The dataset contains year and state wise Maternal Mortality Ratio

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines maternal death as the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy, from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management but not from accidental or incidental causes.

Note: Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) is derived as the proportion of maternal deaths per 1,00,000 live births reported under the SRS.

This dataset presents the maternal mortality ratio (MMR), defined as the number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target 3.1 is to reduce maternal mortality to less than 70 maternal deaths per 100 000 live births by 2030. Maternal death refers to the death of a woman during pregnancy or within 42 days of the end of pregnancy, from causes related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management. MMR is a critical indicator of health system quality, equity, and access to timely, skilled care. It also reflects broader social and structural determinants of health.Data Source: United Nations Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-Agency Group (MMEIG): https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240108462 This is one of many datasets featured on the Midwives’ Data Hub, a digital platform designed to strengthen midwifery and advocate for better maternal and newborn health services.

Context

The Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) is a crucial indicator within the Gender Inequality Index (GII), an encompassing measure designed to assess gender disparities and inequities within a society. The GII, an extension of the Human Development Index (HDI), focuses on three primary dimensions: reproductive health, empowerment, and economic activity. Reproductive health, one of the key dimensions, sheds light on the challenges faced by individuals based on their gender. Within this context, the Maternal Mortality Ratio specifically gauges the number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births, providing insight into the disparities in health outcomes experienced by women. This indicator reflects the state of maternal health and underscores the importance of addressing reproductive rights to mitigate gender inequalities.

Content

This dataset encompasses extensive historical information regarding gender development indicators on a global scale. Key columns include ISO3 (the ISO3 code assigned to each country/territory), Country (the name of the country or territory), Continent (the continent of the country's location), Hemisphere (the hemisphere in which the country is positioned), Human Development Groups, UNDP Developing Regions, HDI Rank (2021) representing the Human Development Index Rank for the year 2021, and Maternal Mortality Ratio (deaths per 100,000 live births) spanning from 1990 to 2021.

Dataset Glossary (Column-wise)

• ISO3 - ISO3 for the Country/Territory
• Country - Name of the Country/Territory
• Continent - Name of the Continent
• Hemisphere - Name of the Hemisphere
• Human Development Groups - Human Development Groups
• UNDP Developing Regions - UNDP Developing Regions
• HDI Rank (2021) - Human Development Index Rank for 2021
• Maternal Mortality Ratio (deaths per 100,000 live births) from 1990 to 2021 - Maternal Mortality Ratio from 1990 to 2021

Data Dictionary

• UNDP Developing Regions:
  • SSA - Sub-Saharan Africa
  • LAC - Latin America and the Caribbean
  • EAP - East Asia and the Pacific
  • AS - Arab States
  • ECA - Europe and Central Asia
  • SA - South Asia

Structure of the Dataset

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Acknowledgement

This Dataset is created from Human Development Reports. This Dataset falls under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO License. You can check the Terms of Use of this Data. If you want to learn more, visit the Website.

Cover Photo by: Image by gstudioimagen1 on Freepik

Thumbnail by: Baby icons created by Victoruler - Flaticon

Month-wise Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) per 100,000 live births in District Bannu Year 2020

Maternal deaths and Maternal Mortality Ratios (MMR) by health facilities.

This dataset presents the total number of maternal deaths reported per country in a given reference year. Maternal death is defined as the death of a woman during pregnancy or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, from causes related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management. This absolute number provides important context alongside the maternal mortality ratio (MMR), supporting understanding of overall burden and trends over time. Data are sourced from the WHO Global Health Observatory, which provides globally standardised maternal health statistics.Data Source:WHO Global Health Observatory: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/number-of-maternal-deathsThis is one of many datasets featured on the Midwives’ Data Hub, a digital platform designed to strengthen midwifery and advocate for better maternal and newborn health services.

Population estimate, crude birth rate (CBR), live birth, maternal related deaths and hospital-based maternal mortality ratio (MMR) per year.

This dataset provides global and country estimates of where maternal mortality ratio (MMR - the number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births), the number of maternal deaths, and the annualized rate of decline in MMR were estimated from 1990 to 2011.

In 2023, the maternal mortality ratio per 100,000 live births in India stood at **. Between 1985 and 2023, the figure dropped by ***, though the decline followed an uneven course rather than a steady trajectory.

In 2023, the maternal mortality ratio in Malaysia was at 25.7 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births, a slight decrease compared to the previous year. The maternal mortality ratio refers to the annual number of female deaths caused by or related to pregnancy per one hundred thousand live births.

ObjectiveTo assess the reliability of maternal deaths surveillance system (MDSS) and to determine the factors that influence its completeness in one region of Morocco.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective survey in “Gharb Chrarda Bni Hssen” region (GCBH) between January the 1st, 2013 and September the 30th, 2014 using multiple sources approach. All deaths of women of reproductive age (WRA) were investigated using certificates with medical cause, medical records and interviews with household members and relatives to ascertain a pregnancy-related or maternal death. An External Expert Committee reviewed the information collected to assign a cause for each death. Our results were compared to those reported in the same period by the MDSS.FindingsOur study identified 690 deaths of WRA and 69 maternal deaths of which 34.8% occurred outside health facilities. The MDSS recorded during the study period 538 deaths of WRA and 29 maternal deaths (including only one outside health facility) representing respectively an underreporting of 22.0% and 58.0%. Late maternal deaths represented 11.4% of all deaths of women with a registered pregnancy within 12 months prior to the death, while the MDSS identified none. The maternal mortality ratio (MMR) was estimated at 103, approximately 2.5 times higher than that reported in the MDSS.ConclusionOur study has shown weaknesses in the current notification system for maternal deaths in the region of GCBH. Therefore, more attention must be given to the regional committees in charge of auditing the cases and defining actions to be implemented to prevent further maternal deaths.

Maternal mortality ratio of Chile sank by 16.67% from 12.0 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2022 to 10.0 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2023. Since the 16.67% jump in 2021, maternal mortality ratio plummeted by 28.57% in 2023. Maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die during pregnancy and childbirth, per 100,000 live births. The data are estimated with a regression model using information on fertility, birth attendants, and HIV prevalence.

In 2022, the maternal mortality rate in Russia amounted to ** deaths per 100 thousand live births, thus marking a considerable decrease from the previous year when it was measured at **** deaths per 100 thousand live births. In 2021, the figure almost reached the level of 2000, when **** mothers died per 100 thousand live births.

On very rare occasions a mother will die during pregnancy or childbirth in Belgium. We estimate about 12 women per year, based on current data of STATBEL and the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) of our neighboring countries. At this point (december 2020) we know very little about these mothers. The information of their death is limited to the data on the death certificates, and in Flanders from what was communicated as the cause of death to the SPE (Vlaamse Studiecentrum voor Perinatale Epidemiologie).

This unlike our neighboring countries (the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, France, Italy) who have an enhanced maternal mortality registration and analysis system since years. The most known being the MBRRACE-UK, Mothers and Babies: Reducing Risk through Audits and Confidential Enquiries across the UK.

Thanks to these systems we know that an important number of the deceased mothers had an underlying disease, for example a heart disease, which aggravated during pregnancy. And importantly, the in-depth analyses of maternal deaths in our neighboring countries revealed 'substandard care' in more than half of cases, which (may have) contributed to the death of these mothers.

Therefore, the Federal Public Service of Public Health strongly supports the Belgian Analysis system for Maternal Mortality that registers and analyses the cases of maternal death in Belgium, in a structured manner by a national multidisciplinary expert team.

English

Context

Maternal mortality reflects the level of development in a society and involves various social and familial factors. In 2000, the UN established the goal of Improving Maternal Health within the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), aiming to reduce maternal mortality rate (MMR) by 75% between 1990 and 2015. However, this goal was not achieved.

Currently, the Good Health and Well-Being goal within the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) seeks to reduce MMR to less than 70 per 100,000 live births by 2030. This issue disproportionately affects developing countries, with Latin America and the Caribbean experiencing stagnation at 67.2 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births.

To contribute to the analysis and solution of this problem through data science and artificial intelligence, we developed this synthetic dataset of pregnant patients as part of the project "Computational Phenotypes of Maternal Morbidity Using AI".

Development

This dataset was built using open data sources and patient simulation tools. The following resources were used:

• DANE - 2018 Population Census
• DIVIPOLA - Municipality Codes
• List of Healthcare Providers in Colombia

A new pregnancy module was developed for Synthea, based on evidence and domain knowledge from the research team. The generated data was transformed into the OMOP CDM data model using the ETL-Synthea tool.

Scope and Considerations

• Cost-related tables were removed due to differences in Synthea modeling compared to the local context.
• For the medical vocabulary, OMOP tables need to be created (See Instructions), and required vocabularies must be downloaded, some of which may require a license.

Acknowledgments

This dataset was developed with funding from the Latin American Center for Artificial Intelligence (CLIAS), as part of the project "Computational Phenotypes of Maternal Morbidity Using Artificial Intelligence" (ID 82).

Spanish

Contexto

La muerte materna refleja el nivel de desarrollo de una sociedad e implica diversos factores sociales y familiares. En el año 2000, la ONU estableció el objetivo de Mejorar la salud materna dentro de los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio, buscando reducir en un 75% la tasa de mortalidad materna (MMR) entre 1990 y 2015. Sin embargo, la meta no se alcanzó.

Actualmente, el objetivo Salud y Bienestar dentro de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) busca reducir la MMR a menos de 70 para 2030. Este problema afecta especialmente a países en desarrollo, y en América Latina y el Caribe, la MMR se ha estancado en 67,2 muertes por cada 100.000 nacidos vivos.

Para contribuir al análisis y solución de este problema desde la ciencia de datos e inteligencia artificial, desarrollamos este conjunto de datos sintéticos de pacientes gestantes como parte del proyecto "Fenotipos Computacionales de Morbilidad Materna mediante IA".

Desarrollo

Este dataset se construyó utilizando fuentes de datos abiertos y herramientas de simulación de pacientes. Se utilizaron los siguientes recursos:

• DANE - Censo de población 2018
• DIVIPOLA - Códigos de municipios
• Listado de IPS en Colombia

Se desarrolló un nuevo módulo de embarazo en Synthea, basado en evidencia y conocimientos del equipo de investigación. Los datos generados fueron transformados al modelo de datos OMOP CDM utilizando la herramienta ETL-Synthea.

Alcance y Consideraciones

• Las tablas relacionadas con los costos fueron eliminadas debido a las diferencias en la modelación de Synthea frente al contexto local.
• Para el vocabulario médico, se requiere la creación de las tablas en OMOP (Ver **[Instr...

Objective: To test whether there is an association between abortion legislation and maternal mortality outcomes after controlling for other factors thought to influence maternal health. Design: Population-based natural experiment. Setting and data sources: Official maternal mortality data from 32 federal states of Mexico between 2002 and 2011. Main outcomes: Maternal mortality ratio (MMR), MMR with any abortive outcome (MMRAO) and induced abortion mortality ratio (iAMR). Independent variables: Abortion legislation grouped as less (n=18) or more permissive (n=14); constitutional amendment protecting the unborn (n=17); skilled attendance at birth; all-abortion hospitalisation ratio; low birth weight rate; contraceptive use; total fertility rates (TFR); clean water; sanitation; female literacy rate and intimate-partner violence. Main results: Over the 10-year period, states with less permissive abortion legislation exhibited lower MMR (38.3 vs 49.6; p<0.001), MMRAO (2.7 vs 3.7; p<0.001) and iAMR (0.9 vs 1.7; p<0.001) than more permissive states. Multivariate regression models estimating effect sizes (β-coefficients) for mortality outcomes showed independent associations (p values between 0.001 and 0.055) with female literacy (β=−0.061 to −1.100), skilled attendance at birth (β=−0.032 to −0.427), low birth weight (β=0.149 to 2.166), all-abortion hospitalisation ratio (β=−0.566 to −0.962), clean water (β=−0.048 to −0.730), sanitation (β=−0.052 to −0.758) and intimate-partner violence (β=0.085 to 0.755). TFR showed an inverse association with MMR (β=−14.329) and MMRAO (β=−1.750) and a direct association with iAMR (β=1.383). Altogether, these factors accounted for (R2) 51–88% of the variance among states in overall mortality rates. No statistically independent effect was observed for abortion legislation, constitutional amendment or other covariates. Conclusions: Although less permissive states exhibited consistently lower maternal mortality rates, this finding was not explained by abortion legislation itself. Rather, these differences were explained by other independent factors, which appeared to have a more favourable distribution in these states.

In anticipation of the launch of the Sustainable Development Goals, the World Health Organization (WHO) and partners released a consensus statement and full strategy paper on ending preventable maternal mortality (EPMM). The EPMM target for reducing the global maternal mortality ratio (MMR) by 2030 was adopted as Sustainable Development Goal target 3.1: to reduce global MMR to less than 70 per 100 000 live births by 2030. To enable monitoring of the achievement of the goals, this report presents internationally comparable global, regional and country-level estimates and trends for maternal mortality between 2000 and 2017.

The rate of decline in the global burden of avoidable maternal deaths has stagnated and remains an issue of concern in many sub-Saharan Africa countries. As per the most recent evidence, an average maternal mortality ratio (MMR) of 223 deaths per 100,000 live births has been estimated globally, with sub-Saharan Africa’s average MMR at 536 per 100,000 live births—more than twice the global average. Despite the high MMR, there is variation in MMR between and within sub-Saharan Africa countries. Differences in the behaviour of those accessing and/or delivering maternal healthcare may explain variations in outcomes and provide a basis for quality improvement in health systems. There is a gap in describing the landscape of interventions aimed at modifying the behaviours of those accessing and delivering maternal healthcare for improving maternal health outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa. Our objective was to extract and synthesise the target behaviours, component behaviour change strategies and outcomes of behaviour change interventions for improving maternal health outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Our protocol was published a priori on PROSPERO (registration number CRD42022315130). We searched ten electronic databases (PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, International Bibliography of Social Sciences, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL PLUS, African Index Medicus, African Journals Online, and Web of Science) and included randomised trials and quasi-experimental studies. We extracted target behaviours and specified the behavioural interventions using the Action, Actor, Context, Time, and Target (AACTT) framework. We categorised the behaviour change strategies using the intervention functions described in the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW). We reviewed 52 articles (26 randomized trials and 26 quasi-experimental studies). They had a mixed risk of bias. Out of these, 41 studies (78.8%) targeted behaviour change of those accessing maternal healthcare services, while seven studies (13.5%) focused on those delivering maternal healthcare. Four studies (7.7%) targeted mixed stakeholder groups. The studies employed a range of behaviour change strategies, including education 37 (33.3%), persuasion 20 (18%), training 19 (17.1%), enablement 16 (14.4%), environmental restructuring 8 (7.2%), modelling 6 (5.4%) and incentivisation 5 (4.5%). No studies used restriction or coercion strategies. Education was the most common strategy for changing the behaviour of those accessing maternal healthcare, while training was the most common strategy in studies targeting the behaviour of those delivering maternal healthcare. Of the 52 studies, 40 reported effective interventions, 7 were ineffective, and 5 were equivocal. A meta-analysis was not feasible due to methodological and clinical heterogeneity across the studies. In conclusion, there is evidence of effective behaviour change interventions targeted at those accessing and/or delivering maternal healthcare in sub-Saharan Africa. However, more focus should be placed on behaviour change by those delivering maternal healthcare within the health facilities to fast-track the reduction of the huge burden of avoidable maternal deaths in sub-Saharan Africa.

The major objectives of the 2016 Bangladesh Maternal Mortality and Health Care Survey (BMMS) were to provide a nationally representative estimate of the maternal mortality ratio (MMR) for three years preceding the survey (approximately 2014–2016), to identify the causes of maternal deaths, and to assess maternal health seeking behavior indicators and compare them with the BMMS 2010 to see how well the country is progressing toward national and global targets for maternal health since the 2010 survey. The survey was conducted in a nationally representative sample of 306,961 households. In each selected household, ever-married women ages 13 to 49 were interviewed and any deaths among women of reproductive age in the household were investigated using a verbal autopsy instrument, with particular attention to maternal and pregnancy-related deaths. Data collection was carried out over a period of six months from August 22, 2016 to February 10, 2017.

In 1919, there were almost 13 deaths from measles per 100,000 population in the United States. However, this rate had dropped to zero by the year 2021. In early 2025, an outbreak of measles in Texas resulted in the death of a child. This was the first measles death in the United States since 2015. Measles is a highly contagious disease, that is especially dangerous for children. However, vaccines have significantly decreased the rate of cases and deaths in the United States.