Data on age in single years including average age and median age and gender for the population of Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions, 2021 and 2016 censuses.

This statistic shows the median age of the resident population of Canada, distinguished by province in 2023. In 2023, the median age of the Canadian population stood at 40.6 years.

Estimated number of persons on July 1, by 5-year age groups and gender, and median age, for Canada, provinces and territories.

The statistic shows the total population in Canada from 2020 to 2024, with projections up until 2030. In 2024, the total population in Canada amounted to about 41.14 million inhabitants. Population of Canada Canada ranks second among the largest countries in the world in terms of area size, right behind Russia, despite having a relatively low total population. The reason for this is that most of Canada remains uninhabited due to inhospitable conditions. Approximately 90 percent of all Canadians live within about 160 km of the U.S. border because of better living conditions and larger cities. On a year to year basis, Canada’s total population has continued to increase, although not dramatically. Population growth as of 2012 has amounted to its highest values in the past decade, reaching a peak in 2009, but was unstable and constantly fluctuating. Simultaneously, Canada’s fertility rate dropped slightly between 2009 and 2011, after experiencing a decade high birth rate in 2008. Standard of living in Canada has remained stable and has kept the country as one of the top 20 countries with the highest Human Development Index rating. The Human Development Index (HDI) measures quality of life based on several indicators, such as life expectancy at birth, literacy rate, education levels and gross national income per capita. Canada has a relatively high life expectancy compared to many other international countries, earning a spot in the top 20 countries and beating out countries such as the United States and the UK. From an economic standpoint, Canada has been slowly recovering from the 2008 financial crisis. Unemployment has gradually decreased, after reaching a decade high in 2009. Additionally, GDP has dramatically increased since 2009 and is expected to continue to increase for the next several years.

In 2023, there were about 5.81 million males and 5.56 million females between the ages of 25 and 44 living in Canada, which was the most out of any age group. The next largest age group was between the ages of 45 and 64, with 5.01 million males and 5.11 million females.

Canadian demographics

The average age of the Canadian resident population was about 40.6 years in 2023, with Newfoundland and Labrador having the oldest average population, and Nunavut having the youngest average population. Additionally, the majority of Canadians in 2022, both males and females, are single. The next largest group of Canadians are married, and not separated.

Immigration to Canada

Much like the United States, Canada is an immigrant nation, and many of its residents have immigrant backgrounds. Additionally, immigration to Canada has been steadily increasing since 2000, making the country a diverse melting pot for people of all backgrounds.

Footnotes: 1 Source: Statistics Canada, Centre for Demography. The table 17-10-0134-01 is an update of table 17-10-0086-01 . 2 Postcensal population estimates are based on the latest census adjusted for census net undercoverage and also based on administrative sources on births, deaths and migration. Intercensal population estimates are based on postcensal estimates and data adjusted for net undercoverage of the censuses preceding and following the considered year. Population estimates are final intercensal from 2001 to 2015, final postcensal from 2016 to 2018, updated postcensal for 2019 and preliminary postcensal for 2020. Population estimates for health regions are derived from the subprovincial population estimates which are produced by the Centre for Demography using the components method. 3 The number of people living in a geographic area, by age and sex. 4 The following standard symbols are used in this Statistics Canada table: (..) for figures not available for a specific reference period and (...) for figures not applicable. 5 Health region population estimates are produced by the Centre for Demography except for the Quebec estimates, which have been prepared by l'Institut de la statistique du Québec for the whole period. 6 Health regions are administrative areas defined by provincial ministries of health according to provincial legislation. The health regions presented in this table are based on boundaries and names in effect as of 2018. For complete Canadian coverage, each northern territory represents a health region. 7 Peer groups are aggregations of health regions that share similar socio-economic and demographic characteristics, based on data from the 2016 Census of Population. These are useful in the analysis of health regions, where important differences may be detected by comparing health regions within a peer group. The eight peer groups are identified by the letters A through H, which are appended to the health region 4-digit code. Caution should be taken when comparing data for the Peer Groups over time due to changes in the Peer Groups. In an analysis involving the peer groups, only one level of geography in Ontario should be used. For more information on the peer groups classification, consult Statistics Canada's publication Health Regions: Boundaries and Correspondence with Census Geography" (catalogue number 82-402-X)."

The footnotes in the table are represented in brackets.Footnotes: 1 For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011. 2 Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language. 'Total' category includes all groups mentioned as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue. 3 The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'. 4 Marital status: Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows: Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living. Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person. Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category. Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category. Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category. Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category. 5 Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French. 6 Selected Aboriginal languages: The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey. 7 Selected non-Aboriginal languages: The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey. 8 Other languages: This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here. 9 Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population. 10 Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree). 11 This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here. 12 This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here. 13 Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date. 14 Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date. 15 Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. 16 Includes persons who are stateless. 17 The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level. 18 Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth. 19 Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011. 20 The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories). 21 China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region. 22 The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam. 23 The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran. 24 The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea. 25 The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.' 26 The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.' 27 Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them. 28 Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level. 29 The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. 30 The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova. 31 The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories). 32 China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region. 33 The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran. 34 The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea. 35 The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam. 36 The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic. 37 The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.' 38 Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities. 39 Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth. 40 Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011. 41 Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011. 42 Includes immigrants who landed in Canada

Families of tax filers; Census families with children by age of children and children by age groups (final T1 Family File; T1FF).

Income of individuals by age group, sex and income source, Canada, provinces and selected census metropolitan areas, annual.

In 2048, the population in Manitoba is projected to reach about 1.84 million people. This is compared to a population of 1.46 million people in 2024.

Annual population estimates as of July 1st, by census metropolitan area and census agglomeration, single year of age, five-year age group and gender, based on the Standard Geographical Classification (SGC) 2021.

Life expectancy at birth and at age 65, by sex, on a three-year average basis.

Employment income (in 2019 and 2020) by major field of study and highest certificate, diploma or degree, for cities. Includes five-year age groups, for the Pan-Canadian Education Indicators Program (PCEIP).

Mean age of mother at time of delivery, 1991 to most recent year.

Between July 1, 2021 and June 30, 2022, more than 70 percent of the immigrants arriving in the city of Toronto, in the Canadian province of Ontario, were between the ages of 20 and 44. People between the ages of 25 and 29, in particular, were the most numerous among the immigrant population, at 43,955. During the same period, there were 12,625 immigrants arriving in Toronto.

In 2023, the provinces with the highest share of the population that were current smokers were Newfoundland and Labrador, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia. In Newfoundland and Labrador, an estimated 15.4 percent of the population smoked at that time, while the national average for Canada was around 11 percent. Smoking increases the risk of a number of health problems, including heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and many types of cancer. How many Canadians smoke? In 2023, it was estimated that around 3.56 million people in Canada smoked daily or occasionally. Smoking in Canada is more common among males than females, however, rates of smoking have decreased for both over the past decade. In 2023, around 13 percent of males were current smokers compared to 10 percent of females. Cigarettes remain the most popular form of tobacco consumption in Canada, followed by vaping and little cigars or cigarillos. Quitting smoking Smoking is addictive and can be extremely difficult to quit. In 2022, around 11 percent of smokers in Canada attempted quitting once in the past 12 months, while a further 12 percent tried quitting three to four times, and 8 percent tried four or more times. At that time, around 26 percent of those who tried quitting used nicotine replacement products, however, most simply tried to quit on their own. To help reduce smoking in Canada, around 40 percent of smokers think the government should make stop smoking clinics, services, and products freely available, but only 21 percent are in favor of raising the legal age to buy tobacco and other nicotine products to 21.

In 2023, New Brunswick and Newfoundland and Labrador were the provinces with the highest prevalence of obesity among adults in Canada. At that time, around ** percent of adults in New Brunswick and Newfoundland and Labrador were considered obese. However, Ontario was the province with the highest total number of obese adults, with over *** million adults suffering from obesity in 2023. What percentage of Canadians are obese? Obesity among adults in Canada has increased in recent years, reaching a high of ** percent in 2023, compared to a prevalence of around ** percent in 2015. That means in 2023, around **** million people in Canada were obese while ***** million were considered overweight. There is not a huge difference in the prevalence of obesity among men and women in Canada, however, men in Canada are much more likely to be considered overweight than women. Being overweight or obese can increase a person’s chances of developing a number of health conditions, including high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, and breathing problems such as asthma. Overweight and obesity among adolescents Overweight and obesity has also increased among adolescents in Canada in recent years. In 2022, around ** percent of adolescents in Canada aged 12 to 17 years were considered overweight or obese, compared to ** percent in the year 2005. Male adolescents in Canada are much more likely to be overweight or obese than their female counterparts. In 2022, around ** percent of adolescent males in Canada were overweight or obese compared to ** percent of female adolescents. The provinces with the highest prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents are New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, and Prince Edward Island.

Data on immigrant status and period of immigration by place of birth, citizenship, age and gender for the population in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and parts.

This table presents income shares, thresholds, tax shares, and total counts of individual Canadian tax filers, with a focus on high income individuals (95% income threshold, 99% threshold, etc.). Income thresholds are geography-specific; for example, the number of Nova Scotians in the top 1% will be calculated as the number of taxfiling Nova Scotians whose total income exceeded the 99% income threshold of Nova Scotian tax filers. Different definitions of income are available in the table namely market, total, and after-tax income, both with and without capital gains.

Age standardized rate of cancer incidence, by selected sites of cancer and sex, three-year average, census metropolitan areas.