The annual average interest rate on new residential loans in Portugal generally decreased between 2007 and 2023 with some fluctuation in the years before 2012. From 4.78 percent in 2007, the annual average interest rate reduced to 0.83 percent in 2021. In 2022, it dramatically increased to 3.24 percent, reaching 4.12 percent in 2023.

Graph and download economic data for 15-Year Fixed Rate Mortgage Average in the United States (MORTGAGE15US) from 1991-08-30 to 2025-03-20 about 15-year, fixed, mortgage, interest rate, interest, rate, and USA.

The Global Financial Crisis of 2008-09 was a period of severe macroeconomic instability for the United States and the global economy more generally. The crisis was precipitated by the collapse of a number of financial institutions who were deeply involved in the U.S. mortgage market and associated credit markets. Beginning in the Summer of 2007, a number of banks began to report issues with increasing mortgage delinquencies and the problem of not being able to accurately price derivatives contracts which were based on bundles of these U.S. residential mortgages. By the end of 2008, U.S. financial institutions had begun to fail due to their exposure to the housing market, leading to one of the deepest recessions in the history of the United States and to extensive government bailouts of the financial sector.

Subprime and the collapse of the U.S. mortgage market

The early 2000s had seen explosive growth in the U.S. mortgage market, as credit became cheaper due to the Federal Reserve's decision to lower interest rates in the aftermath of the 2001 'Dot Com' Crash, as well as because of the increasing globalization of financial flows which directed funds into U.S. financial markets. Lower mortgage rates gave incentive to financial institutions to begin lending to riskier borrowers, using so-called 'subprime' loans. These were loans to borrowers with poor credit scores, who would not have met the requirements for a conventional mortgage loan. In order to hedge against the risk of these riskier loans, financial institutions began to use complex financial instruments known as derivatives, which bundled mortgage loans together and allowed the risk of default to be sold on to willing investors. This practice was supposed to remove the risk from these loans, by effectively allowing credit institutions to buy insurance against delinquencies. Due to the fraudulent practices of credit ratings agencies, however, the price of these contacts did not reflect the real risk of the loans involved. As the reality of the inability of the borrowers to repay began to kick in during 2007, the financial markets which traded these derivatives came under increasing stress and eventually led to a 'sudden stop' in trading and credit intermediation during 2008.

Market Panic and The Great Recession

As borrowers failed to make repayments, this had a knock-on effect among financial institutions who were highly leveraged with financial instruments based on the mortgage market. Lehman Brothers, one of the world's largest investment banks, failed on September 15th 2008, causing widespread panic in financial markets. Due to the fear of an unprecedented collapse in the financial sector which would have untold consequences for the wider economy, the U.S. government and central bank, The Fed, intervened the following day to bailout the United States' largest insurance company, AIG, and to backstop financial markets. The crisis prompted a deep recession, known colloquially as The Great Recession, drawing parallels between this period and The Great Depression. The collapse of credit intermediation in the economy lead to further issues in the real economy, as business were increasingly unable to pay back loans and were forced to lay off staff, driving unemployment to a high of almost 10 percent in 2010. While there has been criticism of the U.S. government's actions to bailout the financial institutions involved, the actions of the government and the Fed are seen by many as having prevented the crisis from spiraling into a depression of the magnitude of The Great Depression.

The annual average interest rate on new residential loans in Germany generally decreased between 2007 and 2023, with some fluctuation. It declined from 5.09 percent in 2007 to 1.26 percent in 2021. In 2023, it significantly rose to four percent, the highest rate recorded since 2010. Nevertheless, this rate varied for different loan types, with floating mortgage rates being the most expensive as of October 2023.

The annual average interest rate on new residential loans in Croatia declined with fluctuation between 2007 and 2022. From 4.94 percent in 2007, the annual average interest rate of new residential loans increased to 6.36 percent in 2009 before declining to 2.55 percent in 2022.

Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Jiangxi: Jingdezhen data was reported at 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 70.000 % for 06 Oct 2019. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Jiangxi: Jingdezhen data is updated daily, averaging 70.000 % from Jan 2019 (Median) to 07 Oct 2019, with 280 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019 and a record low of 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Jiangxi: Jingdezhen data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MA: Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Prefecture Level City.

The annual average interest rate on new residential loans in Greece fluctuated between 2007 and 2023. Mortgage rates reached their lowest point in 2015, when the average rate stood at 2.62 percent. In 2023, mortgage rates increased dramatically, hitting 4.1 percent - the highest rate recorded since 2012.

Following the drastic increase directly after the COVID-19 pandemic, the delinquency rate started to gradually decline, falling to 3.37 percent in the second quarter of 2023. In the four quarters, the delinquency rate increased slightly, reaching 3.97 percent. That was significantly lower than the 8.22 percent during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in the second quarter of 2020 or the peak of 9.3 percent during the subprime mortgage crisis of 2007-2010. What does the mortgage delinquency rate tell us?The mortgage delinquency rate is the share of the total number of mortgaged home loans in the U.S. where payment is overdue by 30 days or more. Many borrowers are eventually able to service their loan, though, as indicated by the markedly lower foreclosure rates. Total home mortgage debt in the U.S. stood at almost 13 trillion U.S. dollars in 2023. Not all mortgage loans are made equal‘Subprime’ loans, being targeted at high-risk borrowers and generally coupled with higher interest rates to compensate for the risk. These loans have far higher delinquency rates than conventional loans. Defaulting on such loans was one of the triggers for the 2007-2010 financial crisis, with subprime delinquency rates reaching almost 26 percent around this time. These higher delinquency rates translate into higher foreclosure rates, which peaked at just under 15 percent of all subprime mortgages in 2011.

This statistic displays the annual average interest rate on new residential loans in Romania from 2007 to 2019. Since 2009, the annual average interest rate of new residential loans has decreased overall with some fluctuation from a height of nearly 7.2 percent to under 3.5 percent in 2016. As of 2019, the annual average interest rate on new residential loans in Romania was 5.45 percent.

Source: From lending institutions and local authorities
The loan payments dataset stops in 2007.
The figures on fixed interest rate mortgages relate to mortgages which provide that the rate of interest may not be changed, or may only be changed at intervals of not less than one year.
The most current data is published on these sheets. Previously published data may be subject to revision. Any change from the originally published data will be highlighted by a comment on the cell in question. These comments will be maintained for at least a year after the date of the value change.

In 2022, the average expenditure on mortgage interest and charges in the United States amounted to 2,569.55 U.S. dollars per consumer unit. That can be explained by the steady decline in mortgage interest rates before 2021. Since then, mortgage rates have increased, which is likely to affect households' future expenditures.

Loans broken down by interest rate type by year. Published by Department of Housing, Local Government, and Heritage. Available under the license Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike 4.0 (CC-BY-SA-4.0).Source: From lending institutions and local authorities
The loan payments dataset stops in 2007.
The figures on fixed interest rate mortgages relate to mortgages which provide that the rate of interest may not be changed, or may only be changed at intervals of not less than one year.
The most current data is published on these sheets. Previously published data may be subject to revision. Any change from the originally published data will be highlighted by a comment on the cell in question. These comments will be maintained for at least a year after the date of the value change.
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Lending Rate: RUB Mortgage Loans: YB: Quarterly: SF: Republic of Adygea data was reported at 6.700 % pa in Jun 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 7.070 % pa for Mar 2024. Lending Rate: RUB Mortgage Loans: YB: Quarterly: SF: Republic of Adygea data is updated quarterly, averaging 12.610 % pa from Sep 2006 (Median) to Jun 2024, with 72 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 15.000 % pa in Mar 2007 and a record low of 5.010 % pa in Dec 2022. Lending Rate: RUB Mortgage Loans: YB: Quarterly: SF: Republic of Adygea data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank of Russia. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Interest and Foreign Exchange Rates – Table RU.MB010: Lending Rate: RUB Housing Loans: ow Mortgage: by Region: Average from Year Beginning.

Venezuela Investment Banks: Loans: Mortgage data was reported at 26.000 % pa in Oct 2007. This records an increase from the previous number of 25.000 % pa for Jul 2007. Venezuela Investment Banks: Loans: Mortgage data is updated monthly, averaging 28.000 % pa from Jan 2004 (Median) to Oct 2007, with 33 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 41.860 % pa in Mar 2004 and a record low of 23.620 % pa in Dec 2005. Venezuela Investment Banks: Loans: Mortgage data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Venezuela. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Venezuela – Table VE.M005: Investment Bank Rate.

The annual average interest rate on new residential loans in Austria continued to rise in 2023, after increasing for the first time in 2022 following a 10-year period of year-on-year decline. In 2023, the average mortgage rate stood at 3.87 percent, up from 1.2 percent in 2021, when rates were at their historical low. Conversely, in 2008, the interest rate on new loans was 5.32 percent.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.The Family Resources Survey (FRS) has been running continuously since 1992 to meet the information needs of the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP). It is almost wholly funded by DWP. The FRS collects information from a large, and representative sample of private households in the United Kingdom (prior to 2002, it covered Great Britain only). The interview year runs from April to March.The focus of the survey is on income, and how much comes from the many possible sources (such as employee earnings, self-employed earnings or profits from businesses, and dividends; individual pensions; state benefits, including Universal Credit and the State Pension; and other sources such as savings and investments). Specific items of expenditure, such as rent or mortgage, Council Tax and water bills, are also covered.Many other topics are covered and the dataset has a very wide range of personal characteristics, at the adult or child, family and then household levels. These include education, caring, childcare and disability. The dataset also captures material deprivation, household food security and (new for 2021/22) household food bank usage. The FRS is a national statistic whose results are published on the gov.uk website. It is also possible to create your own tables from FRS data, using DWP’s Stat Xplore tool. Further information can be found on the gov.uk Family Resources Survey webpage. Safe Room Access FRS data In addition to the standard End User Licence (EUL) version, Safe Room access datasets, containing unrounded data and additional variables, are also available for FRS from 2005/06 onwards - see SN 7196, where the extra contents are listed. The Safe Room version also includes secure access versions of the Households Below Average Income (HBAI) and Pensioners' Incomes (PI) datasets. The Safe Room access data are currently only available to UK HE/FE applicants and for access at the UK Data Archive's Safe Room at the University of Essex, Colchester. Prospective users of the Safe Room access version of the FRS/HBAI/PI will need to fulfil additional requirements beyond those associated with the EUL datasets. Full details of the application requirements are available from Guidance on applying for the Family Resources Survey: Secure Access.FRS, HBAI and PIThe FRS underpins the related Households Below Average Income (HBAI) dataset, which focuses on poverty in the UK, and the related Pensioners' Incomes (PI) dataset. The EUL versions of HBAI and PI are held under SNs 5828 and 8503 respectively. The secure access versions are held within the Safe Room FRS study under SN 7196 (see above). The FRS aims to: support the monitoring of the social security programme; support the costing and modelling of changes to national insurance contributions and social security benefits; provide better information for the forecasting of benefit expenditure. From April 2002, the FRS was extended to include Northern Ireland. Detailed information regarding anonymisation within the FRS can be found in User Guide 2 of the dataset documentation. Edition History: For the second edition (July 2009), correction was made to variables TOTCAPBU and TOTCAPB2. Edits made to the PENPROV table were reviewed and new edits, based on revised criteria, applied to the dataset (see Penprov note for details). For the third edition (October 2014) the data have been re-grossed following revision of the FRS grossing methodology to take account of the 2011 Census mid-year population estimates. New variable GROSS4 has been added to the dataset. Main Topics: Household characteristics (composition, tenure type); tenure and housing costs including Council Tax, mortgages, insurance, water and sewage rates; welfare/school milk and meals; educational grants and loans; children in education; informal care (given and received); childcare; occupation and employment; health restrictions on work; travel to work; children's health; wage details; self-employed earnings; personal and occupational pension schemes; income and benefit receipt; income from pensions and trusts, royalties and allowances, maintenance and other sources; income tax payments and refunds; National Insurance contributions; earnings from odd jobs; children's earnings; interest and dividends; investments; National Savings products; assets. Standard Measures Standard Occupational Classification Multi-stage stratified random sample Face-to-face interview Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing 2006 2007 ABSENTEEISM ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT ADMINISTRATIVE AREAS AGE APARTMENTS APPLICATION FOR EMP... APPOINTMENT TO JOB ATTITUDES BANK ACCOUNTS BEDROOMS BONDS BUILDING SOCIETY AC... BUSES BUSINESS RECORDS CARE OF DEPENDANTS CARE OF THE DISABLED CARE OF THE ELDERLY CARS CHARITABLE ORGANIZA... CHILD BENEFITS CHILD CARE CHILD DAY CARE CHILD MINDERS CHILD MINDING CHILD SUPPORT PAYMENTS CHILD WORKERS CHILDREN CHRONIC ILLNESS CIVIL PARTNERSHIPS COHABITATION COLOUR TELEVISION R... COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS COMMUTING CONCESSIONARY TELEV... CONSUMPTION COUNCIL TAX CREDIT UNIONS Consumption and con... DAY NURSERIES DEBILITATIVE ILLNESS DEBTS DISABILITIES DISABILITY DISCRIMI... DISABLED CHILDREN DISABLED PERSONS DOMESTIC RESPONSIBI... ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC VALUE EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND EDUCATIONAL FEES EDUCATIONAL GRANTS EDUCATIONAL INSTITU... EDUCATIONAL VOUCHERS ELDERLY EMPLOYEES EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT HISTORY EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMMES ENDOWMENT ASSURANCE ETHNIC GROUPS EXPENDITURE EXTRACURRICULAR ACT... FAMILIES FAMILY MEMBERS FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL RESOURCES FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOOD FREE SCHOOL MEALS FRIENDS FRINGE BENEFITS FULL TIME EMPLOYMENT FURNISHED ACCOMMODA... FURTHER EDUCATION Family life and mar... GENDER GIFTS GRANDPARENTS GRANTS HEADS OF HOUSEHOLD HEALTH HEALTH SERVICES HEARING IMPAIRED PE... HEARING IMPAIRMENTS HIGHER EDUCATION HOLIDAY LEAVE HOME BASED WORK HOME OWNERSHIP HOME SHARING HOURS OF WORK HOUSEHOLD BUDGETS HOUSEHOLD HEAD S OC... HOUSEHOLDS HOUSING HOUSING FACILITIES HOUSING FINANCE HOUSING TENURE INCOME INCOME TAX INDUSTRIES INSURANCE INSURANCE PREMIUMS INTEREST FINANCE INVESTMENT INVESTMENT RETURN Income JOB DESCRIPTION JOB HUNTING JOB SEEKER S ALLOWANCE LANDLORDS LEAVE LOANS LODGERS MANAGERS MARITAL STATUS MARRIED WOMEN MARRIED WOMEN WORKERS MATERNITY LEAVE MATERNITY PAY MEDICAL PRESCRIPTIONS MORTGAGE PROTECTION... MORTGAGES MOTORCYCLES NEIGHBOURS Northern Ireland OCCUPATIONAL PENSIONS OCCUPATIONAL QUALIF... OCCUPATIONS ONE PARENT FAMILIES ONLINE BANKING OVERTIME PARENTS PART TIME COURSES PART TIME EMPLOYMENT PARTNERSHIPS BUSINESS PASSENGERS PATERNITY LEAVE PENSION CONTRIBUTIONS PENSIONS PHYSICALLY DISABLED... PHYSICIANS POVERTY PRIVATE EDUCATION PRIVATE PERSONAL PE... PRIVATE SCHOOLS PROFITS QUALIFICATIONS RATES REBATES REDUNDANCY REDUNDANCY PAY REMOTE BANKING RENTED ACCOMMODATION RENTS RESIDENTIAL MOBILITY RETIREMENT ROOM SHARING ROOMS ROYALTIES SAVINGS SAVINGS ACCOUNTS AN... SCHOLARSHIPS SCHOOL MILK PROVISION SCHOOLCHILDREN SCHOOLS SEASONAL EMPLOYMENT SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOLS SELF EMPLOYED SEWAGE DISPOSAL AND... SHARES SHIFT WORK SICK LEAVE SICK PAY SICK PERSONS SOCIAL CLASS SOCIAL HOUSING SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL SECURITY BEN... SOCIAL SECURITY CON... SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIAL SUPPORT SOCIO ECONOMIC STATUS SPECIAL EDUCATION SPECTACLES SPOUSES STATE EDUCATION STATE HEALTH SERVICES STATE RETIREMENT PE... STUDENT HOUSING STUDENT LOANS STUDENTS STUDY SUBSIDIARY EMPLOYMENT SUPERVISORS SUPERVISORY STATUS Social stratificati... TAXATION TELEPHONES TELEVISION LICENCES TELEVISION RECEIVERS TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT TENANCY AGREEMENTS TENANTS HOME PURCHA... TERMINATION OF SERVICE TIED HOUSING TIME TOP MANAGEMENT TRAINING TRANSPORT FARES TRAVEL CONCESSIONS TRAVEL PASSES UNEARNED INCOME UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS UNFURNISHED ACCOMMO... UNWAGED WORKERS VISION IMPAIRMENTS VISUALLY IMPAIRED P... VOCATIONAL EDUCATIO... VOLUNTARY WORK WAGES WATER RATES WIDOWED WORKING MOTHERS WORKING WOMEN property and invest...

Lending Rate: Foreign Currencies Mortgage Loans: YB: Quarterly: UF: Tumen Region: ow Yamalo Nenetsky Area data was reported at 8.300 % pa in Dec 2013. This records a decrease from the previous number of 8.700 % pa for Dec 2010. Lending Rate: Foreign Currencies Mortgage Loans: YB: Quarterly: UF: Tumen Region: ow Yamalo Nenetsky Area data is updated quarterly, averaging 9.800 % pa from Sep 2006 (Median) to Dec 2013, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12.000 % pa in Mar 2007 and a record low of 8.000 % pa in Dec 2009. Lending Rate: Foreign Currencies Mortgage Loans: YB: Quarterly: UF: Tumen Region: ow Yamalo Nenetsky Area data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank of Russia. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Interest and Foreign Exchange Rates – Table RU.MB012: Lending Rate: Foreign Currencies Housing Loans: ow Mortgage: by Region: Average from Year Beginning.

Lending Rate: per Annum: Pre-Fixed: Individuals: Mortgages with Regulated Rates: Banco Commercial Investment Trus在2019-07-03达0.000 % 每年，相较于2019-07-02的0.000 % 每年保持不变。Lending Rate: per Annum: Pre-Fixed: Individuals: Mortgages with Regulated Rates: Banco Commercial Investment Trus数据按每日更新，2012-01-21至2019-07-03期间平均值为0.000 % 每年，共1867份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于2019-07-03，达0.000 % 每年，而历史最低值则出现于2019-07-03，为0.000 % 每年。CEIC提供的Lending Rate: per Annum: Pre-Fixed: Individuals: Mortgages with Regulated Rates: Banco Commercial Investment Trus数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Central Bank of Brazil，数据归类于Brazil Premium Database的Interest and Foreign Exchange Rates – Table BR.MB037: Lending Rate: per Annum: by Banks: Pre-Fixed: Individuals: Mortgages with Regulated Rates。

Lending Rate: per Month: Post-Fixed: Individuals: Mortgages with Market Rates: Finansinos S.A. Credito Financiamento e Investimento在2019-07-03达0.000 % per Month，相较于2019-07-02的0.000 % per Month保持不变。Lending Rate: per Month: Post-Fixed: Individuals: Mortgages with Market Rates: Finansinos S.A. Credito Financiamento e Investimento数据按每日更新，2012-01-21至2019-07-03期间平均值为0.000 % per Month，共1867份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于2019-07-03，达0.000 % per Month，而历史最低值则出现于2019-07-03，为0.000 % per Month。CEIC提供的Lending Rate: per Month: Post-Fixed: Individuals: Mortgages with Market Rates: Finansinos S.A. Credito Financiamento e Investimento数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Central Bank of Brazil，数据归类于Brazil Premium Database的Interest and Foreign Exchange Rates – Table BR.MB021: Lending Rate: per Month: by Banks: Post-Fixed: Individuals: Mortgages with Market Rates。

Mortgage rates in the Netherlands increased sharply in 2022 and 2023, after declining gradually between 2008 and 2021. In December 2022, the average interest rate for new mortgage loans stood at 1.65 percent, and by the end of 2023, it had risen to 4.13 percent. The 10-year interest rate was the lowest, at 2.96 percent; the floating and less than one-year interest rates amounted to 5.13 and 4.62 percent, respectively. In early 2024, mortgage rates decreased notably. Are mortgage rates in the Netherlands different from those in other European countries? When comparing this ranking to data that covers multiple European countries, the Netherlands’ mortgage rate was similar to the rates found in Spain, the United Kingdom, and Sweden. It was, however, a lot lower than the rates in Eastern Europe. Hungary and Romania, for example, had some of the highest mortgage rates. For more information on the European mortgage market and how much the countries differ from each other, please visit this dedicated research page. How big is the mortgage market in the Netherlands? The Netherlands has overall seen an increase in the number of mortgage loans sold and is regarded as one of the countries with the highest mortgage debt in Europe. The reason behind this is that Dutch homeowners were able to for many years to deduct interest paid from pre-tax income (a system known in the Netherlands as hypotheekrenteaftrek). Total mortgage debt of Dutch households has been increasing year-on-year since 2013.