****Dataset Overview**** This dataset contains historical macroeconomic data, featuring key economic indicators in the United States. It includes important metrics such as the Consumer Price Index (CPI), Retail Sales, Unemployment Rate, Industrial Production, Money Supply (M2), and more. The dataset spans from 1993 to the present and includes monthly data on various economic indicators, processed to show their rate of change (either percentage or absolute difference, depending on the indicator).

provenance

The data in this dataset is sourced from the Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED) database, hosted by the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. FRED provides access to a wide range of economic data, including key macroeconomic indicators for the United States. My work involved calculating the rate of change (ROC) for each indicator and reorganizing the data into a more usable format for analysis. For more information and access to the full database, visit FRED's website.

Purpose and Use for the Kaggle Community:

This dataset is a valuable resource for data scientists, economists, and analysts interested in understanding macroeconomic trends, performing time series analysis, or building predictive models. With the rate of change included, users can quickly assess the growth or contraction in these indicators month-over-month. This dataset can be used for:

• Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA): Understanding historical economic trends. -Time Series Forecasting: Building models to predict future economic conditions. -Macroeconomic Analysis: Analyzing the relationship between various economic indicators. -Machine Learning Projects: Using the data as features to predict financial or economic outcomes. -By utilizing this dataset, users can perform in-depth analysis on the impact of macroeconomic changes, compare the historical performance of various indicators, and experiment with different time series forecasting techniques.

****Column Descriptions****

Year: The year of the observation.

Month: The month of the observation (1-12).

Industrial Production: Monthly data on the total output of US factories, mines, and utilities.

Manufacturers' New Orders: Durable Goods: Measures the value of new orders placed with manufacturers for durable goods, indicating future production activity.

Consumer Price Index (CPIAUCSL): A measure of the average change over time in the prices paid by urban consumers for a market basket of consumer goods and services.

Unemployment Rate: The percentage of the total labor force that is unemployed but actively seeking employment.

Retail Sales: The total receipts of retail stores, indicating consumer spending and economic activity.

Producer Price Index: Measures the average change over time in the selling prices received by domestic producers for their output.

Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE): A measure of the prices paid by consumers for goods and services, used in calculating inflation.

National Home Price Index: A measure of changes in residential real estate prices across the country.

All Employees, Total Nonfarm: The number of nonfarm payroll employees, an important indicator of the labor market.

Labor Force Participation Rate: The percentage of the working-age population that is either employed or actively looking for work.

Federal Funds Effective Rate: The interest rate at which depository institutions lend reserve balances to other depository institutions overnight.

Building Permits: The number of building permits issued for residential and non-residential buildings, a leading indicator of construction activity.

Money Supply (M2): The total money supply, including cash, checking deposits, and easily convertible near money.

Personal Income: The total income received by individuals from all sources, including wages, investments, and government transfers.

Trade Balance: The difference between a country's imports and exports, indicating the net trade flow.

Consumer Sentiment: The index reflecting consumer sentiment and expectations for the future economic outlook.

Consumer Confidence: A measure of how optimistic or pessimistic consumers are regarding their expected financial situation and the economy.

Notes on Interest Rates Please note that for the Federal Funds Effective Rate (FEDFUNDS), the dataset includes the absolute change in basis points (bps), not the rate of change. This means that the dataset reflects the direct change in the interest rate rather than the percentage change month-over-month. The change is represented in basis points, where 1 basis point equals 0.01%.

The International Macroeconomic Data Set provides data from 1969 through 2030 for real (adjusted for inflation) gross domestic product (GDP), population, real exchange rates, and other variables for the 190 countries and 34 regions that are most important for U.S. agricultural trade. The data presented here are a key component of the USDA Baseline projections process, and can be used as a benchmark for analyzing the impacts of U.S. and global macroeconomic shocks.This record was taken from the USDA Enterprise Data Inventory that feeds into the https://data.gov catalog. Data for this record includes the following resources: Web page with links to Excel files For complete information, please visit https://data.gov.

The statistics are calculated daily based on the market expectations of roughly 130 banks, asset managers and other institutions (real sector companies, brokers, consultancies and others) that participate on the System of Market Expectations, by providing expectations for different price indicators, GDP and industrial production growth, exchange rate, Selic rate, fiscal variables and external sector indicators, published every first working day of the week. Market expectations are relative to the accredited institutions that authorized the release of their individual microdata, with the identification by the use of a code. Expectations are 1-year lagged. market-expectations market-expectations

This dataset presents key macroeconomic indicators for the State of Qatar on an annual basis. It includes data on GDP, national income, consumption, investment, inflation, trade, government finance, and monetary aggregates. These indicators provide insight into the performance and structure of the Qatari economy across five years.

Romania's volume index for industrial production decreased by nearly five percent in February 2023 compared to the corresponding month of the previous year. By contrast, the volume index of the services provided to the population marked the highest growth among other macroeconomic indicators, with the growth rate of almost 22 percent year-over-year.

The Department forecasts a number of macroeconomic aggregates for inclusion in the budget papers. These forecasts have three main purposes: they provide a framework for presenting the economic …Show full descriptionThe Department forecasts a number of macroeconomic aggregates for inclusion in the budget papers. These forecasts have three main purposes: they provide a framework for presenting the economic context in which the budget is developed; most of the economic aggregates or their sub-components are used in the modelling of taxation and other revenue lines; and forecasts of nominal gross state product (GSP) are used to express key financial aggregates in relation to the size of the economy, such as non-financial public sector net debt to nominal GSP. The spreadsheet below contains the seven published aggregates for the budget papers (Budget and Budget Update): real GSP growth; level of nominal GSP; employment growth; unemployment rate; growth in the consumer price index; growth in the wage price index; and annual population growth.

This dataset presents quarterly macroeconomic indicators for the State of Qatar for the years 2022 and 2023. It includes data on GDP, government revenue and expenditure, trade balance, inflation, monetary aggregates, and financial market indicators. Values are provided for each quarter and are disaggregated by key categories such as mining and non-mining sectors, real and nominal growth, and external trade components. The dataset supports economic analysis and policy evaluation by providing timely and detailed insight into the national economic performance.

These forecasts have three main purposes: •they provide a framework for presenting the economic context in which the budget is developed; •most of the economic aggregates or their sub-components are …Show full descriptionThese forecasts have three main purposes: •they provide a framework for presenting the economic context in which the budget is developed; •most of the economic aggregates or their sub-components are used in the modelling of taxation and other revenue lines; and •forecasts of nominal gross state product (GSP) are used to express key financial aggregates in relation to the size of the economy, such as non-financial public sector net debt to nominal GSP. The spreadsheet below contains the seven published aggregates for the budget papers (Budget and Budget Update): •real GSP growth; •level of nominal GSP; •employment growth; •unemployment rate; •growth in the consumer price index; •growth in the wage price index; and •annual population growth.

The Department forecasts a number of macroeconomic aggregates for inclusion in the budget papers. These forecasts have three main purposes: - they provide a framework for presenting the economic context in which the budget is developed; - most of the economic aggregates or their sub-components are used in the modelling of taxation and other revenue lines; and - forecasts of nominal gross state product (GSP) are used to express key financial aggregates in relation to the size of the economy, such as non-financial public sector net debt to nominal GSP. The spreadsheet below contains the seven published aggregates for the budget papers (Budget and Budget Update): - real GSP growth; - level of nominal GSP; - employment growth; - unemployment rate; - growth in the consumer price index; - growth in the wage price index; and - annual population growth.

DTF forecasts a number of macroeconomic aggregates for inclusion in the budget papers.

These forecasts have three main purposes:

• they provide a framework for presenting the economic context in which the budget is developed;
• most of the economic aggregates or their sub-components are used in the modelling of taxation and other revenue lines; and
• forecasts of nominal gross state product (GSP) are used to express key financial aggregates in relation to the size of the economy, such as non-financial public sector net debt to nominal GSP.

The spreadsheet below contains the seven published aggregates for the budget papers (Budget and Budget Update):

• real GSP growth;
• level of nominal GSP;
• employment growth;
• unemployment rate;
• growth in the consumer price index;
• growth in the wage price index; and
• annual population growth.

The Department of Treasury and Finance forecasts a number of macroeconomic aggregates for inclusion in the budget papers.

These forecasts have three main purposes:

• they provide a framework for presenting the economic context in which the budget is developed;
• most of the economic aggregates or their sub-components are used in the modelling of taxation and other revenue lines; and
• forecasts of nominal gross state product (GSP) are used to express key financial aggregates in relation to the size of the economy, such as non-financial public sector net debt to nominal GSP.

The data source contains the seven published aggregates for the budget papers (Budget and Budget Update):

• real GSP growth;
• level of nominal GSP;
• employment growth;
• unemployment rate;
• growth in the consumer price index;
• growth in the wage price index; and
• annual population growth.

The aging of the US population undoubtedly will be associated with macroeconomic changes. In particular, some combination of lower consumption growth and increased labor input will ultimately be required. But, the timing of these changes can have important effects on variables like the rate of return to capital and wages. If the adjustment to consumption is slow, which would be the case if budget deficits were allowed to rise significantly as the population ages, then aging is likely to be associated with an increase in the return to capital and a reduction in wages.

The Department of Treasury and Finance (DTF) monitors economic conditions in the Victorian economy and prepares forecasts of the main economic indicators of those conditions twice yearly for the …Show full descriptionThe Department of Treasury and Finance (DTF) monitors economic conditions in the Victorian economy and prepares forecasts of the main economic indicators of those conditions twice yearly for the current and four-ensuing years (the out-years). The economic forecasts underpin the Government's fiscal outlook presented in the Budget and Budget Update. The key economic indicators forecast growth in real gross state product (GSP) and the level of nominal GSP; growth in employment and the unemployment rate; growth in wages; growth in consumer prices (the CPI) and population growth. For further information refer to the Macroeconomic indicators methodology for making forecasts of macro-economic indicators.

Macroeconomics refers to the entire national economy or the national economy as a whole, as well as its economic activities and operational status. "The data set of macroeconomic development resilience of countries along the Belt and Road reflects the level of macroeconomic development resilience of the countries along the Belt and Road, and the higher the data value, the stronger the macroeconomic development resilience of the countries along the Belt and Road. The macroeconomic development resilience dataset is prepared with reference to the World Bank's statistical database, using year-on-year changes in four indicators: GDP per capita, gross fixed capital formation as a percentage of GDP, inflation as measured by the GDP deflator, and total savings as a percentage of GDP for countries along the "Belt and Road" from 2000 to 2019. The macroeconomic development resilience product was prepared through a comprehensive diagnosis based on sensitivity and adaptability analysis, taking into account the year-on-year changes of each indicator. "The resilience dataset of macroeconomic development of countries along the Belt and Road is an important reference for analysing and comparing the resilience of macroeconomic development of various countries.

The Easterlin paradox questions the link between economic growth and national well-being, emphasizing the necessity to explore the impact of economic elasticity, income inequality, and their temporal and spatial heterogeneity on subjective happiness. Despite the importance of these factors, few studies have examined them together, thus ongoing debates about the impact of economics on well-being persist. To fill this gap, our analysis utilizes 11 years of panel data from 31 provinces in China, integrating macroeconomic indicators and social media content to reassess the Easterlin paradox. We use GDP per capita and the Gini coefficient as proxies for economic growth and income inequality, respectively, to study their effects on the subjective well-being expressed by citizens on social media in mainland China. Our approach combines machine learning and fixed effects models to evaluate these relationships. Key findings include: (1) In temporal relationships, a 46.70% increase in GDP per capita implies a 0.38 increase in subjective well-being, while a 0.09 increase in the Gini coefficient means a 1.47 decrease in subjective well-being. (2) In spatial relationships, for every 46.70% increase in GDP per capita, subjective well-being rises by 0.51; however, this relationship is buffered by unfair distribution, and GDP per capita no longer significantly affects subjective well-being when the Gini index exceeds 0.609. This study makes a synthetic contribution to the debate on the Easterlin paradox, indicating that economic growth can enhance well-being if income inequality is kept below a certain level. Although these results are theoretically enlightening for the relationship between economics and national well-being globally, this study’s sample comes from mainland China. Due to differences in cultural, economic, and political factors, further research is suggested to explore these dynamics globally.

Taiwan Economic Debates is published four times a year, with economic statistics included to select important and representative macroeconomic statistics items so that readers can have an overall understanding of Taiwan's current economic development. (Starting from the autumn issue of 107, the "Economic Statistics" section is canceled and the data will no longer be updated.)

The statistic shows the distribution of the workforce across economic sectors in China from 2014 to 2024. In 2024, around 22.2 percent of the workforce were employed in the agricultural sector, 29 percent in the industrial sector and 48.8 percent in the service sector. In 2022, the share of agriculture had increased for the first time in more than two decades, which highlights the difficult situation of the labor market due to the pandemic and economic downturn at the end of the year. Distribution of the workforce in China In 2012, China became the largest exporting country worldwide with an export value of about two trillion U.S. dollars. China’s economic system is largely based on growth and export, with the manufacturing sector being a crucial contributor to the country’s export competitiveness. Economic development was accompanied by a steady rise of labor costs, as well as a significant slowdown in labor force growth. These changes present a serious threat to the era of China as the world’s factory. The share of workforce in agriculture also steadily decreased in China until 2021, while the agricultural gross production value displayed continuous growth, amounting to approximately 7.8 trillion yuan in 2021. Development of the service sector Since 2011, the largest share of China’s labor force has been employed in the service sector. However, compared with developed countries, such as Japan or the United States, where 73 and 79 percent of the work force were active in services in 2023 respectively, the proportion of people working in the tertiary sector in China has been relatively low. The Chinese government aims to continue economic reform by moving from an emphasis on investment to consumption, among other measures. This might lead to a stronger service economy. Meanwhile, the size of the urban middle class in China is growing steadily. A growing number of affluent middle class consumers could promote consumption and help China move towards a balanced economy.

This dataset provides a historical summary of Cambodia’s key macroeconomic indicators, covering GDP, inflation, government budget, trade, liquidity, foreign reserves, and demographics. It tracks how the country’s economy evolved from 1993 to 2025p offering a foundational view for economic trend analysis, forecasting, and policymaking.

The Department of Treasury and Finance (DTF) monitors economic conditions in the Victorian economy and prepares forecasts of the main economic indicators of those conditions twice yearly for the …Show full descriptionThe Department of Treasury and Finance (DTF) monitors economic conditions in the Victorian economy and prepares forecasts of the main economic indicators of those conditions twice yearly for the current and four-ensuing years (the out-years). The economic forecasts underpin the Government's fiscal outlook presented in the Budget and Budget Update. The key economic indicators forecast growth in real gross state product (GSP) and the level of nominal GSP; growth in employment and the unemployment rate; growth in wages; growth in consumer prices (the CPI) and population growth. For further information refer to the Macroeconomic indicators methodology for making forecasts of macro-economic indicators.

This table contains contribution of tourism to the Dutch economy (employment, expenditure and value added at basic prices). Tourism is not an industry in itself, but covers a wide range of products and services. The figures are consistent with the conceptual framework of the National Accounts (NA) and can be compared with existing macroeconomic indicators such as the total value added at basic prises and employment in the Netherlands. The tourism accounts offer an integrated macroeconomic overview of the importance of tourism to the economy. Data available from: 2010. Status of the figures: Data from 2010 up to and including 2021 are final. Data of 2022 and 2023 are provisional. Changes as of 3 September 2024: This is a new table. Statistics Netherlands has carried out a revision of the national accounts. The Dutch national accounts are recently revised. New statistical sources, methods and concepts are implemented in the national accounts, in order to align the picture of the Dutch economy with all underlying source data and international guidelines for the compilation of the national accounts. This table contains revised data. For further information see section 3. When will new figures be published? Provisional data are published 8 months after the end of the reporting year. Final data are released 20 months after the end of the reporting year.