With almost all major religions being practiced throughout the country, India is known for its religious diversity. Islam makes up the highest share among minority faiths in the country. According to the Indian census of 2011, the Muslim population in Uttar Pradesh more than ** million, making it the state with the most Muslims.

Socio-economic conditions of Muslims
Muslims seem to lag behind every other religious community in India in terms of living standards, financial stability, education and other aspects, thereby showing poor performance in most of the fields. According to a national survey, 17 percent of the Muslims were categorized under the lowest wealth index, which indicates poor socio-economic conditions.

Growth of Muslim population in India
Islam is one of the fastest-growing religions worldwide. According to India’s census, the Muslim population has witnessed a negative decadal growth of more than ** percent from 1951 to 1960, presumably due to the partitions forming Pakistan and Bangladesh. The population showed a positive and steady growth since 1961, making up ** percent of the total population of India . Even though people following Islam were estimated to grow significantly, they would still remain a minority in India compared to *** billion Hindus by 2050.

India Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Urban data was reported at 68,740,419.000 Person in 2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 49,393,496.000 Person for 2001. India Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Urban data is updated yearly, averaging 59,066,957.500 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 68,740,419.000 Person in 2011 and a record low of 49,393,496.000 Person in 2001. India Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Urban data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Census of India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE001: Census: Population: by Religion.

According to the latest census data, Lakshadweep, the island union territory had the highest share of Muslim population in the country, where ** percent of its population identified as followers of the Islamic faith. Jammu & Kashmir ranked second at ** percent during the same time period. With almost all major religions being practiced throughout the country, India is known for its religious diversity. Islam makes up the highest share among minority faiths in the country.

According to India's last census in 2011, about 14.2 percent of the total population identified as Muslims. This was an increase from about ten percent in 1951. Overall, India has been a religiously pluralistic and multiethnic democracy with people of several faiths.

Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Uttarakhand data was reported at 1,406,825.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,012,141.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Uttarakhand data is updated decadal, averaging 1,209,483.000 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,406,825.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 1,012,141.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Uttarakhand data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE003: Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim.

According to data published by Ipsos, Indian respondents overestimated the proportion of Muslim population in their country. On average, the respondents thought that around ** out of every 100 people in India were Muslims, when the actual share of Muslim population was around ** percent in the country.

Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Gujarat data was reported at 5,846,761.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 4,592,854.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Gujarat data is updated decadal, averaging 5,219,807.500 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5,846,761.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 4,592,854.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Gujarat data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE003: Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim.

Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Uttarakhand: Male data was reported at 740,057.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 539,740.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Uttarakhand: Male data is updated decadal, averaging 639,898.500 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 740,057.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 539,740.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Uttarakhand: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE003: Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim.

Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Madhya Pradesh data was reported at 4,774,695.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 3,841,449.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Madhya Pradesh data is updated decadal, averaging 4,308,072.000 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,774,695.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 3,841,449.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Madhya Pradesh data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE003: Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim.

According to India's last census in 2011, the Muslim population had about 24.6 percent of decadal growth rate, while Hindus had a decadal growth rate of 16.8 percent. India, a secular nation provides religious freedom as a fundamental right under the constitution to its citizens.

Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Karnataka: Male data was reported at 4,007,871.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 3,302,582.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Karnataka: Male data is updated decadal, averaging 3,655,226.500 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,007,871.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 3,302,582.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Karnataka: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE003: Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim.

It was estimated that by 2050, India's Muslim population would grow by ** percent compared to 2010. For followers of the Hindu faith, this change stood at ** percent. According to this projection, the south Asian country would be home not just to the world's majority of Hindus, but also Muslims by this time period. Regardless, the latter would continue to remain a minority within the country at ** percent, with ** percent or *** billion Hindus at the forefront by 2050.

Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Uttarakhand: Female data was reported at 666,768.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 472,401.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Uttarakhand: Female data is updated decadal, averaging 569,584.500 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 666,768.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 472,401.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Uttarakhand: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE003: Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim.

Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Uttar Pradesh: Female data was reported at 18,616,653.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 14,711,596.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Uttar Pradesh: Female data is updated decadal, averaging 16,664,124.500 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 18,616,653.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 14,711,596.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Uttar Pradesh: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE003: Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim.

According to a survey conducted in India in February and March 2022, the highest share of Muslim respondents living in that country will be shopping for Ramadan just before the celebrations will begin in the mid of March, that is from March 1, 2022 to March 15, 2022, amounting to 35 percent. Comparatively, out of all time frame options, five percent of Muslim respondents in India will be doing shopping for Ramadan in February in 2022.

Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Chandigarh data was reported at 51,447.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 35,548.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Chandigarh data is updated decadal, averaging 43,497.500 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 51,447.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 35,548.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Chandigarh data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE003: Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim.

Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Delhi data was reported at 2,158,684.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,623,520.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Delhi data is updated decadal, averaging 1,891,102.000 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,158,684.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 1,623,520.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Delhi data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE003: Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim.

The average for 2013 based on 13 countries was 34.6 percent. The highest value was in Iran: 90 percent and the lowest value was in India: 3 percent. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2013. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Andhra Pradesh: Female data was reported at 3,996,499.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 3,424,617.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Andhra Pradesh: Female data is updated decadal, averaging 3,710,558.000 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3,996,499.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 3,424,617.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Andhra Pradesh: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE003: Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim.

Religion and Bangladesh

Religion in Bangladesh is a sensitive issue, mostly because Bangladesh is officially a secular state but recognizes Islam as an official, state religion. Historically and doctrinally, Islamic scholars don’t accept nations that are secular because they think that religion, society and private life are all part of the great community they like to call ‘umma’.

The main religion in Bangladesh is Islam because it is practiced by almost 90 percent of the country’s population. The rest of 10 percent adhere to Hinduism. The type of Islam that is practiced in Bangladesh is Sunni Islam with a lot of Sufi influences. Sunni is the most numerous branch of Islam in the world. Countries like Egypt and Saudi Arabia have Sunni majority populations. The Sufi practices that influence the Islamic religion in Bangladesh are commonly known as mysticism. Sufi followers are poor men that don’t eat, don’t drink and spend their days in deep prayer in order to achieve spiritual connection with God.

Bangladesh has the fourth largest Muslim population in the world, with over 130 million followers, right after Indonesia, Pakistan and India. In its constitution, Bangladesh is recognized as a secular state. For a short period of time, when Bangladesh was under Pakistani rule, Islam was made the state’s official religion. But the Supreme Court or High Court of Bangladesh ruled that Bangladesh must return to the principles of the 1972 constitution, meaning that it mustn’t have an official religion.

The problem with Islam gaining too much power in Bangladesh is that it unbalances the genders issues. Islamic edicts or fatwas have been issued mostly against women by religious courts as punishments for their nonreligious behavior. Global NGO’s are fighting such edicts in order to maintain a fair judgment when it comes to men and women. Bangladesh is a country where gender issues, as well as religious issues are very sensitive subjects.