In 2024, the number of people living in the middle class and above in Indonesia amounted to over ***** million. In Brunei, over ***** thousand people were middle class and above, accounting for 100 percent of the country's population that year.

In 2024, 100 percent of Brunei's population were middle class or above. Singapore followed, with around **** percent of its population being considered middle class or above. In contrast, **** percent of Myanmar's population earned the equivalent of the top 40 percent of global earners that year.

In 2024, the number of people living in the middle class and above in China amounted to over **** billion. In Brunei, over ***** thousand people were middle class and above, accounting for 100 percent of the country's population that year.

GDP per capita (constant 2015 US$) in Low & middle income was reported at 5265 USD in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Low & middle income - GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on June of 2025.

In 2024, 100 percent of Brunei's population were middle class or above. Taiwan followed, with around **** percent of its population being considered middle class or above. In contrast, *** percent of Afghanistan's population earned the equivalent of the top 40 percent of global earners that year.

Tokyo is the city where the highest number of consumers counts as middle class and above. In the Japanese capital, ** million people earned at least the equivalent of the highest ** percent of global income earners as of 2022 in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Delhi and Shanghai followed behind.

Graph and download economic data for Population, Total for Middle Income Countries (SPPOPTOTLMIC) from 1960 to 2024 about income and population.

This data package includes the underlying data files to replicate the data and charts presented in Is the United States undergoing a manufacturing renaissance that will boost the middle class? by Robert Z. Lawrence, PIIE Policy Brief 24-12.

If you use the data, please cite as: Lawrence, Robert Z. 2024. Is the United States undergoing a manufacturing renaissance that will boost the middle class? PIIE Policy Brief 24-12. Washington, DC: Peterson Institute for International Economics.

Disposable Income per Capita: Urban: Middle Income data was reported at 48,508.000 RMB in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 46,276.000 RMB for 2023. Disposable Income per Capita: Urban: Middle Income data is updated yearly, averaging 8,678.295 RMB from Dec 1985 (Median) to 2024, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 48,508.000 RMB in 2024 and a record low of 737.280 RMB in 1985. Disposable Income per Capita: Urban: Middle Income data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Household Survey – Table CN.HD: Income by Income Level. Since 2013, All households in the sample are grouped, by per capita disposable income of the household, into groups of low income, lower middle income, middle income, upper middle income, and high income, each group consisting of 20%, 20%, 20%, 20%, and 20% of all households respectively.

Consumer price index (2010 = 100) in Middle income was reported at 145 in 2011, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Middle income - Consumer price index (2010 = 100) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

In China, the share of the population that earned at least the equivalent of the highest ** percent of global income earners as of 2022 in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms was **** percent. Hangzhou topped the list with the highest share of middle-class and above category of consumers.

Graph and download economic data for Real Median Family Income in the United States (MEFAINUSA672N) from 1953 to 2023 about family, median, income, real, and USA.

Consumer price index (2010 = 100) in Upper middle income was reported at 143 in 2011, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Upper middle income - Consumer price index (2010 = 100) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

GDP per capita (constant 2015 US$) in Lower middle income was reported at 2347 USD in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Lower middle income - GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on May of 2025.

Income statistics by economic family type and income source, annual.

China Disposable Income per Capita: Upper Middle Income data was reported at 53,359.000 RMB in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 50,220.000 RMB for 2023. China Disposable Income per Capita: Upper Middle Income data is updated yearly, averaging 37,850.925 RMB from Dec 2013 (Median) to 2024, with 12 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 53,359.000 RMB in 2024 and a record low of 24,361.249 RMB in 2013. China Disposable Income per Capita: Upper Middle Income data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Household Survey – Table CN.HD: Income by Income Level.

GDP per capita (constant 2015 US$) in Middle income was reported at 5796 USD in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Middle income - GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

Key information about Russia Household Income per Capita

• Russia Annual Household Income per Capita reached 8,179.123 USD in Dec 2024, compared with the previous value of 7,549.747 USD in Dec 2023.
• Russia Annual Household Income per Capita data is updated yearly, available from Dec 1992 to Dec 2024, with an averaged value of 5,882.623 USD.
• The data reached an all-time high of 9,660.697 USD in Dec 2013 and a record low of 183.584 USD in Dec 1992.
• In the latest reports, Retail Sales of Russia grew 5.200 % YoY in Dec 2024.

CEIC calculates Annual Household Income per Capita from Monthly Average Household Income per Capita multiplied by 12 and converts it into USD. Federal State Statistics Service provides Average Household Income per Capita in local currency. The Bank of Russia average market exchange rate is used for currency conversions.

This folder contains files to help you replicate the analyses from the study "The Myth of the Middle Class Squeeze: Employment and Income by Class in Six Western Countries, 1980-2020". The study uses data from the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS, 2024). To access this data, you must request access to the LIS data by visiting this website: https://www.lisdatacenter.org/data-access/lissy/eligibility/. Once you have access, you can use the codes in this folder to analyze the data. The analysis was conducted in R, and all the packages used are included in the R scripts. Note: The LIS data are not directly accessible. Instead, researchers can access an online platform to submit their analysis codes. The platform then returns the results. You can't download or physically access the data, but you can still use the codes provided here to get the same results as the original study. The LIS regularly updates new modules and revises old ones. This project started in 2022 and, therefore, uses the selection of countries released in LIS in that year. The final execution of this set of modules was done in 2024. To ensure you get the same results, please select the modules in the code and run them on the 2024 release.

In G20 countries, the share of the population that earned at least the equivalent of the highest 10 percent of global income earners as of 2022 in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms varies from over two thirds in Australia to only *** percent in Indonesia. The United States recorded the second-highest upper-class share of the G20 countries. However, looking at for instance China, approximately ** percent of the population counts as middle class or above, whereas just ***** percent counts as upper class or higher.