Mortgage rates increased at a record pace in 2022, with the 10-year fixed mortgage rate doubling between March 2022 and December 2022. With inflation increasing, the Bank of England introduced several bank rate hikes, resulting in higher mortgage rates. In September 2023, the average 10-year fixed rate interest rate reached 5.1 percent. As borrowing costs get higher, demand for housing is expected to decrease, leading to declining market sentiment and slower house price growth. How have the mortgage hikes affected the market? After surging in 2021, the number of residential properties sold declined in 2022, reaching close to 1.3 million. Despite the number of transactions falling, this figure was higher than the period before the COVID-10 pandemic. The falling transaction volume also impacted mortgage borrowing. Between the first quarter of 2023 and the first quarter of 2024, the value of new mortgage loans fell year-on-year for fourth straight quarters in a row. How are higher mortgages affecting homebuyers? Homeowners with a mortgage loan usually lock in a fixed rate deal for two to ten years, meaning that after this period runs out, they need to renegotiate the terms of the loan. Many of the mortgages outstanding were taken out during the period of record-low mortgage rates and have since faced notable increases in their monthly repayment. About five million homeowners are projected to see their deal expire by the end of 2026. About two million of these loans are projected to experience a monthly payment increase of up to 199 British pounds by 2026.

August 2024 marked a significant shift in the UK's monetary policy, as it saw the first reduction in the official bank base interest rate since August 2023. This change came after a period of consistent rate hikes that began in late 2021. In a bid to minimize the economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Bank of England cut the official bank base rate in March 2020 to a record low of 0.1 percent. This historic low came just one week after the Bank of England cut rates from 0.75 percent to 0.25 percent in a bid to prevent mass job cuts in the United Kingdom. It remained at 0.1 percent until December 2021 and was increased to one percent in May 2022 and to 2.25 percent in October 2022. After that, the bank rate increased almost on a monthly basis, reaching 5.25 percent in August 2023. It wasn't until August 2024 that the first rate decrease since the previous year occurred, signaling a potential shift in monetary policy. Why do central banks adjust interest rates? Central banks, including the Bank of England, adjust interest rates to manage economic stability and control inflation. Their strategies involve a delicate balance between two main approaches. When central banks raise interest rates, their goal is to cool down an overheated economy. Higher rates curb excessive spending and borrowing, which helps to prevent runaway inflation. This approach is typically used when the economy is growing too quickly or when inflation is rising above desired levels. Conversely, when central banks lower interest rates, they aim to encourage borrowing and investment. This strategy is employed to stimulate economic growth during periods of slowdown or recession. Lower rates make it cheaper for businesses and individuals to borrow money, which can lead to increased spending and investment. This dual approach allows central banks to maintain a balance between promoting growth and controlling inflation, ensuring long-term economic stability. Additionally, adjusting interest rates can influence currency values, impacting international trade and investment flows, further underscoring their critical role in a nation's economic health. Recent interest rate trends Between 2021 and 2024, most advanced and emerging economies experienced a period of regular interest rate hikes. This trend was driven by several factors, including persistent supply chain disruptions, high energy prices, and robust demand pressures. These elements combined to create significant inflationary trends, prompting central banks to raise rates in an effort to temper spending and borrowing. However, in 2024, a shift began to occur in global monetary policy. The European Central Bank (ECB) was among the first major central banks to reverse this trend by cutting interest rates. This move signaled a change in approach aimed at addressing growing economic slowdowns and supporting growth.

Interest rate on new mortgages in the United Kingdom increased to 4.51 percent in January from 4.47 percent in December of 2024. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for the United Kingdom Interest Rate on New Mortgages.

Between January 2018 and February 2025, the United Kingdom's consumer price inflation rate showed notable volatility. The rate hit its lowest point at 0.5 percent in August 2020 and peaked at 9.6 percent in October 2022. By September 2024, inflation had moderated to 2.6 percent, but the following months saw inflation increase again. The Bank of England's interest rate policy closely tracked these inflationary trends. Rates remained low at 0.5-0.75 percent until April 2020, when they were reduced to 0.1 percent in response to economic challenges. A series of rate increases followed, reaching a peak of 5.25 percent from August 2023 to July 2024. The central bank then initiated rate cuts in August and November 2024, lowering the rate to 4.75 percent, signaling a potential shift in monetary policy. In February 2025, the Bank of England implemented another rate cut, setting the bank rate at 4.5 percent. Global context of inflation and interest rates The UK's experience reflects a broader international trend of rising inflation and subsequent central bank responses. From January 2022 to July 2024, advanced and emerging economies alike increased their policy rates to counter inflationary pressures. However, a shift began in late 2024, with many countries, including the UK, starting to lower rates. This change suggests a potential new phase in the global economic cycle and monetary policy approach. Comparison with other major economies The UK's monetary policy decisions align closely with those of other major economies. The United States, for instance, saw its federal funds rate peak at 5.33 percent in August 2023, mirroring the UK's rate trajectory. Similarly, central bank rates in the EU all increased drastically between 2022 and 2024. These synchronized movements reflect the global nature of inflationary pressures and the coordinated efforts of central banks to maintain economic stability. As with the UK, both the U.S. and EU began considering rate cuts in late 2024, signaling a potential shift in the global economic landscape.

This dataset provides values for MORTGAGE RATE reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

Key information about United Kingdom Long Term Interest Rate

• United Kingdom Long Term Interest Rate: Month Avg: United Kingdom: ECB Harmonised was reported at 4.52 % pa in Feb 2025, compared with 4.67 % pa in the previous month.
• UK Long Term Interest Rate data is updated monthly, available from Jan 1993 to Feb 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 8.99 % pa in Sep 1994 and a record low of 0.15 % pa in Jul 2020.
• Long Term Interest Rate is reported by reported by CEIC Data.

• In the latest reports, UK Short Term Interest Rate: Month End: ICE LIBOR: 3 Months was reported at 0.09 % pa in Apr 2021.
• The cash rate (Policy Rate: Month End: Base Rate) was set at 4.50 % pa in Feb 2025.
• UK Exchange Rate against USD averaged 0.79 (USD/GBP) in Jun 2023.

The value of buy-to-let (BTL) mortgage loans for property remortgaging in the UK was forecast to continue to increase in 2025, after plummeting in 2023. In 2023, buy-to-let mortgages originated for a property purchase amounted to nine billion British pounds, while remortgage originations totaled 11 billion British pounds. By 2026, mortgage lending for purchases was forecast to remain stable, while remortgage lending was expected to rise to 28 billion British pounds.

This dataset provides values for INTEREST RATE reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

Policy interest rates in the U.S. and Europe are forecasted to decrease gradually between 2024 and 2027, following exceptional increases triggered by soaring inflation between 2021 and 2023. The U.S. federal funds rate stood at 5.38 percent at the end of 2023, the European Central Bank deposit rate at four percent, and the Swiss National Bank policy rate at 1.75 percent. With inflationary pressures stabilizing, policy interest rates are forecast to decrease in each observed region. The U.S. federal funds rate is expected to decrease to 3.5 percent, the ECB refi rate to 2.65 percent, the Bank of England bank rate to 3.33 percent, and the Swiss National Bank policy rate to 0.75 percent by 2025. An interesting aspect to note is the impact of these interest rate changes on various economic factors such as growth, employment, and inflation. The impact of central bank policy rates The U.S. federal funds effective rate, crucial in determining the interest rate paid by depository institutions, experienced drastic changes in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The subsequent slight changes in the effective rate reflected the efforts to stimulate the economy and manage economic factors such as inflation. Such fluctuations in the federal funds rate have had a significant impact on the overall economy. The European Central Bank's decision to cut its fixed interest rate in June 2024 for the first time since 2016 marked a significant shift in attitude towards economic conditions. The reasons behind the fluctuations in the ECB's interest rate reflect its mandate to ensure price stability and manage inflation, shedding light on the complex interplay between interest rates and economic factors. Inflation and real interest rates The relationship between inflation and interest rates is critical in understanding the actions of central banks. Central banks' efforts to manage inflation through interest rate adjustments reveal the intricate balance between economic growth and inflation. Additionally, the concept of real interest rates, adjusted for inflation, provides valuable insights into the impact of inflation on the economy.

The UK residential rental market is poised for significant growth, with forecasts indicating a cumulative increase of nearly 18 percent by 2029. This surge is expected to be front-loaded, with a robust eight percent rise anticipated in 2024. Rental growth has accelerated notably since 2021, with August 2024 experiencing a decade-high annual percentage growth. The trend reflects the complex interplay between housing affordability, mortgage rates, and supply of rental homes, as the UK housing market navigates a period of transition.

Just as in many other countries, the housing market in the UK grew substantially during the coronavirus pandemic, fueled by robust demand and low borrowing costs. Nevertheless, high inflation and the increase in mortgage rates has led to house price growth slowing down. According to the forecast, 2024 is expected to see house prices decrease by three percent. Between 2024 and 2028, the average house price growth is projected at 2.7 percent. A contraction after a period of continuous growth In June 2022, the UK's house price index exceeded 150 index points, meaning that since 2015 which was the base year for the index, house prices had increased by 50 percent. In just two years, between 2020 and 2022, the index surged by 30 index points. As the market stood in December 2023, the average price for a home stood at approximately 284,691 British pounds. Rents are expected to continue to grow According to another forecast, the prime residential market is also expected to see rental prices grow in the next years. Growth is forecast to be stronger in 2024 and slow down in the period between 2025 and 2028. The rental market in London is expected to follow a similar trend, with Central London slightly outperforming Greater London.

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Home Equity Lending Market Size 2025-2029

The home equity lending market size is forecast to increase by USD 48.16 billion at a CAGR of 4.7% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is experiencing significant growth due to several key trends. One major factor driving market expansion is the massive increase in home prices, which has resulted in homeowners having more equity in their properties. Another trend is the rise in residential property values, leading to an increase in the number of homeowners with sufficient equity to access loans or lines of credit, with property management and digital lending playing a significant role in facilitating these transactions.
However, the lengthy procedures involved in securing these loans can present challenges for both lenders and borrowers. Despite this, the benefits of lending, such as lower interest rates compared to other types of debt, make it an attractive option for many consumers looking to finance home improvements, debt consolidation, or other major expenses. Overall, the market is poised for continued growth in the coming years.

What will be the Size of the Home Equity Lending Market During the Forecast Period?

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The market in the United States has experienced significant growth, driven by the increasing collateral value of residential real estate and the resulting equity available to borrowers. Monetary authorities' efforts to keep inflation in check and stable housing prices have contributed to this trend. Homeowners have utilized loans and lines of credit to fund various expenses, including home improvements, tax deductions, and debt consolidation.



The interest rate on these loans often remains competitive with other forms of borrowing, making them an attractive option for many. Banks and credit unions are the primary providers of these loans, offering borrowers the ability to access a lump sum amount or a revolving line of credit secured against their residence and property. Regulatory restrictions on high-interest debt and outstanding mortgages may impact the market's growth, but the demand for loans is expected to remain strong as homeowners continue to seek ways to access the value of their homes.

How is this Home Equity Lending Industry segmented and which is the largest segment?

The home equity lending industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Source

  Mortgage and credit union
  Commercial banks
  Others


Distribution Channel

  Offline
  Online


Geography

  North America

    Canada
    US


  Europe

    Germany
    UK
    France


  APAC

    China
    Japan
    South Korea


  South America



  Middle East and Africa

By Source Insights

The mortgage and credit union segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

Home equity lending is a financing solution for homeowners looking to access the value of their property. Mortgage and credit unions serve as trusted providers in this market, offering various financial services including loans and lines of credit. These institutions not only offer consumer loans but also manage deposits, handle checking and savings accounts, disburse credit and debit cards, and grant house loans. Credit unions, in particular, provide personalized services with live representatives, ensuring a human touch in understanding complex financial matters.

Homeowners can secure competitive rates on loans through credit unions, making them a preferred choice over other lenders. With a strong focus on consumer protection and affordability, mortgage and credit unions are an excellent option for homeowners seeking to tap into their for renovation projects or other financial needs.

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The mortgage and credit union segment was valued at USD 82.39 billion in 2019 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Regional Analysis

North America is estimated to contribute 47% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period.

Technavio's analysts have elaborately explained the regional trends and drivers that shape the market during the forecast period.

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The market in North America experienced notable growth in 2024, driven by the increase in home values and fewer regulations. Homeowners in Canada have been utilizing their properties as collateral for loans, with residential mortgages accounting for 74% of household debt and lines of credit for 16%. The balance of Lines of Credit (HELOC) rose by 1% to USD 128 billion in February 2022.

According to the forecast, the total value of mortgage lending in the United Kingdom (UK) will reach 207 billion British pounds by 2025. House purchases by homeowners comprise the largest share of lending. In 2025, these types of mortgages are expected to reach 123 billion British pounds.

Taux hypothécaire au Royaume-Uni a diminué à 7,49 % en janvier contre 7,50 % en décembre 2024. Les valeurs actuelles, des données historiques, des prévisions, des statistiques, des tableaux et le calendrier économique - Royaume-Uni - Taux hypothécaire.

In January 2025, global inflation rates and central bank interest rates showed significant variation across major economies. Most economies initiated interest rate cuts from mid-2024 due to declining inflationary pressures. The U.S., UK, and EU central banks followed a consistent pattern of regular rate reductions throughout late 2024. In early 2025, Russia maintained the highest interest rate at 21 percent, while Japan retained the lowest at 0.5 percent. Varied inflation rates across major economies The inflation landscape varies considerably among major economies. China had the lowest inflation rate at 0.5 percent in January 2025. In contrast, Russia maintained a high inflation rate of 9.9 percent. These figures align with broader trends observed in early 2025, where China had the lowest inflation rate among major developed and emerging economies, while Russia's rate remained the highest. Central bank responses and economic indicators Central banks globally implemented aggressive rate hikes throughout 2022-23 to combat inflation. The European Central Bank exemplified this trend, raising rates from 0 percent in January 2022 to 4.5 percent by September 2023. A coordinated shift among major central banks began in mid-2024, with the ECB, Bank of England, and Federal Reserve initiating rate cuts, with forecasts suggesting further cuts through 2025 and 2026.

Graph and download economic data for Interest Rates: 3-Month or 90-Day Rates and Yields: Interbank Rates: Total for United Kingdom from Jan 1986 to Jan 2025 about interbank, 3-month, United Kingdom, yield, interest rate, interest, and rate.

Bank Lending Rate in the United Kingdom remained unchanged at 8.50 percent in February. This dataset provides - United Kingdom Prime Lending Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The retail banking sector in Hong Kong has shown growth despite the recent impact of COVID-19. Residential mortgages and retail deposits recorded the highest compound annual growth rates (CAGRs) in the region, with the exception of China. Consumer credit lending showed a strong CAGR in personal loans, again only trailing the Chinese market. However, growth across credit cards was weaker as economic activity decreased due to the pandemic. The Hong Kong market has witnessed a triple threat over the last few years. Its economy entered a recession in 2017 as geopolitical forces such as the US-China trade war had effects on the territory. Domestic political instability compounded this uncertainty, and COVID-19 became the metaphorical cherry on top in 2020. The retail, tourism, hospitality, and transport sectors were all negatively impacted by the global decrease in travel as well as by regional travel bans and nationwide lockdowns. Overall, Hong Kong as a territory and a financial center has fared better during the pandemic than other markets – but a recent surge in cases has had significant effects on growth and recovery. Read More

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Payday Loans Market Size 2025-2029

The payday loans market size is forecast to increase by USD 9.9 billion at a CAGR of 4.5% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is experiencing significant growth, driven by increasing awareness and acceptance among young demographics and the expanding number of lenders offering these short-term financial solutions. However, it is essential to acknowledge the controversy surrounding payday loans, with concerns regarding their high interest rates and potential for debt traps. This market's dynamic landscape presents both opportunities and challenges for stakeholders. On the one hand, the rising demand for quick and accessible credit solutions, particularly among underbanked populations, offers a lucrative business opportunity. Moreover, technological advancements have streamlined the application and approval process, making payday loans increasingly convenient for consumers. On the other hand, regulatory scrutiny and growing public awareness of the potential risks associated with payday loans necessitate careful navigation of this market. Companies seeking to capitalize on the opportunities in the market must prioritize transparency, ethical business practices, and compliance with evolving regulations to build trust and maintain a strong market position.

What will be the Size of the Payday Loans Market during the forecast period?

Request Free SampleThe market encompasses short-term, high-interest loans designed to provide immediate cash for individuals facing financial emergencies or cash shortages. This market caters to those in need of quick access to funds, often through unsecured personal loans or payday lenders. High-interest rates characterize these loans, with online loan applications streamlining the process and enabling rapid digitization. Artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms facilitate loan decisions based on pay stubs, bank statements, and proof of income. Despite controversy surrounding high-interest rates and potential predatory lending practices, the market continues to grow. Young adults and those burdened by college debt increasingly turn to payday loans for financial relief. The industry's shift towards online platforms enhances accessibility, while borrower protection measures aim to mitigate debt pressure. The market remains a significant player in the broader consumer lending landscape, with ongoing innovation in fintech solutions and lending platforms shaping its future direction.

How is this Payday Loans Industry segmented?

The payday loans industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments. TypeStorefront payday loansOnline payday loansConsumerSingleMarriedAge Group31-4021-3051 and above41-50Less than 21GeographyNorth AmericaUSCanadaEuropeFranceGermanyItalyUKAPACChinaIndiaJapanSouth KoreaSouth AmericaMiddle East and Africa

By Type Insights

The storefront payday loans segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.Payday loans, also known as short-term loans, provide immediate cash for individuals facing financial emergencies or cash shortages. The market for payday loans includes both storefront lenders and online platforms. While storefront lenders allow borrowers to apply and receive approval in person, online payday loans offer a streamlined application process and increased convenience. However, consumer advocacy groups have raised concerns regarding predatory lending practices, such as high-interest rates and fees. Regulatory bodies have implemented measures like interest rate caps and limits on fees to protect consumers. The use of automated underwriting systems, artificial intelligence, and machine learning algorithms in online payday lending has expedited the loan application process and approval decisions. Traditional bank loans, with their lengthy application processes and stringent credit requirements, offer alternative financial solutions for those with limited credit history. Despite the controversy surrounding payday loans, they continue to be a popular choice for young adults and middle-aged individuals during financial crises. The market is expected to witness significant growth due to the increasing digitization of financial infrastructure and the availability of online lending platforms and digital payment methods.

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The Storefront payday loans segment was valued at USD 23.00 billion in 2019 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Regional Analysis

APAC is estimated to contribute 46% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period.Technavio’s analysts have elaborately explained the regional trends and driv