The metropolitan area of Lagos in Nigeria counted over 14 million middle-class people as of 2018. This was the highest number in Africa. Addis Ababa in Ethiopia followed with 2.7 million individuals belonging to the middle class. The middle-class population included people who had a disposable income of over 75 percent of their salary, were employed, had a business activity, or were in education, and had at least a secondary school degree.

Ethiopia ET: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Sub-Saharan Africa data was reported at 1.299 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.422 % for 2015. Ethiopia ET: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Sub-Saharan Africa data is updated yearly, averaging 1.716 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.141 % in 1991 and a record low of 0.453 % in 1985. Ethiopia ET: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Sub-Saharan Africa data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.World Bank: Imports. Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Sub-Saharan Africa are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from low- and middle-income economies in the Sub-Saharan Africa region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Ethiopia ET: Income Share Held by Highest 10% data was reported at 31.400 % in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 27.400 % for 2010. Ethiopia ET: Income Share Held by Highest 10% data is updated yearly, averaging 27.400 % from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2015, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 38.000 % in 1995 and a record low of 25.500 % in 1999. Ethiopia ET: Income Share Held by Highest 10% data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.World Bank.WDI: Poverty. Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles.; ; World Bank, Development Research Group. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/index.htm).; ; The World Bank’s internationally comparable poverty monitoring database now draws on income or detailed consumption data from more than one thousand six hundred household surveys across 164 countries in six regions and 25 other high income countries (industrialized economies). While income distribution data are published for all countries with data available, poverty data are published for low- and middle-income countries and countries eligible to receive loans from the World Bank (such as Chile) and recently graduated countries (such as Estonia) only. See PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/WhatIsNew.aspx) for definitions of geographical regions and industrialized countries.

Ethiopia ET: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Within Region data was reported at 30.231 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 28.119 % for 2015. Ethiopia ET: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Within Region data is updated yearly, averaging 1.627 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 55 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 33.146 % in 2013 and a record low of 0.176 % in 1996. Ethiopia ET: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Within Region data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.World Bank: Exports. Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies within region are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to other low- and middle-income economies in the same World Bank region as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data. No figures are shown for high-income economies, because they are a separate category in the World Bank classification of economies.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Sub-Saharan Africa (% of total merchandise imports) in Ethiopia was reported at 1.7428 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Ethiopia - Merchandise imports from developing economies in Sub-Saharan Africa (% of total merchandise imports) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on June of 2025.

Ethiopia’s rapid growth over the past two decades has resulted in a surge in income per capita levels, with the country approaching fast the middle-income milestone. Over the past decade, fast growth was driven by capital accumulation, but the extent to which this growth has been equally distributed is unclear. Public infrastructure spending accelerated dramatically in the first half of the 2010s, helping underpin fast economic growth. However, this approach seems to have had important shortcomings. Contrary to the findings of World Bank (2015) which examined an earlier period, total factor productivity (TFP) declined during 2011-2020, contributing negatively to growth. In addition, inequality at the household level increased between 2011 and 2016. Finally, macroeconomic imbalances have widened, a trend exacerbated by recent shocks. This report discusses the drivers of growth in Ethiopia and, in the absence of official subnational gross domestic product (GDP) figures, examines whether there has been convergence in economic activity at the subnational level.

Ethiopia ET: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Middle East & North Africa data was reported at 2.039 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.482 % for 2015. Ethiopia ET: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Middle East & North Africa data is updated yearly, averaging 3.217 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 20.170 % in 2000 and a record low of 0.319 % in 1984. Ethiopia ET: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Middle East & North Africa data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.World Bank: Imports. Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Middle East and North Africa are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from low- and middle-income economies in the Middle East and North Africa region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Middle East & North Africa (% of total merchandise imports) in Ethiopia was reported at 8.0437 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Ethiopia - Merchandise imports from developing economies in Middle East & North Africa (% of total merchandise imports) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on April of 2025.

Caffeine Citrate data across five low- and middle-income countries

https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.ksn02v7c4

This dataset is responses from stakeholders and providers describing the demand, policies, and supply factors affecting the availability and clinical use of Caffeine Citrate (CC) across Nigeria, Ethiopia, South Africa, Kenya and five States in India (where permission was given to share with the public). The dataset covers responses on the presence or absence of caffeine citrate in the Essential Medicines List (EML) and treatment guidelines, apnea of prematurity treatment protocols and practices, different brands of drugs registered in countries, procurement information and barriers limiting access. The data gives insights into status of caffeine, the treatment practices and barriers to access in each country. Apnea of prematurity (AOP) is a common complication among preterm infants (< 37 weeks' gestation), globally. However, access to ...

Ethiopia ET: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: South Asia data was reported at 7.701 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 6.909 % for 2015. Ethiopia ET: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: South Asia data is updated yearly, averaging 2.766 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 10.314 % in 2013 and a record low of 0.648 % in 1985. Ethiopia ET: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: South Asia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.World Bank: Imports. Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in South Asia are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from low- and middle-income economies in the South Asia region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies outside region (% of total merchandise imports) in Ethiopia was reported at 59.7 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Ethiopia - Merchandise imports from developing economies outside region (% of total merchandise imports) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on May of 2025.

Ethiopia’s rapid growth over the past two decades has resulted in a surge in income per capita levels, with the country approaching fast the middle-income milestone. Over the past decade, fast growth was driven by capital accumulation, but the extent to which this growth has been equally distributed is unclear. Public infrastructure spending accelerated dramatically in the first half of the 2010s, helping underpin fast economic growth. However, this approach seems to have had important shortcomings. Contrary to the findings of World Bank (2015) which examined an earlier period, total factor productivity (TFP) declined during 2011-2020, contributing negatively to growth. In addition, inequality at the household level increased between 2011 and 2016. Finally, macroeconomic imbalances have widened, a trend exacerbated by recent shocks. This report discusses the drivers of growth in Ethiopia and, in the absence of official subnational gross domestic product (GDP) figures, examines whether there has been convergence in economic activity at the subnational level.

Additional file 5. COREQ checklist.

Ethiopia ET: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Latin America & The Caribbean data was reported at 0.631 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.715 % for 2015. Ethiopia ET: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Latin America & The Caribbean data is updated yearly, averaging 0.329 % from Dec 1969 (Median) to 2016, with 46 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.919 % in 2007 and a record low of 0.008 % in 1991. Ethiopia ET: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Latin America & The Caribbean data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.World Bank: Imports. Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Latin America and the Caribbean are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from low- and middle-income economies in the Latin America and the Caribbean region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Sub-Saharan Africa (% of total merchandise exports) in Ethiopia was reported at 10.06 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Ethiopia - Merchandise exports to developing economies in Sub-Saharan Africa (% of total merchandise exports) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on June of 2025.

The Ethiopian used car market, valued at $471 million in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, exhibiting a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) exceeding 2.50% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is fueled by several key factors. Rising disposable incomes and a burgeoning middle class are driving increased demand for personal vehicles, particularly in urban areas. Furthermore, the relatively lower cost of used cars compared to new vehicles makes them an attractive option for a large segment of the population. The market is segmented by vehicle type (hatchbacks, sedans, SUVs, MUVs), vendor type (organized and unorganized dealerships), and fuel type (gasoline, diesel, electric, and alternative fuels). The dominance of gasoline and diesel vehicles is expected to continue in the near term, although the nascent electric vehicle market presents a significant long-term growth opportunity, albeit at a slower pace due to infrastructure limitations and high initial costs. Competition amongst established players like Cars 2 Africa, Ultimate Motor, Megebeya com, Marathon Motors Engineering, Proxima Auto Car Dealer, Nyala Motors, and ALEM INTERNATIONAL PL is intensifying, leading to price competitiveness and improved service offerings. Government regulations regarding vehicle imports and emissions standards also play a crucial role in shaping market dynamics. The unorganized sector continues to hold a significant market share, although the organized sector is steadily growing, driven by consumer preference for transparency and warranties. The forecast period (2025-2033) anticipates continued market expansion, driven by ongoing urbanization and economic development in Ethiopia. However, challenges remain. Limited access to financing for vehicle purchases, particularly in rural areas, could restrain growth. Furthermore, fluctuations in currency exchange rates and import duties can impact pricing and availability. Infrastructure limitations, including insufficient road networks and charging infrastructure for electric vehicles, pose further hurdles. Despite these challenges, the positive long-term outlook for Ethiopia's economy suggests that the used car market is poised for sustained growth, presenting significant opportunities for both established players and new entrants. Strategic investments in improving infrastructure and facilitating access to financing could further accelerate market expansion. This comprehensive report provides an in-depth analysis of the burgeoning Ethiopia used car market, offering valuable insights for investors, industry players, and policymakers. Covering the historical period (2019-2024), base year (2025), and forecasting until 2033, this report meticulously examines market dynamics, trends, and growth drivers within this rapidly evolving sector. We delve into market size (in millions of units), segmentation, and competitive landscape, providing a 360-degree view of the Ethiopian used car market. Recent developments include: July 2023: Volkswagen AG announced the expansion of its operations in Ethiopia. The company is looking for a financial partner that provides loan and finance options to buy new and used vehicles in the country., May 2023: The Ministry of Finance of Ethiopia announced the adoption of new investment incentives for the duty-free import of vehicles.. Key drivers for this market are: Increased Demand For Used Cars Compared To New Cars. Potential restraints include: Trust And Transparency In Used Car Remained A Key Challenge For Consumers. Notable trends are: Online Infrastructure witnessing major growth.

Ethiopia ET: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: East Asia & Pacific data was reported at 12.008 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 9.760 % for 2015. Ethiopia ET: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: East Asia & Pacific data is updated yearly, averaging 0.945 % from Dec 1965 (Median) to 2016, with 51 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16.448 % in 2009 and a record low of 0.005 % in 1991. Ethiopia ET: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: East Asia & Pacific data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.World Bank: Exports. Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in East Asia and Pacific are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to low- and middle-income economies in the East Asia and Pacific region according to World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Explore The Human Capital Report dataset for insights into Human Capital Index, Development, and World Rankings. Find data on Probability of Survival to Age 5, Expected Years of School, Harmonized Test Scores, and more.

Low income, Upper middle income, Lower middle income, High income, Human Capital Index (Lower Bound), Human Capital Index, Human Capital Index (Upper Bound), Probability of Survival to Age 5, Expected Years of School, Harmonized Test Scores, Learning-Adjusted Years of School, Fraction of Children Under 5 Not Stunted, Adult Survival Rate, Development, Human Capital, World Rankings

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Last year edition of the World Economic Forum Human Capital Report explored the factors contributing to the development of an educated, productive and healthy workforce. This year edition deepens the analysis by focusing on a number of key issues that can support better design of education policy and future workforce planning.

The African prefabricated houses market is experiencing robust growth, driven by rapid urbanization, increasing infrastructure development, and a growing need for affordable and quickly deployable housing solutions. The market's Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) exceeding 5.50% indicates significant expansion potential over the forecast period (2025-2033). Key market drivers include government initiatives promoting affordable housing, the rising middle class with increased disposable income, and the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of prefabricated construction compared to traditional methods. The demand for both single-family and multi-family prefabricated units is fueling market growth across various regions, with Nigeria, South Africa, Egypt, and Kenya emerging as leading consumers. While challenges such as fluctuating raw material prices and a need for improved regulatory frameworks exist, the overall market outlook remains positive. The presence of established players like Karmod Prefabricated Building Technologies and Kwikspace Modular Buildings Ltd., alongside emerging local companies, fosters competition and innovation within the industry. The market's segmentation by house type allows for targeted approaches catering to diverse customer needs and preferences, furthering market expansion and penetration. The historical period (2019-2024) likely saw a steady increase in market size laying the groundwork for the robust projected growth. The continued expansion of the African prefabricated houses market is expected to be fueled by several factors. Firstly, a sustained increase in construction activities across major African cities will create a heightened demand for housing. Secondly, the adoption of sustainable building practices and environmentally friendly materials is gaining traction, and prefabricated construction aligns well with these goals, leading to increased adoption. Thirdly, the potential for leveraging technology in design and manufacturing processes further boosts the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of prefabricated housing, making it a more attractive option. However, consistent policy support and investment in infrastructure are crucial to ensure the sustained growth of this sector. Addressing challenges like skilled labor shortages and logistical complexities will also be crucial for unlocking the full potential of the prefabricated housing market in Africa. Future market analysis should consider the impact of evolving building codes and regulations on the market growth and the increased adoption of innovative building materials and technologies. Recent developments include: May 2023: A new prefab housing structure is under development by Amsterdam-based architecture firm NLE. They installed a model in Africa's Cape Verde to understand its viability's various aspects as floating houses. The idea is to reduce the overall cost emanating from land prices., January 2022: Housing is one of the major challenges of a city resident in Addis Ababa, the capital city of Ethiopia. Hence, the Addis Ababa City Administration laid the foundation for 5,000 prefabricated houses in the Akaki Kaliti sub-city. Addis Ababa City Administration also stated that 2 million houses would be built during the ten-year development plan.. Notable trends are: Shift Towards Prefab Housing due to High Pricing in Egypt.

Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in South Asia (% of total merchandise imports) in Ethiopia was reported at 9.9309 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Ethiopia - Merchandise imports from developing economies in South Asia (% of total merchandise imports) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on June of 2025.