information on the wind speed and direction on Mars. Understanding wind patterns is vital for atmospheric science and for asse...

The data set consists of several CD-WO volumes which contain radiometric and open loop data acquired from the Mars Observer spacecraft during its Cruise between Earth and Mars. The basic data are supplemented by ancillary data including DSN weather files and media calibrations, spacecraft maneuver information, and operations schedules. There are fourteen data types.