This layer presents detectable thermal activity from MODIS satellites for the last 7 days. MODIS Global Fires is a product of NASA’s Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS), part of NASA's Earth Science Data. EOSDIS integrates remote sensing and GIS technologies to deliver global MODIS hotspot/fire locations to natural resource managers and other stakeholders around the World.Consumption Best Practices:

As a service that is subject to very high usage, ensure peak performance and accessibility of your maps and apps by avoiding the use of non-cacheable relative Date/Time field filters. To accommodate filtering events by Date/Time, we suggest using the included "Age" fields that maintain the number of days or hours since a record was created or last modified, compared to the last service update. These queries fully support the ability to cache a response, allowing common query results to be efficiently provided to users in a high demand service environment.When ingesting this service in your applications, avoid using POST requests whenever possible. These requests can compromise performance and scalability during periods of high usage because they too are not cacheable.Source: NASA FIRMS - Active Fire Data - for WorldScale/Resolution: 1kmUpdate Frequency: 1/2 Hour (every 30 minutes) using the Aggregated Live Feed MethodologyArea Covered: WorldWhat can I do with this layer?The MODIS thermal activity layer can be used to visualize and assess wildfires worldwide. However, it should be noted that this dataset contains many “false positives” (e.g., oil/natural gas wells or volcanoes) since the satellite will detect any large thermal signal.Additional InformationMODIS stands for MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer. The MODIS instrument is on board NASA’s Earth Observing System (EOS) Terra (EOS AM) and Aqua (EOS PM) satellites. The orbit of the Terra satellite goes from north to south across the equator in the morning and Aqua passes south to north over the equator in the afternoon resulting in global coverage every 1 to 2 days. The EOS satellites have a ±55 degree scanning pattern and orbit at 705 km with a 2,330 km swath width.It takes approximately 2 – 4 hours after satellite overpass for MODIS Rapid Response to process the data, and for the Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS) to update the website. Occasionally, hardware errors can result in processing delays beyond the 2-4 hour range. Additional information on the MODIS system status can be found at MODIS Rapid Response.Attribute InformationLatitude and Longitude: The center point location of the 1km (approx.) pixel flagged as containing one or more fires/hotspots (fire size is not 1km, but variable). Stored by Point Geometry. See What does a hotspot/fire detection mean on the ground?Brightness: The brightness temperature measured (in Kelvin) using the MODIS channels 21/22 and channel 31.Scan and Track: The actual spatial resolution of the scanned pixel. Although the algorithm works at 1km resolution, the MODIS pixels get bigger toward the edge of the scan. See What does scan and track mean?Date and Time: Acquisition date of the hotspot/active fire pixel and time of satellite overpass in UTC (client presentation in local time). Stored by Acquisition Date.Acquisition Date: Derived Date/Time field combining Date and Time attributes.Satellite: Whether the detection was picked up by the Terra or Aqua satellite.Confidence: The detection confidence is a quality flag of the individual hotspot/active fire pixel.Version: Version refers to the processing collection and source of data. The number before the decimal refers to the collection (e.g. MODIS Collection 6). The number after the decimal indicates the source of Level 1B data; data processed in near-real time by MODIS Rapid Response will have the source code “CollectionNumber.0”. Data sourced from MODAPS (with a 2-month lag) and processed by FIRMS using the standard MOD14/MYD14 Thermal Anomalies algorithm will have a source code “CollectionNumber.x”. For example, data with the version listed as 5.0 is collection 5, processed by MRR, data with the version listed as 5.1 is collection 5 data processed by FIRMS using Level 1B data from MODAPS.Bright.T31: Channel 31 brightness temperature (in Kelvins) of the hotspot/active fire pixel.FRP: Fire Radiative Power. Depicts the pixel-integrated fire radiative power in MW (MegaWatts). FRP provides information on the measured radiant heat output of detected fires. The amount of radiant heat energy liberated per unit time (the Fire Radiative Power) is thought to be related to the rate at which fuel is being consumed (Wooster et. al. (2005)).DayNight: The standard processing algorithm uses the solar zenith angle (SZA) to threshold the day/night value; if the SZA exceeds 85 degrees it is assigned a night value. SZA values less than 85 degrees are assigned a day time value. For the NRT algorithm the day/night flag is assigned by ascending (day) vs descending (night) observation. It is expected that the NRT assignment of the day/night flag will be amended to be consistent with the standard processing.Hours Old: Derived field that provides age of record in hours between Acquisition date/time and latest update date/time. 0 = less than 1 hour ago, 1 = less than 2 hours ago, 2 = less than 3 hours ago, and so on.RevisionsJune 22, 2022: Added 'HOURS_OLD' field to enhance Filtering data. Added 'Last 7 days' Layer to extend data to match time range of VIIRS offering. Added Field level descriptions.This map is provided for informational purposes and is not monitored 24/7 for accuracy and currency.If you would like to be alerted to potential issues or simply see when this Service will update next, please visit our Live Feed Status Page!

This series of products from MODIS represents the only daily global composites available and is suitable for use at global and regional levels. This True Color band composition (Bands 1 4 3 | Red, Green, Blue) most accurately shows how we see the earth’s surface with our own eyes. It is a natural looking image that is useful for land surface, oceanic and atmospheric analysis. There are four True Color products in total. For each satellite (Aqua and Terra) there is a 250 meter corrected reflectance product and a 500 meter surface reflectance product. Although the resolution is coarser than other satellites, this allows for a global collection of imagery on a daily basis, which is made available in near real-time. In contrast, Landsat needs 16 days to collect a global composite. Besides the maximum resolution difference, the surface and corrected reflectance products also differ in the algorithm used for atmospheric correction.NASA Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS)This image layer provides access to a subset of the NASA Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), which are a set of standard services to deliver global, full-resolution satellite imagery. The GIBS goal is to enable interactive exploration of NASA's Earth imagery for a broad range of users. The purpose of this image layer, and the other GIBS image services hosted by Esri, is to enable convenient access to this beautiful and useful satellite imagery for users of ArcGIS. The source data used by this image layer is a finished image; it is not recommended for quantitative analysis.Several full resolution, global imagery products are built and served by GIBS in near real-time (usually within 3.5 hours of observation). These products are built from NASA Earth Observing System satellites data courtesy of LANCE data providers and other sources. The MODIS instrument aboard Terra and Aqua satellites, the AIRS instrument aboard Aqua, and the OMI instrument aboard Aura are used as sources. Several of the MODIS global products are made available on this Esri hosted service.This image layer hosted by Esri provides direct access to one of the GIBS image products. The Esri servers do not store any of this data itself. Instead, for each received data request, multiple image tiles are retrieved from GIBS, which are then processed and assembled into the proper image for the response. This processing takes place on-the-fly, for each and every request. This ensures that any update to the GIBS data is immediately available in the Esri mosaic service.Note on Time: The image service supporting this map is time enabled, but time has been disabled on this image layer so that the most recent imagery displays by default. If you would like to view imagery over time, you can update the layer properties to enable time animation and configure time settings. The results can be saved in a web map to use later or share with others.

Thermal activity detected by MODIS satellites for the last 48 hours.

This series of products from MODIS represents the only daily global composites available and is suitable for use at global and regional levels. This Vegetation product (Bands 1 2 1 | Red, Near Infrared, Red) shows the differences in type and density of vegetation. Irrigated agriculture appears bright green, whereas forests are a darker green and lawns are a muted green. Bare soils are light purples to white, and water is dark purple to black. Clouds are light grey to white. There are two Vegetation products, one for each satellite (Aqua and Terra). Each product is a surface reflectance product with a 250 meter resolution. Although the resolution is coarser than other satellites, this allows for a global collection of imagery on a daily basis, which is made available in near real-time. In contrast, Landsat needs 16 days to collect a global composite. Besides the maximum resolution difference, the surface and corrected reflectance products also differ in the algorithm used for atmospheric correction.

Thermal activity detected by MODIS satellites for the last 7 days.

Visualization OverviewThis visualization represents a "true color" band combination (Red = 1, Green = 4, Blue = 3) of data collected by the MODIS instrument on the NASA Aqua satellite. The imagery represents a natural looking view of the Earth's surface without the presence of aerosols (e.g. clouds and dust). At its highest resolution, this visualization represents the underlying data scaled to a resolution of 500m per pixel at the equator.The MODIS Surface Reflectance product is created by an atmospheric correction algorithm that includes aerosol correction and is designed to derive land surface properties. By contrast, the MODIS Corrected Reflectance product, which is also available in the Living Atlas, provides more natural-looking images by only removing gross atmospheric effects such as Rayleigh scattering from the visible bands. In clear atmospheric conditions the Corrected Reflectance product is similar to the Surface Reflectance product, but they depart from each other in the presence of aerosols.Multi-Spectral BandsThe following table lists the MODIS bands that are utilized to create this visualization. See here for a full description of all MODIS bands.BandDescriptionWavelength (µm)Resolution (m)1Visible (Red)0.620 - 0.670 2503Visible (Blue)0.459 - 0.4795004Visible (Green)0.545 - 0.565500Temporal CoverageBy default, this layer will display the imagery currently available for today’s date. This imagery is a "daily composite" that is assembled from hundreds of individual data files. When viewing imagery for “today,” you may notice that only a portion of the map has imagery. This is because the visualization is continually updated as the satellite collects more data. To view imagery over time, you can update the layer properties to enable time animation and configure time settings. Currently, this layer is available from present back to the start of the mission (July 3rd, 2002).NASA Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), NASA Worldview, & NASA LANCEThis visualization is provided through the NASA Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), which are a set of standard services to deliver global, full-resolution satellite imagery for hundreds of NASA Earth science datasets and science parameters. Through its services, and the NASA Worldview client, GIBS enables interactive exploration of NASA's Earth imagery for a broad range of users. The data and imagery are generated within 3 hours of acquisition through the NASA LANCE capability.Esri and NASA Collaborative ServicesThis visualization is made available through an ArcGIS image service hosted on Esri servers and facilitates access to a NASA GIBS service endpoint. For each image service request, the Esri server issues multiple requests to the GIBS service, processes and assembles the responses, and returns a proper mosaic image to the user. Processing occurs on-the-fly for each and every request to ensure that any update to the GIBS imagery is immediately available to the user. As such, availability of this visualization is dependent on both the Esri and the NASA GIBS services.

This live Web Map is a subset of global Satellite (MODIS) Thermal Hotspots and Fire ActivityThis layer presents detectable thermal activity from MODIS satellites for the last 7 days. MODIS Global Fires is a product of NASA’s Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS), part of NASA's Earth Science Data. EOSDIS integrates remote sensing and GIS technologies to deliver global MODIS hotspot/fire locations to natural resource managers and other stakeholders around the World.Consumption Best Practices:As a service that is subject to very high usage, ensure peak performance and accessibility of your maps and apps by avoiding the use of non-cacheable relative Date/Time field filters. To accommodate filtering events by Date/Time, we suggest using the included "Age" fields that maintain the number of days or hours since a record was created or last modified, compared to the last service update. These queries fully support the ability to cache a response, allowing common query results to be efficiently provided to users in a high demand service environment.When ingesting this service in your applications, avoid using POST requests whenever possible. These requests can compromise performance and scalability during periods of high usage because they too are not cacheable.Source: NASA FIRMS - Active Fire Data - for WorldScale/Resolution: 1kmUpdate Frequency: 1/2 Hour (every 30 minutes) using the Aggregated Live Feed MethodologyArea Covered: WorldWhat can I do with this layer?The MODIS thermal activity layer can be used to visualize and assess wildfires worldwide. However, it should be noted that this dataset contains many “false positives” (e.g., oil/natural gas wells or volcanoes) since the satellite will detect any large thermal signal.Additional InformationMODIS stands for MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer. The MODIS instrument is on board NASA’s Earth Observing System (EOS) Terra (EOS AM) and Aqua (EOS PM) satellites. The orbit of the Terra satellite goes from north to south across the equator in the morning and Aqua passes south to north over the equator in the afternoon resulting in global coverage every 1 to 2 days. The EOS satellites have a ±55 degree scanning pattern and orbit at 705 km with a 2,330 km swath width.It takes approximately 2 – 4 hours after satellite overpass for MODIS Rapid Response to process the data, and for the Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS) to update the website. Occasionally, hardware errors can result in processing delays beyond the 2-4 hour range. Additional information on the MODIS system status can be found at MODIS Rapid Response.Attribute InformationLatitude and Longitude: The center point location of the 1km (approx.) pixel flagged as containing one or more fires/hotspots (fire size is not 1km, but variable). Stored by Point Geometry. See What does a hotspot/fire detection mean on the ground?Brightness: The brightness temperature measured (in Kelvin) using the MODIS channels 21/22 and channel 31.Scan and Track: The actual spatial resolution of the scanned pixel. Although the algorithm works at 1km resolution, the MODIS pixels get bigger toward the edge of the scan. See What does scan and track mean?Date and Time: Acquisition date of the hotspot/active fire pixel and time of satellite overpass in UTC (client presentation in local time). Stored by Acquisition Date.Acquisition Date: Derived Date/Time field combining Date and Time attributes.Satellite: Whether the detection was picked up by the Terra or Aqua satellite.Confidence: The detection confidence is a quality flag of the individual hotspot/active fire pixel.Version: Version refers to the processing collection and source of data. The number before the decimal refers to the collection (e.g. MODIS Collection 6). The number after the decimal indicates the source of Level 1B data; data processed in near-real time by MODIS Rapid Response will have the source code “CollectionNumber.0”. Data sourced from MODAPS (with a 2-month lag) and processed by FIRMS using the standard MOD14/MYD14 Thermal Anomalies algorithm will have a source code “CollectionNumber.x”. For example, data with the version listed as 5.0 is collection 5, processed by MRR, data with the version listed as 5.1 is collection 5 data processed by FIRMS using Level 1B data from MODAPS.Bright.T31: Channel 31 brightness temperature (in Kelvins) of the hotspot/active fire pixel.FRP: Fire Radiative Power. Depicts the pixel-integrated fire radiative power in MW (MegaWatts). FRP provides information on the measured radiant heat output of detected fires. The amount of radiant heat energy liberated per unit time (the Fire Radiative Power) is thought to be related to the rate at which fuel is being consumed (Wooster et. al. (2005)).DayNight: The standard processing algorithm uses the solar zenith angle (SZA) to threshold the day/night value; if the SZA exceeds 85 degrees it is assigned a night value. SZA values less than 85 degrees are assigned a day time value. For the NRT algorithm the day/night flag is assigned by ascending (day) vs descending (night) observation. It is expected that the NRT assignment of the day/night flag will be amended to be consistent with the standard processing.Hours Old: Derived field that provides age of record in hours between Acquisition date/time and latest update date/time. 0 = less than 1 hour ago, 1 = less than 2 hours ago, 2 = less than 3 hours ago, and so on.RevisionsJune 22, 2022: Added 'HOURS_OLD' field to enhance Filtering data. Added 'Last 7 days' Layer to extend data to match time range of VIIRS offering. Added Field level descriptions.This map is provided for informational purposes and is not monitored 24/7 for accuracy and currency.If you would like to be alerted to potential issues or simply see when this Service will update next, please visit our Live Feed Status Page!

Visualization OverviewThis visualization represents a "false color" band combination (Red = 1, Green = 2, Blue = 1) of data collected by the MODIS instrument on the NASA Terra satellite. The imagery is most useful for identifying vegetation changes, drought, and floods. At its highest resolution, this visualization represents the underlying data scaled to a resolution of 250m per pixel at the equator.The MODIS Surface Reflectance product provides an estimate of the surface reflectance as it would be measured at ground level in the absence of atmospheric scattering or absorption. This is accomplished through an atmospheric correction algorithm that is designed to drive land surface properties. The following guidelines will aid in understanding this visualization. See here for additional information on how this "false color" band combination highlights these physical characteristics of the Earth. Vegetation will appear bright green.Liquid water on the ground will appear very dark.Sediments in water will appear pink.Multi-Spectral BandsThe following table lists the MODIS bands that are utilized to create this visualization. See here for a full description of all MODIS bands.BandDescriptionWavelength (µm)Resolution (m)1Visible (Red)0.620 - 0.6702502Shortwave Near IR0.841 - 0.876250Temporal CoverageBy default, this layer will display the imagery currently available for today’s date. This imagery is a "daily composite" that is assembled from hundreds of individual data files. When viewing imagery for “today,” you may notice that only a portion of the map has imagery. This is because the visualization is continually updated as the satellite collects more data. To view imagery over time, you can update the layer properties to enable time animation and configure time settings. Currently, this layer is available from present back to the start of the mission (February 24th, 2000).NASA Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), NASA Worldview, & NASA LANCEThis visualization is provided through the NASA Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), which are a set of standard services to deliver global, full-resolution satellite imagery for hundreds of NASA Earth science datasets and science parameters. Through its services, and the NASA Worldview client, GIBS enables interactive exploration of NASA's Earth imagery for a broad range of users. The data and imagery are generated within 3 hours of acquisition through the NASA LANCE capability.Esri and NASA Collaborative ServicesThis visualization is made available through an ArcGIS image service hosted on Esri servers and facilitates access to a NASA GIBS service endpoint. For each image service request, the Esri server issues multiple requests to the GIBS service, processes and assembles the responses, and returns a proper mosaic image to the user. Processing occurs on-the-fly for each and every request to ensure that any update to the GIBS imagery is immediately available to the user. As such, availability of this visualization is dependent on both the Esri and the NASA GIBS services.

Visualization OverviewThis visualization represents a "false color" band combination (Red = 3, Green = 6, Blue = 7) of data collected by the MODIS instrument on the NASA Terra satellite. The imagery is most useful for distinguishing water in its various states (e.g. liquid, ice, and snow). For example, clouds over snow, ice cloud versus water cloud; or floods from dense vegetation. At its highest resolution, this visualization represents the underlying data scaled to a resolution of 250m per pixel at the equator.The MODIS Corrected Reflectance product retains visible aerosols for a natural-looking visualization, though gross atmospheric effects (e.g. Rayleigh scattering) have been removed. The following guidelines will aid in understanding this visualization. See here for additional information on how this "false color" band combination highlights these physical characteristics of the Earth.Thick ice and snow appear a vivid red (or dark pink), while ice crystals in clouds will appear pinkish.Vegetation will appear green.Naturally bare soil, like a desert, will appear bright cyan.Liquid water on the ground will appear very dark, while water droplets in clouds will appear white.Sediments in water will appear dark red.Multi-Spectral BandsThe following table lists the MODIS bands that are utilized to create this visualization. See here for a full description of all MODIS bands.BandDescriptionWavelength (µm)Resolution (m)3Visible (Blue)0.459 - 0.4795006Shortwave IR1.628 - 1.6525007Shortwave IR2.105 - 2.155500Temporal CoverageBy default, this layer will display the imagery currently available for today’s date. This imagery is a "daily composite" that is assembled from hundreds of individual data files. When viewing imagery for “today,” you may notice that only a portion of the map has imagery. This is because the visualization is continually updated as the satellite collects more data. To view imagery over time, you can update the layer properties to enable time animation and configure time settings. Currently, this layer is available from present back to the start of the mission (February 24th, 2000).NASA Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), NASA Worldview, & NASA LANCEThis visualization is provided through the NASA Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), which are a set of standard services to deliver global, full-resolution satellite imagery for hundreds of NASA Earth science datasets and science parameters. Through its services, and the NASA Worldview client, GIBS enables interactive exploration of NASA's Earth imagery for a broad range of users. The data and imagery are generated within 3 hours of acquisition through the NASA LANCE capability.Esri and NASA Collaborative ServicesThis visualization is made available through an ArcGIS image service hosted on Esri servers and facilitates access to a NASA GIBS service endpoint. For each image service request, the Esri server issues multiple requests to the GIBS service, processes and assembles the responses, and returns a proper mosaic image to the user. Processing occurs on-the-fly for each and every request to ensure that any update to the GIBS imagery is immediately available to the user. As such, availability of this visualization is dependent on both the Esri and the NASA GIBS services.

ESRI grids showing ocean chlorophyll from global observations of ocean colour data from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS). These grids have been produced by CSIRO for the …Show full descriptionESRI grids showing ocean chlorophyll from global observations of ocean colour data from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS). These grids have been produced by CSIRO for the National Oceans Office, as part of an ongoing commitment to natural resource planning and management through the 'National Marine Bioregionalisation' project. Chlorophyll accuracy is about ± 20%.

The Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS) system is a core EOSDIS component which provides a scalable, responsive, highly available, and community standards based set of imagery services. These services are designed with the goal of advancing user interactions with EOSDIS’ inter-disciplinary data through enhanced visual representation and discovery.

A continuous dataset of Land Surface Temperature (LST) is vital for climatological and environmental studies. LST can be regarded as a combination of seasonal mean temperature (climatology) and daily anomaly, which is attributed mainly to the synoptic-scale atmospheric circulation (weather). To reproduce LST in cloudy pixels, time series (2002-2019) of cloud-free 1km MODIS Aqua LST images were generated and the pixel-based seasonality (climatology) was calculated using temporal Fourier analysis. To add the anomaly, we used the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model, which provides air surface temperature under both cloudy and clear sky conditions. The combination of the two sources of data enables the estimation of LST in cloudy pixels.

Data structure

The dataset consists of geo-located continuous LST (Day, Night and Daily) which calculates LST values of cloudy pixels. The spatial domain of the data is the Eastern Mediterranean, at the resolution of the MYD11A1 product (~1 Km). Data are stored in GeoTIFF format as signed 16-bit integers using a scale factor of 0.02, with one file per day, each defined by 4 dimensions (Night LST Cont., Day LST Cont., Daily Average LST Cont., QA). The QA band stores information about the presence of cloud in the original pixel. If in both original files, Day LST and Night LST there was NoData due to clouds, then the QA value is 0. QA value of 1 indicates NoData at original Day LST, 2 indicates NoData at Night LST and 3 indicates valid data at both, day and night. File names follow this naming convention: LST_ 

MODIS Global Fires is a product of The University of Maryland's Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS). FIRMS integrates remote sensing and GIS technologies to deliver global MODIS hotspot/fire locations to natural resource managers and other stakeholders around the World. MODIS stands for MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer. The MODIS instrument is on board NASA’s Earth Observing System (EOS) Terra (EOS AM) and Aqua (EOS PM) satellites. The orbit of the Terra satellite goes from north to south across the equator in the morning and Aqua passes south to north over the equator in the afternoon resulting in global coverage every 1 to 2 days. The EOS satellites have a ±55 degree scanning pattern and orbit at 705 km with a 2,330 km swath width. It takes approximately 2 – 4 hours after satellite overpass for MODIS Rapid Response to process the data, and for FIRMS to update the website. Occasionally, hardware errors mean that it takes longer the 2-4 hours to process the data. For information on the system status of MODIS Rapid Response, click here. We gather this data from the EOSDIS download site. These shapefiles from NASA are parsed using the Aggregated Live Feeds methodology to take the returned information and serve the data through ArcGIS Server as a map service. For performance reasons these layers do not draw when zoomed out beyond 1:20000000. Attribute Information:Latitude and Longitude: The center point location of the 1km (approx.) pixel flagged as containing one or more fires/hotspots (fire size is not 1km, but variable). See What does a hotspot/fire detection mean on the ground?Brightness: The brightness temperature, measured (in Kelvin) using the MODIS channels 21/22 and channel 31.Scan and Track: The actual spatial resolution of the scanned pixel. Although the algorithm works at 1km resolution, the MODIS pixels get bigger toward the edge of the scan. See What does scan and track mean?Date: Acquisition date of the hotspot/active fire pixel.Time: Time of the overpass of the satellite (in UTC).Satellite: Whether the detection was picked up by the Terra or Aqua satellite.Confidence: The detection confidence is a quality flag of the individual hotspot/active fire pixel.Version: Version refers to the processing collection and source of data. The number before the decimal refers to the collection(e.g. MODIS Collection 5). The number after the decimal indicates the source of Level 1B data; data processed in near-real time byMODIS Rapid Response will have the source code “CollectionNumber.0”. Data sourced from MODAPS (with a 2 month lag) and processed by FIRMS using the standard MOD14/MYD14 Thermal Anomalies algorithm will have a source code “CollectionNumber.x”. For example, data with the version listed as 5.0 is collection 5, processed by MRR, data with the version listed as 5.1 is collection 5 data processed by FIRMS using Level 1B data from MODAPS. See What is the difference between data sourced from MODIS Rapid Response and MODAPS Collection 5?Bright.T31: Channel 31 brightness temperature (in Kelvins) of the hotspot/active fire pixel.FRP: Fire Radiative Power. Depicts the pixel-integrated fire radiative power in MW (MegaWatts). FRP provides information on the measured radiant heat output of detected fires. The amount of radiant heat energy liberated per unit time (the Fire Radiative Power) is thought to be related to the rate at which fuel is being consumed (Wooster et. al. (2005))

This Operations Dashboard presents detectable thermal activity from the MODIS sensor on-board NASA's Aqua and Terra satellites for the last 48 hours. MODIS Global Fires is a product of NASA’s Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS), part of NASA's Earth Science Data. EOSDIS integrates remote sensing and GIS technologies to deliver global MODIS hotspot/fire locations to natural resource managers and other stakeholders around the World. The Satellite (Thermal) Hotspots and Fire Activity layer can be access from the ArcGIS Living Atlas of the World. Many of the fire stats represented here include the Fire Radiative Power intensity attribute, which is a measure of the total energy output of a fire in megawatts. This metric is important for applications of biomass burning, as fires in areas with greater biomass are associated with higher FRP. Each of the elements in the Dashboard help to filter, select, and zoom into the thousands of features on the map. The basemap was customized using the ArcGIS Vector Tile Style Editor app.

This map compares the relationship between annual average particulate matter 2.5 (PM 2.5) air quality data for the US between 1998 and 2016 to the percent minority population. Population data is from Esri's Updated Demographics and air quality data is from NASA SEDAC gridded data aggregated to states, counties, congressional districts, and 50km hex bins. Click on the map to view more information such as the trend over time. Click here to view more information on how this layer was created. Citations:van Donkelaar, A., R. V. Martin, M. Brauer, N. C. Hsu, R. A. Kahn, R. C. Levy, A. Lyapustin, A. M. Sayer, and D. M. Winker. 2018. Global Annual PM2.5 Grids from MODIS, MISR and SeaWiFS Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) with GWR, 1998-2016. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). https://doi.org/10.7927/H4ZK5DQS. Accessed 1 April 2020van Donkelaar, A., R. V. Martin, M. Brauer, N. C. Hsu, R. A. Kahn, R. C. Levy, A. Lyapustin, A. M. Sayer, and D. M. Winker. 2016. Global Estimates of Fine Particulate Matter Using a Combined Geophysical-Statistical Method with Information from Satellites. Environmental Science & Technology 50 (7): 3762-3772. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b05833.

This layer presents detectable thermal activity from MODIS satellites for the last 48 hours. MODIS Global Fires is a product of NASA’s Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS), part of NASA's Earth Science Data. EOSDIS integrates remote sensing and GIS technologies to deliver global MODIS hotspot/fire locations to natural resource managers and other stakeholders around the World.Source: NASA FIRMS - Active Fire Data - for WorldScale/Resolution: 1kmUpdate Frequency: 1/2 Hour (every 30 minutes) using the Aggregated Live Feed MethodologyArea Covered: WorldWhat can I do with this layer?The MODIS thermal activity layer can be used to visualize and assess wildfires worldwide. However, it should be noted that this dataset contains many “false positive” (e.g., oil/natural gas wells or volcanoes) since the satellite will detect any large thermal signal.Additional InformationMODIS stands for MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer. The MODIS instrument is on board NASA’s Earth Observing System (EOS) Terra (EOS AM) and Aqua (EOS PM) satellites. The orbit of the Terra satellite goes from north to south across the equator in the morning and Aqua passes south to north over the equator in the afternoon resulting in global coverage every 1 to 2 days. The EOS satellites have a ±55 degree scanning pattern and orbit at 705 km with a 2,330 km swath width.It takes approximately 2 – 4 hours after satellite overpass for MODIS Rapid Response to process the data, and for the Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS) to update the website. Occasionally, hardware errors mean that it takes longer than the 2-4 hours to process the data. Additional information on the MODIS system status can be found at MODIS Rapid Response.Attribute InformationLatitude and Longitude: The center point location of the 1km (approx.) pixel flagged as containing one or more fires/hotspots (fire size is not 1km, but variable). See What does a hotspot/fire detection mean on the ground?Brightness: The brightness temperature measured (in Kelvin) using the MODIS channels 21/22 and channel 31.Scan and Track: The actual spatial resolution of the scanned pixel. Although the algorithm works at 1km resolution, the MODIS pixels get bigger toward the edge of the scan. See What does scan and track mean?Date: Acquisition date of the hotspot/active fire pixel.Time: Time of the overpass of the satellite (in UTC).Satellite: Whether the detection was picked up by the Terra or Aqua satellite.Confidence: The detection confidence is a quality flag of the individual hotspot/active fire pixel.Version: Version refers to the processing collection and source of data. The number before the decimal refers to the collection (e.g. MODIS Collection 6). The number after the decimal indicates the source of Level 1B data; data processed in near-real time by MODIS Rapid Response will have the source code “CollectionNumber.0”. Data sourced from MODAPS (with a 2-month lag) and processed by FIRMS using the standard MOD14/MYD14 Thermal Anomalies algorithm will have a source code “CollectionNumber.x”. For example, data with the version listed as 5.0 is collection 5, processed by MRR, data with the version listed as 5.1 is collection 5 data processed by FIRMS using Level 1B data from MODAPS.Bright.T31: Channel 31 brightness temperature (in Kelvins) of the hotspot/active fire pixel.FRP: Fire Radiative Power. Depicts the pixel-integrated fire radiative power in MW (MegaWatts). FRP provides information on the measured radiant heat output of detected fires. The amount of radiant heat energy liberated per unit time (the Fire Radiative Power) is thought to be related to the rate at which fuel is being consumed (Wooster et. al. (2005)).This map is provided for informational purposes and is not monitored 24/7 for accuracy and currency.

Visualization OverviewThis visualization represents a "true color" band combination (Red = 1, Green = 4, Blue = 3) of data collected by the MODIS instrument on the NASA Aqua satellite. The imagery is most similar to how we see the Earth’s surface with our own eyes. It is a natural looking image that is useful at a global and regional scale. At its highest resolution, this visualization represents the underlying data scaled to a resolution of 250m per pixel at the equator.The MODIS Corrected Reflectance product provides natural-looking images by removing gross atmospheric effects such as Rayleigh scattering from the visible bands. By contrast, the MODIS Surface Reflectance product, which is also available in the Living Atlas, provides a more complete atmospheric correction algorithm that includes aerosol correction and is designed to derive land surface properties. In clear atmospheric conditions the Corrected Reflectance product is similar to the Surface Reflectance product, but they depart from each other in the presence of aerosols.Multi-Spectral BandsThe following table lists the MODIS bands that are utilized to create this visualization. See here for a full description of all MODIS bands.BandDescriptionWavelength (µm)Resolution (m)1Visible (Red)0.620 - 0.670 2503Visible (Blue)0.459 - 0.4795004Visible (Green)0.545 - 0.565500Temporal CoverageBy default, this layer will display the imagery currently available for today’s date. This imagery is a "daily composite" that is assembled from hundreds of individual data files. When viewing imagery for “today,” you may notice that only a portion of the map has imagery. This is because the visualization is continually updated as the satellite collects more data. To view imagery over time, you can update the layer properties to enable time animation and configure time settings. Currently, this layer is available from present back to the start of the mission (July 3rd, 2002).NASA Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), NASA Worldview, & NASA LANCEThis visualization is provided through the NASA Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), which are a set of standard services to deliver global, full-resolution satellite imagery for hundreds of NASA Earth science datasets and science parameters. Through its services, and the NASA Worldview client, GIBS enables interactive exploration of NASA's Earth imagery for a broad range of users. The data and imagery are generated within 3 hours of acquisition through the NASA LANCE capability.Esri and NASA Collaborative ServicesThis visualization is made available through an ArcGIS image service hosted on Esri servers and facilitates access to a NASA GIBS service endpoint. For each image service request, the Esri server issues multiple requests to the GIBS service, processes and assembles the responses, and returns a proper mosaic image to the user. Processing occurs on-the-fly for each and every request to ensure that any update to the GIBS imagery is immediately available to the user. As such, availability of this visualization is dependent on both the Esri and the NASA GIBS services.

Important Note: This item is in mature support as of March 2022.This series of products from MODIS represents the only daily global composites available and is suitable for use at global and regional levels. This Burn Scars and Flooding band composition (Bands 7 2 1 | Shortwave Infrared, Near Infrared, Red) is designed to distinguish between burned areas and bare soil, this composition is effective at detecting recent burn scars, which will appear red to reddish-brown. Water will appear dark blue to black, making it an effective tool for delineating inundated areas. This map shows the 250 meter corrected reflectance product from both satellites that carry a MODIS, Aqua and Terra. Although the resolution is coarser than other satellites, this allows for a global collection of imagery on a daily basis, which is made available in near real-time. In contrast, Landsat needs 16 days to collect a global composite. Besides the maximum resolution difference, the surface and corrected reflectance products also differ in the algorithm used for atmospheric correction.NASA Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS)This image layer provides access to a subset of the NASA Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), which are a set of standard services to deliver global, full-resolution satellite imagery. The GIBS goal is to enable interactive exploration of NASA's Earth imagery for a broad range of users. The purpose of this image layer, and the other GIBS image services hosted by Esri, is to enable convenient access to this beautiful and useful satellite imagery for users of ArcGIS. The source data used by this image layer is a finished image; it is not recommended for quantitative analysis.Several full resolution, global imagery products are built and served by GIBS in near real-time (usually within 3.5 hours of observation). These products are built from NASA Earth Observing System satellites data courtesy of LANCE data providers and other sources. The MODIS instrument aboard Terra and Aqua satellites, the AIRS instrument aboard Aqua, and the OMI instrument aboard Aura are used as sources. Several of the MODIS global products are made available on this Esri hosted service.This image layer hosted by Esri provides direct access to one of the GIBS image products. The Esri servers do not store any of this data itself. Instead, for each received data request, multiple image tiles are retrieved from GIBS, which are then processed and assembled into the proper image for the response. This processing takes place on-the-fly, for each and every request. This ensures that any update to the GIBS data is immediately available in the Esri mosaic service.Note on Time: The image service supporting this layer is time enabled, but time has been disabled on this image layer so that the most recent imagery displays by default. If you would like to view imagery over time, you can update the layer properties to enable time animation and configure time settings. The results can be saved in a web map to use later or share with others.

This series of products from MODIS represents the only daily global composites available and is suitable for use at global and regional levels. This True Color band composition (Bands 1 4 3 | Red, Green, Blue) most accurately shows how we see the earth’s surface with our own eyes. It is a natural looking image that is useful for land surface, oceanic and atmospheric analysis. There are four True Color products in total. For each satellite (Aqua and Terra) there is a 250 meter corrected reflectance product and a 500 meter surface reflectance product. Although the resolution is coarser than other satellites, this allows for a global collection of imagery on a daily basis, which is made available in near real-time. In contrast, Landsat needs 16 days to collect a global composite. Besides the maximum resolution difference, the surface and corrected reflectance products also differ in the algorithm used for atmospheric correction.NASA Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS)This image layer provides access to a subset of the NASA Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), which are a set of standard services to deliver global, full-resolution satellite imagery. The GIBS goal is to enable interactive exploration of NASA's Earth imagery for a broad range of users. The purpose of this image layer, and the other GIBS image services hosted by Esri, is to enable convenient access to this beautiful and useful satellite imagery for users of ArcGIS. The source data used by this image layer is a finished image; it is not recommended for quantitative analysis.Several full resolution, global imagery products are built and served by GIBS in near real-time (usually within 3.5 hours of observation). These products are built from NASA Earth Observing System satellites data courtesy of LANCE data providers and other sources. The MODIS instrument aboard Terra and Aqua satellites, the AIRS instrument aboard Aqua, and the OMI instrument aboard Aura are used as sources. Several of the MODIS global products are made available on this Esri hosted service.This image layer hosted by Esri provides direct access to one of the GIBS image products. The Esri servers do not store any of this data itself. Instead, for each received data request, multiple image tiles are retrieved from GIBS, which are then processed and assembled into the proper image for the response. This processing takes place on-the-fly, for each and every request. This ensures that any update to the GIBS data is immediately available in the Esri mosaic service.Note on Time: The image service supporting this layer is time enabled, but time has been disabled on this image layer so that the most recent imagery displays by default. If you would like to view imagery over time, you can update the layer properties to enable time animation and configure time settings. The results can be saved in a web map to use later or share with others.

Terra-i is a near real-time monitoring system developed by that detects land cover changes in the tropics. It uses satellite data from MODIS vegetation indices (MOD13Q1 and NDVI) and products related to presence of water bodies (MOD35) as well as Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitation data to detect anthropogenic changes in vegetation cover every 16 days. Terra-i is a collaboration between the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT - DAPA), CGIAR’s Research Program on Forestry, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA), The Nature Conservancy (TNC), the University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HEIG-VD), and King’s College London (KCL).The system is based on the premise that natural vegetation follows a predictable pattern of change in greenness from one date to the next, brought about by site-specific land and climatic conditions over the same period. The model is trained to understand the normal pattern of changes in vegetation greenness in relation to terrain and rainfall for a site, which allows for prediction of what the next vegetation response should be based on the historical data. If the prediction is significantly different from the historical responses in relation to pattern of rainfall and lasts for two 16-day periods in a row, the pixel is marked as potentially having changed by anthropogenic means.