The monthly net minimum wage in Turkey doubled in 2024 compared to the amount in 2023, reaching ****** Turkish lira. This equaled approximately *** euros according to the exchange rate on April 29, 2024. Labor market dynamics: increasing participation rate The increase in Turkey's monthly net minimum wage aligns with the country's labor force participation rate, which reached a peak of ***** percent in 2022. Furthermore, in 2023, the country experienced a notable decrease in the youth unemployment rate, recording one of the lowest figures in the past twenty years. This surge in labor participation and youth employment indicates a growing pool of economically active individuals, potentially influenced by the substantial rise in the minimum wage. Shifts in sectoral employment Turkey underwent a significant transformation in sectoral employment over the last decade. From 2014 to 2023, both the agricultural and the construction sector experienced a constant decline in employment figures. Meanwhile, the service sector reached a peak level of employment as of 2023. That year, the service sector occupied the highest share of total employment, accounting for nearly ** percent. This reflects the ongoing structural changes in the Turkish economy, where the service sector has emerged as the largest employer.

Minimum Wages in Turkey increased to 26005.50 TRY/Month in 2025 from 20002.50 TRY/Month in 2024. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Turkey Minimum Monthly Wage - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

As of January 2024, the net minimum wage in Turkey amounted to *** euros per month. The figure went up **** percent compared to the corresponding period of the previous year. Over the observed time, the minimum wage in the country saw an increase.

The minimum wage for 2023 in Turkey was set to *** thousand Turkish lira. According to a survey conducted in December 2022, the share of respondents who considered the last announced minimum wage not sufficient amounted to over ** percent. On the other hand, nearly a quarter of the participants thought the newly set minimum wage was sufficient.

Turkey Minimum Wage: Daily: Below Age 16 data was reported at 67.650 TRY in Jul 2018. This stayed constant from the previous number of 67.650 TRY for Jan 2018. Turkey Minimum Wage: Daily: Below Age 16 data is updated semiannually, averaging 19.275 TRY from Jan 2000 (Median) to Jul 2018, with 38 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 67.650 TRY in Jul 2018 and a record low of 3.120 TRY in Jan 2000. Turkey Minimum Wage: Daily: Below Age 16 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Labour and Social Security. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.G044: Minimum Wage.

Turkey Minimum Wage: Monthly: Below Age 16 data was reported at 2,029.500 TRY in Jul 2018. This stayed constant from the previous number of 2,029.500 TRY for Jan 2018. Turkey Minimum Wage: Monthly: Below Age 16 data is updated semiannually, averaging 578.250 TRY from Jan 2000 (Median) to Jul 2018, with 38 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,029.500 TRY in Jul 2018 and a record low of 93.600 TRY in Jan 2000. Turkey Minimum Wage: Monthly: Below Age 16 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Labour and Social Security. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.G044: Minimum Wage.

Wages in Turkey increased to 23789 TRY/Month in 2023 from 8971 TRY/Month in 2022. This dataset provides - Turkey Industry Wage Index - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The ratio of the basic food spending to minimum wage in Turkey stood at almost ** percent as of January 2024. In other words, the monthly expenses on the basic food basket occupied approximately one-sixth of the official minimum wage in the country. To compare, one year prior, the ratio was *** percentage points lower.

In Turkey, the average annual income was recorded at higher values in the case of men than women each year from 2008 to 2023. However, the gender pay gap fluctuated over time and has been widening from 2022. In 2023, men earned over ******* Turkish lira on average, whereas women made nearly ****** Turkish lira. That indicated a **-percent pay gap between men and women in the country. Average income varies significantly depending on education level With high inflation leading to soaring prices and a decline in purchasing power within the country, the Minimum Wage Determination Commission, established by the Turkish government, has taken steps to regulate the minimum wage. As of 2024, the minimum wage was adjusted to ****** Turkish lira (***** U.S. dollars as of September 30, 2024), more than doubling compared to the previous year. Meanwhile, education levels continue to play a crucial role in income disparities in Turkey. Individuals with higher education degrees consistently earned the highest average annual income, reaching nearly ******* Turkish lira in 2023.  In contrast, illiterate individuals earned about ****** Turkish lira on average. Labor force participation and economic inactivity The average labor force participation rate in Turkey reached **** percent in 2023, with considerable regional variations. That year, Ardahan recorded the highest rate at **** percent, while Siirt had the lowest at **** percent. At the same time, there were a significant number of Turkish people who were not in the workforce in 2023. Over **** million people did not work that year due to being housewives, and nearly *** million were absent due to disability, old age, or illness.

Wages in Manufacturing in Turkey increased to 915.49 points in the first quarter of 2025 from 772.33 points in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Turkey Gross Wages in Manufacturing Index - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Turkey Minimum Wage: Monthly: Below Age 16: Net data was reported at 1,603.120 TRY in Jul 2018. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1,603.120 TRY for Jan 2018. Turkey Minimum Wage: Monthly: Below Age 16: Net data is updated semiannually, averaging 464.265 TRY from Jan 2000 (Median) to Jul 2018, with 38 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,603.120 TRY in Jul 2018 and a record low of 70.670 TRY in Jan 2000. Turkey Minimum Wage: Monthly: Below Age 16: Net data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Labour and Social Security. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.G044: Minimum Wage.

TR: Monthly Minimum Wage data was reported at 708.000 EUR in Jun 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 568.000 EUR for Dec 2024. TR: Monthly Minimum Wage data is updated semiannually, averaging 362.000 EUR from Jun 1999 (Median) to Jun 2025, with 53 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 708.000 EUR in Jun 2025 and a record low of 157.000 EUR in Dec 2001. TR: Monthly Minimum Wage data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.Eurostat: Monthly Minimum Wage.

Turkey TR: Proportion of People Living Below 50 Percent Of Median Income: % data was reported at 17.800 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 17.300 % for 2020. Turkey TR: Proportion of People Living Below 50 Percent Of Median Income: % data is updated yearly, averaging 17.400 % from Dec 2017 (Median) to 2021, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 17.800 % in 2021 and a record low of 17.300 % in 2020. Turkey TR: Proportion of People Living Below 50 Percent Of Median Income: % data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.World Bank.WDI: Social: Poverty and Inequality. The percentage of people in the population who live in households whose per capita income or consumption is below half of the median income or consumption per capita. The median is measured at 2017 Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) using the Poverty and Inequality Platform (http://www.pip.worldbank.org). For some countries, medians are not reported due to grouped and/or confidential data. The reference year is the year in which the underlying household survey data was collected. In cases for which the data collection period bridged two calendar years, the first year in which data were collected is reported.;World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are mostly from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see http://pip.worldbank.org.;;The World Bank’s internationally comparable poverty monitoring database now draws on income or detailed consumption data from more than 2000 household surveys across 169 countries. See the Poverty and Inequality Platform (PIP) for details (www.pip.worldbank.org).

Abstract

Turkey Household Income and Consumption Expenditure Survey (HICES) started in Turkey in 1987. Since 2002 it has been conducted annually. The survey is one of the major sources that provide information on the socio-economic structures, living standards and consumption patterns of the households in Turkey.

Turkey HICES has the following objectives: - obtain weights to calculate Consumer Price Index, - monitor changes that occur in the consumption patterns of the households over time, - compile data to estimate consumption expenditures for the National Accounts, - determine poverty line and obtain other socio-economic indicators, - obtain data required for studies on minimum wage determination.

The survey was carried out between January 1 - December 31, 2007, with the annual sample of 8,640 households (720 households were interviewed each month). Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose (COICOP) code was applied in the study.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• individuals;
• households.

A household is defined as a community, which is comprised of one or more members living together in the same housing or part of the housing unit, either with blood relationship or not, meeting the basic needs together, participating in management of the household.

Universe

Private households in Turkey. Population in assisted living facilities, prisons, military barracks, hospitals, hotels, orphanages as well as immigrant population were excluded from the study.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Stratified multi-stage systematic sampling method was used in the survey.

Households were selected from urban and rural areas of Turkey. Settlements with population equal to or more than 20,001 belonged to the urban areas. Settlements with population equal to or less than 20,000 belonged to rural areas.

The sample frame for the survey was obtained from two sources:

• information from General Building Census realized by the TurkStat in 2000 and Population 1 Numbering Work Form 2000 (for settlements with municipalities);
• 1997 General Census Results (for settlements without municipalities (villages)).

Turkey was allocated into blocks of approximately 200 households each. Sample blocks were selected from those blocks by using the probability proportional to size sampling method. Address listing survey was conducted in the selected blocks.

To select households, an address, education, employment status, occupation of the head of the household, status of property and heating system, total number of members, number of members 15 and older, and variables related to the agricultural data of the household were grouped, and sample units out of each block were systematically selected. A household was defined as the final sampling unit.

In case a sample household refused or could not participate in the survey, non-response section at the bottom of the questionnaire was filled out and substitution was used.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The questionnaire was redesigned to match international standards, using recommendations from "Household Budget Surveys in European Union, Methodology and Recommendations for Harmonization," the publication of the Statistical Office of the European Communities (EUROSTAT).

Two basic groups of variables have been obtained from the survey: - variables of socio-economic status of the households (type of housing, status of property, heating system, housing facilities, premises and transportation vehicles, etc.); - variables related to the individuals (age, gender, academic background), variables of employment status (occupation, economic activity, performance at work) income both available and unavailable for the activity in last year.

Three different classifications were used in 2004 HBS: 1) Classification of Individual Consumption by Purpose (COICOP, 2004) to list the expenditure items for consumption, 2) Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in European Union (NACE-Rev.1) to classify economic activities of employees, 3) International Standard Classification of Occupation (ISCO-88) to list occupations.

TR: Law Mandates Equal Remuneration for Females & Males for Work of Equal Value: 1=Yes; 0=No data was reported at 1.000 NA in 2017. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1.000 NA for 2015. TR: Law Mandates Equal Remuneration for Females & Males for Work of Equal Value: 1=Yes; 0=No data is updated yearly, averaging 1.000 NA from Dec 2013 (Median) to 2017, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.000 NA in 2017 and a record low of 1.000 NA in 2017. TR: Law Mandates Equal Remuneration for Females & Males for Work of Equal Value: 1=Yes; 0=No data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.World Bank.WDI: Policy and Institutions. Law mandates equal remuneration for females and males for work of equal value is whether there is a law that obligates employers to pay equal remuneration to male and female employees who do work of equal value.“Remuneration” refers to the ordinary, basic or minimum wage or salary and any additional emoluments payable directly or indirectly, whether in cash or in kind, by the employer to the worker and arising out of the worker’s employment. “Work of equal value” refers not only to the same or similar jobs but also to different jobs of the same value.; ; World Bank: Women, Business and the Law.; ;

Turkey Cost of Living Index: 63=100: Istanbul: Monthly data was reported at 517,132,174.700 1963=100 in Oct 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 509,020,201.200 1963=100 for Sep 2018. Turkey Cost of Living Index: 63=100: Istanbul: Monthly data is updated monthly, averaging 202,839.100 1963=100 from Jan 1964 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 658 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 517,132,174.700 1963=100 in Oct 2018 and a record low of 100.400 1963=100 in Aug 1964. Turkey Cost of Living Index: 63=100: Istanbul: Monthly data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Istanbul Chamber of Commerce. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.I015: Cost of Living Index: Wage Earners: Istanbul: 1963=100.

Turkey Cost of Living Index: 68=100: Istanbul: Miscellaneous data was reported at 446,589,663.600 1968=100 in Oct 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 443,615,496.000 1968=100 for Sep 2018. Turkey Cost of Living Index: 68=100: Istanbul: Miscellaneous data is updated monthly, averaging 18,628,560.950 1968=100 from Jan 1978 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 490 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 446,589,663.600 1968=100 in Oct 2018 and a record low of 408.300 1968=100 in Jan 1978. Turkey Cost of Living Index: 68=100: Istanbul: Miscellaneous data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.I014: Cost of Living Index: Wage Earners: Istanbul: 1968=100.

Turkey Cost of Living Index: 68=100: Istanbul: Heating & Lighting Articles data was reported at 550,472,074.800 1968=100 in Oct 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 554,752,963.100 1968=100 for Sep 2018. Turkey Cost of Living Index: 68=100: Istanbul: Heating & Lighting Articles data is updated monthly, averaging 14,577,039.700 1968=100 from Jan 1978 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 490 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 554,752,963.100 1968=100 in Sep 2018 and a record low of 552.100 1968=100 in Jan 1978. Turkey Cost of Living Index: 68=100: Istanbul: Heating & Lighting Articles data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.I014: Cost of Living Index: Wage Earners: Istanbul: 1968=100.

Turkey Cost of Living Index: 63=100: Istanbul (IB) data was reported at 428,251,644.200 1963=100 in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 383,616,648.700 1963=100 for 2016. Turkey Cost of Living Index: 63=100: Istanbul (IB) data is updated yearly, averaging 12,568.000 1963=100 from Dec 1953 (Median) to 2017, with 65 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 428,251,644.200 1963=100 in 2017 and a record low of 40.100 1963=100 in 1953. Turkey Cost of Living Index: 63=100: Istanbul (IB) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Istanbul Chamber of Commerce. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.I015: Cost of Living Index: Wage Earners: Istanbul: 1963=100.

Turkey Cost of Living Index: 95=100: Istanbul: Dwelling Expenses data was reported at 23,676.100 1995=100 in Oct 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 23,327.800 1995=100 for Sep 2018. Turkey Cost of Living Index: 95=100: Istanbul: Dwelling Expenses data is updated monthly, averaging 9,291.150 1995=100 from Jan 1996 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 274 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 23,676.100 1995=100 in Oct 2018 and a record low of 150.600 1995=100 in Jan 1996. Turkey Cost of Living Index: 95=100: Istanbul: Dwelling Expenses data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.I012: Cost of Living Index: Wage Earners: Istanbul: 1995=100.