As of January 1, 2023, over 13.1 million persons resided in Moscow, the largest city in Russia and Europe. The population of the Russian capital increased slightly from the previous year. The number of Moscow residents crossed the 13-million mark in 2021. Starting from 2012, the city’s population grew by roughly 1.5 million. Moscow is one of the world’s megacities with the largest land area, which exceeds 6,600 square kilometers. Cost of living in Moscow While prices in Moscow are higher than in most other cities of Russia, they are lower than in many other megacities around the world, such as Singapore, New York, and Paris. In 2023, Moscow recorded the largest drop in the rank in the list of the most expensive cities worldwide, at 105 positions. Moscow residents earned an average net salary of 128,300 Russian rubles per month in 2022. Immigration to Moscow Due to the presence of various companies, job opportunities, higher salaries than in most other regions of the country, acclaimed universities, and highly developed infrastructure, Moscow is an attractive destination for both internal and international immigrants. In 2022, more than 940,000 Russian residents migrated to the Central Federal District of the country, where Moscow is located. From the international immigrants, the largest share comes from Central Asian countries.

Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the Moscow, Russia metro area from 1950 to 2025.

Population: Male: CF: Moscow Region data was reported at 4,109,907.000 Person in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 4,085,703.000 Person for 2022. Population: Male: CF: Moscow Region data is updated yearly, averaging 3,129,203.000 Person from Dec 1989 (Median) to 2023, with 35 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,109,907.000 Person in 2023 and a record low of 3,038,927.000 Person in 2001. Population: Male: CF: Moscow Region data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Demographic and Labour Market – Table RU.GA009: Population: Male: by Region.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the Moscow population over the last 20 plus years. It lists the population for each year, along with the year on year change in population, as well as the change in percentage terms for each year. The dataset can be utilized to understand the population change of Moscow across the last two decades. For example, using this dataset, we can identify if the population is declining or increasing. If there is a change, when the population peaked, or if it is still growing and has not reached its peak. We can also compare the trend with the overall trend of United States population over the same period of time.

Key observations

In 2023, the population of Moscow was 562, a 0.18% increase year-by-year from 2022. Previously, in 2022, Moscow population was 561, a decline of 0% compared to a population of 561 in 2021. Over the last 20 plus years, between 2000 and 2023, population of Moscow increased by 110. In this period, the peak population was 597 in the year 2010. The numbers suggest that the population has already reached its peak and is showing a trend of decline. Source: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program (PEP).

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program (PEP).

Data Coverage:

• From 2000 to 2023

Variables / Data Columns

• Year: This column displays the data year (Measured annually and for years 2000 to 2023)
• Population: The population for the specific year for the Moscow is shown in this column.
• Year on Year Change: This column displays the change in Moscow population for each year compared to the previous year.
• Change in Percent: This column displays the year on year change as a percentage. Please note that the sum of all percentages may not equal one due to rounding of values.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Moscow Population by Year. You can refer the same here

Russia's capital, Moscow, was the largest city in the country with over 13.1 million residents as of January 1, 2024. Less than a half of Moscow's population resided in Saint Petersburg, the second-most populous city in the country. The third-largest city, Novosibirsk, was located in the Siberian Federal District, being the highest-populated city in the Asian part of Russia. Why is Moscow so populated? The Russian capital is the center of political, industrial, business, and cultural life in Russia. Despite being one of the most expensive cities worldwide, it continues to attract people from Russia and abroad, with its resident population following a generally upward trend over the past decade. Wages in Moscow are higher than in Russia on average, and more opportunities for employment and investment are available in the capital. Furthermore, the number of people living in Moscow was forecast to continue rising, exceeding 12.8 million by 2035. Urbanization in Russia In 2024, around 109 million Russian residents lived in cities. That was approximately three-quarters of the country’s population. The urbanization rate increased steadily over the 20th century, leading to a decline in the rural population. Among the country’s regions, the Northwestern Federal District had the highest share of residents in urban areas, measured at 85 percent. In the Central Federal District, the tendency was that more people moved to Moscow and cities in the Moscow Oblast.

Population: CF: City of Moscow data was reported at 13,258,262.000 Person in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 13,149,803.000 Person for 2023. Population: CF: City of Moscow data is updated yearly, averaging 11,139,139.500 Person from Dec 1989 (Median) to 2024, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13,258,262.000 Person in 2024 and a record low of 8,880,124.000 Person in 1989. Population: CF: City of Moscow data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.GA002: Population: by Region.

Population: CF: Moscow Region data was reported at 8,766,594.000 Person in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 8,651,260.000 Person for 2023. Population: CF: Moscow Region data is updated yearly, averaging 6,858,686.500 Person from Dec 1989 (Median) to 2024, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8,766,594.000 Person in 2024 and a record low of 6,609,152.000 Person in 2001. Population: CF: Moscow Region data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.GA002: Population: by Region.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the Moscow township population over the last 20 plus years. It lists the population for each year, along with the year on year change in population, as well as the change in percentage terms for each year. The dataset can be utilized to understand the population change of Moscow township across the last two decades. For example, using this dataset, we can identify if the population is declining or increasing. If there is a change, when the population peaked, or if it is still growing and has not reached its peak. We can also compare the trend with the overall trend of United States population over the same period of time.

Key observations

In 2023, the population of Moscow township was 529, a 0.56% decrease year-by-year from 2022. Previously, in 2022, Moscow township population was 532, a decline of 0.75% compared to a population of 536 in 2021. Over the last 20 plus years, between 2000 and 2023, population of Moscow township decreased by 78. In this period, the peak population was 607 in the year 2000. The numbers suggest that the population has already reached its peak and is showing a trend of decline. Source: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program (PEP).

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program (PEP).

Data Coverage:

• From 2000 to 2023

Variables / Data Columns

• Year: This column displays the data year (Measured annually and for years 2000 to 2023)
• Population: The population for the specific year for the Moscow township is shown in this column.
• Year on Year Change: This column displays the change in Moscow township population for each year compared to the previous year.
• Change in Percent: This column displays the year on year change as a percentage. Please note that the sum of all percentages may not equal one due to rounding of values.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Moscow township Population by Year. You can refer the same here

Population: Female: CF: City of Moscow data was reported at 7,044,905.000 Person in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 7,019,477.000 Person for 2022. Population: Female: CF: City of Moscow data is updated yearly, averaging 5,934,606.000 Person from Dec 1989 (Median) to 2023, with 35 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7,044,905.000 Person in 2023 and a record low of 4,898,047.000 Person in 1989. Population: Female: CF: City of Moscow data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Demographic and Labour Market – Table RU.GA010: Population: Female: by Region.

In 2024, the total population of Russia was around 146.1 million people. Only a fraction of them live in the major Russian cities. With almost 12.5 million inhabitants, Moscow is the largest of them. In the upcoming years until 2030, the population was forecast to decline.Russia's economy Russia is one of the major economies in the world and is one of the wealthiest nations. Following the 1998 Russian financial crisis, Russia introduced several structural reforms that allowed for a fast economic recovery. Following these reforms, Russia experienced significant economic growth from the early 2000s and improved living standards in general for the country. A reason for the momentous economical boost was the rise in commodity prices as well as a boom in the total amount of consumer credit. Additionally, Russia is highly dependent on the mining and production of natural resources, primarily in the energy department, in order to promote economic growth in the country. Due to large energy reserves throughout the country, Russia has developed a stable economy capable of sustaining itself for many years into the future. The majority of Russian oil and energy reserves are located in the Western Siberian areas. These natural gas liquids, along with oil reserves that consist of crude oil, shale oil and oil sands are constantly used for the production of consumable oil, which is an annually growing industry in Russia. Oil products are one of Russia’s primary exports and the country is able to profit entirely off of sales due to high prices as well as high demand for such goods.

As of January 1, 2025, more than 146 million people were estimated to be residing on the Russian territory, down approximately 30,000 from the previous year. From the second half of the 20th century, the population steadily grew until 1995. Furthermore, the population size saw an increase from 2009, getting closer to the 1995 figures. In which regions do most Russians live? With some parts of Russia known for their harsh climate, most people choose regions which offer more comfortable conditions. The largest share of the Russian population, or 40 million, reside in the Central Federal District. Moscow, the capital, is particularly populated, counting nearly 13 million residents. Russia’s population projections Despite having the largest country area worldwide, Russia’s population was predicted to follow a negative trend under both low and medium expectation forecasts. Under the low expectation forecast, the country’s population was expected to drop from 146 million in 2022 to 134 million in 2036. The medium expectation scenario projected a milder drop to 143 million in 2036. The issues of low birth rates and high death rates in Russia are aggravated by the increasing desire to emigrate among young people. In 2023, more than 20 percent of the residents aged 18 to 24 years expressed their willingness to leave Russia.

In all age groups until 29 years old, there were more men than women in Russia as of January 1, 2024. After that age, the female population outnumbered the male population in each category. The most represented age group in the country was from 35 to 39 years old, with approximately 6.5 million women and 6.3 million men. Male-to-female ratio in Russia The number of men in Russia was historically lower than the number of women, which was a result of population losses during World War I and World War II. In 1950, in the age category from 25 to 29 years, 68 men were recorded per 100 women in the Soviet Union. In today’s Russia, the female-to-male ratio in the same age group reached 976 women per 1,000 men. Russia has the highest life expectancy gender gap The World Health Organization estimated the average life expectancy of women across the world at over five years longer than men. In Russia, this gap between genders exceeded 10 years. According to the study “Burden of disease in Russia, 1980-2016: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016,” Russia had the highest gender difference in life expectancy worldwide.

Population: Male: CF: City of Moscow data was reported at 6,104,898.000 Person in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 6,084,700.000 Person for 2022. Population: Male: CF: City of Moscow data is updated yearly, averaging 5,156,822.000 Person from Dec 1989 (Median) to 2023, with 35 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6,104,898.000 Person in 2023 and a record low of 3,982,077.000 Person in 1989. Population: Male: CF: City of Moscow data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Demographic and Labour Market – Table RU.GA009: Population: Male: by Region.

The gap between the number of women and men in Russia was measured at approximately 10.3 million as of January 1, 2024, with the female population of the country historically outnumbering the male population. Both genders saw a decrease in inhabitants compared to the previous year. Why are there more women than men in Russia? One of the factors explaining gender imbalance in modern Russia is the gap in average life expectancy between the genders. In 2022, Russian women outlived men by around 10 years. In particular, working-age men were six times more likely to die from external causes of death, such as accidents and suicides, compared to working age women in that year. Furthermore, partial mobilization announced as a result of the Russia-Ukraine war resulted in a mass exodus of young men fleeing from conscription. In response to the government’s call to recruit up to 300,000 reservists in end-September 2022, Google search interest in the term "How to leave Russia" increased sharply. Gender imbalance and its consequences for Russia In Russia, the labor market remains highly segregated by gender. Manual jobs in equipment operation, metal industry, manufacturing, and mechanics are male dominated. The labor shortage in these spheres could limit the country’s potential for increased industrial production. Furthermore, fewer men exacerbate the issue of falling births in Russia. In 2023, only 1.26 million births were recorded nationwide, the lowest over the past decade. Coupled with a decreasing number of working-age men, such a decline in live births could lead to less innovation, a larger share of retired people, and rising government expenditure on pensions and healthcare.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the Moscow population distribution across 18 age groups. It lists the population in each age group along with the percentage population relative of the total population for Moscow. The dataset can be utilized to understand the population distribution of Moscow by age. For example, using this dataset, we can identify the largest age group in Moscow.

Key observations

The largest age group in Moscow, TN was for the group of age 25 to 29 years years with a population of 144 (16.94%), according to the ACS 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates. At the same time, the smallest age group in Moscow, TN was the 75 to 79 years years with a population of 11 (1.29%). Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates

Age groups:

• Under 5 years
• 5 to 9 years
• 10 to 14 years
• 15 to 19 years
• 20 to 24 years
• 25 to 29 years
• 30 to 34 years
• 35 to 39 years
• 40 to 44 years
• 45 to 49 years
• 50 to 54 years
• 55 to 59 years
• 60 to 64 years
• 65 to 69 years
• 70 to 74 years
• 75 to 79 years
• 80 to 84 years
• 85 years and over

Variables / Data Columns

• Age Group: This column displays the age group in consideration
• Population: The population for the specific age group in the Moscow is shown in this column.
• % of Total Population: This column displays the population of each age group as a proportion of Moscow total population. Please note that the sum of all percentages may not equal one due to rounding of values.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Moscow Population by Age. You can refer the same here

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the population of Moscow by race. It includes the population of Moscow across racial categories (excluding ethnicity) as identified by the Census Bureau. The dataset can be utilized to understand the population distribution of Moscow across relevant racial categories.

Key observations

The percent distribution of Moscow population by race (across all racial categories recognized by the U.S. Census Bureau): 92.19% are white, 0.78% are Asian and 7.03% are multiracial.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Racial categories include:

• White
• Black or African American
• American Indian and Alaska Native
• Asian
• Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
• Some other race
• Two or more races (multiracial)

Variables / Data Columns

• Race: This column displays the racial categories (excluding ethnicity) for the Moscow
• Population: The population of the racial category (excluding ethnicity) in the Moscow is shown in this column.
• % of Total Population: This column displays the percentage distribution of each race as a proportion of Moscow total population. Please note that the sum of all percentages may not equal one due to rounding of values.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Moscow Population by Race & Ethnicity. You can refer the same here

Population: Rural: CF: City of Moscow data was reported at 0.000 Person in 2024. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 Person for 2023. Population: Rural: CF: City of Moscow data is updated yearly, averaging 147,167.500 Person from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2024, with 14 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 220,771.000 Person in 2021 and a record low of 0.000 Person in 2024. Population: Rural: CF: City of Moscow data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.GA012: Population: Rural: by Region.

Population: Rural: CF: Moscow Region data was reported at 1,940,846.000 Person in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,904,783.000 Person for 2023. Population: Rural: CF: Moscow Region data is updated yearly, averaging 1,374,060.000 Person from Dec 1989 (Median) to 2024, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,940,846.000 Person in 2024 and a record low of 1,286,965.000 Person in 2010. Population: Rural: CF: Moscow Region data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.GA012: Population: Rural: by Region.

This statistic depicts the age distribution of Russia from 2013 to 2023. In 2023, about 17.51 percent of Russia's population fell into the 0-14 year category, 65.88 percent into the 15-64 age group and 16.6 percent were over 65 years of age.

Population with Income per Capita below Living Cost: % of Total: CF: City of Moscow data was reported at 4.500 % in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 4.800 % for 2022. Population with Income per Capita below Living Cost: % of Total: CF: City of Moscow data is updated yearly, averaging 10.300 % from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2023, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 23.600 % in 2000 and a record low of 4.500 % in 2023. Population with Income per Capita below Living Cost: % of Total: CF: City of Moscow data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Demographic and Labour Market – Table RU.GA015: Population with Income per Capita below Living Cost.