This dataset is about books and is filtered where the book is Paying for performance for health care in low- and middle-income countries : an economic perspective, featuring 7 columns including author, BNB id, book, book publisher, and ISBN. The preview is ordered by publication date (descending).

This report provides a systematic review and empirical evidence related to the experiences of middle-income countries and economies participating in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), 2000 to 2015. PISA is a triennial survey that aims to evaluate education systems worldwide by testing the skills and knowledge of 15-year-old students. To date, students representing more than 70 countries and economies have participated in the assessment, including 44 middle-income countries, many of which are developing countries receiving foreign aid. This report provides answers to six important questions about these middle-income countries and their experiences of participating in PISA: What is the extent of developing country participation in PISA and other international learning assessments? Why do these countries join PISA? What are the financial, technical, and cultural challenges for their participation in PISA? What impact has participation had on their national assessment capacity? How have PISA results influenced their national policy discussions? And what does PISA data tell us about education in these countries and the policies and practices that influence student performance? The findings of this report are being used by the OECD to support its efforts to make PISA more relevant to a wider range of countries, and by the World Bank as part of its on-going dialogue with its client countries regarding participation in international large-scale assessments.

This statistic presents the perspective of British adults on the influence of the performance of ParalympicGB athletes in the 2016 Palaympic Games on the public perception of disabled people in Great Britain. Responses have subsequently been categorized by the NRS social grade of the respondent.

The NRS social grades are a system of demographic classification used in the United Kingdom. The grades are grouped here into AB, C1, C2, and DE; these are taken to equate to upper middle class, lower middle class, skilled working class, working (and non-working) class, respectively.

When presented with two opposing statements, the largest share of respondents within each social grade indicated that their opinion more closely aligned with the statement that the performance of the British team at the 2016 Paralympics does influence people's perceptions of British disabled people. Within each of the AB; C1, and DE social grade groups the share of respondents that indicated as such was over 80 percent, however, within the C2 social grade group the share of respondents that indicated as such was only 75 percent with the remaining 25 percent indicating that their opinion more closely aligned with the statement that the performance of the British team at the Paralympics does not make a difference to people's perceptions of British disabled people.

Additional file 3. Excel database summary of all reviews.

In 2023, middle school boys had an average height of 169.9 centimeters, while middle school girls were 160.4 centimeters on average. While the height of middle school students in Korea has been steadily increasing, in recent years this growth has slowed. Compared to 2000, boys' average height has increased by eight centimeters, while girls' increased by three centimeters. South Korean school systemThe South Korean school system is divided into elementary school, middle school, high school, and university. Six years of elementary school and three years of middle school education are compulsory. When students enter middle school, the level of happiness decreases sharply due to the full-fledged university entrance examination process. In general, students will wear uniforms starting from middle school, with restricted clothing and hair style. The total number of schools at all levels in South Korea, from kindergarten to graduate school, was over 20,000 in 2023. In recent years, the number of students per class in schools across all levels has significantly decreased due to continued lower birth rates. For example, the number of students per class in middle schools fell from 38 in 2000 to 24.6 in 2023. The South Korean school year consists of two semesters; the Spring semester from March to June and the Fall semester from September to December, with graduation in February. Private education in South KoreaIn 2023, around 78.5 percent of Korea's primary and secondary students participated in private education. Despite the government's efforts to strengthen the public education system, the participation rate in private education remains high. The participation rate of private education by school level was highest for elementary school students and lowest for high school students in terms of increasing after-school hours. Mathematics was the school subject with the highest participation rate in private education, closely followed by English. Korean students spent 7.3 hours a week in private tutoring, with the most common method being to attend a private academy after school. Participation in private tutoring was not dependent on students’ academic performance, but is rather based on preparing for university entrance exams. The average monthly tutoring cost per student increased to 434,000 won in 2023.

Student’s illness, feeding, lifestyle and environmental health related characteristics of school adolescents by academic performance in Hargeisa city, Somaliland.

南非 CCI: Middle Income: Expected Economic Performance在2018-09达9.000 % 点，相较于2018-06的33.000 % 点有所下降。南非 CCI: Middle Income: Expected Economic Performance数据按季度更新，1995-03至2018-09期间平均值为3.000 % 点，共95份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于2018-06，达33.000 % 点，而历史最低值则出现于2017-06，为-25.000 % 点。CEIC提供的南非 CCI: Middle Income: Expected Economic Performance数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Bureau for Economic Research，数据归类于Global Database的南非 – Table ZA.H006: Consumer Survey。

In the academic year of 2022/32, more than 154,000 Chinese students were studying in the United Kingdom. The number of Chinese students studying in British higher education institutions increased by more than 80 percent in the last decade. An attractive destination for Chinese students In recent years, the United Kingdom has overtaken the United States as the top choice among the destination countries for Chinese prospective students. The more affordable tuition fees in the country compared to destinations such as the United States and Australia, the shorter duration of the postgraduate programs, and the reputation of British universities as seen in international rankings have all contributed to the high popularity of the United Kingdom among Chinese students and employers. The diversification of international study destinations At the same time, destinations for Chinese students have become more diverse. The high academic and research performance of the United States in many sectors continues to make it a desirable destination for affluent Chinese students. For students from middle-class or less well-off backgrounds, studying in places such as Japan, Germany, and France are more practical options as these countries offer more affordable programs.

The statistic shows the distribution of the workforce across economic sectors in China from 2013 to 2023. In 2023, around 22.8 percent of the workforce were employed in the agricultural sector, 29.1 percent in the industrial sector and 48.1 percent in the service sector. This year, the share of agriculture increased for the first time in more than two decades, which highlights the difficult situation of the labor market due to the pandemic and economic downturn at the end of the year.

Distribution of the workforce in China

In 2012, China became the largest exporting country worldwide with an export value of about two trillion U.S. dollars. China’s economic system is largely based on growth and export, with the manufacturing sector being a crucial contributor to the country’s export competitiveness. Economic development was accompanied by a steady rise of labor costs, as well as a significant slowdown in labor force growth. These changes present a serious threat to the era of China as the world’s factory. The share of workforce in agriculture also steadily decreased in China until 2021, while the agricultural gross production value displayed continuous growth, amounting to approximately 7.8 trillion yuan in 2021.

Development of the service sector

Since 2011, the largest share of China’s labor force has been employed in the service sector. However, compared with developed countries, such as Japan or the United States, where 73 and 79 percent of the work force were active in services in 2021 respectively, the proportion of people working in the tertiary sector in China has been relatively low. The Chinese government aims to continue economic reform by moving from an emphasis on investment to consumption, among other measures. This might lead to a stronger service economy. Meanwhile, the size of the urban middle class in China is growing steadily. A growing number of affluent middle class consumers could promote consumption and help China move towards a balanced economy.

Performance of different regression algorithms in BMI prediction using 10-fold cross-validation.

Additional file 3. Definitions used by the 13 countries whose data are included in the inaugural version (2021).

Total undiscounted cost of cervical cancer screening and treatment from 2015 to 2024, by income tier, World Bank region, and screening scenario (2013 US$, millions).a

Unadjusted and adjusted linear regression for SPPB and grip strength, women with HIV (N = 104).