Polygon features depicting areas in Chatham County, NC where surface ownership varies from subsurface ownership of the mineral rights. These are areas where the mineral rights have been severed and taxes paid on the mineral rights separately.Chatham GIS SOP: "MAPSERV-37"

An oil and/or gas lease is an agreement between a mineral owner (lessor) and a company (lessee) in which the owner grants the company the right to explore, drill and produce oil, gas, and other minerals below the surface of the earth. Oil and gas leases are created so that property owner can maintain their mineral rights while leasing their land to an extraction company.The Kansas Geological Survey maintains and publishes this GIS data. The Kansas Department of Revenue is the data originator, and they send updates to the KGS monthly.

Mining Claims are for acquiring locatable mineral rights which have been discovered. They may be 40 acres or 160 acres in size and remain "active" so long as rent is timely paid and annual labor requirements are met. Claims may be converted or required to be converted to Upland Mining Lease before minerals can be extracted if other resources are affected. Before locatable minerals can actually be mined, a mining permit application (APMA or plan of operation and reclamation plan) must be filed and approved This shape file characterizes the geographic representation of land parcels within the State of Alaska contained by the State Mining Claim category. It has been extracted from data sets used to produce the State status plats. This data set includes cases noted on the digital status plats up to one day prior to data extraction. Each feature has an associated attribute record, including a Land Administration System (LAS) file-type and file-number which serves as an index to related LAS case-file information. Additional LAS case-file and customer information may be obtained at: http://www.dnr.state.ak.us/las/LASMenu.cfm Those requiring more information regarding State land records should contact the Alaska Department of Natural Resources Public Information Center directly.

Mining Claims are for acquiring locatable mineral rights which have been discovered. They may be 40 acres or 160 acres in size and remain "active" so long as rent is timely paid and annual labor requirements are met. Claims may be converted or required to be converted to Upland Mining Lease before minerals can be extracted if other resources are affected. Before locatable minerals can actually be mined, a mining permit application (APMA or plan of operation and reclamation plan) must be filed and approved

This shape file characterizes the geographic representation of land parcels within the State of Alaska contained by the State Mining Claim category. It has been extracted from data sets used to produce the State status plats. This data set includes cases noted on the digital status plats up to one day prior to data extraction.

Each feature has an associated attribute record, including a Land Administration System (LAS) file-type and file-number which serves as an index to related LAS case-file information. Additional LAS case-file and customer information may be obtained at: http://dnr.alaska.gov/projects/las/ Those requiring more information regarding State land records should contact the Alaska Department of Natural Resources Public Information Center directly.

This dataset was updated April, 2024.This ownership dataset was generated primarily from CPAD data, which already tracks the majority of ownership information in California. CPAD is utilized without any snapping or clipping to FRA/SRA/LRA. CPAD has some important data gaps, so additional data sources are used to supplement the CPAD data. Currently this includes the most currently available data from BIA, DOD, and FWS. Additional sources may be added in subsequent versions. Decision rules were developed to identify priority layers in areas of overlap.Starting in 2022, the ownership dataset was compiled using a new methodology. Previous versions attempted to match federal ownership boundaries to the FRA footprint, and used a manual process for checking and tracking Federal ownership changes within the FRA, with CPAD ownership information only being used for SRA and LRA lands. The manual portion of that process was proving difficult to maintain, and the new method (described below) was developed in order to decrease the manual workload, and increase accountability by using an automated process by which any final ownership designation could be traced back to a specific dataset.The current process for compiling the data sources includes:* Clipping input datasets to the California boundary* Filtering the FWS data on the Primary Interest field to exclude lands that are managed by but not owned by FWS (ex: Leases, Easements, etc)* Supplementing the BIA Pacific Region Surface Trust lands data with the Western Region portion of the LAR dataset which extends into California.* Filtering the BIA data on the Trust Status field to exclude areas that represent mineral rights only.* Filtering the CPAD data on the Ownership Level field to exclude areas that are Privately owned (ex: HOAs)* In the case of overlap, sources were prioritized as follows: FWS > BIA > CPAD > DOD* As an exception to the above, DOD lands on FRA which overlapped with CPAD lands that were incorrectly coded as non-Federal were treated as an override, such that the DOD designation could win out over CPAD.In addition to this ownership dataset, a supplemental _source dataset is available which designates the source that was used to determine the ownership in this dataset.Data Sources:* GreenInfo Network's California Protected Areas Database (CPAD2023a). https://www.calands.org/cpad/; https://www.calands.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/CPAD-2023a-Database-Manual.pdf* US Fish and Wildlife Service FWSInterest dataset (updated December, 2023). https://gis-fws.opendata.arcgis.com/datasets/9c49bd03b8dc4b9188a8c84062792cff_0/explore* Department of Defense Military Bases dataset (updated September 2023) https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/military-bases* Bureau of Indian Affairs, Pacific Region, Surface Trust and Pacific Region Office (PRO) land boundaries data (2023) via John Mosley John.Mosley@bia.gov* Bureau of Indian Affairs, Land Area Representations (LAR) and BIA Regions datasets (updated Oct 2019) https://biamaps.doi.gov/bogs/datadownload.htmlData Gaps & Changes:Known gaps include several BOR, ACE and Navy lands which were not included in CPAD nor the DOD MIRTA dataset. Our hope for future versions is to refine the process by pulling in additional data sources to fill in some of those data gaps. Additionally, any feedback received about missing or inaccurate data can be taken back to the appropriate source data where appropriate, so fixes can occur in the source data, instead of just in this dataset.24_1: Input datasets this year included numerous changes since the previous version, particularly the CPAD and DOD inputs. Of particular note was the re-addition of Camp Pendleton to the DOD input dataset, which is reflected in this version of the ownership dataset. We were unable to obtain an updated input for tribral data, so the previous inputs was used for this version.23_1: A few discrepancies were discovered between data changes that occurred in CPAD when compared with parcel data. These issues will be taken to CPAD for clarification for future updates, but for ownership23_1 it reflects the data as it was coded in CPAD at the time. In addition, there was a change in the DOD input data between last year and this year, with the removal of Camp Pendleton. An inquiry was sent for clarification on this change, but for ownership23_1 it reflects the data per the DOD input dataset.22_1 : represents an initial version of ownership with a new methodology which was developed under a short timeframe. A comparison with previous versions of ownership highlighted the some data gaps with the current version. Some of these known gaps include several BOR, ACE and Navy lands which were not included in CPAD nor the DOD MIRTA dataset. Our hope for future versions is to refine the process by pulling in additional data sources to fill in some of those data gaps. In addition, any topological errors (like overlaps or gaps) that exist in the input datasets may thus carry over to the ownership dataset. Ideally, any feedback received about missing or inaccurate data can be taken back to the relevant source data where appropriate, so fixes can occur in the source data, instead of just in this dataset.

This series consists of mining licenses and leases topographical location maps which have a scale of 1:250,000. The maps were standard topographical area maps upon which the Mines Department (VA 612) recorded a range of mining information.

Information recorded on the maps included the locations of various mining licences, leases, rights and claims, the type of mining licence, lease or claim recorded, the name of the individual, company or mine, and the licence, lease or claim number.

Abbreviations recorded on the maps included the following:
TL = Tailing Licence
WR = Water Rights
C = Miner's Claim

This series could be used as a means of accessing other Mines Department records through providing the licence/lease number of interest.

Igneous rocks have long been recognised as an important source of metals in uranium mineral systems. Although magmas may form mineral deposits in their own right, they may also contribute directly …Show full descriptionIgneous rocks have long been recognised as an important source of metals in uranium mineral systems. Although magmas may form mineral deposits in their own right, they may also contribute directly to basin-related mineral systems as a source of metals and/or ligands. Thus, mapping of the distribution of uranium in igneous rocks has the potential to highlight potentially prospective regions for uranium mineralisation at a macro-scale. This map is the first in a series of three showing the uranium content of Australian igneous rocks. Map 1 shows the individual geochemical data points compiled for this study. Points are coloured and sized based on their uranium content. Igneous rock types from Geoscience Australia's 1:1,000,000 national surface geology dataset are also shown in the background. Geochemical analyses from igneous rock types spanning all compositions have been utilised, despite the low total abundance of uranium in ultramafic, mafic and intermediate compositions. Together with the two other maps in the series, this map demonstrates the close spatial relationship between uranium-rich igneous rocks and areas of known uranium mineralisation. In addition, new regions previously unknown for uranium mineralisation can be identified.

A Surveyed Sub-Surface Area Object that represents the spatial extent of a mineral claim to which sub-surface rights can be registered. In the Yukon, mineral claims can be classified as Quartz or Placer Claims, where as in other regions they are generically called mineral claims Distributed from GeoYukon by the Government of Yukon . Discover more digital map data and interactive maps from Yukon's digital map data collection. For more information: geomatics.help@yukon.ca

The Mineral Potential Mapper (MPM) project represents a significant step forward in identifying new mineral provinces in Australia. The project demonstrated that the apparent under-representation of giant Ni Cu-PGE sulfide resources in Australia was a consequence of concealment of mineral deposits by sediments, basins and regolith (cover) which has hindered exploration success, rather than a lack of geological endowment. The project focused on the identification of prospective regions considered worthy of more detailed work (by exploration companies). The availability of new digital datasets at continental scale enabled the work which predicted a high potential for Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide deposits in a wide range of geological regions across Australia. The project delivered the following outputs: – a technical report providing the first continental-scale assessment of Ni-Cu-PGE mineral potential of Australia applying knowledge-driven geographic information system (GIS)-based prospectivity analysis methods – a series of Geodatabase digital maps (included in the report) – primary digital data and programming script used in the GIS analysis – a workshop delivered in Perth to industry on the 12 June 2016 – a world first National mineral potential map for Ni Cu-PGE sulfide deposits. The MPM materials have generated considerable industry interest. Chalice Mining Limited (Chalice) (formerly Chalice Gold Mines Limited) notes the MPM “… provided valuable input into Chalice’s regional targeting, particularly when applied to frontier areas” (and that) “… recent success at Julimar validates the work by Geoscience Australia (GA) and shows the impact that pre-competitive data can have when applied to greenfields exploration.” Chalice’s Julimar discovery is the world’s largest deposit of its type discovered in 20 years and one of four Tier one deposits discovered in the world in the last five years. It has spurred a significant uptake in tenements by explorers across a green field region and further significant finds are likely. The project has also generated considerable international government interest, sparking the Critical Minerals Mapping Initiative. The United States of America and Canada are both applying similar innovative mineral systems-based assessment methodologies to undertake precompetitive prospectivity mapping at a national scale. Given the impact of the MPM project will only be fully appreciated with the realisation of new mines, ACIL Allen has considered two hypothetical mine development scenarios: development of the Gonneville deposit based on Chalice’s (Australian Securities Exchange) ASX report of 8 July 2022, and a second case with an expansion of the Gonneville deposit (to 500Mt), coupled with a more spectacular discovery (double the size of the Gonneville deposit). Both success case scenarios were modelled using a conservative set of assumptions drawn from Chalice’s ASX reporting, prevailing market figures and industry norms. Based on those assumptions, ACIL Allen estimates that the development scenarios could generate an overall benefit to the Australian economy of between $3.48 billion and $4.57 billion and between $1.21 billion and $1.56 billion in net benefits to the Commonwealth in terms of taxation. GA’s investment in the project ($3.0 million) enabled the creation of these benefits. Indeed, every dollar invested in this project by the Commonwealth through GA could generate between $1,176 and $1,546 in additional benefits to the economy. The estimated benefit-cost ratio (BCR) for the Commonwealth Government is between 409 and 526 for the ‘success cases’. This is a substantial step up from the initial assessment conduct 12 months ago prior to the availability of resource figures for the Gonneville deposit (with a small and a large mine delivering an overall benefit of between $441 million and $869 million, with a BCR between 65 and 127).

Abstract The dataset was derived by the Bioregional Assessment Programme from multiple source datasets. The source datasets are identified in the Lineage field in this metadata statement. The processes undertaken to produce this derived dataset are described in the History field in this metadata statement. File contains 4 polygons. These polygons were used for close-up maps for the Cooper landscape classification report. Original locations of these polygons had been selected by Chris Pavey …Show full descriptionAbstract The dataset was derived by the Bioregional Assessment Programme from multiple source datasets. The source datasets are identified in the Lineage field in this metadata statement. The processes undertaken to produce this derived dataset are described in the History field in this metadata statement. File contains 4 polygons. These polygons were used for close-up maps for the Cooper landscape classification report. Original locations of these polygons had been selected by Chris Pavey (CSIRO) Dataset History Polygon shapefiles created in ArcGIS. The four polygons were selected to highlight the different distributions of landscape classes and their relationships throughout the Cooper subregion PAE. Dataset Citation Bioregional Assessment Programme (XXXX) Landscape Classification Map - Areas of Interest for the Cooper subregion. Bioregional Assessment Derived Dataset. Viewed 27 November 2017, http://data.bioregionalassessments.gov.au/dataset/1aec6795-7bb7-4c5c-a0da-3de681ae9d51. Dataset Ancestors Derived From QLD Dept of Natural Resources and Mines, Groundwater Entitlements 20131204 Derived From SA Petroleum Exploration Licence/Permit Applications Derived From Queensland QLD - Regional - NRM - Water Asset Information Tool - WAIT - databases Derived From QLD Current Exploration Permits for Coal 6/3/2013 Derived From QLD Mining Claim 6/3/2013 Derived From South Australia Mineral Leases Production, 6 March 2013 Derived From SA Petroleum Production License Applications Derived From Matters of State environmental significance (version 4.1), Queensland Derived From Geofabric Surface Network - V2.1 Derived From Communities of National Environmental Significance Database - RESTRICTED - Metadata only Derived From Asset database for the Cooper subregion on 27 August 2015 Derived From South Australia SA - Regional - NRM Board - Water Asset Information Tool - WAIT - databases Derived From National Groundwater Dependent Ecosystems (GDE) Atlas Derived From QLD Current Authorities to Prospect for Petroleum (ATP), 6/3/2013 Derived From National Groundwater Information System (NGIS) v1.1 Derived From Birds Australia - Important Bird Areas (IBA) 2009 Derived From Surface Geology of Australia, 1:1 000 000 scale, 2012 edition Derived From Queensland QLD Regional CMA Water Asset Information WAIT tool databases RESTRICTED Includes ALL Reports Derived From Queensland wetland data version 3 - wetland areas. Derived From Galilee - Alluvium and Cenozoic 1M surface Geology Derived From Natural Resource Management (NRM) Regions 2010 Derived From SA Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources (DEWNR) Water Management Areas 141007 Derived From South Australian Wetlands - Groundwater Dependent Ecosystems (GDE) Classification Derived From SA Mineral and/or Opal Exploration Licenses Derived From National Groundwater Dependent Ecosystems (GDE) Atlas (including WA) Derived From Asset database for the Cooper subregion on 14 August 2015 Derived From QLD Dept of Natural Resources and Mines, Groundwater Entitlements linked to bores v3 03122014 Derived From Cooper Basin Surface Water Preliminary Assessment Extent v02 Derived From Cooper subregion Preliminary Assessment Extent (PAE) v03 Derived From Species Profile and Threats Database (SPRAT) - Australia - Species of National Environmental Significance Database (BA subset - RESTRICTED - Metadata only) Derived From QLD Mining Lease 6/3/2013 Derived From GEODATA TOPO 250K Series 3, File Geodatabase format (.gdb) Derived From Ramsar Wetlands of Australia Derived From GEODATA TOPO 250K Series 3 Derived From NSW Catchment Management Authority Boundaries 20130917 Derived From Landscape classification of the Cooper preliminary assessment extent Derived From Geological Provinces - Full Extent Derived From South Australia Mineral Production Claims, 6 March 2013 Derived From SA Mining and Production Tenement Applications Derived From SA EconomicElements v1 20141201 Derived From Bioregional Assessment areas v03 Derived From QLD Dept of Natural Resources and Mines, Groundwater Entitlements linked to bores and NGIS v4 28072014 Derived From National Heritage List Spatial Database (NHL) (v2.1) Derived From SA Petroleum Exploration Licences/Permits Derived From Great Artesian Basin and Laura Basin groundwater recharge areas Derived From Lake Eyre Basin Surface water Potential Assessment Extents v01 Derived From Natural Resource Management (NRM) Regions, 2014 Derived From Geological Components of the Cooper Preliminary Assessment Extent (PAE v03) Derived From South Australia Petroleum Production Licenses Derived From QLD Petroleum Leases 6/3/2013 Derived From Multi-resolution Valley Bottom Flatness MrVBF at three second resolution CSIRO 20000211 Derived From Multi-resolution Ridge Top Flatness at 3 second resolution CSIRO 20000211 Derived From Collaborative Australian Protected Areas Database (CAPAD) 2010 - External Restricted Derived From Cooper Basin Seismic Mapping Grids, South Australia Derived From Cooper Formations Merged Isopach Grids v01 Derived From Geofabric Surface Cartography - V2.1 Derived From Geological Survey of Queensland Cooper formation thickness grids v01 Derived From Permanent and Semi-Permanent Waterbodies of the Lake Eyre Basin (Queensland and South Australia) (DRAFT) Derived From SA Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources (DEWNR) Groundwater Licences 141007 Derived From Galilee Recharge Cenozoic Alluvium Regions v01 Derived From SA Mineral and/or Opal Exploration Licence Applications Derived From Lake Eyre Basin (LEB) Aquatic Ecosystems Mapping and Classification Derived From QLD Mineral Development License 6/3/2013 Derived From Australia - Species of National Environmental Significance Database Derived From Asset database for the Cooper subregion on 27 March 2015 Derived From Stein Index Classification for Streams National 20150513 Derived From Bioregional Assessment areas v01 Derived From Bioregional Assessment areas v02 Derived From Australia, Register of the National Estate (RNE) - Spatial Database (RNESDB) Internal Derived From QLD Current Exploration Permits for Minerals (EPM) in Queensland 6/3/2013 Derived From Directory of Important Wetlands in Australia (DIWA) Spatial Database (Public) Derived From Collaborative Australian Protected Areas Database (CAPAD) 2010 (Not current release) Derived From Queensland groundwater dependent ecosystems

Mining property grants a person or company the right to dismantle the land treasure for which the mine property is granted. The mining property is registered with the Land Registry in the Berggrundbuch. In the Federal Republic of Germany, the search for economically important mineral resources such as hydrocarbons, hard coal, lignite or potash and rock salts and their extraction are subject to the provisions of the Federal Mining Act (BBergG). A distinction is made between “mountain-free” and “basic” mineral resources. Land-owned mineral resources are owned by the landowner. The ownership of a plot of land does not extend to mountain-free mineral resources. Anyone who wants to gain (mining) mineral resources requires an authorisation pursuant to § 8 BBergG or the mine ownership pursuant to § 9 BBergG. The issue shall be carried out by the competent authority. For the states of Lower Saxony, Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburg, Bremen and the continental shelf of the North Sea, this is the State Office for Mining, Energy and Geology (LBEG). Both authorisation and mine ownership grant the right to extract mineral resources within a given field. In addition, mining ownership is a “equal property” right, i.e. it is land register and loanable. The field of authorisation or mining property is limited over days and extends to the “eternal depth”, i.e. theoretically, to the center of the earth. The “Mining Property” theme map shows the mining property currently granted by the LBEG.

Mine property grants a person or company the right to mine the land for which the mine property is lent. The mine property is registered with the Land Registry Office in the Berggrundbuch. The search for economically important mineral resources such as hydrocarbons, coal and lignite or potash and rock salts and their extraction are subject to the provisions of the Federal Mining Act (BBergG) in the Federal Republic of Germany. A distinction is made between ‘mountain-free’ and ‘basic’ mineral resources. Basic mineral resources are owned by the landowner. The ownership of a property does not extend to mountain-free mineral resources. If you want to extract (mine) mining-free mineral resources, you need a permit in accordance with § 8 BBergG or the mine property in accordance with § 9 BBergG. Issuance shall be carried out by the competent authority. For the federal states of Lower Saxony, Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburg, Bremen and the continental shelf of the North Sea, this is the State Office for Mining, Energy and Geology (LBEG). Both permit and mine property grant the right to extract mineral resources within a given field. Mine ownership is also a ‘property-like’ right, i.e. it is land register and loanable. The field of authorisation or mine ownership is limited in area over days and extends to the ‘eternal depth’, i.e. theoretically to the centre of the earth. The theme map ‘Mining property’ shows the mining property currently allocated by the LBEG.

For ores as mining-free natural resources within the meaning of Section 3(3) of the Federal Mining Act of 13.8.1980 (BGBl. I p. 1310), the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining (LGRB) grants public mining authorisations (concessions) for exploration (mining permit) and for mining (mining permit and mine ownership). In addition, old mining rights from the period prior to the entry into force of the Federal Mining Act in the form of mining property and land-related mining rights continue to exist. The map shows the existing mining rights on ores. — More information: https://lgrb-bw.de/bergbau

Prospecting Sites are for acquiring potential "locatable" mineral rights (base and precious metals) that have not been discovered yet. Prospecting sites have a term of two years and are staked like a mining claim. This shape file characterizes the geographic representation of land parcels within the State of Alaska contained by the Mining Claim, Permit, or Prospecting Site category. It has been extracted from data sets used to produce the State status plats. This data set includes cases noted on the digital status plats up to one day prior to data extraction. Each feature has an associated attribute record, including a Land Administration System (LAS) file-type and file-number which serves as an index to related LAS case-file information. Additional LAS case-file and customer information may be obtained at: Those requiring more information regarding State land records should contact the Alaska Department of Natural Resources Public Information Center directly.

A placer claim is a parcel of land located or granted for placer mining. A claim also includes any ditches or water rights used for mining the claim and all other things belonging to or used in the working of the claim for mining purposes. A placer claim is a rectangular plot of ground. All angles of a claim must be right angles, except in the case where a boundary line of a previously located claim is adopted as common to both locations. The length of a regular placer claim from post one to post two is 500 feet along a baseline. Co-discovery claims must not exceed 1250 feet each and single discovery claims must not exceed 1500 feet. Distributed from the GeoYukon digital map data collection by Yukon government . Discover more digital map data and interactive maps at Yukon government's Open Maps collection. For more information: Geomatics.Help@yukon.ca

Generated during the project 'INVESTIGACION Y ORDENACION MINERO-AMBIENTAL OF THE ORNAMENTAL ROCA RESOURCES OF THE REGION OF MURCIA. ANALYSIS OF THE MEDIUM. ENVIRONMENTAL INVENTORY. VOLUMES I, II AND III. ’

This dataset contains the extent of mineral claims held in Nunavut. A mineral claim is an area of Crown Land that is selected using the Nunavut Map Selection system by an individual or mineral exploration company that holds a valid licence to prospect. This grants the individual or mineral exploration company the mineral rights to the recorded area as provided for under the Nunavut Mining Regulations, SOR/2014-69. If the holder of a mineral claim wishes to produce minerals from the claim, or to hold it for more than thirty years, the holder must apply for a lease of the claim. This digital coverage provides a record and tracking mechanism for mining exploration in Nunavut. For more information, visit https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1100100036000/1547749889500. Note: This is one of the four (4) datasets that describe mineral tenure in Nunavut. It includes mineral claims, mining leases, prospecting permits as well as coal exploration licences.

A claim is a parcel of land located or granted for hard rock mining. A claim also includes any ditches or water rights used for mining the claim, and all other things belonging to or used in the working of the claim for mining purposes. A claim is a rectangular plot of ground that does not exceed 1,500' X 1,500'. All angles of a claim must be right angles, except in cases where a boundary line of a previously located claim is adopted as common to both locations.Distributed from GeoYukon by the Government of Yukon. Discover more digital map data and interactive maps from Yukon's digital map data collection.For more information: geomatics.help@gov.yk.ca

This file represents Albemarle County's digital cadastral (parcel) layer. The information contained in this file is NOT to be construed or used as a "legal description". Parcel boundaries are believed to be accurate, but accuracy is not guaranteed. Any errors or omissions should be reported to the Albemarle County Real Estate Department. Also, it is possible for a one to many relationship to exist between parcel polygons and parcel IDs. The GPIN_TABLE_current (Geographic Parcel Identification Number) table should be used to identify parcels for which multiple parcel IDs exist (e.g. leaseholds, mineral rights, condos, etc.). To access the information in the GPIN_TABLE_current table, the GPIN field in the parcel layer can be used to link to the GPIN field in the GPIN_TABLE_current table. The PIN (Parcel Identification Number) field located in the parcel layer may only reflect the first parcel ID for a particular parcel. Use the GPIN_TABLE_current table to determine if more PINs exist for any given parcel polygon.</