How do White Americans operationalize Whiteness? This paper argues religion, in conjunction with country of origin, alters how self-identified White Americans assign ethnoracial labels to other groups. To test the role of religion on White assignment, this paper uses the case of Muslims and Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) Americans. Although MENA individuals are legally classified as White in the US, they are subjected to racialization and often conflated with Muslims. Using historical analysis of racial prerequisite court cases and a survey experiment, I find country of origin and religion play separate, additive roles in racial assignment decisions, both historically and today. White assignment is constructed of both country of origin and religion. These findings also extend to perceived skin tone. This is important because many of the benefits that come from being White depend on whether others perceive an individual as White. Understanding the constitutive parts of Whiteness compels research to be specific when discussing White people and why some “White” people are excluded.

White population of South Carolina improved by 1.35% from 3,485,105 number in 2018 to 3,532,048 number in 2019. Since the 0.76% growth in 2011, white population surged by 10.55% in 2019. According to U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB), “White” refers to a person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa. The White racial category includes people who marked the “White” checkbox. It also includes respondents who reported entries such as Caucasian or White; European entries, such as Irish, German, and Polish; Middle Eastern entries, such as Arab, Lebanese, and Palestinian; and North African entries, such as Algerian, Moroccan, and Egyptian.

662 555 (number) в 2019. According to U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB), “White” refers to a person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa. The White racial category includes people who marked the “White” checkbox. It also includes respondents who reported entries such as Caucasian or White; European entries, such as Irish, German, and Polish; Middle Eastern entries, such as Arab, Lebanese, and Palestinian; and North African entries, such as Algerian, Moroccan, and Egyptian.

5.554.165 (number) in 2019. According to U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB), “White” refers to a person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa. The White racial category includes people who marked the “White” checkbox. It also includes respondents who reported entries such as Caucasian or White; European entries, such as Irish, German, and Polish; Middle Eastern entries, such as Arab, Lebanese, and Palestinian; and North African entries, such as Algerian, Moroccan, and Egyptian.

This dataset tracks annual white student percentage from 1989 to 2016 for Milford Middle East vs. Massachusetts and Milford School District

361.317 (number) in 2019. According to U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB), “White” refers to a person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa. The White racial category includes people who marked the “White” checkbox. It also includes respondents who reported entries such as Caucasian or White; European entries, such as Irish, German, and Polish; Middle Eastern entries, such as Arab, Lebanese, and Palestinian; and North African entries, such as Algerian, Moroccan, and Egyptian.

Use this application to view the pattern of concentrations of people by race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. Data are provided at the U.S. Census block group level, one of the smallest Census geographies, to provide a detailed picture of these patterns. The data is sourced from the U.S Census Bureau, 2020 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File.

Middle East White Coal Market is expected to grow during 2025-2031

Middle East and Africa Body in White-BIW market size is USD 1630.84 million in 2024 and will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 2.2% from 2024 to 2031.

The total number of persons that identify themselves as being racially White (and ethnically non-Hispanic) out of the total number of persons living in an area. "White" refers to a person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa. It includes people who indicated their race(s) as "White". Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey Years Available: 2010, 2011-2015, 2012-2016, 2013-2017, 2014-2018, 2015-2019, 2020, 2017-2021, 2018-2022, 2019-2023

Middle East and Africa accounted for a share of more than 3.00% of the global revenue due to several variables.

Middle East White Line Chipboard Market is expected to grow during 2025-2031

Historical Dataset of Milford Middle East is provided by PublicSchoolReview and contain statistics on metrics:Total Students Trends Over Years (1991-2023),Total Classroom Teachers Trends Over Years (2005-2023),Student-Teacher Ratio Comparison Over Years (2005-2023),Asian Student Percentage Comparison Over Years (1989-2016),Hispanic Student Percentage Comparison Over Years (1989-2016),Black Student Percentage Comparison Over Years (1988-2016),White Student Percentage Comparison Over Years (1989-2016),Two or More Races Student Percentage Comparison Over Years (2013-2016),Diversity Score Comparison Over Years (1989-2016),Free Lunch Eligibility Comparison Over Years (2001-2015),Reduced-Price Lunch Eligibility Comparison Over Years (2005-2015),Reading and Language Arts Proficiency Comparison Over Years (2010-2016),Math Proficiency Comparison Over Years (2010-2016),Overall School Rank Trends Over Years (2010-2016)

FairFace is a face image dataset which is race balanced. It contains 108,501 images from 7 different race groups: White, Black, Indian, East Asian, Southeast Asian, Middle Eastern, and Latino. Images were collected from the YFCC-100M Flickr dataset and labeled with race, gender, and age groups.

5.006.612 (number) in 2019. According to U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB), “White” refers to a person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa. The White racial category includes people who marked the “White” checkbox. It also includes respondents who reported entries such as Caucasian or White; European entries, such as Irish, German, and Polish; Middle Eastern entries, such as Arab, Lebanese, and Palestinian; and North African entries, such as Algerian, Moroccan, and Egyptian.

Middle East and Africa Instant rice market size is USD 43.02 million in 2024 and will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.9% from 2024 to 2031

The Middle East and Africa Vinegar market is expected to reach around USD 655 Million in 2028.

13.546.776 (number) in 2019. According to U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB), “White” refers to a person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa. The White racial category includes people who marked the “White” checkbox. It also includes respondents who reported entries such as Caucasian or White; European entries, such as Irish, German, and Polish; Middle Eastern entries, such as Arab, Lebanese, and Palestinian; and North African entries, such as Algerian, Moroccan, and Egyptian.

Access Middle East Jasmine Rice Industry Overview which includes Middle East country analysis of (Saudi Arabia, Turkey, UAE, Egypt, Qatar, Rest of Middle East), market split by Product Type, Application, Sales Channel, Consumer

The MIddle East & Africa White Goods report provides a detailed analysis of emerging investment pockets, highlighting current and future market trends. It offers strategic insights into capital flows and market shifts, guiding investors toward growth opportunities in key industry segments and regions.