As of January 2025, the National Capital Region (NCR) or Metro Manila registered the highest real minimum wage at ****** Philippine pesos per day. This was followed by Region IV-A or CALABARZON with a minimum wage of ****** Philippine pesos per day.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset presents the mean household income for each of the five quintiles in Tool, TX, as reported by the U.S. Census Bureau. The dataset highlights the variation in mean household income across quintiles, offering valuable insights into income distribution and inequality.

Key observations

• Income disparities: The mean income of the lowest quintile (20% of households with the lowest income) is 14,165, while the mean income for the highest quintile (20% of households with the highest income) is 283,983. This indicates that the top earners earn 20 times compared to the lowest earners.
• *Top 5%: * The mean household income for the wealthiest population (top 5%) is 538,901, which is 189.77% higher compared to the highest quintile, and 3804.45% higher compared to the lowest quintile.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Income Levels:

• Lowest Quintile
• Second Quintile
• Third Quintile
• Fourth Quintile
• Highest Quintile
• Top 5 Percent

Variables / Data Columns

• Income Level: This column showcases the income levels (As mentioned above).
• Mean Household Income: Mean household income, in 2023 inflation-adjusted dollars for the specific income level.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Tool median household income. You can refer the same here

Abstract

A. Objectives

To generate statistics for wage and salary administration and for wage determination in collective bargaining negotiations.

B. Uses of Data

Inputs to wage, income, productivity and price policies, wage fixing and collective bargaining; occupational wage rates can be used to measure wage differentials, wage inequality in typical low wage and high wage occupations and for international comparability; industry data on basic pay and allowance can be used to measure wage differentials across industries, for investment decisions and as reference in periodic adjustments of minimum wages.

C. Main Topics Covered

Occupational wage rates Median basic pay and median allowances of time-rate workers on full-time basis

Geographic coverage

National coverage, 17 administrative regions

Analysis unit

Establishment

Universe

The survey covered non-agricultural establishments employing 20 or more workers except national postal activities, central banking, public administration and defense and compulsory social security, public education services, public medical, dental and other health services, activities of membership organizations, extra territorial organizations and bodies.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Statistical unit: The statistical unit is the establishment. Each unit is classified to an industry that reflects its main economic activity---the activity that contributes the biggest or major portion of the gross income or revenues of the establishment.

Survey universe/Sampling frame: The 2006 BLES Survey Sampling Frame (SSF 2006) is an integrated list of establishments culled from the 2004 List of Establishments of the National Statistics Office, updated 2004 BLES Sampling Frame based on the status of establishments reported in the 2003/2004 BLES Integrated Survey (BITS). Reports on closures and retrenchments of establishments submitted to the Regional Offices of the Department of Labor and Employment were also considered in preparing the 2006 frame.

Sampling design: The OWS is a sample survey of non-agricultural establishments employing 20 persons or more where the survey domain is the industry. Those establishments employing at least 200 persons are covered with certainty and the rest are sampled (stratified random sampling). The design does not consider the region as a domain to allow for more industry coverage.

Sample size: For 2006 OWS, number of establishments covered was 7,630 of which, 6,432 were eligible units.

Note: Refer to Field Operations Manual Chapter 2 Section 2.5.

Sampling deviation

Not all of the fielded questionnaires are accomplished. During data collection, there are reports of permanent closures, non-location, duplicate listing and shifts in industry and employment outside the survey coverage. Establishments that fall in these categories are not eligible elements (three consecutive survey rounds for "can not be located" establishments) of the frame and their count is not considered in the estimation. Non-respondents are made up of refusals, strikes or temporary closures, can not be located (less than three consecutive survey rounds) and those establishments whose questionnaires contain inconsistent item responses and have not replied to the verification queries by the time output table generation commences.

Respondents are post-stratified as to geographic, industry and employment size classifications. Non-respondents are retained in their classifications. Sample values of basic pay and allowances for the monitored occupations whose basis of payment is an hour or a day are converted into a standard monthly equivalent, assuming 313 working days and 8 hours per day. Daily rate x 26.08333; Hourly rate x 208.66667.

Mode of data collection

Other [oth] mixed method: self-accomplished, mailed, face-to-face

Research instrument

The questionnaire contains the following sections:

Cover Page (Page 1) This contains the address box, contact particulars for assistance, spaces for changes in the name and location of sample establishment and head office information in case the questionnaire is endorsed to it and status codes of the establishment to be accomplished by BLES and its field personnel.

Survey Information (Page 2) This contains the survey objective and uses of the data, scope of the survey, confidentiality clause, collection authority, authorized field personnel, coverage, periodicity and reference period, due date for accomplishment and expected date when the results of the 2006 OWS would be available.

Part A: General Information (Page 3) This portion inquires on main economic activity, major products/goods or services and total employment.

Part B: Employment and Wage Rates of Time-Rate Workers on Full-Time Basis (Pages 4-5) This section requires data on the number of time-rate workers on full-time basis by time unit and by basic pay and allowance intervals.

Part C: Employment and Wage Rates of Time-Rate Workers on Full-Time Basis in Selected Occupations (Pages 6-9) This part inquires on the basic pay and allowance per time unit and corresponding number of workers in the two benchmark occupations and in the pre-determined occupations listed in the occupational sheet to be provided to the establishment where applicable.

Part D: Certification (Page 10) This portion is provided for the respondent's name/signature, position, telephone no., fax no. and e-mail address and time spent in answering the questionnaire.

Appropriate spaces are also provided to elicit comments on data provided for the 2006 OWS; results of the 2004 OWS; and presentation/packaging, particularly on the definition of terms, layout, font and color.

Part E: Survey Personnel (Page 10) This portion is for the particulars of the enumerators and area/regional supervisors and reviewers at the BLES and DOLE Regional Offices involved in the data collection and review of questionnaire entries.

Part F: Industries With Selected Occupations (Page 11) The list of industries for occupational wage monitoring has been provided to guide the enumerators in determining the correct occupational sheet that should be furnished to the respondent.

Results of the 2004 OWS (Page 12) The results of the 2004 OWS are found on page 12 of the questionnaire. These results can serve as a guide to the survey personnel in editing/review of the entries in the questionnaire.

Note: Refer to questionnaire and List of Monitored Occupations.

Cleaning operations

Data were manually and electronically processed. Upon collection of accomplished questionnaires, enumerators performed field editing before leaving the establishments to ensure completeness, consistency and reasonableness of entries in accordance with the Field Operations Manual. The forms were again checked for data consistency and completeness by their field supervisors.

The BLES personnel undertaook the final review, coding of information on classifications used, data entry and validation and scrutiny of aggregated results for coherence. Questionnaires with incomplete or inconsistent entries were returned to the establishments for verification, personally or through mail.

Note: Refer to Field Operations Manual Chapter 1 Section 1.10.

Response rate

The response rate in terms of eligible units was 87.56%.

Sampling error estimates

Estimates of the sampling errors computed.

Note: Refer to Coefficients of Variation.

Data appraisal

The survey results are checked for consistency with the results of previous OWS data and the minimum wage rates corresponding to the reference period of the survey.

Average wage rates of unskilled workers by region is compared for proximity with the corresponding minimum wage rates during the survey reference period.

Abstract

Throughout the Middle East, unemployment rates of educated youth have been persistently high and female labor force participation, low. Researchers from the World Bank studied the impact of a randomized experiment in Jordan designed to assist female community college graduates find employment. One group of graduates was given wage subsidy vouchers that could be redeemed by their employers for up to six months for a value equivalent to the prevailing minimum wage; a second group was invited to attend 45 hours of soft skills training; a third group was offered both interventions; and the fourth group formed the control group.

To conduct the study, researchers chose eight public community colleges with the largest female enrolment numbers. Four colleges were in Central Jordan (Amman University College, Princess Alia University College, Al-Salt College, Zarqa University College) and four in Northern and Southern Jordan (Al-Huson University College for Engineering, Irbid University College, Ajloun University College, and Al-Karak University College).

Four individual level survey questionnaires were administered during the impact evaluation study. The baseline survey was conducted in July 2010, the midline - in April 2011, the first endline was carried out in December 2011, and the second endline - in January 2013.

Geographic coverage

Amman, Salt, Zarqa, Irbid, Ajloun, and Karak.

Analysis unit

Female community colleges graduates from the class of 2010.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Researchers chose the eight public community colleges with the largest female enrollment numbers, which comprise over 85% of total female public community college enrollment. In July 2010 just before final graduation exams, data collectors conducted baseline surveys for most of the 404 male and all of the 1,776 female second-year students from these eight colleges. In August 2010, the researchers merged the baseline data with administrative data on examination results, which revealed that 324 men and 1,418 women passed their examinations. Of the 1,418 women who passed their examinations, the researchers randomly assigned by computer 1,349 of these graduates to be in the experimental sample. However, two of these graduates were male but incorrectly recorded as female. They were subsequently dropped from the sample.

The experimental sample of 1,347 was stratified into 16 strata and randomly assigned by computer into three treatment groups and a control group. The strata were created based on the following four characteristics: whether or not (1) the community college was in Amman (Amman, Salt, and Zarqa) or outside Amman, (2) an individual's Tawjihi examination score at the end of high school was above the sample median, (3) an individual indicated at baseline that she planned to work full-time and thought it at least somewhat likely that she would have a job within 6 months of graduating, and (4) she is usually permitted to travel to the market alone. Within each of the 16 strata, 22.2% of the students were allocated to receive the wage voucher only, 22.2% allocated to receive the soft skills training only, 22.2% allocated to receive both, and 33.3% allocated to the control group. This resulted in 299 or 300 in each treatment group, and 449 in the control group.

Sampling deviation

The only deviation from the sample design involved dropping two graduates from the sample because they were incorrectly recorded as female.

Mode of data collection

Other [oth]

Research instrument

All questionnaires were initially developed in English and subsequently translated into Modern Standard Arabic.

The questionnaire design process was based on standard labor force survey questions, academic literature on well being, mental health, and female empowerment, and inputs from Al Balqa Community Colleges, the Chamber of Commerce, the Ministry of Planning and International Cooperation, the Social Security Corportation, the Department of Statistics, Dajani Consulting, Business Development Center, and local firms.

The questionnaires were piloted and adjusted accordingly in each survey round.

Response rate

In the midline, first endline, and second endline surveys, researchers successfully followed up with 92%, 96%, and 92% of graduates in the sample, respectively. In the first and second endline surveys, the team collected a portion of the survey data (3% and 9%, respectively) by proxy through their relatives. This survey experienced very few problems with outright rejections to answer the survey questions although the proxy responses reflect graduates or their families refusing to allow the graduate respond for herself. The vast majority of attrition comes from disconnected cell phones and the inability to completely track individuals down.

The attrition rates are low and slightly vary by treatment status. The wage voucher group has the lowest attrition (3% midline, 1% 1st endline, 4% 2nd endline), which is likely due to the additional information gathered through monitoring the voucher usage. On the other hand, the control group experienced the highest attrition (11% midline, 7% 1st endline, 11% 2nd endline), which is likely because there was no additional contact with the control group outside of the surveys.

The WageIndicator Labour Law Database aims to collect information about national Labour Law. The database is used to publish relevant clauses with information about the national Labour Law on the national WageIndicator websites and on the home page of WageIndicator (see National Labour Law Information - WageIndicator.org). All Labour Law clauses in the database are also coded, according to a coding scheme, as presented in the attached codebook. These codes support the generation of the biennial Labour Rights Index for all countries in the database (see https://labourrightsindex.org/).

The Index is a de jure index that measures major aspects of employment regulation affecting a worker during the employment life cycle. The Labour Rights Index covers 10 topics/indica tors and 46 evaluation criteria. All of these are based on substantive elements of the Decent Work Agenda. The criteria are all grounded in UDHR, five UN Conventions, five ILO Declarations, 35 ILO Conventions, and four ILO Recommendations.

The Labour Law database is used for the Decent Work Check, a tried and tested WageIndicator product. Created together with trade unions and employers organisations and WageIndicator teams. The Decent Work Check is used as an offline tool - in print. The check works as an awareness tool and a quick check of your labour law knowledge. The Decent Work Check is seen as an eyeopener for workers, trade unionists, employers and even labour inspectors. The data collection started in 2013 with 16 countries, and gradually more countries were added. As of today, the WageIndicator Labour Law Database holds detailed country profiles for 118 countries. More countries are scheduled for the years to come (see https://wageindicator.org/labour-laws/labour-law-around-the-world/decent-work-check). Each year, the national labour laws are checked for updates. In addition, the database is also used to generate Decent Work Surveys, whereby workers are informed about the compliance of their job with the Labour Law. In 2024 these Surveys are running in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Indonesia (see https://wageindicator.org/about/projects/multi-actor-partnership-for-improved-due-diligence-implementation-in-the-textile-sector-via-worker-and-community-based-monitoring, https://wageindicator.org/about/projects/living-wages-in-flowers-garment-leather-in-ethiopia-phase-iii,

https://wageindicator.org/about/projects/makin-terang-improving-work-and-worker-representation-in-indonesia).

The data collection method is through desk research, which is possible because all national laws can be accessed through the Internet. The database is based on more than 13 years of research by WageIndicator Foundation (Netherlands) and its labour law office, i.e., the Centre for Labour Research (Pakistan). More than 30 WageIndicator team members have contributed to the Index by providing relevant data informing various indicators under the Index.

The WageIndicator Labour Law Database includes coded labour law data for all countries with a Decent Work Check plus for countries that are scheduled to be included for the Decent Work Check tool. The codes for the Decent Work Check countries are double checked, which is not yet the case for the countries not yet included. The list of these Decent Work Check countries can be found in Table 5 in the Codebook. Table 1 provides a list of all variables and values in the database; variable type and value labels; number of observations and minimum and maximum values. Table 2 holds a list of industries, according to the NACE industry classification. Table 3 has a list of the job titles, coded according to. Table 4 includes a list of the codes and names of the bank holidays.

The cost of providing safe, reliable water services in the United States is increasing for utilities and their customers, raising questions about the scale and scope of water affordability challenges. How we measure and understand water affordability is debated. Here, we developed an open and repeatable approach that calculates five affordability metrics, including a new metric that combines affordability prevalence and burden along a continuum. We calculated these metrics for multiple volumes of water usage (from 0 to 16,000 gallons per month) using rate data available in 2020 at the scale of census block groups and service areas. We applied this approach to 1,791 utilities in four states (California, Pennsylvania, North Carolina, and Texas), which cumulatively serve 72 million persons. We found 77% of utilities had more than 20% of their population below 200% of the federal poverty level, suggesting widespread poverty contributes to affordability challenges for many utilities. Minimum wage earners spend more than a day of labor per month to pay water bills for relatively low usage (4,000 gallons per month) in 67% of utilities, but upwards of 3 days of labor at higher volumes (12,000 gallons per month) in 29% of utilities. Depending on how much water a household uses, our results suggest a tenth to a third of households are working more than a day each month to afford their water bills. We developed an interactive data visualization tool to bring greater transparency to water affordability by allowing users to explore affordability at the block group and utility scale at different volumes of usage. The underlying data in the visualization tool can be expanded and updated over time, further increasing the transparency and understanding of water affordability in the U.S. ... [Read More]

Systematically evaluating scientific literature is a time consuming endeavor that requires hours of coding and rating. Here, we describe a method to distribute these tasks across a large group through online crowdsourcing. Using Amazon's Mechanical Turk, crowdsourced workers (microworkers) completed four groups of tasks to evaluate the question, “Do nutrition-obesity studies with conclusions concordant with popular opinion receive more attention in the scientific community than do those that are discordant?” 1) Microworkers who passed a qualification test (19% passed) evaluated abstracts to determine if they were about human studies investigating nutrition and obesity. Agreement between the first two raters' conclusions was moderate (κ = 0.586), with consensus being reached in 96% of abstracts. 2) Microworkers iteratively synthesized free-text answers describing the studied foods into one coherent term. Approximately 84% of foods were agreed upon, with only 4 and 8% of ratings failing manual review in different steps. 3) Microworkers were asked to rate the perceived obesogenicity of the synthesized food terms. Over 99% of responses were complete and usable, and opinions of the microworkers qualitatively matched the authors' expert expectations (e.g., sugar-sweetened beverages were thought to cause obesity and fruits and vegetables were thought to prevent obesity). 4) Microworkers extracted citation counts for each paper through Google Scholar. Microworkers reached consensus or unanimous agreement for all successful searches. To answer the example question, data were aggregated and analyzed, and showed no significant association between popular opinion and attention the paper received as measured by Scimago Journal Rank and citation counts. Direct microworker costs totaled $221.75, (estimated cost at minimum wage: $312.61). We discuss important points to consider to ensure good quality control and appropriate pay for microworkers. With good reliability and low cost, crowdsourcing has potential to evaluate published literature in a cost-effective, quick, and reliable manner using existing, easily accessible resources.

Result of the general comparison of the instrument’s domains with the sociodemographic variables using the Mann Whitney test.

Abstract This study introduces the issue of the emergence of retail businesses and services to the discussion about the housing offered to low-income populations (zero to three minimum wages). The main aim of this research project is to understand the socio-spatial role of the tertiary sector in the projects of the Minha Casa, Minha Vida program (MCMV), using a case study carried out at the Residential Vista Bela project, which has 2712 units, in Londrina - PR. The data collection tools were on-site monitoring, from October 2012 to July 2014, and the application of two (2) questionnaires. The first questionnaire was distributed to 51 traders and the second questionnaire, to 188 local residents. The results showed a 300% increase in the number of units that added space for commerce in the three years of existence of the housing project. These results provided an understanding both of the formation of offer and demand in the Residential Vista Bela market of goods, and of the income generation strategy. This study contributes to potential reassessments of housing policy and encourages discussion about the tertiary sector in MCMV projects, based on an understanding of the trade and service areas as one of the components of a city's structure and organization, as a need of the residents that is beyond simple "shelter".

ABSTRACT: Considering economic, contingent and cultural conditions that interfere with consumer demand, the objective of this research was to evaluate the degree of importance of these variables in the decision of the Brazilian consumer to buy fluid milk. A total 1,015 milk consumers were sampled through non-probabilistic tools such as researchers’ contact network, snowballing, and self-generated samples, in a virtual questionnaire. Non-parametric tests and univariate statistical analyzes were applied, including the chi-square test. The consumer profile interferes with the selection criteria in the purchase of fluid milk as follows: (a) women consider “price”, “product origin”, “friend recommendation”, “product appearance”, “sales offers”, and “brand” as the most important conditioners; (b) young people, aged between 18 and 25, consider “product origin” a less important attribute; (c) consumers over 45 years of age value “price” the less; (d) consumers with incomes of up to one minimum wage value “sales offers” the most. This research theoretically confirmed the hypothesis that prior information regarding milk production, especially brands, lead the decision to buy fluid milk, especially in women case. Product price and availability are complementary constraints.

Abstract

This dataset is the baseline for an impact evaluation of public works program for urban youths in Côte d'Ivoire. The program provided seven months of employment at the formal minimum wage. Randomized subsets also received entrepreneurship or job search skills training. The baseline survey captured socio-economic characteristics, employment, earnings, risk and time preferences, behavioral and other skills for youths interested to participate in the program.

Geographic coverage

The study covers 16 urban localities throughout Côte d'Ivoire, including four municipalities in Abidjan (Abobo, Yopougon, Koumassi, Marcory) and 12 other cities (Yamoussoukro, Bouaké, San Pedro, Daloa, Korhogo, Abengourou, Man, Bondoukou, Gagnoa, Séguéla, Daoukro, Dimbokro).

Analysis unit

Household, individual

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

A communication campaign encouraged eligible youth to register for the program. This registration phase, open for two to three weeks per locality, created an applicant pool. For the second program wave, 10,966 youth were eligible and enrolled.

Applicants exceeded the 3,125 available program slots. A public lottery system was implemented in each locality. Beneficiaries were randomly selected from registered applicants present at the lottery. This randomization was conducted separately for male and female applicants. This ensured equitable access and alignment with an established gender participation quota. Lotteries occurred between late June and early July 2013. Selected individuals were assigned to work teams, called "brigades," each with 25 individuals. A waiting list was compiled from non-selected applicants to manage drop-outs and safeguard the control group.

The baseline survey sample was formed after the lotteries and before public works began. This sample included all 3,125 selected individuals (the treatment group). A control group of 1,035 individuals was randomly drawn from applicants who participated in lotteries but were not selected and were not on the waiting list.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The data collected at baseline included information about socio-economic background, employment and earnings. It also captured a range of other characteristics such as risk and time preferences, behavioral and other skills.

Response rate

Attrition at baseline was very low (1.5%)

Background: Vulnerable populations experience exacerbated mental health issues due to their social circumstances, further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate self-perceived mental health and social inequality among individuals residing in Brazilian slum and urban communities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study. A validated instrument was used, administered by equally trained field interviewers. Descriptive analyses and binary logistic regression were conducted to identify clinical and sociodemographic variables associated with self-perceived mental health. Results: A total of 1,319 individuals residing in Brazilian slum and urban communities participated in the study. Through binary logistic regression, it was observed that individuals with informal employment, earning less than a minimum wage, reported poorer mental health status. They were also more likely to feel sadder, more discouraged, and more overwhelmed. Additionally, there was an increase in cigarette consumption and antidepressant use. In conclusion, the results revealed an association between informal employment, low income, and adverse mental health outcomes. Conclusions: Addressing mental health disparities in this demographic group is crucial for implementing and planning specific interventions for this population, such as improving job security and providing mental health support services

The German Internet Panel (GIP) is an infrastructure project. The GIP serves to collect data about individual attitudes and preferences which are relevant for political and economic decision-making processes.

The questionnaire contains numerous experimental variations in the survey instruments. For more information, see the study documentation.

Topics: Responsibility of the state for adequate health care for the sick; more or less expenditure of the state and the statutory health insurance fund for the health system; self-assessment of the state of health; type of health insurance; (professional) activity; start of unemployment (year); ever unemployed for more than 3 months; unemployed at least once for more than 3 months in the last 5 years; probability of own unemployment in the next 12 months; estimated proportion of unemployed in Germany; responsibility of the state for an adequate standard of living in old age; more or less expenditure of the state and the statutory pension insurance for pensions; preferred statutory retirement age in Germany; actual or expected age at retirement; preferred age for personal retirement; receipt of pension payments in 2017 from various sources; last year´s contributions to selected types of old-age provision; financing of pensions mainly by the state, the statutory pension scheme, employers and employees or by each individual; responsibility of the state for an adequate standard of living for the unemployed; more or less government expenditure for supporting the unemployed; advocacy of the nationwide statutory minimum wage vs. no statutory minimum wage; responsibility of the state for adequate care for elderly people in need of care; preference for long-term care (at home vs. retirement home); priority family policy (cash benefits and tax breaks, expansion of childcare or neither); responsibility of the state to ensure equal professional opportunities for men and women; support of the statutory quota for women on the supervisory boards of large listed companies; refugees: approval of a generous examination of asylum applications by the state; approval of the right to family reunion for refugees with granted asylum applications; happiness or effort decisive for financial success in Germany; responsiveness of the European Union to the wishes of citizens vs. responsibility and effectiveness; populism: politics as a struggle between righteous people and a corrupt elite; political and social goals best achieved through direct action rather than through politicians; better governance through independent expert decisions; importance of compromise in a democracy; better to abolish the EU completely if these decisions were taken without the consent of most people; satisfaction with the achievements of the EU; confidence in the decision-making competence of the EU; perception of the connection between the incomes of parents and adult children (social mobility); approval of more redistribution of income (by reducing income differences through taxes and transfer payments); more or less expenditure of the Federal Government for the education system; year of birth of the child (categorised); respondent / child: student status; subject of study; receipt of BAföG or BAföG application.

Experiment: distribution of real sums of money to randomly selected participants in the survey in different decision-making situations (income group of the other player).

Demography (variables passed on): sex; year of birth (categorised); highest school leaving certificate; highest professional qualification; marital status; number of household members (household size); employment status; federal state; year of recruitment; German citizenship; private Internet use.

Additionally coded was: unique ID code; household code and person code within the household; interview date; current online status; questionnaire evaluation (interesting, varied, relevant, long, difficult, too personal); overall assessment of the survey; activation of JavaScript; allocation to main groups; allocation to experimental groups.

The German Internet Panel (GIP) is an infrastructure project. The GIP serves to collect data about individual attitudes and preferences which are relevant for political and economic decision-making processes.

Experimental variations in the instruments were used. The questionnaire contains numerous randomizations (order of questions or answer categories) as well as a cross-questionnaire experiment.

Topics: Party preference (Sunday question); perception of CDU/CSU as closed or divided (scalometer); greatest problem-solving competence of the parties CDU/CSU, SPD, FDP, Bündnis90/Die Grünen and Die Linke in selected policy areas (labour market, foreign policy, education and research, citizen participation, energy supply, European integration, family, health system, equality, internal security, personal rights, pension system, national debt, tax system, environmental and climate protection, transport, defence, currency, economy, immigration and integration); political knowledge: assignment of the parties CDU/CSU, SPD, FDP, Bündnis90/Die Grünen and Die Linke to the federal government or the opposition; assessment of the importance of the above-mentioned policy fields for the federal government; left-right rating of the current government coalition of CDU/CSU and SPD as well as possible government coalitions of CDU/CSU and Bündnis 90/Die Grünen or from SPD, Die Linke and Bündnis 90/Die Grünen (Skalometer); opinion on the assertiveness of the SPD in the coalition negotiations after the Bundestag elections (not at all, according to its share of seats, very strong, scalometer); opinion on the responsibility of the state for health care (scalometer); demand for a reform of the health care system; demand for more or less expenditure by the state and the statutory health insurance for the health system; most and least preferred measure for financing the health care system; willingness to participate in the family doctor model; opinion on the electronic health card; preference for individual practices or medical care centres; self-assessment of the state of health; responsibility of the state for an appropriate standard of living in old age; demand for reform of the pension system; preferred level of government expenditure on pensions compared to current expenditure; in the wake of demographic change, the least and most preferred proposal for financing statutory pensions (statutory pension should retain its current level, even if this means higher contribution rates, statutory pension and contribution rates should be maintained at their current level, instead raising the retirement age, government should increase general taxes to maintain the statutory pension at its current level, reduction of statutory pension benefits in line with demographic developments); certainty regarding the financing preference made; attitude towards the distribution of pensions; minimum pension: preference for solidarity pension or life expectancy pension; opinion on raising the retirement age to 67; labour market policy: state responsibility for an adequate standard of living for the unemployed; demand for reform of social security for the unemployed; preferred level of state expenditure on unemployment benefits; preferred proposal on the level of earned income and unemployment benefits for the first year; attitude towards unemployment benefit II; assessment of the Hartz IV reform (basic insurance for job seekers); advocacy or rejection of a statutory minimum wage; certainty of this decision; convictions with regard to social justice (equal shares for all as the fairest form of income distribution, fair to retain one´s own earnings, even if some are richer than others, people should get what they need to live on, even if the better earners have to pay from their income to do so); demand for measures by the state to reduce income differences; intention to vote and party preference in the European elections.

Demography: sex; citizenship; year of birth (categorised); highest school leaving certificate; highest professional qualification; marital status; household size; employment status; private internet use; federal state.

Additionally coded was: interview date; questionnaire evaluation; assessment of the survey as a whole; unique ID, household ID and person ID within the household.

Abstract

South Africa's first Living Conditions Survey (LCS) was conducted by Statistics South Africa over a period of one year between 13 October 2014 and 25 October 2015. The main aim of this survey is to provide data that will contribute to a better understanding of living conditions and poverty in South Africa for monitoring levels of poverty over time. Data was collected from 27 527 households across the country. The survey used a combination of the diary and recall methods. Households were asked to record their daily acquisitions in diaries provided by Statistics SA for a period of a month. The survey also employed a household questionnaire to collect data on household expenditure, subjective poverty, and income.

Geographic coverage

The survey had national coverage.

Analysis unit

Households and individuals

Universe

The sample for the survey included all domestic households, holiday homes and all households in workers' residences, such as mining hostels and dormitories for workers, but excludes institutions such as hospitals, prisons, old-age homes, student hostels, and dormitories for scholars, boarding houses, hotels, lodges and guesthouses.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The Living Conditions Survey 2014-2015 sample was based on the LCS 2008-2009 master sample of 3 080 PSUs. However, there were 40 PSUs with no DU sample, thus the sample of 30 818 DUs was selected from only 3 040 PSUs. Amongst the PSUs with no DU sample, 25 PSUs were non-respondent because 19 PSUs were not captured on the dwelling frame, and 6 PSUs had an insufficient DU count. The remaining 15 PSUs were vacant and therefore out-of-scope. Among the PSUs with a DU sample, 2 974 PSUs were respondent, 50 PSUs were non-respondent and 16 PSUs were out-of-scope. The scope of the Master Sample (MS) is national coverage of all households in South Africa. It was designed to cover all households living in private dwelling units and workers living in workers' quarters in the country.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The Living Conditions Survey 2014-2015 used three data collection instruments, namely a household questionnaire, a weekly diary, and the summary questionnaire. The household questionnaire was a booklet of questions administered to respondents during the course of the survey month. The weekly diary was a booklet that was left with the responding household to track all acquisitions made by the household during the survey month. The household (after being trained by the Interviewer) was responsible for recording all their daily acquisitions, as well as information about where they purchased the item and the purpose of the item. A household completed a different diary for each of the four weeks of the survey month. Interviewers then assigned codes for the classification of individual consumption according to purpose (COICOP) to items recorded in the weekly diary, using a code list provided to them.

Data appraisal

Anthropometric data collected during the survey are not included in the dataset.

The study of Jürgen Nautz deals with selected aspects of tariff autonomy and wage development during the years of inflation in the Weimar Republic. First the development of wages will be presented in the context of cost of living. To investigate the question of tariff autonomy in the inflation period it is of special interest to analyze the usage of arbitration instruments by unions, management and the state. Another central subject of this study is the fundamental position concerning the question of the design of important relations. Two themes are in the focus of interest; the ideas of the further refinement of the collective bargaining principle and the arbitration of labor disputes.Especially concerning tariff autonomy legal positions were developed during the inflation years which had an important impact on the discussion about tariff autonomy during the entire period the Weimar Republic. Data tables in HISTAT:A.1 Development of cost of living: Index of the statistical office of the German Empire (1920-1923)A.2 Index of average real weekly wages per collective agreement Index (1913-1923)A.3 Real weekly and real hourly wages of unskilled and skilled workers (1919-1923)A.4 Strikes and lockouts (1918-1924) A.5 Number of collective agreements (1918-1929)

Persons between 16 and 75 years of age who lived in private households at the time of recruitment.

The German Internet Panel (GIP) is an infrastructure project. The GIP serves to collect data about individual attitudes and preferences which are relevant for political and economic decision-making processes.

The questionnaire contains numerous experimental variations in the survey instruments. For more information, see the study documentation.

Topics: Social justice: success depends on hard work vs. luck; fairness in retaining earnings, even though some are richer than others; demand for greater redistribution of income by the state; market economy in Germany is social; demand for state measures to reduce income disparities; inheritance tax in Germany too low vs. too high; inheritance tax should be increased; development of global income inequality is to be viewed positively; rising incomes in emerging markets at the expense of the lower middle class in industrialized countries; personal benefit from globalization; opinion on the dependence of wages on effort respectively on productivity; most important argument for the introduction of a minimum wage; party preference (sunday question); assessment of the statements of the parties CDU/CSU, SPD, FDP, Bündnis 90/Die Grünen, Die Linke and AfD on the implementation of reforms as vague or accurate; left-right classification of the aforementioned parties; left-right self-classification; ideological position of the current Federal Constitutional Court or respectively of the Federal Government; consent to statements relating to the Federal Constitutional Court: demand for the dismissal of federal constitutional judges who are constantly deciding against the will of the majority of the population; federal constitutional judges, like politicians, are not relying on decisions in the best interests of the state; completely abolishing the Federal Constitutional Court in decisions without the consent of the majority of the population; excessive interference by the Federal Constitutional Court in politics; demand that the power of the Federal Constitutional Court be restricted to certain decisions; manipulation test of the ideological position of the current Federal Constitutional Court respectively of the Federal Government; knowledge test: knowledge of the parties represented in the Federal Government; assessment of the result of the coalition on a left-right scale due to the ideological placement of four hypothetical parties; evaluation of a fictitious trade agreement respectiveley an environmental agreement between the European Union and Australia (conditions: public access to information on each stage of the negotiations, no public access to information on the negotiations, only provision of the results after the negotiations have been concluded on the Internet); intention to vote AfD in the forthcoming Bundestag elections (Randomized-Response-Technique. List experiment); expected election result (percent of the second vote) of the AfD in the upcoming Bundestag election (open); preferred role of a party leader in the party; role of Martin Schulz as party leader of the SPD; evaluation of Martin Schulz´s competence as party leader of the SPD; percent threshold in local elections in the state of residence; participation in the last local elections; change of personal voting behaviour without a percent threshold in local elections (would have been more likely to vote for another party).

Demography (imported variables): sex; year of birth (categorised); highest educational degree; highest professional qualification; marital status; number of household members (household size); employment status; federal state; year of recruitment; german citizenship; private internet usage.

Additionally coded was: unique ID, GIP; household ID, GIP; person ID within the household; interview date; current online status; allocation to the experimental groups; questionnaire evaluation (interesting, varied, relevant, long, difficult, too personal); assessment of the survey in total.

In addition, the data set contains various time tracking variables (length of stay on different question pages and time stamp for the start and end of visiting different question pages).

Abstract: Introduction: medical residency is known as the “gold standard” for the qualification of specialists. Research into the profile of medical residency program graduates is important to identify potentialities and fragilities of the specialization. Objective: The objective of this study was to understand the profile and professional satisfaction of the graduates from the residency programs of basic medical areas of a teaching hospital in the northeast of Brazil. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted through an online questionnaire that was sent to the participants via electronic mail. The study population consisted of residency program graduates of the basic medical areas who graduated between 2013 and 2017. The Informed Consent Form was sent together with the form. Descriptive analyses were performed and data were presented as relative and absolute frequencies. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the IMIP. Results: of the 194 graduates, 79 (40.72%) answered the questionnaire. 73.4% were female and 60.8% were married. Approximately 55.7% of the graduates earned salaries corresponding to 11 and 22 minimum monthly wages. 54 graduates (68.4%) had attended a private medical school. Regarding stricto sensu postgraduate studies, 19 (21.7%) had a master´s degree. 93.7% are practicing their medical specialization and 54 (68.4%) still live in Pernambuco. Regarding public service, 64.6% are linked to the Unified Health System of Pernambuco state. 43% of the graduates worked between 40 and 60 h per week. About 75% of the graduates stated that they would attend the program again at the hospital and declared that completing the residency at the institution facilitated their professional life. Conclusion: the periodic monitoring of graduates from a residency program is a useful tool for evaluating the program and allows for surveillance of implemented interventions

Abstract

A. Objectives

To generate statistics for wage and salary administration and for wage determination in collective bargaining negotiations.

B. Uses of Data

Inputs to wage, income, productivity and price policies, wage fixing and collective bargaining; occupational wage rates can be used to measure wage differentials, wage inequality in typical low wage and high wage occupations and for international comparability; industry data on basic pay and allowance can be used to measure wage differentials across industries, for investment decisions and as reference in periodic adjustments of minimum wages.

C. Main Topics Covered

Occupational wage rates Median basic pay and median allowances of time-rate workers on full-time basis

Geographic coverage

National coverage, 17 administrative regions

Analysis unit

Establishment

Universe

The survey covered non-agricultural establishments employing 20 or more workers except national postal activities, central banking, public administration and defense and compulsory social security, public education services, public medical, dental and other health services, activities of membership organizations, extra territorial organizations and bodies.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Statistical unit: The statistical unit is the establishment. Each unit is classified to an industry that reflects its main economic activity---the activity that contributes the biggest or major portion of the gross income or revenues of the establishment.

Survey universe/Sampling frame: The 2008 BLES Survey Sampling Frame (SSF 2008) is an integrated list of establishments culled from the 2006 List of Establishments of the National Statistics Office; and updated 2006 BLES Sampling Frame based on the status of establishments reported in the 2006 BLES Integrated Survey (BITS) and 2006 Occupational Wages Survey. Lists of Establishments from the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) and Philippine Chamber of Commerce and Industries (PCCI) were also considered in preparing the 2008 frame.

Sampling design: The OWS is a sample survey of non-agricultural establishments employing 20 persons or more where the survey domain is the industry. Those establishments employing at least 200 persons are covered with certainty and the rest are sampled (stratified random sampling). The design does not consider the region as a domain to allow for more industry coverage.

Sample size: For 2008 OWS, number of establishments covered was 6,460 of which, 5,176 were eligible units.

Note: Refer to Field Operations Manual Chapter 2 Section 2.5.

Sampling deviation

Not all of the fielded questionnaires are accomplished. During data collection, there are reports of permanent closures, non-location, duplicate listing and shifts in industry and employment outside the survey coverage. Establishments that fall in these categories are not eligible elements (three consecutive survey rounds for "can not be located" establishments) of the frame and their count is not considered in the estimation. Non-respondents are made up of refusals, strikes or temporary closures, can not be located (less than three consecutive survey rounds) and those establishments whose questionnaires contain inconsistent item responses and have not replied to the verification queries by the time output table generation commences.

Respondents are post-stratified as to geographic, industry and employment size classifications. Non-respondents are retained in their classifications. Sample values of basic pay and allowances for the monitored occupations whose basis of payment is an hour or a day are converted into a standard monthly equivalent, assuming 313 working days and 8 hours per day. Daily rate x 26.08333; Hourly rate x 208.66667.

Mode of data collection

Other [oth] mixed method: self-accomplished, mailed, face-to-face

Research instrument

The questionnaire contains the following sections:

Cover Page (Page 1) This contains the address box, contact particulars for assistance, spaces for changes in the name and location of sample establishment and head office information in case the questionnaire is endorsed to it and status codes of the establishment to be accomplished by BLES and its field personnel.

Survey Information (Page 2) This contains the survey objective and uses of the data, scope of the survey, confidentiality clause, collection authority, authorized field personnel, coverage, periodicity and reference period, due date for accomplishment and expected date when the results of the 2006 OWS would be available.

Part A: General Information (Page 3) This portion inquires on main economic activity, major products/goods or services and total employment.

Part B: Employment and Wage Rates of Time-Rate Workers on Full-Time Basis (Pages 4-5) This section requires data on the number of time-rate workers on full-time basis by time unit and by basic pay and allowance intervals.

Part C: Employment and Wage Rates of Time-Rate Workers on Full-Time Basis in Selected Occupations (Pages 6-9) This part inquires on the basic pay and allowance per time unit and corresponding number of workers in the two benchmark occupations and in the pre-determined occupations listed in the occupational sheet to be provided to the establishment where applicable.

Part D: Certification (Page 10) This portion is provided for the respondent's name/signature, position, telephone no., fax no. and e-mail address and time spent in answering the questionnaire.

Appropriate spaces are also provided to elicit comments on data provided for the 2008 OWS; results of the 2006 OWS; and presentation/packaging, particularly on the definition of terms, layout, font and color.

Part E: Survey Personnel (Page 10) This portion is for the particulars of the enumerators and area/regional supervisors and reviewers at the BLES and DOLE Regional Offices involved in the data collection and review of questionnaire entries.

Part F: Industries With Selected Occupations (Page 11) The list of industries for occupational wage monitoring has been provided to guide the enumerators in determining the correct occupational sheet that should be furnished to the respondent.

Results of the 2006 OWS (Page 12) The results of the 2006 OWS are found on page 12 of the questionnaire. These results can serve as a guide to the survey personnel in editing/review of the entries in the questionnaire.

Note: Refer to questionnaire and List of Monitored Occupations.

Cleaning operations

Data were manually and electronically processed. Upon collection of accomplished questionnaires, enumerators performed field editing before leaving the establishments to ensure completeness, consistency and reasonableness of entries in accordance with the Field Operations Manual. The forms were again checked for data consistency and completeness by their field supervisors.

The BLES personnel undertook the final review, coding of information on classifications used, data entry and validation and scrutiny of aggregated results for coherence. Questionnaires with incomplete or inconsistent entries were returned to the establishments for verification, personally or through mail.

Note: Refer to Field Operations Manual Chapter 1 Section 1.10.

Response rate

The response rate in terms of eligible units was 78.4%.

Sampling error estimates

Estimates of the sampling errors will be computed and posted in BLES website.

Data appraisal

The survey results are checked for consistency with the results of previous OWS data and the minimum wage rates corresponding to the reference period of the survey.

Average wage rates of unskilled workers by region is compared for proximity with the corresponding minimum wage rates during the survey reference period.