Inflation is generally defined as the continued increase in the average prices of goods and services in a given region. Following the extremely high global inflation experienced in the 1980s and 1990s, global inflation has been relatively stable since the turn of the millennium, usually hovering between three and five percent per year. There was a sharp increase in 2008 due to the global financial crisis now known as the Great Recession, but inflation was fairly stable throughout the 2010s, before the current inflation crisis began in 2021. Recent years Despite the economic impact of the coronavirus pandemic, the global inflation rate fell to 3.26 percent in the pandemic's first year, before rising to 4.66 percent in 2021. This increase came as the impact of supply chain delays began to take more of an effect on consumer prices, before the Russia-Ukraine war exacerbated this further. A series of compounding issues such as rising energy and food prices, fiscal instability in the wake of the pandemic, and consumer insecurity have created a new global recession, and global inflation in 2024 is estimated to have reached 5.76 percent. This is the highest annual increase in inflation since 1996. Venezuela Venezuela is the country with the highest individual inflation rate in the world, forecast at around 200 percent in 2022. While this is figure is over 100 times larger than the global average in most years, it actually marks a decrease in Venezuela's inflation rate, which had peaked at over 65,000 percent in 2018. Between 2016 and 2021, Venezuela experienced hyperinflation due to the government's excessive spending and printing of money in an attempt to curve its already-high inflation rate, and the wave of migrants that left the country resulted in one of the largest refugee crises in recent years. In addition to its economic problems, political instability and foreign sanctions pose further long-term problems for Venezuela. While hyperinflation may be coming to an end, it remains to be seen how much of an impact this will have on the economy, how living standards will change, and how many refugees may return in the coming years.

The DXY exchange rate rose to 99.9812 on August 1, 2025, up 0.01% from the previous session. Over the past month, the United States Dollar has strengthened 3.31%, but it's down by 3.13% over the last 12 months. United States Dollar - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on August of 2025.

The total value of currency in circulation in the United States reached approximately *** trillion U.S. dollars in 2023, marking a slight increase from the previous year. Over the observed period, the value of currency rose steadily, with a notable spike in 2020. In 2023, the overall value of 100-dollar bills in circulation accounted for **** trillion U.S. dollars.

The value of M2 money supply in the U.S. amounted to ***** trillion U.S. dollars in 2023, which was a slight decrease compared to the previous year. While between 2000 and 2019, the M2 money supply increased at a relatively slow pace, there was an exceptionally sharp increase in 2020, which was the result of the Federal Reserve's quantitative easing in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Graph and download economic data for Currency in Circulation (CURRCIR) from Aug 1917 to Jul 2025 about currency and USA.

When converted to the value of one US dollar in 2020, goods and services that cost one dollar in 1700 would cost just over 63 dollars in 2020, this means that one dollar in 1700 was worth approximately 63 times more than it is today. This data can be used to calculate how much goods and services from the years shown would cost today, by multiplying the price from then by the number shown in the graph. For example, an item that cost 50 dollars in 1970 would theoretically cost 335.5 US dollars in 2020 (50 x 6.71 = 335.5), although it is important to remember that the prices of individual goods and services inflate at different rates than currency, therefore this graph must only be used as a guide.

United States - Currency in Circulation was 2391.35300 Bil. of $ in June of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Currency in Circulation reached a record high of 2391.35300 in June of 2025 and a record low of 3.71400 in August of 1917. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Currency in Circulation - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on August of 2025.

The USD/TRY exchange rate rose to 40.6150 on August 1, 2025, up 0.06% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Turkish Lira has weakened 2.18%, and is down by 22.33% over the last 12 months. Turkish Lira - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on August of 2025.

The USD/INR exchange rate fell to 87.3020 on August 1, 2025, down 0.21% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Indian Rupee has weakened 2.00%, and is down by 4.19% over the last 12 months. Indian Rupee - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on August of 2025.

China Calculator & Money Specialized Equip Mfg: Ind Sales Value: Year to Date data was reported at 48,965.530 RMB mn in Dec 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 51,561.970 RMB mn for Dec 2014. China Calculator & Money Specialized Equip Mfg: Ind Sales Value: Year to Date data is updated monthly, averaging 7,521.200 RMB mn from Jan 2003 (Median) to Dec 2015, with 90 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 51,561.970 RMB mn in Dec 2014 and a record low of 1,477.390 RMB mn in Feb 2005. China Calculator & Money Specialized Equip Mfg: Ind Sales Value: Year to Date data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The data is categorized under Global Database’s China – Table CN.RFF: Electronic Mfg Industry: Computer: Monthly: Calculator & Money Specialized Equipment.

Abstract (en): This research focuses on the longer-term monetary relationships in historical data. Charts describing the 10-year average growth rates in the M2 monetary aggregate, nominal GDP, real GDP, and inflation are used to show that there is a consistent longer-term correlation between M2 growth, nominal GDP growth, and inflation but not between such nominal variables and real GDP growth. The data reveal extremely long cycles in monetary growth and inflation, the most recent of which was the strong upward trend in M2 growth, nominal GDP growth, and inflation during the 1960s and 1970s, and the strong downward trend since then. Data going back to the 19th century show that the most recent inflation/disinflation cycle is a repetition of earlier long monetary growth and inflation cycles in the United States historical record. Also discussed is a measure of bond market inflation credibility, defined as the difference between averages in long-term bond rates and real GDP growth. By this measure, inflation credibility hovered close to zero during the 1950s and early 1960s, but then rose to a peak of about 10 percent in the early 1980s. During the 1990s, the bond market has yet to restore the low inflation credibility that existed before inflation turned up during the 1960s. The conclusion is that the risks of starting another costly inflation/disinflation cycle could be avoided by monitoring monetary growth and maintaining a sufficiently tight policy to keep inflation low. An environment of credible price stability would allow the economy to function unfettered by inflationary distortions, which is all that can reasonably be expected of monetary policy, and is precisely what should be expected. (1) The file submitted is the data file 9811WD.DAT. (2) These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator(s) if further information is desired.

China Calculator & Currency Special Equipment: Value Added Tax Payable: Year to Date data was reported at 0.537 RMB bn in Oct 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.446 RMB bn for Sep 2015. China Calculator & Currency Special Equipment: Value Added Tax Payable: Year to Date data is updated monthly, averaging 0.158 RMB bn from Dec 2003 (Median) to Oct 2015, with 97 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.348 RMB bn in Dec 2012 and a record low of -0.006 RMB bn in Apr 2006. China Calculator & Currency Special Equipment: Value Added Tax Payable: Year to Date data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Industrial Sector – Table CN.BHW: Culture and Office Machinery: Calculator and Currency Special Equipment.

Graph and download economic data for Use of Financial Services, Mobile Banking: Value of Mobile Money Transactions (during the Reference Year) for Armenia (ARMFCMTVXDC) from 2012 to 2022 about Armenia, financial, services, banks, and depository institutions.

Graph and download economic data for Use of Financial Services: Key Indicators, Value of Mobile Money Transactions During the Reference Year for Philippines (PHLFCMTVGGDPPT) from 2010 to 2023 about Philippines, financial, and services.

Graph and download economic data for Value of Currency in Circulation: $1 (CURRVAL1) from 1993 to 2024 about notes, currency, and USA.

Money Supply M0 in the United States increased to 5748600 USD Million in June from 5648700 USD Million in May of 2025. This dataset provides - United States Money Supply M0 - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

This dataset provides values for INFLATION RATE reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

This dataset provides values for INFLATION RATE reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

Graph and download economic data for Use of Financial Services, Mobile Banking: Value of Mobile Money Transactions (during the Reference Year) for Chad (TCDFCMTVXDC) from 2014 to 2022 about Chad, financial, services, banks, and depository institutions.

In January 2025, prices had increased by three percent compared to January 2024 according to the 12-month percentage change in the consumer price index — the monthly inflation rate for goods and services in the United States. The data represents U.S. city averages. In economics, the inflation rate is a measure of the change in price level over time. The rate of decrease in the purchasing power of money is approximately equal. A projection of the annual U.S. inflation rate can be accessed here and the actual annual inflation rate since 1990 can be accessed here. InflationOne of the most important economic indicators is the development of the Consumer Price Index in a country. The change in this price level of goods and services is defined as the rate of inflation. The inflationary situation in the United States had been relatively severe in 2022 due to global events relating to COVID-19, supply chain restrains, and the Russian invasion of Ukraine. More information on U.S. inflation may be found on our dedicated topic page. The annual inflation rate in the United States has increased from 3.2 percent in 2011 to 8.3 percent in 2022. This means that the purchasing power of the U.S. dollar has weakened in recent years. The purchasing power is the extent to which a person has available funds to make purchases. According to the data published by the International Monetary Fund, the U.S. Consumer Price Index (CPI) was about 258.84 in 2020 and is forecasted to grow up to 325.6 by 2027, compared to the base period from 1982 to 1984. The monthly percentage change in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for urban consumers in the United States was 0.1 percent in March 2023 compared to the previous month. In 2022, countries all around the world are experienced high levels of inflation. Although Brazil already had an inflation rate of 8.3 percent in 2021, compared to the previous year, while the inflation rate in China stood at 0.85 percent.