The Global Financial Crisis of 2008-09 was a period of severe macroeconomic instability for the United States and the global economy more generally. The crisis was precipitated by the collapse of a number of financial institutions who were deeply involved in the U.S. mortgage market and associated credit markets. Beginning in the Summer of 2007, a number of banks began to report issues with increasing mortgage delinquencies and the problem of not being able to accurately price derivatives contracts which were based on bundles of these U.S. residential mortgages. By the end of 2008, U.S. financial institutions had begun to fail due to their exposure to the housing market, leading to one of the deepest recessions in the history of the United States and to extensive government bailouts of the financial sector.

Subprime and the collapse of the U.S. mortgage market

The early 2000s had seen explosive growth in the U.S. mortgage market, as credit became cheaper due to the Federal Reserve's decision to lower interest rates in the aftermath of the 2001 'Dot Com' Crash, as well as because of the increasing globalization of financial flows which directed funds into U.S. financial markets. Lower mortgage rates gave incentive to financial institutions to begin lending to riskier borrowers, using so-called 'subprime' loans. These were loans to borrowers with poor credit scores, who would not have met the requirements for a conventional mortgage loan. In order to hedge against the risk of these riskier loans, financial institutions began to use complex financial instruments known as derivatives, which bundled mortgage loans together and allowed the risk of default to be sold on to willing investors. This practice was supposed to remove the risk from these loans, by effectively allowing credit institutions to buy insurance against delinquencies. Due to the fraudulent practices of credit ratings agencies, however, the price of these contacts did not reflect the real risk of the loans involved. As the reality of the inability of the borrowers to repay began to kick in during 2007, the financial markets which traded these derivatives came under increasing stress and eventually led to a 'sudden stop' in trading and credit intermediation during 2008.

Market Panic and The Great Recession

As borrowers failed to make repayments, this had a knock-on effect among financial institutions who were highly leveraged with financial instruments based on the mortgage market. Lehman Brothers, one of the world's largest investment banks, failed on September 15th 2008, causing widespread panic in financial markets. Due to the fear of an unprecedented collapse in the financial sector which would have untold consequences for the wider economy, the U.S. government and central bank, The Fed, intervened the following day to bailout the United States' largest insurance company, AIG, and to backstop financial markets. The crisis prompted a deep recession, known colloquially as The Great Recession, drawing parallels between this period and The Great Depression. The collapse of credit intermediation in the economy lead to further issues in the real economy, as business were increasingly unable to pay back loans and were forced to lay off staff, driving unemployment to a high of almost 10 percent in 2010. While there has been criticism of the U.S. government's actions to bailout the financial institutions involved, the actions of the government and the Fed are seen by many as having prevented the crisis from spiraling into a depression of the magnitude of The Great Depression.

CN: Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Fujian: Ningde data was reported at 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 70.000 % for 06 Oct 2019. CN: Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Fujian: Ningde data is updated daily, averaging 70.000 % from Jan 2019 (Median) to 07 Oct 2019, with 280 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019 and a record low of 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019. CN: Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Fujian: Ningde data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MA: Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Prefecture Level City.

Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Hunan: Changde data was reported at 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 70.000 % for 06 Oct 2019. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Hunan: Changde data is updated daily, averaging 70.000 % from Jan 2019 (Median) to 07 Oct 2019, with 280 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019 and a record low of 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Hunan: Changde data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MA: Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Prefecture Level City.

The U.S. housing market has slowed, after ** consecutive years of rising home prices. In 2021, house prices surged by an unprecedented ** percent, marking the highest increase on record. However, the market has since cooled, with the Freddie Mac House Price Index showing more modest growth between 2022 and 2024. In 2024, home prices increased by *** percent. That was lower than the long-term average of *** percent since 1990. Impact of mortgage rates on homebuying The recent cooling in the housing market can be partly attributed to rising mortgage rates. After reaching a record low of **** percent in 2021, the average annual rate on a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage more than doubled in 2023. This significant increase has made homeownership less affordable for many potential buyers, contributing to a substantial decline in home sales. Despite these challenges, forecasts suggest a potential recovery in the coming years. How much does it cost to buy a house in the U.S.? In 2023, the median sales price of an existing single-family home reached a record high of over ******* U.S. dollars. Newly built homes were even pricier, despite a slight decline in the median sales price in 2023. Naturally, home prices continue to vary significantly across the country, with West Virginia being the most affordable state for homebuyers.

The U.S. housing market continues to evolve, with the median price for existing homes forecast to fall to ******* U.S. dollars by 2027. This projection comes after a period of significant growth and recent fluctuations, reflecting the complex interplay of economic factors affecting the real estate sector. The rising costs have not only impacted home prices but also down payments, with the median down payment more than doubling since 2012. Regional variations in housing costs Home prices and down payments vary dramatically across the United States. While the national median down payment stood at approximately ****** U.S. dollars in early 2024, homebuyers in states like California, Massachusetts, and Hawaii faced down payments exceeding ****** U.S. dollars. This disparity highlights the challenges of homeownership in high-cost markets and underscores the importance of location in determining housing affordability. Market dynamics and future outlook The housing market has shown signs of cooling after years of rapid growth, with a modest price increase of *** percent in 2024. This slowdown can be attributed in part to rising mortgage rates, which have tempered demand. Despite these challenges, most states continued to see year-over-year price growth in 2025, with Rhode Island and West Virginia leading the packby home appreciation. As the market adjusts to new economic realities, potential homebuyers and investors alike will be watching closely for signs of stabilization or renewed growth in the coming years.

Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Fujian: Zhangzhou data was reported at -0.500 % Point in 28 May 2024. This stayed constant from the previous number of -0.500 % Point for 27 May 2024. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Fujian: Zhangzhou data is updated daily, averaging 0.000 % Point from Oct 2019 (Median) to 28 May 2024, with 1695 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 % Point in 18 May 2022 and a record low of -0.500 % Point in 28 May 2024. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Fujian: Zhangzhou data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MA: Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Prefecture Level City.

Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Fujian: Fuzhou data was reported at 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 70.000 % for 06 Oct 2019. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Fujian: Fuzhou data is updated daily, averaging 70.000 % from Jan 2019 (Median) to 07 Oct 2019, with 280 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019 and a record low of 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Fujian: Fuzhou data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MA: Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Prefecture Level City.

Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Hubei: Yichang data was reported at 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 70.000 % for 06 Oct 2019. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Hubei: Yichang data is updated daily, averaging 70.000 % from Jan 2019 (Median) to 07 Oct 2019, with 280 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019 and a record low of 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Hubei: Yichang data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MA: Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Prefecture Level City.

Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Jiangxi: Jingdezhen data was reported at 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 70.000 % for 06 Oct 2019. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Jiangxi: Jingdezhen data is updated daily, averaging 70.000 % from Jan 2019 (Median) to 07 Oct 2019, with 280 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019 and a record low of 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Jiangxi: Jingdezhen data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MA: Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Prefecture Level City.

Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Chongqing data was reported at -0.200 % Point in 23 May 2024. This stayed constant from the previous number of -0.200 % Point for 22 May 2024. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Chongqing data is updated daily, averaging 0.000 % Point from Oct 2019 (Median) to 23 May 2024, with 1697 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 % Point in 14 May 2022 and a record low of -0.200 % Point in 23 May 2024. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Chongqing data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MA: Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Prefecture Level City.

Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Fujian: Fuzhou data was reported at -0.200 % Point in 02 Apr 2024. This stayed constant from the previous number of -0.200 % Point for 01 Apr 2024. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Fujian: Fuzhou data is updated daily, averaging 0.000 % Point from Oct 2019 (Median) to 02 Apr 2024, with 1639 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 % Point in 18 May 2022 and a record low of -0.200 % Point in 02 Apr 2024. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Fujian: Fuzhou data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MA: Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Prefecture Level City.

The table below showcases the 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles of mortgage rates for each zip code in Peabody, Massachusetts. It's important to understand that mortgage rates can vary greatly and can change yearly.

Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Anhui: Bozhou data was reported at -0.200 % Point in 30 May 2024. This stayed constant from the previous number of -0.200 % Point for 29 May 2024. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Anhui: Bozhou data is updated daily, averaging 0.000 % Point from Oct 2019 (Median) to 30 May 2024, with 1697 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 % Point in 14 May 2022 and a record low of -0.200 % Point in 30 May 2024. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Anhui: Bozhou data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MA: Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Prefecture Level City.

Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Jilin: Liaoyuan data was reported at -0.200 % Point in 23 May 2024. This stayed constant from the previous number of -0.200 % Point for 22 May 2024. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Jilin: Liaoyuan data is updated daily, averaging 0.000 % Point from Oct 2019 (Median) to 23 May 2024, with 1690 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 % Point in 14 May 2022 and a record low of -0.200 % Point in 23 May 2024. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Jilin: Liaoyuan data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MA: Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Prefecture Level City.

Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Hunan: Zhuzhou data was reported at 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 70.000 % for 06 Oct 2019. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Hunan: Zhuzhou data is updated daily, averaging 70.000 % from Jan 2019 (Median) to 07 Oct 2019, with 280 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019 and a record low of 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Hunan: Zhuzhou data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MA: Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Prefecture Level City.

Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Heilongjiang: Hegang data was reported at -0.200 % Point in 23 May 2024. This stayed constant from the previous number of -0.200 % Point for 22 May 2024. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Heilongjiang: Hegang data is updated daily, averaging 0.000 % Point from Oct 2019 (Median) to 23 May 2024, with 1690 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 % Point in 17 May 2022 and a record low of -0.200 % Point in 23 May 2024. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Heilongjiang: Hegang data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MA: Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Prefecture Level City.

Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Hebei: Baoding data was reported at -0.200 % Point in 23 May 2024. This stayed constant from the previous number of -0.200 % Point for 22 May 2024. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Hebei: Baoding data is updated daily, averaging 0.000 % Point from Oct 2019 (Median) to 23 May 2024, with 1690 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 % Point in 16 May 2022 and a record low of -0.200 % Point in 23 May 2024. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Hebei: Baoding data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MA: Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Prefecture Level City.

Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Anhui: Huaibei data was reported at -0.200 % Point in 30 May 2024. This stayed constant from the previous number of -0.200 % Point for 29 May 2024. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Anhui: Huaibei data is updated daily, averaging 0.000 % Point from Oct 2019 (Median) to 30 May 2024, with 1697 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 % Point in 14 May 2022 and a record low of -0.200 % Point in 30 May 2024. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Anhui: Huaibei data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MA: Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Prefecture Level City.

Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Anhui: Lu'an data was reported at -0.200 % Point in 30 May 2024. This stayed constant from the previous number of -0.200 % Point for 29 May 2024. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Anhui: Lu'an data is updated daily, averaging 0.000 % Point from Oct 2019 (Median) to 30 May 2024, with 1697 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 % Point in 14 May 2022 and a record low of -0.200 % Point in 30 May 2024. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Anhui: Lu'an data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MA: Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Prefecture Level City.

Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Guangdong: Guangzhou data was reported at -0.100 % Point in 28 May 2024. This stayed constant from the previous number of -0.100 % Point for 27 May 2024. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Guangdong: Guangzhou data is updated daily, averaging 0.000 % Point from Oct 2019 (Median) to 28 May 2024, with 1695 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 % Point in 07 Sep 2023 and a record low of -0.100 % Point in 28 May 2024. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: above LPR: Guangdong: Guangzhou data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MA: Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Prefecture Level City.