The European Recovery Program, more commonly known as the Marshall Plan, was a U.S. initiative to promote Europe's economic recovery in the aftermath of the Second World War. Between 1948 and 1952, the U.S. distributed approximately 13.3 billion U.S. dollars between the non-communist states of Western Europe, including Greece and Turkey. Notable exceptions from this aid were Spain, due to Franco's unpopularity in the U.S. (although this changed with the Pact of Madrid in 1953), and Finland, who opted out as they did not want to strain relations with the Soviet Union. While money was roughly split between nations based on population size, larger, industrialized countries received a disproportionately higher share of the aid as it was believed their success would trickle down to smaller states. Economic insignificance? The term "Marshall Plan" has become something of a synonym for economic recovery plans in recent decades, yet the modern consensus is that the economic impact of the original was fairly overstated at the time. This investment of capital did help, but European recovery was well underway before the first installments were paid by the U.S, and it was European integration which laid the groundwork for recovery. Unlike the period following the First World War, the victorious powers had learned that cooperation between former adversaries, rather than punishment and reparations, would be the key to future success. It was the ideological influence of the Marshall Plan had the largest impact; Western European business structures became more Americanized, international trade barriers and tariffs were removed, and the transition to more capitalist economies eventually led to the most prosperous period ever recorded in European history, known as the "Golden Age" (1950-1973). The Molotov Plan The initial proposal, made by George C. Marshall, actually invited the Soviet Union and Eastern Bloc states to take part in the offer, although this was a token gesture that U.S. knew would never be accepted. The Marshall Plan was announced in June 1947, just a few months after the Truman Doctrine; this was where the U.S. pledged to contain communist expansion across the globe, and is often regarded as the beginning of the Cold War. Not only did the Soviet Union reject the U.S. proposal, but Moscow also forbade any other Eastern Bloc country from taking part; instead the Soviets launched the Molotov Plan, which consolidated their economic power in the Eastern Bloc. While this plan initially rewarded Poland and Czechoslovakia for rejecting Americanization, the heavy reparations placed on the Axis powers meant that it was of little benefit to the likes of East Germany, Hungary, or Romania. Nonetheless, as the Marshall Plan changed the economic direction of Western Europe throughout the Cold War, the Molotov Plan helped shape communist economic development in the East. Eventually both plans developed into much larger endeavors, as the Mutual Security Act of 1951 saw American economic influence stretch beyond Europe, and the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON) did the same for the Soviet Union.

Between 1946 and 1961, the United States distributed over 44.5 billion U.S. dollars to Western European countries in the form of loans or grants. 27.3 billion was given in the form of economic assistance, while 17.2 billion was given as military assistance. The largest sums were given to the United Kingdom and France, who received 8.8 and 8.4 billion dollars respectively. Italy and West Germany, who had been enemies of the U.S. during the Second World War, received the next-largest sums, with both totals over five billion dollars. Disproportional distributions Such grants and loans, particularly those of the Marshall Plan, were distributed on a (fairly rough) per capita basis, although major industrial powers were given disproportionately higher sums, as it was believed that their successful recovery would drive prosperity across the region. Turkey and Greece were also given relatively high sums due to their political and strategic significance during the Cold War, with Turkey receiving significantly more in military assistance than economic. In contrast, Spain received a disproportionately low sum - despite being neutral during the war, Franco's fascist government was unpopular in the U.S. and was excluded from aid in the years immediately following the war; the Spanish government's strong anti-communist saw the U.S. revert this policy with the Pact of Madrid in 1953. The Golden Age The "Golden Age" was a period of relatively uninterrupted economic growth between the end of the Second World War in 1945 and the Recession of 1973-1975. During this time, Western Europe experienced its most economically successful period in recorded history. This success was made possible by various factors, including an increase in European integration, the expansion of welfare and healthcare systems, and widespread industrialization. The United States played a key role in these developments; however, the modern historical consensus is that the largest impact was not through government investment, but rather private investment and the American influence on business practice, consumer buying behavior, and international policy (critics at the time referred to this as Coca-colonization). Along with the new-found peace following decades of war and instability, these factors combined to increase living standards and wages among the public, who generally embraced capitalism and the opportunity to spend their new-found disposable income.

Net official development assistance and official aid received (current US$) in Marshall Islands was reported at 140339996 USD in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Marshall Islands - Net official development assistance and official aid received - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on May of 2025.

national strategic plans for the Republic of the Marshall Islands

The Government Aid and Relief in Occupied Areas (GARIOA) program saw the U.S. invest over 4.5 billion U.S. dollars (39.8 billion FY2018 dollars) into occupied areas following the Second World War. Germany received the largest share of this investment, in the form of 1.4 billion dollars in grants, and 800 million dollars in loans; Germany was the only country required to repay any of this money. Japan received the second-largest amount, at 1.7 billion U.S. dollars. In Germany and Austria, this program was largely replaced by the Marshall Plan in 1948, which saw the U.S. distribute over 13 billion dollars across Western Europe. The final individual GARIOA payments were made in 1952; although payments via the program persisted in Asia until 1967.

MH: Net Bilateral Aid Flows from Development Assistance Committee Donors: European Commission data was reported at 0.240 USD mn in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.770 USD mn for 2014. MH: Net Bilateral Aid Flows from Development Assistance Committee Donors: European Commission data is updated yearly, averaging 0.425 USD mn from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2016, with 10 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.710 USD mn in 2008 and a record low of 0.040 USD mn in 2006. MH: Net Bilateral Aid Flows from Development Assistance Committee Donors: European Commission data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Marshall Islands – Table MH.World Bank.WDI: Defense and Official Development Assistance. Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline.; Sum;

Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, United States (current US$) in Marshall Islands was reported at 87750000 USD in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Marshall Islands - Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, United States - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on June of 2025.

MH: Net Bilateral Aid Flows from Development Assistance Committee Donors: Norway data was reported at 0.030 USD mn in 2014. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.050 USD mn for 2009. MH: Net Bilateral Aid Flows from Development Assistance Committee Donors: Norway data is updated yearly, averaging 0.030 USD mn from Dec 2005 (Median) to 2014, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.050 USD mn in 2009 and a record low of 0.010 USD mn in 2006. MH: Net Bilateral Aid Flows from Development Assistance Committee Donors: Norway data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Marshall Islands – Table MH.World Bank: Defense and Official Development Assistance. Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline.; Sum;

Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, European Union institutions (current US$) in Marshall Islands was reported at 730000 USD in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Marshall Islands - Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, European Commission - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on June of 2025.

Contains data from the World Bank's data portal. There is also a consolidated country dataset on HDX.

Aid effectiveness is the impact that aid has in reducing poverty and inequality, increasing growth, building capacity, and accelerating achievement of the Millennium Development Goals set by the international community. Indicators here cover aid received as well as progress in reducing poverty and improving education, health, and other measures of human welfare.

Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Japan (current US$) in Marshall Islands was reported at 11670000 USD in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Marshall Islands - Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Japan - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on May of 2025.

Between 1946 and 1961, the United States distributed over 85 billion U.S. dollars to approximately 140 countries across the globe in the form of free grants or repayable loans. In the years immediately following the war, the priority was economic recovery and the distribution of humanitarian aid; this was administered through individual programs such as the Anglo-American loan, U.S.-led programs such as Government Aid and Relief in Occupied Areas (GARIOA), and international programs such as the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA). In 1947, the U.S. began consolidating these efforts into larger programs, the most well-known of which was the Marshall Plan. The Marshall Plan itself saw over 13 billion dollars spread among 16 European nations in the form of economic assistance, although more than 29 billion dollars was administered across the globe during this time. As rapid recovery spread through Europe, the need for economic assistance declined, however, the perceived threat of the Soviet Union and communism's expansion in Asia saw the U.S place a larger emphasis on its national security. Countries in Western Europe received the bulk of loans and grants between 1946 and 1952, however Asian countries, particularly South Korea, Taiwan, and Vietnam, saw higher levels of investment from 1953 onward.

Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Total (current US$) in Marshall Islands was reported at 110280000 USD in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Marshall Islands - Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Total - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on June of 2025.

Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, United Kingdom (current US$) in Marshall Islands was reported at 0 USD in 2020, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Marshall Islands - Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, United Kingdom - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on May of 2025.

Marshall Islands MH: Net Bilateral Aid Flows from Development Assistance Committee Donors: Iceland data was reported at 0.080 USD mn in 2009. Marshall Islands MH: Net Bilateral Aid Flows from Development Assistance Committee Donors: Iceland data is updated yearly, averaging 0.080 USD mn from Dec 2009 (Median) to 2009, with 1 observations. Marshall Islands MH: Net Bilateral Aid Flows from Development Assistance Committee Donors: Iceland data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Marshall Islands – Table MH.World Bank: Defense and Official Development Assistance. Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline.; Sum;

Marshall Islands MH: Net Bilateral Aid Flows from Development Assistance Committee Donors: Slovenia data was reported at 0.010 USD mn in 2011. Marshall Islands MH: Net Bilateral Aid Flows from Development Assistance Committee Donors: Slovenia data is updated yearly, averaging 0.010 USD mn from Dec 2011 (Median) to 2011, with 1 observations. Marshall Islands MH: Net Bilateral Aid Flows from Development Assistance Committee Donors: Slovenia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Marshall Islands – Table MH.World Bank: Defense and Official Development Assistance. Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline.; Sum;

Marshall Islands Net Official Development Assistance and Official Aid Received: 2021 Price data was reported at 138.520 USD mn in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 107.120 USD mn for 2021. Marshall Islands Net Official Development Assistance and Official Aid Received: 2021 Price data is updated yearly, averaging 72.365 USD mn from Dec 1991 (Median) to 2022, with 32 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 191.760 USD mn in 2020 and a record low of 0.430 USD mn in 1991. Marshall Islands Net Official Development Assistance and Official Aid Received: 2021 Price data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Marshall Islands – Table MH.World Bank.WDI: Defense and Official Development Assistance. Net official development assistance (ODA) consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent). Net official aid refers to aid flows (net of repayments) from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. Data are in constant 2021 U.S. dollars.;Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://data-explorer.oecd.org/.;Sum;

Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Switzerland (current US$) in Marshall Islands was reported at 90000 USD in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Marshall Islands - Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Switzerland - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on March of 2025.

National Disaster Management Office Strategic Plan 2017-2019

Germany Exports of radar apparatus, radio navigational aid apparatus to Marshall Islands was US$1.06 Thousand during 2024, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. Germany Exports of radar apparatus, radio navigational aid apparatus to Marshall Islands - data, historical chart and statistics - was last updated on April of 2025.