This dataset includes expenditure data reported by school districts, charter schools, and virtual schools starting with fiscal year 2009. It also includes student enrollment, demographic, and performance indicators as well as teacher salary and staffing data.

In addition to showing the overall cost per pupil, this dataset provides detail about how much districts spend in major functional areas such as administration, teaching, and maintenance. For more information about the data and how to interpret it, please visit the School Finance Dashboard.

Economically Disadvantaged was used 2015-2021. Low Income was used prior to 2015, and a different version of Low Income has been used since 2022. Please see the DESE Researcher's Guide for more information.

This dataset is one of three containing the same data that is also published in the School Finance Dashboard: District Expenditures by Spending Category District Expenditures by Function Code School Expenditures by Spending Category

List of Indicators by Category

Student Enrollment

• In-District FTE Pupils
• Out-of-District FTE Pupils
• Total FTE Pupils

• Student Headcount
• Low-Income % Headcount
• English Learner % Headcount
• Students with Disabilities % Headcount

• Teacher FTE
• Teachers per 100 FTE Students
• Average Teacher Salary

• Instructional Coach FTE
• Instructional Support FTE
• Special Education Instructional Support FTE
• Paraprofessional FTE

• ELA Grades 3-8 % Meets Exceeds
• Math Grades 3-8 % Meets Exceeds
• ELA Grade 10 % Meets Exceeds
• Math Grade 10 % Meets Exceeds

• Administration
• Instructional Leadership
• Teachers
• Other Teaching Services
• Professional Development
• Instructional Materials, Equipment and Technology
• Guidance, Counseling and Testing
• Pupil Services
• Operations and Maintenance
• Insurance, Retirement Programs and Other
• Total In-District Expenditures
• Total Expenditures

BackgroundMissing school impacts both education and health. The purpose of this study was to address sickness absence in primary schools by adjusting the ‘Medical Advice for Sick-reported Students’ intervention for secondary schools. This was necessary because of fundamental differences in relation to the children’s age and in the schools’ organizational structure.MethodsThe intervention mapping approach steps 1 through 4 were used to adapt ‘Medical Advice for Sick-reported Students’ to primary schools (MASS-PS), including a literature search, stakeholder interviews, establishing a planning group and pre-testing.ResultsIn step 1, a planning group was formed and a logic model of the problem was created. In step 2, a logic model of change was created. In step 3, a theoretical basis and practical strategies were determined. In step 4, practical support materials were designed, and two pre-tests of the materials were performed.ConclusionIntervention mapping was successfully used to adapt MASS to primary schools. The main changes were the lowering of the threshold for extensive sickness absence, consultations between teacher and attendance coordinator, and addition of two experts. With MASS-PS, sickness absence can be addressed as a “red flag” for underlying problems.

This dataset provides mean SAT scores for all Massachusetts public schools and districts by student group since the 2007 school year.

For the years 2007 through 2016, SAT results were based on graduate cohorts determined by The College Board. Starting in 2017, this dataset provides SAT results for tests taken during the given year. The Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education does not rank schools or districts on the basis of SAT results.

The scores from schools with fewer than 10 test takers will not be displayed.

Visit the College Board website for the SAT Suite Data and Reports Archive.

Economically Disadvantaged was used 2015-2021. Low Income was used prior to 2015, and a different version of Low Income has been used since 2022. Please see the DESE Researcher's Guide for more information. 

This dataset contains the same data that is also published on our DESE Profiles site: SAT Performance

This dataset contains MCAS results since 2017, including achievement level, participation rate, average scaled score, and average student growth percentile. The Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System (MCAS) is a statewide assessment administered to help parents, students, educators, and policymakers determine where districts, schools, and students are meeting expectations and where they need additional support. A new civics subject test has been administered since 2025.

This dataset contains state, district and school results; MCAS results for collaboratives can be found in the Profiles report. Please note that Legacy MCAS results are not included in this dataset, nor are PARCC or other student assessment results. A table documenting the transition from Legacy MCAS over time can be found in the DESE Researcher's Guide linked as featured content below. For more information about MCAS data, click here.

Student growth percentile (AVG_SGP) was calculated as a median for 2017. In 2018 and onward, it is a mean. In 2021, a baseline SGP method was used to compare growth from 2019 to 2021, following the COVID-19 pandemic. For all other years, a cohort referenced model is used. For more information on SGP calculations, please see the Student Growth page on DESE's website.

This dataset contains the same data that is also published on our DESE Profiles site: MCAS Achievement Results

This dataset includes school district expenditures by function code starting with fiscal year 2009.

Function codes describe discrete expenditures within major functional areas such as administration, teaching, and maintenance. The report also distinguishes between in-district and out-of-district programs and spending is categorized by funding source, including general fund and grants and revolving funds. For more information about the data and how to interpret it, please visit the School Finance Dashboard.

This dataset only includes school district expenditures. Due to differences how data is reported by school districts and charter schools and virtual schools, charter school and virtual school data is not available at the function code level. Visit the charter school financial report page for more information.

This dataset is one of three containing the same data that is also published in the School Finance Dashboard: District Expenditures by Spending Category District Expenditures by Function Code School Expenditures by Spending Category

List of Functional Spending Codes by Category

*Function code discontinued starting in fiscal year 2018

ADMN Administration

• 1110 School Committee
• 1210 Superintendent
• 1220 Assistant Superintendents
• 1230 Other District-Wide Administration
• 1410 Business and Finance
• 1420 Human Resources and Benefits
• 1430 Legal Service for School Committee
• 1435 Legal Settlements
• 1450 Administrative Technology-Districtwide

• 2110 Curriculum Directors and Dept. Heads (Supervisory)
• 2120 Curriculum Directors and Dept. Heads (Non-Supervisory)
• 2130 Instructional Technology Leadership and Training
• 2210 School Leadership
• 2220 Curriculum/Dept Leaders (School Level)*
• 2250 Administrative Technology and Support (Schools)*
• 2315 Instructional Coordinators (Non-Supervisory)*

• 2305 Teachers, Classroom
• 2310 Teachers, Specialists*

• 2320 Medical/ Therapeutic Services
• 2324 Substitutes, Long-Term
• 2325 Substitutes, Short-Term
• 2330 Paraprofessionals
• 2340 Librarians/Media Center Directors
• 2345 Distance Learning and Online Coursework

• 2351 Professional Development Leadership
• 2352 Instructional Coaches
• 2353 Instructional Staff-Professional Days*
• 2354 Stipends for Teachers Providing Instructional Coaching
• 2355 Substitutes for Prof. Development*
• 2356 Costs for Instructional Staff to Attend Professional Development
• 2357 Prof. Dev. Stipends, Providers, Expenses*
• 2358 Outside Professional Development Providers for Instructional Staff

• 2410 Textbooks
• 2415 Other Instructional Matls (Libraries)
• 2420 Instructional Equipment
• 2430 General Classroom Supplies
• 2440 Other Instructional Services
• 2451 Instructional Hardware - Student and Staff Devices (computers)
• 2453 Instructional Hardware - All Other
• 2455 Instructional Software and Other Instructional Materials

• 2710 Guidance incl Adjustment Counselors
• 2720 Testing and Assessment
• 2800 Psychological Services

• 3100 Attendance and Parent Liaison Services
• 3200 Medical/Health Services
• 3300 Transportation Services
• 3400 Food Services
• 3510 Athletics
• 3520 Other Student Activities
• 3600 School Security

• 4110 Custodial Services
• 4120 Heating of Buildings
• 4130 Utility Services
• 4210 Maintenance of Grounds
• 4220 Maintenance of Buildings
• 4225 Building Security System
• 4230 Maintenance of Equipment
• 4300 Extraordinary Maintenance
• 4400 Technology Infrastructure, Maintenance, and Support - Salaries
• 4450 Technology Infrastructure, Maintenance, and Support - All Other

• 5100 Employer Retirement Contributions
• 5150 Employee Separation Costs
• 5200 Insurance for Active Employees
• 5250 Insurance for Retired School Employees
• 5260 Other Non-Employee Insurance
• 5300 Rental Lease of Equipment
• 5350 Rental Lease of Buildings
• 5400 Short Term Interest RANs
• 5500 Other Fixed Charges
• 5550 School Crossing Guards

• 9100 Tuition to Mass. Schools
• 9110 Tuition for School Choice
• 9120 Tuition to Commonwealth Charter Schools
• 9125 Tuition to Horace Mann Charter Schools
• 9200 Tuition to Out-of-State Schools
• 9300 Tuition to Non-Public Schools
• 9400 Tuition to Collaboratives

• 9130 Charter Transportation Tuition

OODD Out-of-district Expenditure

TTPP Expenditure (Admin, Instruction, Operations)

Transition from primary to grammar school / educational history of the child in primary school / attitude of parents / relationship parents, child / educational stimulation / punishments by parents / relation to the school / influences on decisions regarding school choice / information of parents / child's opportunity to do homework / government aid / attitude to education: / job perspectives / aspirations for child / the child's perspective / information on required educational level for certain jobs / social participation / educational level of children of friends / family reading behaviour and cultural interest / exposure to mass-media / patterns of interest / child's exposure to television / parent, child relations regarding deciding on bedtime / punishments / discipline / pocket-money / friends. Contacts between school and parents / relation to parents / educational goals of headmaster / personality versus subject-matter oriented / traditional versus progressive / perception of reasons for pupil's failure / special efforts for pupils going to grammar school / influence on decisions on post-primary school choice / are pupils tested / attitude to tests / perception of why so few pupils from working-class background go to grammar-school / how to improve conditions for child going to grammar-school / headmaster's duties. Child's educational career at primary school / contacts parents with school / post-primary school career / teachers advice different from actual choice / preferences child / contacts with others about post-primary school choice / tests / sufficient information available for choice / situation at home: private room to do homework / educational career plans after current school / job preferences of parents and child / attitudes on importance of education, school choice, boy, girl difference / knowledge of education needed for certain professions / important factors in socio-economic career / which parent has contacts with school. Background variables: basic characteristics/ residence/ housing situation/ household characteristics/ occupation/employment/ income/capital assets/ education/ religion/ readership, mass media, and 'cultural' exposure/ organizational membership