Montenegro ME: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Latin America & The Caribbean data was reported at 1.185 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.254 % for 2015. Montenegro ME: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Latin America & The Caribbean data is updated yearly, averaging 1.254 % from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2016, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.231 % in 2010 and a record low of 1.064 % in 2008. Montenegro ME: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Latin America & The Caribbean data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Montenegro – Table ME.World Bank: Imports. Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Latin America and the Caribbean are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from low- and middle-income economies in the Latin America and the Caribbean region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Montenegro ME: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Sub-Saharan Africa data was reported at 0.117 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.123 % for 2015. Montenegro ME: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Sub-Saharan Africa data is updated yearly, averaging 0.076 % from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2016, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.203 % in 2011 and a record low of 0.036 % in 2008. Montenegro ME: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Sub-Saharan Africa data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Montenegro – Table ME.World Bank: Imports. Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Sub-Saharan Africa are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from low- and middle-income economies in the Sub-Saharan Africa region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Montenegro ME: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Within Region data was reported at 40.332 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 46.993 % for 2015. Montenegro ME: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Within Region data is updated yearly, averaging 44.386 % from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2016, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 48.622 % in 2011 and a record low of 37.669 % in 2007. Montenegro ME: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Within Region data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Montenegro – Table ME.World Bank: Imports. Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies within region are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from other low- and middle-income economies in the same World Bank region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data. No figures are shown for high-income economies, because they are a separate category in the World Bank classification of economies.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Abstract

The study included four separate surveys:

1. The LSMS survey of general population of Serbia in 2002

2. The survey of Family Income Support (MOP in Serbian) recipients in 2002 These two datasets are published together separately from the 2003 datasets.

3. The LSMS survey of general population of Serbia in 2003 (panel survey)

4. The survey of Roma from Roma settlements in 2003 These two datasets are published together.

Objectives

LSMS represents multi-topical study of household living standard and is based on international experience in designing and conducting this type of research. The basic survey was carried out in 2002 on a representative sample of households in Serbia (without Kosovo and Metohija). Its goal was to establish a poverty profile according to the comprehensive data on welfare of households and to identify vulnerable groups. Also its aim was to assess the targeting of safety net programs by collecting detailed information from individuals on participation in specific government social programs. This study was used as the basic document in developing Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS) in Serbia which was adopted by the Government of the Republic of Serbia in October 2003.

The survey was repeated in 2003 on a panel sample (the households which participated in 2002 survey were re-interviewed).

Analysis of the take-up and profile of the population in 2003 was the first step towards formulating the system of monitoring in the Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS). The survey was conducted in accordance with the same methodological principles used in 2002 survey, with necessary changes referring only to the content of certain modules and the reduction in sample size. The aim of the repeated survey was to obtain panel data to enable monitoring of the change in the living standard within a period of one year, thus indicating whether there had been a decrease or increase in poverty in Serbia in the course of 2003. [Note: Panel data are the data obtained on the sample of households which participated in the both surveys. These data made possible tracking of living standard of the same persons in the period of one year.]

Along with these two comprehensive surveys, conducted on national and regional representative samples which were to give a picture of the general population, there were also two surveys with particular emphasis on vulnerable groups. In 2002, it was the survey of living standard of Family Income Support recipients with an aim to validate this state supported program of social welfare. In 2003 the survey of Roma from Roma settlements was conducted. Since all present experiences indicated that this was one of the most vulnerable groups on the territory of Serbia and Montenegro, but with no ample research of poverty of Roma population made, the aim of the survey was to compare poverty of this group with poverty of basic population and to establish which categories of Roma population were at the greatest risk of poverty in 2003. However, it is necessary to stress that the LSMS of the Roma population comprised potentially most imperilled Roma, while the Roma integrated in the main population were not included in this study.

Geographic coverage

The surveys were conducted on the whole territory of Serbia (without Kosovo and Metohija).

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sample frame for both surveys of general population (LSMS) in 2002 and 2003 consisted of all permanent residents of Serbia, without the population of Kosovo and Metohija, according to definition of permanently resident population contained in UN Recommendations for Population Censuses, which were applied in 2002 Census of Population in the Republic of Serbia. Therefore, permanent residents were all persons living in the territory Serbia longer than one year, with the exception of diplomatic and consular staff.

The sample frame for the survey of Family Income Support recipients included all current recipients of this program on the territory of Serbia based on the official list of recipients given by Ministry of Social affairs.

The definition of the Roma population from Roma settlements was faced with obstacles since precise data on the total number of Roma population in Serbia are not available. According to the last population Census from 2002 there were 108,000 Roma citizens, but the data from the Census are thought to significantly underestimate the total number of the Roma population. However, since no other more precise data were available, this number was taken as the basis for estimate on Roma population from Roma settlements. According to the 2002 Census, settlements with at least 7% of the total population who declared itself as belonging to Roma nationality were selected. A total of 83% or 90,000 self-declared Roma lived in the settlements that were defined in this way and this number was taken as the sample frame for Roma from Roma settlements.

Planned sample: In 2002 the planned size of the sample of general population included 6.500 households. The sample was both nationally and regionally representative (representative on each individual stratum). In 2003 the planned panel sample size was 3.000 households. In order to preserve the representative quality of the sample, we kept every other census block unit of the large sample realized in 2002. This way we kept the identical allocation by strata. In selected census block unit, the same households were interviewed as in the basic survey in 2002. The planned sample of Family Income Support recipients in 2002 and Roma from Roma settlements in 2003 was 500 households for each group.

Sample type: In both national surveys the implemented sample was a two-stage stratified sample. Units of the first stage were enumeration districts, and units of the second stage were the households. In the basic 2002 survey, enumeration districts were selected with probability proportional to number of households, so that the enumeration districts with bigger number of households have a higher probability of selection. In the repeated survey in 2003, first-stage units (census block units) were selected from the basic sample obtained in 2002 by including only even numbered census block units. In practice this meant that every second census block unit from the previous survey was included in the sample. In each selected enumeration district the same households interviewed in the previous round were included and interviewed. On finishing the survey in 2003 the cases were merged both on the level of households and members.

Stratification: Municipalities are stratified into the following six territorial strata: Vojvodina, Belgrade, Western Serbia, Central Serbia (Šumadija and Pomoravlje), Eastern Serbia and South-east Serbia. Primary units of selection are further stratified into enumeration districts which belong to urban type of settlements and enumeration districts which belong to rural type of settlement.

The sample of Family Income Support recipients represented the cases chosen randomly from the official list of recipients provided by Ministry of Social Affairs. The sample of Roma from Roma settlements was, as in the national survey, a two-staged stratified sample, but the units in the first stage were settlements where Roma population was represented in the percentage over 7%, and the units of the second stage were Roma households. Settlements are stratified in three territorial strata: Vojvodina, Beograd and Central Serbia.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

In all surveys the same questionnaire with minimal changes was used. It included different modules, topically separate areas which had an aim of perceiving the living standard of households from different angles. Topic areas were the following: 1. Roster with demography. 2. Housing conditions and durables module with information on the age of durables owned by a household with a special block focused on collecting information on energy billing, payments, and usage. 3. Diary of food expenditures (weekly), including home production, gifts and transfers in kind. 4. Questionnaire of main expenditure-based recall periods sufficient to enable construction of annual consumption at the household level, including home production, gifts and transfers in kind. 5. Agricultural production for all households which cultivate 10+ acres of land or who breed cattle. 6. Participation and social transfers module with detailed breakdown by programs 7. Labour Market module in line with a simplified version of the Labour Force Survey (LFS), with special additional questions to capture various informal sector activities, and providing information on earnings 8. Health with a focus on utilization of services and expenditures (including informal payments) 9. Education module, which incorporated pre-school, compulsory primary education, secondary education and university education. 10. Special income block, focusing on sources of income not covered in other parts (with a focus on remittances).

Response rate

During field work, interviewers kept a precise diary of interviews, recording both successful and unsuccessful visits. Particular attention was paid to reasons why some households were not interviewed. Separate marks were given for households which were not interviewed due to refusal and for cases when a given household could not be found on the territory of the chosen census block.

In 2002 a total of 7,491 households were contacted. Of this number a total of 6,386 households in 621 census rounds were interviewed. Interviewers did not manage to collect the data for 1,106 or 14.8% of selected households. Out of this number 634 households

Montenegro ME: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: South Asia data was reported at 0.972 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.769 % for 2015. Montenegro ME: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: South Asia data is updated yearly, averaging 0.525 % from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2016, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.972 % in 2016 and a record low of 0.249 % in 2006. Montenegro ME: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: South Asia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Montenegro – Table ME.World Bank: Imports. Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in South Asia are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from low- and middle-income economies in the South Asia region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Montenegro ME: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Outside Region data was reported at 7.997 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 6.276 % for 2015. Montenegro ME: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Outside Region data is updated yearly, averaging 1.709 % from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2016, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7.997 % in 2016 and a record low of 0.304 % in 2007. Montenegro ME: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Outside Region data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Montenegro – Table ME.World Bank.WDI: Exports. Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies outside region are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to other low- and middle-income economies in other World Bank regions according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Abstract

The Household Budget Survey (HBS) collects data on cash expenses of households for food, clothes and footwear, rent, fuel and lightening, health care, education, traffic, hygiene, culture, etc. It also gathers information on household income, dwelling conditions, as well as data on the level of supply with durable consumer goods.

The Household Budget Survey is used for: - analysis of structural changes in consumption resulting from changes in economy; - construction of poverty line on the basis of which is determined the level of social assistance; - calculating personal consumption of the population in National Accounts, as well as for calculating the consumers' prices index; - calculation of quantity or value of consumption of specific products and services.

Two hundred households are interviewed every 15 days, resulting in 4,800 households annually. The data is collected using two methods: diary keeping and face-to-face interviews. A household keeps an individual consumption diary for fifteen days, documenting items and services of individual consumption. In interviews, the reference period for durable goods is twelve months, for semi-durable goods is three months, and for income, agriculture, hunting and fishing is three months.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

A survey unit is a single- or several-member household, selected according to the sample plan.

Household members are the following persons: - Pupils and students are considered members of a household, regardless the time spent outside his/her household (schools, universities); - Household members, temporarily absent (persons in compulsory military service, serving the sentence in prison less than a year) are included in the survey; - Daily or weekly migrants, persons who work or go to school in other place in the country or abroad and have economic relations with household (with no household there) where they stay more than a month during a year, are also considered as household members and temporarily absent persons; - Persons who stay longer in other place in the country or abroad (a year and more), but rarely come or absolutely don’t come to the place of resident place are considered as long-term absents and are excluded from the survey; - Subtenants (lodgers) who live in same dwelling or house with household, but do not eat together with household members, are not included into members of that household, but are separate household with residence on that address and are surveyed as separate household in that housing unit.

Universe

The survey covers all private households in Serbia and Montenegro. Household Budget Survey does not cover collective households (hospitals, prisons, monasteries, boarding schools and similar). But, if the person stays in a collective household for less than six month, then he or she is included the survey.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

A two-stage stratified sample is used in the survey, with enumerative districts as primary units and households as secondary ones.

Basic geographical strata are Central Serbia (without Belgrade), Belgrade and Vojvodina. Primary units (enumerative districts) were classified according to the 1991 Census into two contingents - urban (city) and rural (village) depending on the type of settlement they belonged to.

Every fifteen days 40 enumerated districts have been chosen (200 households). Last stratification step (determined by number of households) is grouping of primary units by size. For each formed contingent of the enumerated districts, relevant primary units have been arranged according to number of households. Thus, two size strata with same or approximate total number of households were formed. Sample allocation of primary units by geographical strata that is, by areas - urban and rural, is proportional to the number of observation units in those contingents. Enumerative districts with at least 30 households in the urban area, and those with at least 15 households in rural area were used for determining the scope for primary units selection.

Primary units (enumerative districts) were selected within the sample with likelihood of selection proportional to the number of households within them. Within the selected primary units, by simple random selection, five households were selected. The substitution of households is not predicted. New households, formed within the chosen household in the same housing unit have been surveyed, too.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Researchers collect data with the help of face-to-face interviews and diaries that are kept by household members.

Diaries gather expenditure information on the following items: - food; - alcohol, tobacco; - other household non-durables (such as newspapers, batteries); - clothing, footwear; - other personal non-durables (such as perfume); - household services (for example, plumbing services); - personal services (such as driving lessons, haircuts); - all items except durables.

Questionnaires collect other expenditure data, with the respondent completing the interview by a mix of recall and use of documentation. COICOP classification is used to code expenditure items.

Montenegro ME: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: South Asia data was reported at 0.947 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.025 % for 2015. Montenegro ME: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: South Asia data is updated yearly, averaging 0.019 % from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2016, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.025 % in 2015 and a record low of 0.000 % in 2010. Montenegro ME: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: South Asia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Montenegro – Table ME.World Bank: Exports. Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in South Asia are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to low- and middle-income economies in the South Asia region according to World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Montenegro ME: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Europe & Central Asia data was reported at 47.025 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 51.546 % for 2015. Montenegro ME: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Europe & Central Asia data is updated yearly, averaging 47.025 % from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2016, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 69.800 % in 2013 and a record low of 29.630 % in 2007. Montenegro ME: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Europe & Central Asia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Montenegro – Table ME.World Bank: Exports. Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Europe and Central Asia are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to low- and middle-income economies in the Europe and Central Asia region according to World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Montenegro ME: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: East Asia & Pacific data was reported at 6.031 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.945 % for 2015. Montenegro ME: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: East Asia & Pacific data is updated yearly, averaging 0.373 % from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2016, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6.031 % in 2016 and a record low of 0.000 % in 2006. Montenegro ME: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: East Asia & Pacific data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Montenegro – Table ME.World Bank: Exports. Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in East Asia and Pacific are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to low- and middle-income economies in the East Asia and Pacific region according to World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Montenegro ME: Imports: High-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports data was reported at 45.456 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 37.337 % for 2015. Montenegro ME: Imports: High-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports data is updated yearly, averaging 42.094 % from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2016, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 54.867 % in 2007 and a record low of 37.337 % in 2015. Montenegro ME: Imports: High-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Montenegro – Table ME.World Bank.WDI: Imports. Merchandise imports from high-income economies are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from high-income economies according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Montenegro ME: Exports: High-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports data was reported at 40.727 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 37.615 % for 2015. Montenegro ME: Exports: High-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports data is updated yearly, averaging 51.091 % from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2016, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 69.745 % in 2007 and a record low of 26.624 % in 2014. Montenegro ME: Exports: High-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Montenegro – Table ME.World Bank.WDI: Exports. Merchandise exports to high-income economies are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to high-income economies according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Montenegro ME: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Outside Region data was reported at 12.884 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 14.126 % for 2015. Montenegro ME: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Outside Region data is updated yearly, averaging 9.815 % from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2016, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 14.126 % in 2015 and a record low of 6.070 % in 2006. Montenegro ME: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Outside Region data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Montenegro – Table ME.World Bank: Imports. Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies outside region are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from other low- and middle-income economies in other World Bank regions according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Montenegro ME: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Latin America & The Caribbean data was reported at 0.133 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.001 % for 2015. Montenegro ME: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Latin America & The Caribbean data is updated yearly, averaging 0.025 % from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2016, with 10 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.133 % in 2016 and a record low of 0.001 % in 2015. Montenegro ME: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Latin America & The Caribbean data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Montenegro – Table ME.World Bank: Exports. Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Latin America and the Caribbean are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to low- and middle-income economies in the Latin America and the Caribbean region according to World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Montenegro ME: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Sub-Saharan Africa data was reported at 0.070 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.040 % for 2015. Montenegro ME: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Sub-Saharan Africa data is updated yearly, averaging 0.044 % from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2016, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.109 % in 2013 and a record low of 0.011 % in 2011. Montenegro ME: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Sub-Saharan Africa data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Montenegro – Table ME.World Bank: Exports. Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Sub-Saharan Africa are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to low- and middle-income economies in the Sub-Saharan Africa region according to World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Montenegro ME: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Middle East & North Africa data was reported at 0.817 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.265 % for 2015. Montenegro ME: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Middle East & North Africa data is updated yearly, averaging 0.817 % from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2016, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.265 % in 2015 and a record low of 0.183 % in 2007. Montenegro ME: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Middle East & North Africa data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Montenegro – Table ME.World Bank: Exports. Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Middle East and North Africa are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to low- and middle-income economies in the Middle East and North Africa region according to World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Montenegro ME: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: East Asia & Pacific data was reported at 10.385 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 11.725 % for 2015. Montenegro ME: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: East Asia & Pacific data is updated yearly, averaging 6.589 % from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2016, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11.725 % in 2015 and a record low of 4.482 % in 2006. Montenegro ME: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: East Asia & Pacific data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Montenegro – Table ME.World Bank: Imports. Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in East Asia and Pacific are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from low- and middle-income economies in the East Asia and Pacific region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Montenegro ME: Exports: % of Total Goods Exports: Residual data was reported at 4.252 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 4.563 % for 2015. Montenegro ME: Exports: % of Total Goods Exports: Residual data is updated yearly, averaging 0.149 % from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2016, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.563 % in 2015 and a record low of 0.004 % in 2006. Montenegro ME: Exports: % of Total Goods Exports: Residual data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Montenegro – Table ME.World Bank.WDI: Exports. Merchandise exports by the reporting economy residuals are the total merchandise exports by the reporting economy to the rest of the world as reported in the IMF's Direction of trade database, less the sum of exports by the reporting economy to high-, low-, and middle-income economies according to the World Bank classification of economies. Includes trade with unspecified partners or with economies not covered by World Bank classification. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Montenegro ME: Imports: % of Total Goods Imports: Residual data was reported at 1.327 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.544 % for 2015. Montenegro ME: Imports: % of Total Goods Imports: Residual data is updated yearly, averaging 0.198 % from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2016, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.107 % in 2010 and a record low of 0.014 % in 2006. Montenegro ME: Imports: % of Total Goods Imports: Residual data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Montenegro – Table ME.World Bank.WDI: Imports. Merchandise imports by the reporting economy residuals are the total merchandise imports by the reporting economy from the rest of the world as reported in the IMF's Direction of trade database, less the sum of imports by the reporting economy from high-, low-, and middle-income economies according to the World Bank classification of economies. Includes trade with unspecified partners or with economies not covered by World Bank classification. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Ireland Foreign Direct Investment Income: Outward: Total: Serbia and Montenegro data was reported at 0.000 EUR mn in 2023. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 EUR mn for 2022. Ireland Foreign Direct Investment Income: Outward: Total: Serbia and Montenegro data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 EUR mn from Dec 2013 (Median) to 2023, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 EUR mn in 2023 and a record low of 0.000 EUR mn in 2023. Ireland Foreign Direct Investment Income: Outward: Total: Serbia and Montenegro data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.FDI: Foreign Direct Investment Income: by Region and Country: OECD Member: Annual. Reverse investment: Netting of reverse investment in equity (when a direct investment enterprise acquires less than 10% equity ownership in its parent) and reverse investment in debt (when a direct investment enterprise extends a loan to its parent) is applied in the recording of total inward and outward FDI transactions and positions. Treatment of debt FDI transactions and positions between fellow enterprises: directional basis according to the residency of the ultimate controlling parent (extended directional principle). FDI transactions and positions by partner country and/or by industry are available excluding and including resident Special Purpose Entities (SPEs). The dataset 'FDI statistics by parner country and by industry - Summary' contains series including resident SPEs only. Valuation method used for listed inward and outward equity positions: Market value, Own funds at book value. Valuation method used for unlisted inward and outward equity positions: Own funds at book value. Valuation method used for inward and outward debt positions: Market value .; FDI statistics are available by geographic allocation, vis-à-vis single partner countries worldwide and geographical and economic zones aggregates. Partner country allocation can be subject to confidentiality restrictions. Geographic allocation of inward and outward FDI transactions and positions is according to the immediate counterparty. Intercompany debt between related financial intermediaries, including permanent debt, are not excluded from FDI transactions and positions. Direct investment relationships are identified according to the criteria of the Framework for Direct Investment Relationships (FDIR) method. Debt between fellow enterprises are completely covered. Collective investment institutions are not covered as direct investment enterprises. Non-profit institutions serving households are covered as direct investors. FDI statistics are available by industry sectors according to ISIC4 classification. Industry sector allocation can be subject to confidentiality restrictions. Inward FDI transactions and positions are allocated to the activity of the resident direct investment enterprise. Outward FDI transactions and positions are allocated according to the activity of the resident direct investor. Statistical unit: Enterprise.