In 2024, there were approximately 84,500 Indonesian nationals working in Taiwan, indicating an increase from the previous year. In total, there were about 297,400 Indonesians working abroad this year.

In 2024, approximately **** million people worked in the agricultural, forestry, hunting, and fisheries sector in Indonesia. As the economy of Indonesia has been highly dependent on agriculture, it is no surprise that this sector has been the largest employer for decades. Nevertheless, agricultural workers had the lowest average monthly salary in the archipelago. From agriculture to manufacturing Following the agricultural sector, wholesale and retail and manufacturing sectors were Indonesia’s largest employers. On the other hand, the electricity and gas, real estate, and waste management sectors accounted for Indonesia’s smallest workforce. Indonesia has aimed to be one of the largest manufacturing nations globally, and its number of manufacturing workers has grown steadily. As it has a labor force of *** million people with abundant labor supply and relatively low cost, the country is a suitable production base for labor-intensive industries. In the past years, its focus has shifted from producing raw agricultural products to manufacturing processed food, apparel, and tobacco products. Urban and rural differences for employees While the highest average monthly net wage in Indonesia was around **** million Indonesian rupiah, there was a difference between the salaries in the urban and rural areas. The difference between the highest salaries in the cities and the countryside reached more than *** million Indonesian rupiah that year. Informal employment, open unemployment, skills shortages, and skills mismatches are ongoing issues in Indonesia’s labor market. Rural areas have higher rates of informal employment than cities, and this employment is concentrated in the agriculture sector.

As of August 2023, around ***** percent of Indonesian women worked as sales personnel. Despite being the most popular job for female workers, sales personnel was among the sectors with the most significant gap in monthly net wage between male and female workers in Indonesia.

As of August 2023, around ***** percent of Indonesian men worked as production workers, transportation equipment operators, and manual workers. In the same period, the most popular job sector among female workers in Indonesia was sales personnel.

A 2023 survey conducted in Indonesia showed that for approximately ** percent of respondents, job web portal was the most influential sources in providing information on job opportunities. Furthermore, around ** percent of participants took information from friends or family.

Abstract

National Labor Force Survey (SAKERNAS) is a survey that is designed to observe the general situation of workforce and also to understand whether there is a change of workforce structure between the enumeration period. Since the survey was initiated in 1976, it has undergone a series of changes affecting its coverage, the frequency of enumeration, the number of households sampled and the type of information collected. It is the largest and most representative source of employment data in Indonesia. For each selected household, the general information about the circumstances of each household member that includes the name, relationship to head of household, sex, and age were collected. Household members aged 10 years and over will be prompted to give the information about their marital status, education and employment.

SAKERNAS is aimed to gather informations that meet three objectives: 1.Employment by education, working hours, industrial classification and employment status, 2.Unemployment and underemployment by different characteristics and efforts on looking for work, 3.Working age population not in the labor force (e.g. attending schools, doing housekeeping and others).

The data for quarterly SAKERNAS was gathered in 1986 covered all provinces in Indonesia, with 65,440 households, scattered both in rural and urban areas and representative until provincial level. The main household data is taken from core questionnaire of SAK86-AK.

Geographic coverage

National coverage* including urban and rural area, representative until provincial level.

*) Although covering all of Indonesia, there are some circumstances when not all provincial were covered. For example, in year 2000, the Province of Maluku excluded in SAKERNAS because horizontal conflicts occurred there. Also, the separation of East Timor from Indonesia in year 1999 also changed the scope of SAKERNAS for the years to come. After that, due to the expansion of regional autonomy as a consequence, the proportion of samples per Province is also changed, as in 2006 when the number of provinces are already 33. However, the difference is only on the number of influential scope/level but not to the pattern. On the other hand, changes in the methodology (including sample size) over time is likely to affect the outcome, for example in years 2000 and 2001, when sample size is only 32.384 and 34.176 the level of data presentation is only representative to island level, (insufficient sample size even to make it representative to provincial level).

Analysis unit

Individual

Universe

The survey covered all de jure household members (usual residents), aged 10 years and over that resident in the household. However, Diplomatic Corps households, households that are in the specific enumeration area and specific households in the regular enumeration area are not chosen as a sample.

Kind of data

Sample survey data

Sampling procedure

Quarterly SAKERNAS 1986 was implemented in the whole territory of the Republic of Indonesia , with a total sample of about 65,440 households, both in rural and urban areas and representative until provincial level. Diplomatic Corps households, households that are in the specific enumeration area and specific households in the regular enumeration area are not chosen as a sample.

Implementation of SAKERNAS 1986 include samples of the previous enumeration activities (rotation method). Sampling method* to be used is similar for implementation of SAKERNAS years 1986 to 1989, which households selected samples from previous quarter will be partly re-enumerated and then again partly from other household ever elected from another previous quarters, so no need to re-enroll in new household. The procedure for the selection of households in the sample are described in more detail in the enumerators/ supervisors manual document.

*) Sampling method used is varied in different years. For example, in SAKERNAS period of 1986-1989 sampling method used is the method of rotation, where most of the households selected at one period was re-elected in the following period. This often happens on quarterly SAKERNAS on that period. At other periods often use multi-stages sampling method (two or three stages depend on whether sub block census / segment group included or not), or a combination of multi stages sampling also with rotation method (e.g. SAKERNAS 2006-2010).

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face

Research instrument

In SAKERNAS, the questionnaire has been designed in a simple and concise way. It is expected that respondents will understand the aim of question of survey and avoid the memory lapse and uninterested respondents during data collection. Furthermore, the design of SAKERNAS's questionnaire remains stable in order to maintain data comparison.

A household questionnaire was administered in each selected household, which collected general information of household members that includes name, relationship with head of the household, sex and age. Household members aged 10 years and over were then asked about their marital status, education and occupation.

Cleaning operations

Stages of data processing in Sakernas are through process of: - Batching - Editing - Coding - Data Entry - Validation - Tabulation

Sampling error estimates

Sampling error results are presented at the end of the publication of The State of Labor Force in Indonesia and in publication of The State of Workers in Indonesia.

SAKERNAS is a household-based survey of persons aged 15 years and older that captures characteristics of the Indonesian workforce. Included is educational attainment, number of hours worked at all jobs, average wages received from the primary job, industry of employment and occupation. It is the main source of statistics on economic activity related to unemployment, underemployment, informal earnings, and hours worked. Since 2005, SAKERNAS has been conducted biennially to reflect seasonal labor force variations.

Graph and download economic data for Infra-Annual Labor Statistics: Employment Total: 15 Years or over for Indonesia (LFEMTTTTIDA657N) from 1977 to 2012 about 15 years +, Indonesia, and employment.

Techsalerator’s Job Openings Data in Asia offers an extensive and meticulously compiled dataset designed to provide businesses, recruiters, labor market analysts, and job seekers with a thorough view of employment opportunities across the Asian continent. This dataset aggregates job postings from a wide array of sources on a daily basis, ensuring users have access to the most current and comprehensive collection of job openings available throughout Asia.

Key Features of the Dataset: Extensive Coverage:

The dataset consolidates job postings from diverse sources, including company career websites, job boards, recruitment agencies, and professional networking platforms. This broad coverage ensures that the dataset includes a wide range of job opportunities across multiple channels. Daily Updates:

Job posting data is aggregated and updated daily, providing users with real-time insights into the job market. This frequent updating ensures that the information reflects the latest job openings and market trends. Sector-Specific Data:

The dataset categorizes job postings by industry sectors such as technology, finance, healthcare, education, manufacturing, and more. This categorization allows users to analyze job market trends and opportunities within specific industries. Regional Breakdown:

Detailed information is provided on job openings across various countries, regions, and cities in Asia. This regional breakdown helps users understand job market dynamics and opportunities in different geographic locations. Role and Skill Insights:

The dataset includes information on job roles, required skills, qualifications, and experience levels. This helps job seekers find opportunities that match their expertise and assists recruiters in identifying candidates with the desired skill sets. Company Information:

Users can access details about the companies posting job openings, including company names, industries, and locations. This information is valuable for understanding which companies are hiring and where the demand for talent is concentrated. Historical Data:

The dataset may include historical job posting data, enabling users to analyze trends and changes in the job market over time. This feature supports longitudinal studies and comparative analysis. Asian Countries Covered: Afghanistan Armenia Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Bhutan Brunei Cambodia China Cyprus Georgia India Indonesia Iran Iraq Israel Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Lebanon Malaysia Maldives Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal North Korea Oman Pakistan Palestine Philippines Qatar Saudi Arabia Singapore South Korea Sri Lanka Syria Taiwan Tajikistan Thailand Timor-Leste (East Timor) Turkey Turkmenistan United Arab Emirates Uzbekistan Vietnam Yemen Benefits of the Dataset: Enhanced Recruitment Strategies: Recruiters and HR professionals can use the data to identify emerging hiring trends, understand competitive hiring practices, and refine their recruitment strategies based on real-time market conditions. Labor Market Analysis: Analysts and policymakers can leverage the dataset to study employment trends, identify skill shortages, and evaluate job market opportunities across different regions and sectors. Job Seeker Support: Job seekers can access a comprehensive list of job openings tailored to their skills and preferred locations, making their job search process more efficient and targeted. Strategic Workforce Planning: Companies can gain insights into the availability of talent in various Asian countries, assisting in decisions related to market expansion, office locations, and talent acquisition. Techsalerator’s Job Openings Data in Asia is a critical resource for gaining a detailed understanding of the diverse and dynamic job markets across the continent. By providing up-to-date and extensive information on job postings, it supports informed decision-making for businesses, job seekers, and market analysts.

Graph and download economic data for Infra-Annual Labor Statistics: Employment Total: 15 Years or over for Indonesia (LFEMTTTTIDQ647S) from Q1 2005 to Q1 2013 about 15 years +, Indonesia, and employment.

The statistic shows the distribution of employment in Indonesia by economic sector from 2013 to 2023. In 2023, 28.77 percent of the employees in Indonesia were active in the agricultural sector, 22.09 percent in industry and 49.15 percent in the service sector. Indonesia's GDP The economic sector in Indonesia with the biggest share in gross domestic product over the past decade has been the industry sector, closely followed by services. The industry sector makes up around 45.7 percent of gross domestic product in Indonesia. Due to Indonesia's economy rapidly improving, the unemployment rate is decreasing, with most Indonesians working in the services sector (including tourism, hospitality, etc), while GDP and GDP per capita have been steadily increasing simultaneously. The country’s gross domestic product per capita has almost quadrupled over the past decade, with GDP also increasing at the same rate. Nowadays, Indonesia is among the leading countries in the world with the largest gross domestic product.

Globalization has made human mobility high and the employment sector in a tight competition. In this era of globalization, all workers from various countries can find the same point of competition, Indonesia is no exception. Indonesia has a high population surplus and Indonesia also has a population dominated by productive generations. However, the era of globalization also brings a quite worrying impact, namely in the age of free competition. With the implementation of free trade cooperation, many foreign workers must be allowed to work in Indonesia and compete freely with workers from Indonesia. Competitiveness is crucial to keep Indonesian workers have a sense of competitiveness with workers from other countries (Ernst & Haar, 2019). The purpose of this study is to determine the competitiveness of Generation Z in the face of a free work competition in the disruptive era by identifying some main ideas about preparing and equipping Generation Z in developing portfolios and skills needed by the world of work. This research will use two option methods. The first method is a quantitative paradigm by using a questionnaire as a tool to determine the respondent's perspective with some questions. The second method is a qualitative paradigm by using a focus group discussion to describe a detail of the phenomenon to be analyzed comprehensively.

As of February 2024, the trade sector remains the largest employer, comprising ***** percent of the workforce in Jakarta. Some sectors with the largest proportion of workers in Jakarta include trade, transportation, other services, accommodation and food service activities, and the manufacturing industry.

In 2023, more than ** percent of female workers in Indonesia were in informal employment. In comparison, around **** percent of male workers in Indonesia also did not have a working contract and job security. Informal employment in Indonesia is common in the construction and agricultural industries.

Graph and download economic data for Infra-Annual Labor Statistics: Employment Male: 15 Years or over for Indonesia (LFEMTTMAIDQ647S) from Q1 2008 to Q3 2010 about 15 years +, Indonesia, males, and employment.

A 2023 survey conducted in Indonesia revealed that approximately ** percent of respondents used Jobstreet as the most frequently visited website for finding job opportunities. Additionally, around ** percent of participants used LinkedIn.

Graph and download economic data for Infra-Annual Labor Statistics: Employment: Economic Activity: Industry (Including Construction): Total for Indonesia (LFEAICTTIDQ647N) from Q1 2005 to Q1 2013 about Indonesia, construction, employment, and industry.

Graph and download economic data for Infra-Annual Labor Statistics: Employment: Economic Activity: Industry (Including Construction): Total for Indonesia (LFEAICTTIDA647N) from 2004 to 2012 about Indonesia, construction, employment, and industry.

Graph and download economic data for Infra-Annual Labor Statistics: Employment Male: 15 Years or over for Indonesia (LFEMTTMAIDA647N) from 2008 to 2010 about 15 years +, Indonesia, males, and employment.

In 2023, more than ** percent of employees in Indonesia were in informal employment. Informal employment in the archipelago is mainly found in rural areas and is common in the construction and agricultural industries.