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Consistent growth in assets under management (AUM) has immensely benefited the Hedge Funds industry over the past five years. Industry servicers invest capital they receive from a variety of investor types across a broad range of asset classes and investment strategies. Operators collect a fee for the amount of money they manage for these clients and a percentage of gains they are able to generate on invested assets. This business model helped industry revenue climb at a CAGR of 7.7% to $127.4 billion over the past five years, including an expected incline of 5.7% in 2024. Despite economic volatility in 2020 due to the pandemic lowering interest rates, an incline in the value of stocks in 2020 positively affected many hedge funds. The S&P 500 climbed 16.3% in 2020, which helped increase AUM. Although industry professionals question the relevance of benchmarking hedge fund returns against equity performance, given that hedge funds rely on a range of instruments other than stocks, the industry's poor performance relative to the S&P 500 has begun to raise concern from some investors. These trends have affected the industry's structure, with the traditional 2.0 and 20.0 structure of a flat fee on total AUM and a right-to-earned profit deteriorating into a 1.4 and 16.0 arrangement. As a result, industry profit, measured as earnings before interest and taxes, has been hindered over the past five years. Industry revenue is expected to grow at a CAGR of 3.1% to $148.5 billion over the next five years. AUM is forecast to continue increasing at a consistent rate, partly due to the diversification benefits that hedge funds provide. Nonetheless, increased regulation stemming from the global financial crisis and an escalating focus on the industry's tax structure has the potential to harm industry profit. Further economic uncertainty stemming from heightened inflation and persistently high interest rates is anticipated to dampen any large-scale growth for the industry as more hedge funds take a hawkish approach in their investment portfolio moving forward. Regardless, the number of new hedge funds is forecast to trend with AUM and revenue over the next five years.

The hedge fund industry boomed in the 1990s, and the value of assets managed by hedge funds worldwide grew steadily until 2007. The value fell markedly the following year because of the financial crisis and did not recover until 2013. In 2024, the value of assets under management (AUM) of hedge funds reached over **** trillion U.S. dollars. Which firms dominate the hedge fund industry? The biggest hedge funds in the market typically attain their size by combining exceptional results, a solid track record, and efficient risk management tactics. In 2023, Field Street Capital Management was the biggest hedge fund company, with nearly *** billion U.S. dollars of assets under management. Some other prominent global hedge funds by AUM include Citadel, Bridgewater Associates, Mariner Investment Group LLC, etc. These industry giants often boast a diverse range of investment strategies and maintain a global presence, which allows them to capitalize on opportunities across diverse sectors and assets. Hedge Funds: What's changing? Hedge funds constantly tweak their investment strategies to keep up with market shifts. The cryptocurrency market introduces a novel asset class that is distinct from traditional financial markets. Therefore, the primary reason behind hedge funds investing in digital assets was to diversify their portfolios. The escalating interest in cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology prompted hedge funds to explore new prospects and risks associated with digital assets. In 2021, the average assets under management of crypto hedge funds more than doubled from the previous year, rising from ** to ** million U.S. dollars.

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Hedge Fund Market in US Size 2025-2029

The US hedge fund market size is forecast to increase by USD 738 billion at a CAGR of 8.1% between 2024 and 2029.

US Hedge Fund Market is experiencing significant growth due to increasing investor interest in alternative investment options. This trend is driven by the desire for higher returns and risk diversification, leading to a surge in assets under management. Furthermore, technological advancements are transforming the hedge fund industry, enabling companies to offer innovative solutions and improve operational efficiency. However, the market is not without challenges. Regulatory constraints continue to pose significant obstacles, with stringent regulations governing fund operations, investor protection, and transparency.
Compliance with these regulations requires substantial resources and expertise, presenting a significant challenge for hedge fund managers. Companies seeking to capitalize on market opportunities and navigate these challenges effectively must stay informed of regulatory developments and invest in robust compliance frameworks. Additionally, leveraging technology to streamline operations and enhance transparency can help hedge funds remain competitive and meet investor demands.

What will be the Size of the Hedge Fund Market in US during the forecast period?

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US hedge funds market activities and evolving patterns continue to unfold, shaping the industry's landscape. Hedge funds employ various strategies, such as quantitative methods, algorithmic trading, and relative value strategies, to manage risk and generate alpha. Investor relations play a crucial role in attracting and retaining capital from high-net-worth individuals, family offices, pension funds, and institutional investors. Fund of funds and multi-strategy funds offer diversification, while big data analytics and alternative data inform investment decisions. Machine learning and artificial intelligence enhance risk management and performance measurement. Regulatory compliance and transparency are essential components of hedge fund operations, ensuring liquidity and mitigating drawdowns.
Market dynamics are influenced by various factors, including hedge fund leverage, volatility, and capacity. Hedge fund managers must navigate these complexities to deliver competitive returns, employing due diligence and effective fee structures. Hedge fund distribution channels, such as conferences and sales efforts, facilitate access to new investors. The hedge fund market is a continually evolving ecosystem, where technology, regulatory requirements, and investor expectations shape the industry's future. Hedge fund liquidation and exit strategies, performance fees, and risk appetite are critical considerations for hedge fund managers and investors alike. Ultimately, the hedge fund industry's success hinges on its ability to adapt and innovate in a rapidly changing financial landscape.

How is this Hedge Fund in US Industry segmented?

The hedge fund in US industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  Offshore
  Domestic
  Fund of funds


Method

  Long and short equity
  Event driven
  Global macro
  Others


End-user

  Institutional
  Individual


Fund Structure

  Small (
  Medium (USD500M-USD2B)
  Large (>USD2B)


Investor Type

  Institutional
  High-Net-Worth Individuals


Geography

  North America

    US

By Type Insights

The offshore segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The offshore segment of the hedge fund market in the US houses funds that are managed or marketed by American firms but are domiciled and operated in offshore jurisdictions. These funds, located in financial centers known for their favorable regulatory environments, tax treatment, and legal infrastructure, offer investors tax efficiency through lower or zero taxation on investment income, capital gains, and distributions. The reduced regulatory burden in offshore jurisdictions enables greater flexibility in fund operations, investment strategies, and disclosure obligations, making offshore hedge funds an appealing choice for tax-conscious investors. Portfolio construction, risk management, and hedge fund allocation strategies are crucial elements for these funds, with relative value and long-short equity strategies commonly employed.

Performance fees and management fees are the primary revenue sources for hedge fund managers, while family offices and institutional investors provide significant hedge fund capital. Regulatory compliance and due diligence are essential for investors, ensuring transparency and performance measurement. Hedge fund research, risk appetite, and investor r

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The United States was the leading country in terms of hedge funds assets under management in 2019. Hedge fund managers based in the United States had assets under management worth around *** trillion U.S. dollars. The United Kingdom followed with the second highest assets under management, reaching *** billion U.S. dollars. Despite a sharp contraction during the 2008 financial crisis, the total value of assets managed by hedge funds worldwide increased considerably between 1997 and 2020.

How does hedge funds work?

Hedge funds are alternative investments in which a manager employs a wide set of different strategies in the attempt to provide investors with active returns using pooled funds. The strategies available to hedge fund managers are many, ranging from riskier ones, such as merger arbitrage, to other strategies aimed at reducing market exposure, such as the market-neutral one. Hedge funds require a relatively high initial investment, and they are typically accessible only to accredited investors, such as high net worth individuals (HNIs), pension funds, insurance companies, and banks.

Crypto hedge funds

As opposed to traditional hedge funds, crypto hedge funds pool capital from investors into assets focusing entirely or partially on cryptocurrencies. Currently, the main focus areas of crypto hedge funds are Ethereum and Bitcoin, and a significant correlation was found between the number of new crypto hedge funds launched and the price of the latter. The average assets under management of crypto hedge funds increased considerably since 2019, reaching a value of almost ** million dollars as of 2020.

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As of June 17, 2024, the most shorted stock was for, the American holographic technology services provider, MicroCloud Hologram Inc., with 66.64 percent of their total float having been shorted. This is a change from mid-January 2021, when video game retailed GameStop had an incredible 121.07 percent of their available shares in a short position. In effect this means that investors had 'borrowed' more shares (with a future promise to return them) than the total number of shares available for public trading. Owing to this behavior of professional investors, retail investors enacted a campaign to drive up the stock price of Gamestop, leading to losses of billions when investors had to repurchase the stock they had borrowed. At this time, a similar – but less effective – social media campaign was also carried out for the stock price of cinema operator AMC, and the price of silver. What is short selling? Short selling is essentially where an investor bets on a share price falling by: borrowing a number of shares selling these shares while the price is still high; purchasing the same number again once the price falls; then returning the borrowed shares at a profit. Of course, a profit will only be made if the share price does fall; should the share price rise the investor will then need to purchase the shares back at a higher price, and thus incur a loss. Short selling can lead to some very large profits in a short amount of time, with Tesla stock generating over one billion dollars in short sell profits during the first week of March 2020 alone, owing to the financial crash caused by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. However, owing to the short-term, opportunistic nature of short selling, these returns look less impressive when considered as net profits from short sell positions over the full year. The risks of short selling Short selling carries greater risks than traditional investments, and for this reason financial advisors often recommend against this strategy for ‘retail’ (i.e. non-professional) investors. The reason for this is that losses from short selling are potentially uncapped, whereas losses from traditional investments are limited to the initial cost. For example, if someone purchases 100 dollars of shares, the maximum they can lose is the 100 dollars the spent on those shares. However, say someone borrows 100 dollars of shares instead, betting on the price falling. If these shares are then sold for 100 dollars but the price subsequently rises, the losses could greatly exceed the initial investment should the price rise to, say, 500 dollars. The risks of short selling can be seen by looking again at Tesla, with the company causing the greatest losses over 2020 from short selling at over 40 billion U.S. dollars.

Stock Fund Sales Market Outlook

The global stock fund sales market is projected to witness substantial growth, expanding from an estimated USD 20 trillion in 2023 to approximately USD 35 trillion by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6%. This robust market size increase is driven by several key factors, including rising disposable incomes, growing awareness of investment opportunities, and the increasing popularity of diversified investment portfolios. The growth in the stock fund sales market is underpinned by the increasing number of retail and institutional investors seeking to capitalize on the benefits of stock funds as a vehicle for wealth accumulation and risk management.

A significant growth factor in the stock fund sales market is the proliferation of financial literacy programs and investment education. As governments and financial institutions worldwide invest in educating the masses about the importance of saving and investing, more individuals are becoming aware of stock funds as a viable and lucrative investment option. This educational push has led to an upsurge in the number of retail investors entering the market, thereby driving demand for various types of stock funds. Additionally, the ease of access to information through the internet and social media platforms has further facilitated this growth, enabling potential investors to make more informed decisions.

Another driving factor is the technological advancements in financial services, especially in the realm of online trading and investment platforms. The advent of robo-advisors and automated trading systems has made it easier for individuals to invest in stock funds with little to no manual intervention. These platforms provide personalized investment advice and portfolio management services, which have democratized access to sophisticated investment strategies previously available only to high-net-worth individuals. The convenience, lower fees, and increased transparency offered by these technologies have significantly contributed to the growth of the stock fund sales market.

Moreover, the increasing globalization of financial markets has played a crucial role in the expansion of the stock fund sales market. With the removal of barriers to capital flows across borders, investors now have greater access to international stock funds. This trend has been particularly pronounced in emerging markets, where economic growth rates are higher, and investment opportunities are abundant. As a result, there has been a notable increase in the demand for global and regional stock funds, further propelling market growth. Additionally, regulatory reforms in various countries aimed at protecting investors and ensuring market stability have boosted investor confidence, thereby encouraging more investment in stock funds.

From a regional perspective, North America continues to dominate the stock fund sales market, accounting for a significant share of the global market. The region's well-developed financial infrastructure, high levels of disposable income, and a strong culture of investment are key factors driving this dominance. Additionally, the presence of major financial institutions and asset management companies in North America supports the growth of the stock fund market. However, the Asia Pacific region is expected to witness the fastest growth during the forecast period, driven by rapid economic development, increasing financial literacy, and a burgeoning middle class with rising disposable incomes. The growing penetration of digital financial services in countries such as China and India is also a significant contributor to the region's growth.

Fund Type Analysis

The stock fund sales market can be segmented by fund type, including equity funds, bond funds, money market funds, hybrid funds, and others. Equity funds are among the most popular types of stock funds, attracting a significant portion of investor capital. These funds invest primarily in stocks and aim to generate high returns by capitalizing on the growth potential of companies. The appeal of equity funds lies in their potential for higher returns compared to other types of investments, albeit with a higher level of risk. Factors such as market volatility, economic conditions, and company performance play crucial roles in determining the success of equity funds. The increasing awareness of the long-term benefits of equity investments is driving the demand for these funds.

Bond funds, which invest in various types of bonds, are another important segment within the stock fund sales market. These funds are generally considered safer t

The United Kingdom Hedge Funds Market is Segmented by Investment Strategy (Equity Long/Short, Global Macro, Event-Driven, and More), Investor Type (Pension Funds, Insurance Companies, and More), Distribution Channel (Direct Sales, Placement Agents/Intermediaries, and More), Fund Domicile & Structure (UK-Onshore, Offshore, Cayman, and More), and Region. The Market Forecasts are Provided in Value (USD).

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The total global net assets of mutual funds registered in the United States amounted to approximately 25.5 trillion U.S. dollars in 2023, compared to around 5.53 trillion U.S. dollars in 1998. Mutual funds - additional information Mutual funds are investment funds in which the capital is pooled from a number of different investors and then used to buy securities such as stocks, bonds or money market instruments. Although investing in mutual funds, rather than direct investment in individual securities, still presents a certain degree of risk, it has become more and more common practice around the world. One of the biggest advantages of this type of investment is the fact that the fund assets are managed by professionals, who aim to eliminate some of the risk involved in investing in individual stocks and bonds through diversification of assets. As of 2022, there were almost 7,400 mutual funds domiciled in the United States. There are four main types of mutual funds, categorized by the nature of their principal investments, namely: stock or equity funds (whether domestic or international), bond or fixed income funds, money market funds and hybrid funds. In 2022, domestic equity funds were the most popular category in the United States, representing 46 percent of all mutual fund and ETF assets.

In 2023, 52 percent of the households in the United States owned shares in a mutual fund. This is a significant increase on the 5.7 percent recorded in 1980, but close to 46.3 percent found in 2013.Mutual fundsA mutual fund is a variety of collective investment vehicle, managed professionally that pools money from many investors in order to purchase securities. They play an important role in household finances in the United States of today, most notably in retirement planning. It is commonly applied only to the forms of collective investment that are regulated and are sold to the public at large. The majority of mutual funds are what is known as ‘open-ended’, meaning that shares can be bought or sold at anytime. There are a number of advantages associated with mutual funds as opposed to direct investment in individual securities. The nature of the fund as a collective investment vehicle provides increased diversification and ease of comparison to investors. The fact that they are managed professionally, and that the investment is pooled, enables participation in investments that would normally only be available to larger investors. Mutual funds are also stable in price as daily liquidity ensures minimum loss of value. Despite several advantages, as with every aspect of investment some disadvantages are to be taken into account. Fees are an inevitable part of a professionally managed fund, as is the inability to customize the investment. A common complains is also that the investor has less control over timing of the recognition of their gains.

As of 2024, there were roughly over ***** equity long/short hedge funds operating worldwide. These are hedge funds that take both long and short positions in investments. While multi-strategy hedge funds were among the top performers by net annualized return, these hedge fund types formed a lower portion of the hedge fund pool, with *** being operational in 2024. Growth of the hedge fund industry The hedge fund industry has experienced steady growth since its boom in the 1990s. Despite facing setbacks including that of the 2008 fiscal crisis, the industry has rebounded, managing assets valued at over ************* U.S. dollars in 2024. This continued success has been partly due to the industry's resilience and adaptability, adjusting investment strategies and portfolio holdings to changing market dynamics. How do different fund strategies impact performance? Hedge fund performance can vary considerably depending on the investment strategy adopted. Those following a multi-strategy approach achieved the highest net performance over one-, three-, and five-year periods. This strategy allocates funds across multiple sub-strategies and asset classes, resulting in highly diverse portfolios with a one-year median net performance exceeding ** percent in 2024. Conversely, arbitrage strategies, which leverage mispricing in equity shares to generate maximum returns, delivered the ************* net returns over a one-year period in 2024.

The UK hedge fund industry, a significant player in global finance, is experiencing robust growth, fueled by a confluence of factors. The market, currently estimated at £250 billion in 2025, is projected to maintain a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) exceeding 8% through 2033. This expansion is driven primarily by increasing investor interest in alternative investment strategies, particularly in response to market volatility and low interest rates. The burgeoning popularity of strategies like alternative risk premia and event-driven investing is contributing significantly to this growth. Furthermore, technological advancements, improved data analytics, and the increasing sophistication of investment strategies are enhancing the industry's performance and attracting further investment. The UK's established regulatory framework and its position as a global financial hub also continue to draw significant assets to the sector. Competition is fierce amongst established players like Man Group, Brevan Howard, and Lansdowne Partners, pushing firms to innovate and refine their strategies to capture market share. However, regulatory scrutiny and macroeconomic uncertainty pose ongoing challenges. Despite the positive outlook, the industry faces headwinds. Increased regulatory oversight and compliance costs could potentially dampen growth. Geopolitical instability and evolving macroeconomic conditions represent significant risks. Competition from other asset classes, along with fluctuating investor sentiment, can impact capital inflows. Segmentation within the industry, with strategies such as equity, fixed income, and multi-strategy funds exhibiting varying performance trajectories, highlights the dynamic nature of this market. Nevertheless, the long-term prospects for the UK hedge fund industry remain promising, predicated on its adaptability, innovative capacity, and the continued demand for sophisticated investment solutions. Growth is expected to be geographically diverse, with North America and Asia-Pacific regions anticipated to show significant expansion, leveraging the global reach of many UK-based hedge funds. Recent developments include: In January 2023: Tiger Global Management fund is accelerating its transformation from a traditional stock-picking hedge find to a venture capital investment business, with startup bets now accounting for nearly 75% of the firm's assets., In January 2023: SurgoCap Partners, a new hedge fund founded by Maia Gaonkar, started trading on Tuesday with USD 1.8 billion under management, making it the largest-ever debut of a female-led hedge fund.. Notable trends are: Assets Managed in the UK by Client Type.

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Hedge Fund Management Fee Market Outlook

The Hedge Fund Management Fee market, with a global market size estimated at $45 billion in 2023, is anticipated to grow to approximately $70 billion by 2032, reflecting a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of around 5%. The growth of this market is predominantly driven by the increasing demand for alternative investment strategies, heightened by economic uncertainties and the search for higher returns.

One of the primary growth factors for the hedge fund management fee market is the rising interest from institutional investors. Pension funds, endowments, and insurance companies are increasingly allocating a portion of their portfolios to hedge funds in a bid to diversify and enhance returns. This institutional appetite for hedge funds has significantly bolstered the demand, leading to an increase in both management and performance fees. Furthermore, the growing emphasis on ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) investing has led hedge funds to develop more specialized strategies, which often command higher fees.

Another critical factor contributing to market growth is the increasing wealth of high-net-worth individuals (HNWIs). As global wealth accumulation continues, more individuals are seeking sophisticated investment vehicles to preserve and grow their capital. Hedge funds, known for their ability to deploy complex strategies and generate alpha, are a preferred choice for these investors. This trend is particularly pronounced in emerging markets where the number of HNWIs is expanding rapidly, thereby driving demand for hedge fund services and, consequently, management fees.

The technological advancements in trading and data analytics also play a pivotal role in the growth of the hedge fund management fee market. The adoption of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and algorithmic trading has enabled hedge funds to achieve superior performance, justifying higher performance fees. Additionally, the increasing accessibility of big data has allowed fund managers to enhance their decision-making processes, leading to better risk management and improved returns. These technological enhancements not only attract more investors but also support the growth of higher fee structures.

Regionally, North America holds the largest share of the hedge fund management fee market, driven by a mature financial ecosystem and a high concentration of institutional investors. The Asia Pacific region, however, is expected to exhibit the highest growth rate, with a CAGR of over 6%. This growth is fueled by the rapid economic expansion, increasing financial market sophistication, and rising wealth in countries like China and India. Europe also presents significant opportunities, particularly with the increasing focus on ESG and sustainable investing.

In the context of hedge fund investments, M&A Funds have emerged as a significant area of interest. These funds specialize in strategies that capitalize on corporate mergers and acquisitions, offering unique opportunities for investors seeking to benefit from the volatility and price movements associated with such events. M&A Funds typically employ event-driven strategies, analyzing potential deals and their implications on stock prices. This approach not only provides diversification benefits but also allows investors to tap into the lucrative world of corporate restructuring. As companies continue to pursue mergers and acquisitions to achieve growth and competitive advantage, M&A Funds are well-positioned to capture value from these transactions, thereby enhancing the overall appeal of hedge fund investments.

Fee Structure Analysis

The fee structure in the hedge fund management fee market is primarily divided into management fees and performance fees. Management fees, typically charged as a percentage of assets under management (AUM), are a stable income source for hedge funds. These fees cover operational costs and provide a steady revenue stream regardless of fund performance. The standard rate for management fees has historically been around 2%, but competitive pressures and investor demands have led to a downward trend, with many funds now charging between 1% and 1.5%.

Performance fees, on the other hand, are contingent on the fund's success in generating returns above a specified benchmark. Commonly set at 20% of the profits, performance fees align the interests of fund managers with those of investors, incenti

As of January 2025, the Vanguard Group ranked ****** among global fund managers by assets under management (AUM). Rounding out the top *****, Charles Schwab ranked *****, managing fund assets totaling **** trillion U.S. dollars. BlackRock was the ******* fund manager, managing fund assets exceeding ***** trillion U.S. Types of investment funds. Investment funds are an important part of financial planning and investing. There are several different types of investment funds offered by fund managers, each with their own purpose and asset types. Mutual funds pool money from many investors and use that money to purchase a portfolio of stocks, bonds, and other securities. Index funds are a type of mutual fund that tracks a market index, like the S&P 500. Exchange-traded funds (ETFs) are a type of mutual fund, that is continuously traded on a stock exchange. ETFs often track market indexes or sectors. Real estate investment trusts (REITs) provide both retail and institutional investors with exposure to income-generating real estate assets such as office buildings, apartments and hotels, without having to fully invest in an individual property. The benefits of investment funds. The main advantage of investment funds is that they provide instant portfolio diversification. Rather than choosing just a few stocks or bonds, funds allow you to invest in a wide variety of different securities in one purchase. This helps reduce risk, as poor performance of one holding has less impact on the overall fund. Funds also provide access to professional management and research. Managers can take advantage of opportunities and insights that an individual investor may not have the ability to leverage. Finally, funds offer convenience. Investors won't be required to constantly rebalance portfolios. While costs and fees are a consideration, investment funds can be an excellent hands-off way for both retail and institutional investors to benefit from the market while spreading risk over many asset classes and securities.

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