In 2024, United Wholesale Mortgage had the most mortgage loan originations, making it the most active lender that year, with approximately *** million mortgages originated. Besides by number of originations, United Wholesale Mortgage led by origination volume. Rocket Mortgage came second in the ranking with about *** million mortgages.

Mortgage Originations in the United States increased to 512.15 Billion USD in the third quarter of 2025 from 458.28 Billion USD in the second quarter of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for the United States Mortgage Originations.

Retail lenders accounted for the largest share of mortgage originations in the United States in 2023. Mortgages worth approximately *** billion U.S. dollars were originated by retail lenders, while for brokers, who only helps borrowers find a lender, this figure amounted to *** billion U.S. dollars. Correspondents, a lender type that originates and funds loans but sells them to investors, originated *** billion U.S. dollars in mortgages.

Mortgage lending information comes from the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council's (FFIEC) Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) data. Loan originations are the creation of a loan after bank approval. Loan origination rates are calculated from the number of loan applications that were either approved or denied—what is termed as decisioned applications. For all charts, the loan’s purpose can be selected via a dropdown list. Trends are summarized by all loan purposes and by Loans for home purchase, home improvement, or refinancing.

In 2024, United Wholesale Mortgage was the company with the largest market share based on the value of mortgage originations for home purchase. The company was responsible for *** percent of the home purchase market in that year, slightly higher than the market share of the second lender in the ranking, PennyMac Financial. The aggregate market share of the top five lenders totaled approximately **** percent. The mortgage market has suffered a decline in new business since 2021, mostly attributed to refinancing loans plummeting due to the higher mortgage interest rates. Nevertheless, the market is forecast to pick up in 2026, as interest rates decline.

The U.S. mortgage market has declined notably since 2020 and 2021, mostly due to the effect of higher borrowing costs on refinance mortgages. The value of refinancing mortgage originations amounted to 112 billion U.S. dollars in the first quarter of 2025, down from a peak of 851 billion U.S. dollars in the fourth quarter of 2020. The value of mortgage loans for the purchase of a property recorded milder fluctuations, with a value of 272 billion U.S. dollars in the first quarter of 2025. According to the forecast, mortgage lending is expected to slightly increase until the end of 2026. The cost of mortgage borrowing in the U.S. Mortgage interest rates in the U.S. rose dramatically in 2022, peaking in the final quarter of 2024. In 2020, a homebuyer could lock in a 30-year fixed interest rate of under three percent, whereas in 2024, the average rate for the same mortgage type exceeded 6.6 percent. This has led to a decline in homebuyer sentiment and an increasing share of the population pessimistic about buying a home in the current market. The effect of a slower housing market on property prices and rents According to the S&P/Case Shiller U.S. National Home Price Index, housing prices experienced a slight correction in early 2023, as property transactions declined. Nevertheless, the index continued to grow in the following months. On the other hand, residential rents have increased steadily since 2000.

Quarterly non-bank residential mortgages extended by type of increase and new funds advanced by term to maturity, by insurance status, by lender type and number of mortgages, displayed in thousands of dollars, unless otherwise specified.

The Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 (CRA) requires depository institutions to help meet the credit needs of their communities, including low- and moderate-income neighborhoods, consistent with safe and sound lending practices. Despite the clear focus of CRA and other fair credit and housing legislation on individual lender responsibilities, consumer finance studies generally do not concede any differences in the mortgage lending activities of individual lenders; they consider variance among either individuals or neighborhoods. Virtually all of the studies draw inferences about the practices of some prototypical lender from data pooled across many lenders. Our strategy is to examine differences among individual lenders in the rates at which they receive applications from, and originate mortgage loans to, minority and low-income applicants. More specifically, we use the new applicant-level data gathered under the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act of 1975 -A) to examine differences in minority and low-income mortgage loan originations across the more than 8,600 U.S. lenders who received applications for single-family home purchase loans in 1990. We then allocate the variance in lender-specific credit originations into two components: differences among lenders in their application volumes from various population groups, and differences among lenders in the actions taken on applications they receive. Both the applications and their disposition are then examined further for lender differences.

Mortgage Lender Market size was valued at USD 13 Billion in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 46.5 Billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 19.07% from 2026 to 2032.

Key Market Drivers:

Rising Demand for Homeownership: As populations grow, particularly in developing nations, there is a greater desire for ownership. This opens up a bigger pool of potential borrowers for mortgage lenders.

Low interest rates: promote homeownership by making mortgages more affordable. This can result in more loan applications and originations for lenders.

Government Incentives: Government programs and subsidies can make homeownership more affordable, especially for first-time purchasers. This increases demand for mortgages, benefiting lenders.

Technological advancements: include automated loan processing, internet applications, and digital document management, which streamline the mortgage financing process. This increases efficiency, lowers expenses, and attracts a technologically aware generation of borrowers.

In 2024, United Wholesale Mortgage was the firm with the highest value of home purchase mortgage originations. The company was responsible for home buying loans worth **** billion U.S. dollars that year. The mortgage market has suffered a decline in new business since 2021, mostly attributed to refinancing loans plummeting due to the higher mortgage interest rates. Nevertheless, the market is forecast to pick up in 2026, as interest rates decline.

This layer was developed by the Research & Analytics Group of the Atlanta Regional Commission, using Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) data to show mortgage loan applications, originations, denials, and amounts, for 2016, by census tract in the Atlanta Region.

Attributes:

GEOID10 = 2010 Census tract identifier (combination of FIPS codes for state, county, and tract)

County = County identifier (combination of Federal Information Processing Series (FIPS) codes for state and county)

Area_Name = 2010 Census tract number and county name

Total_Population_ACS_2016 = # Total population estimate, 2016 (American Community Survey)

Total_Population_ACS_MOE_2016 = # Total population estimate (Margin of Error), 2016 (American Community Survey)

Planning_Region = Planning region designation for ARC purposes

AcresLand = Land area within the tract (in acres)

AcresWater = Water area within the tract (in acres)

AcresTotal = Total area within the tract (in acres)

SqMi_Land = Land area within the tract (in square miles)

SqMi_Water = Water area within the tract (in square miles)

SqMi_Total = Total area within the tract (in square miles)

TRACTCE10 = Census tract Federal Information Processing Series (FIPS) code. Census tracts are identified by an up to four-digit integer number and may have an optional two-digit suffix; for example 1457.02 or 23. The census tract codes consist of six digits with an implied decimal between the fourth and fifth digit corresponding to the basic census tract number but with leading zeroes and trailing zeroes for census tracts without a suffix. The tract number examples above would have codes of 145702 and 002300, respectively.

CountyName = County Name

ALL_LOAN_APPS_2016 = All Loan Applications, 2016

ALL_LOAN_ORIG_2016 = All Loan Originations, 2016

ALL_LOAN_DENIALS_2016 = All Loan Denials, 2016

HOME_PURCH_LOAN_APPS_2016 = Home Purchase Loan Applications, 2016

HOME_PURCH_LOAN_ORIG_2016 = Home Purchase Loan Originations, 2016

HOME_PURCH_LOAN_DENIALS_2016 = Home Purchase Loan Denials, 2016

HOME_REFI_LOAN_APPS_2016 = Home Refinancing Loan Applications, 2016

HOME_REFI_LOAN_ORIG_2016 = Home Refinancing Loan Originations, 2016

HOME_REFI_LOAN_DENIALS_2016 = Home Refinancing Loan Denials, 2016

MED_AMT_LOAN_APLD_1K = Median Amount of Loan Applied for, $1k, 2016

MED_AMT_LOAN_ORIG_1K = Median Amount of Loan Originated, $1k, 2016

MED_AMT_LOAN_DEND_1K = Median Amount of Loan Denied, $1k, 2016

MED_AMT_HOME_PURCH_LOAN_APLD_1K = Median Amount of Home Purchase Loan Applied for, $1k, 2016

MED_AMT_HOME_PURCH_LOAN_ORIG_1K = Median Amount of Home Purchase Loan Originated, $1k, 2016

MED_AMT_HOME_PURCH_LOAN_DEND_1K = Median Amount of Home Purchase Loan Denied, $1k, 2016

MED_AMT_HOME_REFI_LOAN_APLD_1K = Median Amount of Home Refinancing Loan Applied for, $1k, 2016

MED_AMT_HOME_REFI_LOAN_ORIG_1K = Median Amount of Home Refinancing Loan Originated, $1k, 2016

MED_AMT_HOME_REFI_LOAN_DEND_1K = Median Amount of Home Refinancing Loan Denied, $1k, 2016

MED_INCOME_FOR_LOAN_APLD_1K = Median Applicant Income for Loan Applied for, $1k, 2016

MED_INCOME_FOR_LOAN_ORIG_1K = Median Applicant Income for Loan Originated, $1k, 2016

MED_INCOME_FOR_LOAN_DEND_1K = Median Applicant Income for Loan Denied, $1k, 2016

MED_INCOME_PURCH_LOAN_APLD_1K = Median Applicant Income for Home Purchase Loan Applied for, $1k, 2016

MED_INCOME_PURCH_LOAN_ORIG_1K = Median Applicant Income for Home Purchase Loan Originated, $1k, 2016

MED_INCOME_PURCH_LOAN_DEND_1K = Median Applicant Income for Home Purchase Loan Denied, $1k, 2016

MED_INCOME_REFI_LOAN_APLD_1K = Median Applicant Income for Home Refinancing Loan Applied for, $1k, 2016

MED_INCOME_REFI_LOAN_ORIG_1K = Median Applicant Income for Home Refinancing Loan Originated, $1k, 2016

MED_INCOME_REFI_LOAN_DEND_1K = Median Applicant Income for Home Refinancing Loan Denied, $1k, 2016

LOANS_ORIG_PER_SQ_MI_2016 = Loans Originated per Square Mile, 2016

HOME_PURCH_LOANS_ORIG_SQMI_2016 = Loans Originated for Home Purchase per Square Mile, 2016

HOME_REFI_LOANS_ORIG_SQMI_2016 = Loans Originated for Home Refinancing per Square Mile, 2016

PCT_LOAN_APPS_ORIG_2016 = % of Loan Applications Originated, 2016

PCT_HOME_PURCH_LN_APPS_ORG_2016 = % of Home Purchase Loan Applications Originated, 2016

PCT_HOME_REFI_LN_APPS_ORG_2016 = % of Home Refinancing Loan Applications Originated, 2016

Chg_Loans_Orig_2012_16 = Change in Loan Originations, 2012-2016

Chg_Purch_Loans_Orig_2012_16 = Change in Loan Originations for Home Purchase, 2012-2016

Chg_Refi_Loans_Orig_2012_16 = Change in Loan Originations for Home Refinancing, 2012-2016

Chg_Loans_Orig_SqMi_2012_16 = Change in Loans Originated per Square Mile, 2012-2016

Chg_PurLoans_Orig_SqMi_2012_16 = Change in Loans Originated for Home Purchase per Square Mile, 2012-2016

Chg_RefLoans_Orig_SqMi_2012_16 = Change in Loans Originated for Home Refinancing per Square Mile, 2012-2016

ChgPct_Loan_Apps_Orig_2012_16 = Change in % of Loan Applications Originated, 2012-2016

ChgPct_PurLoan_AppsOrig_2012_16 = Change in % of Home Purchase Loan Applications Originated, 2012-2016

ChgPct_RefLoan_AppsOrig_2012_16 = Change in % of Home Refinancing Loan Applications Originated, 2012-2016

Chg_Loans_Orig_2015_16 = Change in Loan Originations, 2015-2016

Chg_Purch_Loans_Orig_2015_16 = Change in Loan Originations for Home Purchase, 2015-2016

Chg_Refi_Loans_Orig_2015_16 = Change in Loan Originations for Home Refinancing, 2015-2016

Chg_Loans_Orig_SqMi_2015_16 = Change in Loans Originated per Square Mile, 2015-2016

Chg_PurLoans_Orig_SqMi_2015_16 = Change in Loans Originated for Home Purchase per Square Mile, 2015-2016

Chg_RefLoans_Orig_SqMi_2015_16 = Change in Loans Originated for Home Refinancing per Square Mile, 2015-2016

ChgPct_Loan_Apps_Orig_2015_16 = Change in % of Loan Applications Originated, 2015-2016

ChgPct_PurLoan_AppsOrig_2015_16 = Change in % of Home Purchase Loan Applications Originated, 2015-2016

ChgPct_RefLoan_AppsOrig_2015_16 = Change in % of Home Refinancing Loan Applications Originated, 2015-2016

last_edited_date = Last date the feature was edited by ARC

Source: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA), Atlanta Regional Commission

Date: 2016

For additional information, please visit the Atlanta Regional Commission at www.atlantaregional.com.

Commercial mortgage lending in the United States slowed down in 2022, after surging in 2021. Since 2023, origination has started to recover, with the index increasing for all property types. Industrial real estate experienced the highest index value, at ***** index points in the fourth quarter of 2024. Multifamily and hotel real estate ranked second and third, with *** and *** index points, respectively. The Commercial/Multifamily Mortgage Bankers Originations Index shows the development of mortgage originations since 2001, which was chosen as a base year with an index value of 100. As of the fourth quarter of 2024, the index value for industrial real estate was 1404 index points - the highest among all property types and a fourteen-fold increase since 2001.

Abstract (en): The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA): Loan Application Register (LAR) and Transmittal Sheet (TS) Raw Data, 2011 contains information collected in calendar year 2010. The HMDA, enacted by Congress in 1975, requires most mortgage lenders located in metropolitan areas to report data about their housing-related lending activity. The HMDA data were collected from 7,923 lending institutions and cover approximately 16.3 million home purchase and home improvement loans and refinancings, including loan originations, loan purchases, and applications that were denied, incomplete, or withdrawn. The Private Mortgage Insurance Companies (PMIC) data refer to applications for mortgage insurance to insure home purchase mortgages and to insure mortgages to refinance existing obligations. Part 1, HMDA Transmittal Sheet (TS), and Part 4, PMIC Transmittal Sheet (TS), include information submitted by reporting institutions with the Loan Application Register (LAR), such as the reporting institution's name, address, and Tax ID. Part 2, HMDA Reporter Panel, and Part 5, PMIC Reporter Panel, contain information on all institutions that reported data for activity year 2010. Part 3, HMDA MSA Offices, and Part 6, PMIC MSA Offices, contain information on all metropolitan statistical areas in the data. Parts 7 through 799 contain HMDA and PMIC Loan Application Register (LAR) files at the national level, at the agency level, and by MSA/MD. With some exceptions, for each transaction the institution reported data about the loan (or application), such as the type and amount of the loan made (or applied for) and, in limited circumstances, its price, the disposition of the application, such as whether it was denied or resulted in an origination of a loan, the property to which the loan relates, such as its type (single-family versus multi-family), and location (including the census tract), the sale of the loan, if it was sold, and the applicant's and co-applicant's ethnicity, race, sex, and income. The data are not weighted and do not contain any weight variables. ICPSR data undergo a confidentiality review and are altered when necessary to limit the risk of disclosure. ICPSR also routinely creates ready-to-go data files along with setups in the major statistical software formats as well as standard codebooks to accompany the data. In addition to these procedures, ICPSR performed the following processing steps for this data collection: Created variable labels and/or value labels.; Checked for undocumented or out-of-range codes.. Home purchase and home improvement loans and refinancings (or applications) lended or insured by financial institutions in the United States that were required to report HMDA data in 2011. Smallest Geographic Unit: city HMDA data were collected from 7,923 depository and nondepository institutions that were required to report HMDA data if they met the law's criteria for coverage. Generally, whether a lender is covered by HMDA depended on the lender's asset size, its location, and whether it is in the business of residential mortgage lending. PMIC data were collected from eight mortgage insurance companies that insured home purchase mortgages and to insure mortgages to refinance existing obligations. For more information about how respondents reported, please refer to A Guide to HMDA Reporting. 2016-07-25 The study title and collection dates have been revised to reflect the 2010 activity year, with data reported in 2011. Filesets 1 through 6 have also been replaced to correct the study year. For datasets 7 through 799, ICPSR is releasing the original deposited data files in the condition they were received, along with SPSS, Stata, and SAS setup files. Additional information about the HMDA can be found at the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act Web site. A glossary of terms used in the data can be found at Home Mortgage Disclosure Act Glossary.

2024 Rank Lender Name Originations Lender Market Share 1 UNITED WHOLESALE MORTGAGE, LLC 10,860 8.65% 2 ROCKET MORTGAGE, LLC 6,006 4.78% 3 CROSSCOUNTRY MORTGAGE, LLC 3,693 2.94% 4 U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION 3,162 2.52% 5 JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION 3,134 2.50% 6 GUARANTEED RATE, INC. 2,603 2.07% 7 WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION 2,414 1.92% 8 CMG MORTGAGE, INC. 2,095 1.67% 9 BANK OF AMERICA, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION 1,990 1.59% 10 CITIBANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION 1,829 1.46%

Total distribution of all mortgage loan applications and shifts between pre- and post-recession periods for our randomly generated sample.

Linear regression estimates (standard deviations) of mortgage loan origination by race/ethnic background of applicants and other individual applicant/application attributes, 2004 and 2010.

During the month of March 2025, the company with the largest share of the reverse mortgage market in the United States was Mutual Of Omaha Mortgage Inc. Its share of **** percent was around ***** percent greater than the market share of Finance Of America Reverse LLC. Reverse mortgage volume increases Mutual Of Omaha Mortgage Inc. was the top lender of Home Equity Conversion Mortgages (HECMs) in 2023, with the highest number of loan originations. In 2023, the company, which specializes in home equity retirement solutions, closed a total of over ***** HECMs and ended the year as the leading reverse mortgage company in the United States. Despite the overall number of HECMs in the United States dropping dramatically between 2009 and 2019, this trend reversed in the following years, with 2022 recording the highest 10-year figure. Banks withdraw from reverse mortgage market In the past, some of the largest banks in the United States featured in the list of leading reverse mortgage lenders; as of 2024, financial services firm Wells Fargo remained the all-time leading reverse mortgage company in the country. However, banks have exited the reverse mortgage business, and the rankings now feature companies that focus primarily on HECMs. In 2011, Wells Fargo and Bank of America – the two largest providers of HECMs at the time – stopped offering the service because of an unpredictable housing market and the creditworthiness of borrowers.

This table contains 102 series, with data starting from 2013, and some select series starting from 2016. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 item: Canada), Components (51 items: Total, funds advanced, residential mortgages, insured; Variable rate, insured; Fixed rate, insured, less than 1 year; Fixed rate, insured, from 1 to less than 3 years; ...), and Unit of measure (2 items: Dollars; Interest rate). For additional clarification on the component dimension, please visit the OSFI website for the Report on New and Existing Lending.

2024 Rank Lender Name Originations Lender Market Share YoY 1 KIAVI FUNDING, INC. 16,382 5.19% 34.0% 2 UNITED WHOLESALE MORTGAGE, LLC 15,849 5.02% 13.5% 3 ROCKET MORTGAGE, LLC 7,772 2.46% 8.2% 4 LENNAR MORTGAGE, LLC 6,944 2.20% 75.3% 5 CROSSCOUNTRY MORTGAGE, LLC 6,671 2.11% 35.7% 6 LOAN FUNDER LLC 5,375 1.70% 64.4% 7 DHI MORTGAGE COMPANY, LTD. 3,736 1.18% 42.2% 8 THE LOAN STORE, INC. 3,315 1.05% 625.4% 9 RCN CAPITAL, LLC 3,096 0.98% 20.0% 10 PENNYMAC LOAN SERVICES, LLC 2,989 0.95% 14.6%

CLTV Range 0% to 30 30.01% to 60 60.01% to 70 70.01% to 75 75.01% to 80 80.01% to 85 85.01% to 90 90.01% to 95 95.01% to 97 97.01% to 100 100.01% and up Credit Score Range 0% to 30 30.01% to 60 60.01% to 70 70.01% to 75 75.01% to 80 80.01% to 85 85.01% to 90 90.01% to 95 95.01% to 97 97.01% to 100 100.01% and up Total 639 and lower 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% 640 to < 660 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% 660 to < 680 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% 0% 0% 1% 0% 0% 0% 3% 680 to < 700 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% 0% 1% 1% 0% 0% 0% 4% 700 to < 720 0% 1% 0% 0% 1% 0% 1% 2% 1% 0% 0% 7% 720 to < 740 0% 1% 1% 1% 2% 0% 1% 3% 1% 0% 0% 10% 740 to < 760 0% 1% 1% 1% 3% 1% 2% 3% 1% 0% 0% 14% 760 to < 780 0% 2% 2% 2% 5% 1% 2% 4% 1% 0% 0% 19% 780 and greater 1% 7% 4% 4% 11% 2% 4% 6% 1% 0% 0% 41% Total 2% 13% 9% 9% 25% 4% 12% 20% 5% 0% 0% 100.0%