In 2021, French was the first language spoken by over 71 percent of the population of Montréal, Québec in Canada. 20.4 percent of the city's residents had English as their first language, 6.7 percent used both English and French as their primary language, and 1.6 percent of the population spoke another language. That same year, 46.4 percent of people living in the province of Québec could speak both English and French.

In 2021, most of the population of the city of Montreal, located in the Canadian province of Quebec, could speak both English and French. In fact, approximately 1.23 million men and 1.68 million women were bilingual. Of those who spoke only one of the official languages, the majority (1.43 million people) spoke only French. In addition, more than 68,400 people did not know either language, with women outnumbering men.

According to the Canadian government, approximately 2.54 million people residing in Montreal, in the province of Quebec, had French as their mother tongue in 2021. About 474,730 of them had English, the second official language, as their birth language. However, there were more people that year ( 522,255) whose mother tongue was an Indo-European language, such as German, Russian or Polish.

Data on the first official language spoken of the population of Canada and Canada outside Quebec, and of all provinces and territories, for Census years 1971 to 2016.

The Quebec general election was held on October 3, 2022 in Canada, to elect the 125 members of the 43rd legislature to the Quebec National Assembly. When asked a month before the election, 18 percent of residents of Montreal and Laval (a suburb of Montreal) considered language and Bill 96 to be the main issue in the campaign. The issue was most important to those whose mother tongue was English (32 percent).

Bill 96 is an act relating to the official language of Quebec, which came into effect in 2022, and aims to make French the only official and common language in Quebec.

This ZIP file contains an IVT file.

25% sample data.

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: There is growing concern about understanding how sociodemographic variables may interfere with cognitive functioning, especially with regard to language. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between performance in the Brazilian version of the Montreal-Toulouse language assessment battery (MTL-BR) and education, age and frequency of reading and writing habits (FRWH).DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study conducted in university and work environments in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.METHOD: The MTL-BR was administered to a group of 233 healthy adults, aged 19 to 75 years (mean = 45.04, standard deviation, SD = 15.47), with at least five years of formal education (mean = 11.47, SD = 4.77).RESULTS: A stepwise multiple linear regression model showed that, for most tasks, the number of years of education, age and FRWH were better predictors of performance when analyzed together rather than separately. In separate analysis, education was the best predictor of performance in language tasks, especially those involving reading and writing abilities.CONCLUSION: The results suggested that the number of years of education, age and FRWH seem to influence performance in the MTL-BR, especially education. These data are important for making diagnoses of greater precision among patients suffering from brain injuries, with the aim of avoiding false positives.

20% sample data.

Guest lecture given at the University of Montreal (Université de Montréal, UdeM) 29 September, 2016. I render the notion and typological validity of the so called Second-Position Phenomena, i.e. principles of linearization sensitive to the distance from the clausal (or phrasal) left edge rather than to the type of the preceding syntactic category. In my talk, I discuss the interactions of clitic studies with word order typology and render the notions of clitic-external and clitic-internal ordering. Clitics clusterize in clausal-internal positions, not in clausal-edge positions. There exist at least 4 different types of word order systems with clustering clitics: W-systems, W+-systems, W*-systems and V-systems. Clitic-second languages (CL2 languages) and Verb-second languages (V2 languages) make up a class of 2P languages, cf. Roberts (2012) and Zimmerling (2015ab). Languages with endoclitics do not represent any shared syntactic system.

Over the past fifty years, the proportion of Quebecers speaking both English and French has increased steadily, from 27.6 percent in 1971 to almost half the population (46.4 percent) in 2021. The rate of English-French bilingualism, on the other hand, has declined in the rest of the country: outside Quebec, just over ten percent of people were bilingual in English and French in 2001, compared to 9.5 percent two decades later.

This repository provides word-level alignments for the Kathbath dataset [1], a multilingual speech corpus containing approximately 1500 hours of audio across 11 Indian languages.

The alignments were generated using the Montreal Forced Aligner (MFA) with pre-trained acoustic models specific to each language. To simplify reproducibility and save you the effort of running MFA yourself, we are releasing these alignments as part of our experimental setup.

If you find these alignments or any other aspect of our work useful, please consider citing the following paper:

• Anup Singh, Kris Demuynck, and Vipul Arora, "Language-Agnostic Speech Tokenizer for Spoken Term Detection with
  Efficient Retrieval", Interspeech 2025.

[1] IndicSUPERB: A Speech Processing Universal Performance Benchmark for Indian languages

Data Structure:

This ZIP file contains an IVT file.

This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predominantly social and political issues. The questions ask opinions on who of the present candidates would make the best prime minister, the treatment and perception of AIDS and what Canada's most urgent health problem is. There are also questions on other topics of interest such as illegal immigrants to Canada, attitudes toward two of Canada's major cities, Toronto and Montreal, and the content of respondents' daydreams. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic, political and social variables. Topics of interest include: attitudes toward Toronto and Montreal; opinions and perceptions of AIDS; urgent health issues; ratings of party leaders Mulroney, Turner and Broadbent; the Canadian Senate; free trade; illegal immigrants to Canada; learning a second language; english taught in Quebec; daydreams' content; and the Canadian parole system. Basic demographic variables are also included.

ABSTRACT To verify the effect of word retrieval therapy on a patient with expressive aphasia. A forty-seven year-old, male, with 8 years of schooling, with complaints about not saying words after two ischemic stroke on the left hemisphere, participated in this study. The Montreal-Toulouse-Language Assessment Battery (MTL-BR), Brief Neuropsychological Assessment Instrument (NEUPSILIN-Af), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Functional Assessment Communication Skills scale (ASHA-FACS) were used pre- and post-therapy. A baseline test with 50 words, 25 nouns and 25 verbs was applied to obtain data regarding naming ability. The sessions occurred twice a week, for 50 minutes. The intervention was based on a set of 25 images of nouns and verbs, in oral and written modalities during six sessions, for each category. On the three final sessions, 10 figures of nouns and 10 figures of verbs were added in sentences. In the post-therapy, the final baseline showed an increase in vocabulary of nouns and verbs. In the pos-intervention evaluation, the patient had an improvement in some tasks of MTL-BR battery, NEUPSILIN-Af tasks. Improvement in the social communication and daily planning aspects were reported in the ASHA-FACS. In conclusion, the word retrieval therapy was effective in this case, because there was an increase of the vocabulary and improvement in several linguistic, communicative and cognitive aspects.