In 2022, Indonesia has the largest population of Muslims worldwide with around 241.5 million. This was followed with around 225.6 million Muslims in Pakistan and 211.16 million Muslims in India.

Associated with manuscript titled: Fifty Muslim-majority countries have fewer COVID-19 cases and deaths than the 50 richest non-Muslim countriesThe objective of this research was to determine the difference in the total number of COVID-19 cases and deaths between Muslim-majority and non-Muslim countries, and investigate reasons for the disparities. Methods: The 50 Muslim-majority countries had more than 50.0% Muslims with an average of 87.5%. The non-Muslim country sample consisted of 50 countries with the highest GDP while omitting any Muslim-majority countries listed. The non-Muslim countries’ average percentage of Muslims was 4.7%. Data pulled on September 18, 2020 included the percentage of Muslim population per country by World Population Review15 and GDP per country, population count, and total number of COVID-19 cases and deaths by Worldometers.16 The data set was transferred via an Excel spreadsheet on September 23, 2020 and analyzed. To measure COVID-19’s incidence in the countries, three different Average Treatment Methods (ATE) were used to validate the results. Results published as a preprint at https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/84zq5(15) Muslim Majority Countries 2020 [Internet]. Walnut (CA): World Population Review. 2020- [Cited 2020 Sept 28]. Available from: http://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/muslim-majority-countries (16) Worldometers.info. Worldometer. Dover (DE): Worldometer; 2020 [cited 2020 Sept 28]. Available from: http://worldometers.info

This statistic shows the Muslim population worldwide as of 2010, by region. As of 2010, the Asia Pacific region had the highest Muslim population, at 986.6 million people.

The average for 2013 based on 128 countries was 34.3 percent. The highest value was in Algeria: 100 percent and the lowest value was in Angola: 0 percent. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2013. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Islam is the major religion in many African countries, especially in the north of the continent. In Comoros, Libya, Western Sahara, at least 99 percent of the population was Muslim as of 202. These were the highest percentages on the continent. However, also in many other African nations, the majority of the population was Muslim. In Egypt, for instance, Islam was the religion of 79 percent of the people. Islam and other religions in Africa Africa accounts for an important share of the world’s Muslim population. As of 2019, 16 percent of the Muslims worldwide lived in Sub-Saharan Africa, while 20 percent of them lived in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Together with Christianity, Islam is the most common religious affiliation in Africa, followed by several traditional African religions. Although to a smaller extent, numerous other religions are practiced on the continent: these include Judaism, the Baha’i Faith, Hinduism, and Buddhism. Number of Muslims worldwide Islam is one of the most widespread religions in the world. There are approximately 1.9 billion Muslims globally, with the largest Muslim communities living in the Asia-Pacific region. Specifically, Indonesia hosts the highest number of Muslims worldwide, amounting to over 200 million, followed by India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. Islam is also present in Europe and America. The largest Islamic communities in Europe are in France (5.72 million), Germany (4.95 million), and the United Kingdom (4.13 million). In the United States, there is an estimated number of around 3.45 million Muslims.

In 2022, around 31.6 percent of the global population were identify as Christian. Around 25.8 percent of the global population identify as Muslims, followed by 15.1 percent of global populations as Hindu.

Dataset

This dataset was created by Ifeanyichukwu Nwobodo

Contents

From 2022 to 2060, the worldwide population of Muslims is expected to increase by 45.7 percent. For the same period, the global population of Buddhists is expected to decrease by 12.2 percent.

In 2023, it was estimated that approximately 87 percent of the Indonesian population were Muslim, accounting for the highest share of Muslims in any Southeast Asian country. Indonesia also has the world's largest Muslim population, with an estimated 229 million Muslims.

Demographics of Indonesia

The total population of Indonesia was estimated to reach around 290 million in 2028. The median age of the population in the country was at an all-time high in 2020 and was projected to increase continuously until the end of the century. In 2020, the population density in Indonesia reached its highest value recorded at about 145.7 people per square kilometer.

Shopping behavior during Ramadan in Indonesia

Nearly all Muslims in Indonesia celebrated Ramadan in 2022. During the month of Ramadan, 60 percent of Indonesian users utilized online applications to order food. Many Indonesians planned to shop online or offline during Ramadan, with around 76 percent of online users planning to purchase fashion wear and accessories. Shopee was the most used app for shopping purposes during that period.

The Islamic necropolis discovered in Tauste (Zaragoza, Spain) is the only evidence that a large Muslim community lived in the area between the 8th and 10th centuries. A multi-isotope approach has been used to investigate the mobility and diet of this medieval Muslim population living in a shifting frontier region. Thirty-one individuals were analyzed to determine δ15N, δ13C, δ18O and 87Sr/86Sr composition. A combination of strontium and oxygen isotope analysis indicated that most individuals were of local origin although three females and two males were non-local. The non-local males would be from a warmer zone whereas two of the females would be from a more mountainous geographical region and the third from a geologically-different area. The extremely high δ15N baseline at Tauste was due to bedrock composition (gypsum and salt). High individual δ15N values were related to the manuring effect and consumption of fish. Adult males were the most privileged members of society in the medieval Muslim world and, as isotope data reflected, consumed more animal proteins than females and young males.

As of 2010, Christianity was the religion with the most followers worldwide, followed by Islam (Muslims) and Hinduism. In the forty years between 2010 and 2050, it is projected that the landscape of world religions will undergo some noticeable changes, with the number of Muslims almost catching up to Christians. The changes in population sizes of each religious group is largely dependent on demographic development, for example, the rise in the world's Christian population will largely be driven by population growth in Sub-Saharan Africa, while Muslim populations will rise across various regions of Africa and South Asia. As India's population is set to grow while China's goes into decline, this will be reflected in the fact that Hindus will outnumber the unaffiliated by 2050. In fact, India may be home to both the largest Hindu and Muslim populations in the world by the middle of this century.

Mexico: Muslims as percent of the total population: The latest value from is percent, unavailable from percent in . In comparison, the world average is 0.0 percent, based on data from countries. Historically, the average for Mexico from to is percent. The minimum value, percent, was reached in while the maximum of percent was recorded in .

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The United Kingdom: Sunni Muslims as percent of the total population: The latest value from is percent, unavailable from percent in . In comparison, the world average is 0.0 percent, based on data from countries. Historically, the average for the United Kingdom from to is percent. The minimum value, percent, was reached in while the maximum of percent was recorded in .

This statistic shows the estimated number of Muslims living in different European countries as of 2016. Approximately 5.72 million Muslims were estimated to live in France, the most of any country listed. Germany and the United Kingdom also have large muslim populations with 4.95 million and 4.13 million respectively.

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Dominica: Muslims as percent of the total population: The latest value from is percent, unavailable from percent in . In comparison, the world average is 0.0 percent, based on data from countries. Historically, the average for Dominica from to is percent. The minimum value, percent, was reached in while the maximum of percent was recorded in .

The global Muslim foods market is experiencing robust growth, driven by the increasing Muslim population worldwide and a rising awareness of halal food choices. The market, estimated at $1.5 trillion in 2025, is projected to maintain a healthy Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 8% from 2025 to 2033, reaching an estimated value of $2.7 trillion by 2033. Key drivers include the expanding middle class in Muslim-majority countries, increased disposable incomes enabling greater spending on premium and convenient halal food products, and the growing global demand for ethically and sustainably sourced food. Furthermore, the rising popularity of halal-certified food among non-Muslim consumers, driven by perceptions of high quality and safety standards, fuels market expansion. Major players such as Nestle, Cargill, and Unilever are significantly contributing to this growth through strategic investments, product innovations, and aggressive expansion into new markets. The market is segmented by product type (meat, dairy, processed foods, beverages), distribution channels (online, retail), and geographic region, with significant variations in growth rates across different regions reflecting diverse cultural preferences and economic factors.
Challenges remain, including ensuring consistent halal certification standards across different regions and addressing supply chain complexities related to the sourcing and processing of halal ingredients. However, industry efforts toward standardization and technological advancements in food processing and logistics are mitigating these challenges. The increasing availability of diverse halal food options, including ready-to-eat meals and convenient snacks tailored to specific dietary needs and preferences, further contributes to the sector's continued growth trajectory. This segment is primed for further expansion, particularly through the adoption of e-commerce and innovative marketing strategies that target specific demographic segments and address cultural nuances.

In 2020, around 98.5 percent of the Iranian population identified as Muslim. Around 81 percent identified as Shia Muslims in the same year, while a much smaller share followed the Sunni Muslim religion. In Iran, most Sunni Muslims belong to ethnic minority groups.

Iran’s demographics
The total population in Iran has grown steadily and is expected to surpass 90 million in 2028. The vast majority of the population in the country was between 15 and 64 years of age. At the same time, the share of people aged above 64 increased in recent years and constituted over seven percent of the total population.

Muslim population worldwide

In Europe, it was estimated that the Muslim population could triple by the middle of the century. In Southeast Asia, Indonesia had the largest share of Muslims as a proportion of its population. On the African continent, the highest number of Muslims was estimated in Nigeria, with close to a hundred million Islam followers. In the United States, less than one percent of the population identified as Muslims.

According to Cognitive Market Research, the global Halal market will be USD 2151.5 million in 2024 and expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.8% from 2024 to 2031.

North America held the major market of more than 40% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 860.60 million in 2024 and will expand at CAGR or a compound annual growth rate of 4% from 2024 to 2031.
Europe accounted for a share of over 30% of the global market size of USD 645.45 million.
Asia Pacific held the market of around 23% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 494.85 million in 2024 and will expand at CAGR or compound annual growth rate of 7.8% from 2024 to 2031.
Latin America's market will have more than 4% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 107.58 million in 2024 and will expand at CAGR or a compound annual growth rate of 5.2% from 2024 to 2031.
Middle East and Africa held the major market of around 2% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 43.03 million in 2024 and will expand at CAGR or compound annual growth rate of 5.5% from 2024 to 2031.
The Food and Beverage segment held the highest Halal market revenue share in 2024.

Market Dynamics of Halal Market

Key Drivers of Halal Market

Growing Muslim Community to Increase the Demand Globally

One major factor propelling the halal food business is the exponential rise in the Muslim population worldwide. The need for halal-certified goods is growing along with the Muslim population. It is anticipated that the number of Muslims worldwide will increase by about 50% by 2050 to 2.76 billion people. This change in the population closely correlates with an increase in the demand for halal cuisine in several different geographical areas, including both Muslim-majority nations and those with sizeable Muslim minorities. The global Muslim population is growing, which is driving market development. The market is expected to grow due to Muslims' desire for halal-certified food due to initiatives promoting food safety and cleanliness.

Increasing Customer Consciousness to Propel Market Growth

Even among non-Muslim communities, consumer knowledge of halal dietary needs has increased. People are increasingly pickier about what they eat, expecting high-quality, ethically sourced goods and demanding openness in food production. Due to their association with high ethical and quality standards, halal-certified food items are becoming increasingly preferred due to this awareness. Demand for halal products in non-Muslim nations is rising as a result of non-Muslim customers' growing interest in halal cuisine due to its perceived health and safety benefits. The governments of several nations, with a majority of Muslims, are moving to encourage the expansion of the halal food sector. To become a worldwide leader in the halal industry, the Malaysian government, for example, established the Halal Industry Master Plan 2030.

Restraint Factors Of Halal Market

Insufficient Standardisation to Limit the Sales

A significant obstacle confronting the worldwide halal food industry is the need for uniformity in the certification procedure. Different nations' various halal certification processes can be confusing and hinder firms' efforts to enter new markets. Specific slaughter techniques may be mandated by certain nations, while handling and processing of halal goods may be subject to extra regulations in others. Furthermore, there needs to be more clarity on the ingredients that make up halal food, further impedes market expansion. For example, it sometimes needs to be clarified which ingredients are halal and which aren't. This and the usage of non-halal components in halal cuisine may need to be clarified for customers and producers.

Impact of COVID-19 on Halal Market

The interruption of the food supply chain brought on by the spread of COVID-19 has a detrimental effect on the global halal food business. Leading producers experienced workforce shortages and interruptions in the halal food import and export market, substantially impacting the food's suitability for consumption and sales. Concerns about safety and cleanliness during the epidemic also contributed to a decline in the market's demand for beef products. Moreover, COVID-19 has also influenced restaurant and food outlet closures. For example, the pandemic caused eateries and food outlets to c...