NACC’s Uniform Data Set (UDS), collected since 2005, is widely regarded as the gold standard by the field. This longitudinal, multi-domain neurocognitive and phenotypic dataset includes robust, criteria-based diagnoses, providing a valuable foundation for grounding other studies. UDS data collection instruments are trusted benchmarks in Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) clinical phenotypic assessments globally.

Hydrographic and Impairment Statistics (HIS) is a National Park Service (NPS) Water Resources Division (WRD) project established to track certain goals created in response to the Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (GPRA). One water resources management goal established by the Department of the Interior under GRPA requires NPS to track the percent of its managed surface waters that are meeting Clean Water Act (CWA) water quality standards. This goal requires an accurate inventory that spatially quantifies the surface water hydrography that each bureau manages and a procedure to determine and track which waterbodies are or are not meeting water quality standards as outlined by Section 303(d) of the CWA. This project helps meet this DOI GRPA goal by inventorying and monitoring in a geographic information system for the NPS: (1) CWA 303(d) quality impaired waters and causes; and (2) hydrographic statistics based on the United States Geological Survey (USGS) National Hydrography Dataset (NHD). Hydrographic and 303(d) impairment statistics were evaluated based on a combination of 1:24,000 (NHD) and finer scale data (frequently provided by state GIS layers).

The Oregon Alzheimer Disease Center is the core program of the Layton Aging & Alzheimer's Disease Center (LAADC), supported by the National Institute on Aging (NIA, NIH). We promote interactive, multidisciplinary research among the scientific community. Our primary emphasis is on studies of preclinical dementia, as well as early dementia. Well-characterized patients, clinical, MRI and genetic data, as well as biological specimens are made available to investigators and research groups worldwide.

ObjectiveTo compare the rate of cognitive and functional decline in dysexecutive, typical and amnestic subgroups of Alzheimer’s disease.Methods943 participants from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) database who had a diagnosis of probable AD were followed for a mean of 2.3 years. A dysexecutive subgroup (n = 165) was defined as having executive performance >1.5 SD worse than memory performance, an amnestic subgroup (n = 157) was defined as having memory performance >1.5 SD worse than executive performance and a typical subgroup (n = 621) was defined as having a difference in executive and memory performance of

NACC in longitudinal format

Supporting data for Figure 4-8

The Norfolk Animal Care and Adoption Center (NACC) is the city’s animal sheltering facility. The NACC is an open-admission shelter; animals are never turned away, regardless of species, age, health or temperament. This data reports on an animal from the moment it arrives at the shelter (intake) to the moment it leaves (outcome). It also reports on foster activities. This data is updated monthly. For data about this dataset, please click on the below link: https://data.norfolk.gov/Government/Norfolk-Animal-Care-and-Adoption-Center-NACC-/vfm4-5wv6/about_data

Objective: To compare the proportion of APOEε4 genotype carriers in aphasic versus amnestic variants of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Method: The proportion of APOEε4 carriers was compared among 3 groups. 1) Forty-two patients with primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and AD pathology (PPA/AD) enrolled in the Northwestern Alzheimer Disease Center Clinical Core. 2) 1,418 patients with autopsy confirmed AD and amnestic dementia of the Alzheimer-type (DAT/AD); 3) 2,608 cognitively normal controls (NC). The latter two groups were compiled from the National Alzheimer Coordinating Center (NACC) database. Logistic regression models analyzed the relationship between groups and APOEε4 carrier status, adjusting for age of onset and sex as needed. Results: Using NC as the reference and adjusting for sex and age, the DAT/AD group was 3.97 times more likely to be APOEε4 carriers. Adjusting for sex and age at symptom onset, the DAT/AD group was 2.46 times as likely to be carriers compared to PPA/AD. There was no significant difference in the proportion of APOEε4 carriers for PPA/AD compared to NC. PPA subtypes included 24 logopenic, 10 agrammatic nonfluent, and eight either mixed (n=5) or too severe (n=3) to subtype. The proportion of carriers and non carriers was similar for logopenic and agrammatic subtypes, both having fewer carriers. Conclusion: The proportion of APOEε4 carriers was elevated in amnestic but not aphasic manifestations of AD. These results suggest that APOEε4 is an anatomically selective risk factor that preferentially increases the vulnerability to AD pathology of memory-related medial temporal areas rather that language-related neocortices.

Background: Gabapentin is increasingly prescribed to older adults, which raises concerns about its potential to cause neurocognitive changes. Therefore, we aimed to examine the association of gabapentin use with neurocognitive changes (i.e., cognitive decline, functional status decline, and motor function change) in older adults.Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set (UDS; September 2005-March 2021 data freeze). From the eligible sample (≥age 65 years), we identified cognitively normal new-users of gabapentin and the visit they initiated gabapentin (i.e., index visit). Initiators were matched to randomly selected nonusers on year of UDS enrollment and visit number from enrollment to index. Cognitive decline was defined as any increase in the Clinical Dementia Rating global score (CDRGLOB) and as a 1-point increase in CDR sum of boxes (CDR-SB). Functional status decline was defined as a 3-point increase in the sum of the Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ) and as 0.3-point increase in mean FAQ. Decline in motor function was defined as new clinician reports of gait disorder, falls, and slowness. To mitigate confounding and selection bias, we used joint stabilized inverse probability of treatment weights and stabilized inverse probability of censoring weights. All analyses were conducted comparing index to index+1 and index+2 visits.Results: From the eligible UDS participants (N = 23,059), we included 480 initiators (mean age [SD]: 78.7 [6.9]; male 34.4%); 4,320 nonusers (78.3 [7.0]; 34.4%). Gabapentin initiation was significantly associated with cognitive/functional status decline: worsening CDRGLOB at index+1 visit (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.55 [1.07, 2.25]); CDR-SB at index+1 visit (1.94 [1.22, 3.09]); and mean of FAQ at index+2 visit (1.78 [1.12, 2.83]). After excluding initiators with extant motor dysfunction (n = 21), we identified 459 initiators (78.7 [6.9]; 34.0%) and 4,131 nonusers (78.2 [6.9]; 34.7%); in this sample, gabapentin initiation was associated with increased falls at the index+2 visit (2.51 [1.19, 5.31]).Conclusion: Gabapentin initiation was significantly associated with deleterious neurocognitive changes among older adults with initially normal cognition. Further studies are needed to examine the risk/benefit of prescribing gabapentin in older adults.

ObjectiveValidation and widespread use of markers indicating decline in serial neuropsychological exams has remained elusive despite potential value in prognostic and treatment decision-making. This study aimed to operationalize neuropsychological decline, termed “neuropsychological (NP) decline,” in older adults followed over 12 months in order to aid in the stratification of dementia risk along the cognitively unimpaired-to-mild cognitive impairment (MCI) spectrum.MethodsA prospective cohort study utilized 6,794 older adults from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) database with a baseline diagnosis of normal cognition, impaired without MCI or with MCI. Operationalization of NP decline over 12-month follow-up used regression-based norms developed in a robustly normal reference sample. The extent to which each participant’s 12-month follow-up score deviated from norm-referenced expectations was quantified and standardized to an NP decline z-score. Cox regression evaluated whether the NP decline metric predicted future dementia.ResultsParticipant’s NP decline scores predicted future all-cause dementia in the total sample, χ2 = 110.71, hazard ratio (HR) = 1.989, p < 0.001, and in the subset diagnosed with normal cognition, χ2 = 40.84, HR = 2.006, p < 0.001, impaired without MCI diagnosis, χ2 = 14.89, HR = 2.465, p < 0.001, and impaired with MCI diagnosis, χ2 = 55.78, HR = 1.916, p < 0.001.ConclusionOperationalizing NP decline over 12 months with a regression-based norming method allows for further stratification of dementia risk along the cognitively unimpaired-to-MCI spectrum. The use of NP decline as an adjunctive marker of risk beyond standard cognitive diagnostic practices may aid in prognosis and clinical decision-making.

APOE4 PPA Supplementary Materials 04-08-19This file contains information about additional data analysis that was completed in response to reviewer's comments but not necessary to include in the manuscript. There are tables reporting the age makeup of the samples and also an analysis using a matched sample technique that showed no differences from the original analysis in which the samples were not matched and sample numbers were uneven.

The Global Forecast System (GFS) is a weather forecast model produced by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). Dozens of atmospheric and land-soil variables are available through this dataset, from temperatures, winds, and precipitation to soil moisture and atmospheric ozone concentration. The GFS data files stored here can be immediately used for OAR/ARL’s NOAA-EPA Atmosphere-Chemistry Coupler Cloud (NACC-Cloud) tool, and are in a Network Common Data Form (netCDF), which is a very common format used across the scientific community. These particular GFS files contain a comprehensive number of global atmosphere/land variables at a relatively high spatiotemporal resolution (approximately 13x13 km horizontal, vertical resolution of 127 levels, and hourly), are not only necessary for the NACC-Cloud tool to adequately drive community air quality applications (e.g., U.S. EPA’s Community Multiscale Air Quality model; https://www.epa.gov/cmaq), but can be very useful for a myriad of other applications in the Earth system modeling communities (e.g., atmosphere, hydrosphere, pedosphere, etc.). While many other data file and record formats are indeed available for Earth system and climate research (e.g., GRIB, HDF, GeoTIFF), the netCDF files here are advantageous to the larger community because of the comprehensive, high spatiotemporal information they contain, and because they are more scalable, appendable, shareable, self-describing, and community-friendly (i.e., many tools available to the community of users). Out of the four operational GFS forecast cycles per day (at 00Z, 06Z, 12Z and 18Z) this particular netCDF dataset is updated daily (/inputs/yyyymmdd/) for the 12Z cycle and includes 24-hr output for both 2D (gfs.t12z.sfcf$0hh.nc) and 3D variables (gfs.t12z.atmf$0hh.nc).

Also available are netCDF formatted Global Land Surface Datasets (GLSDs) developed by Hung et al. (2024). The GLSDs are based on numerous satellite products, and have been gridded to match the GFS spatial resolution (~13x13 km). These GLSDs contain vegetation canopy data (e.g., land surface type, vegetation clumping index, leaf area index, vegetative canopy height, and green vegetation fraction) that are supplemental to and can be combined with the GFS meteorological netCDF data for various applications, including NOAA-ARL's canopy-app. The canopy data variables are climatological, based on satellite data from the year 2020, combined with GFS meteorology for the year 2022, and are created at a daily temporal resolution (/inputs/geo-files/gfs.canopy.t12z.2022mmdd.sfcf000.global.nc)

Functional clusters of known pharmaceuticals aligned with the integrated data from NACC as well as randomized clinical trials (RCTs).

Dementia can be difficult for married couples for many reasons, including the introduction of caregiving burden, loss of intimacy, and financial strain. In this study, we investigated the impact of dementia staging and neuropsychiatric behavioral symptoms on the likelihood of divorce or separation for older adult married couples. For this case-control study, we used data from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) Uniform dataset (UDS) versions 2 and 3. This dataset was from 2007 to 2021 and contains standardized clinical information submitted by NIA/NIH Alzheimer’s Disease Research Centers (ADRCs) across the United States (US). This data was from 37 ADRCs. We selected participants who were married or living as married/domestic partners at their initial visit. Cases were defined by a first divorce/separation occurring during the follow-up period, resulting in 291 participants. We selected 5 controls for each married/living as married case and matched on age. Conditional logistic regression estimated the association between overall Neuro Psychiatric Inventory (NPI) score and severity of individual symptoms of the NPI with case/control status, adjusted for education, the CDR® Dementia Staging Instrument score, living situation, symptom informant, sex, and race. Separate analyses were conducted for each symptom. Multiple comparisons were accounted for with the Hochberg method. Later stage of dementia was negatively associated with divorce/separation with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.68 (95%CI = 0.50 to 0.93). A higher overall NPI score was positively associated with divorce/separation AOR = 1.08 (95% CI = 1.03 to 1.12,). More severe ratings of agitation/aggression, depression/dysphoria, disinhibition, and elation/euphoria were associated with greater odds of divorce/separation. Among older adults in the US, a later stage of dementia is associated with a lower likelihood of divorce or separation, while having more severe neuropsychiatric behavioral symptoms of agitation/aggression, depression/dysphoria, disinhibition, and elation/euphoria are associated with a higher likelihood of divorce or separation.

across all timepoints and based on GSR-denoised data

Collection description

Obesity imposes serious health risks and involves alterations in resting-state functional connectivity of brain networks involved in eating behavior. Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment, but its effects on functional connectivity are still under debate. In this pre-registered study, we investigated the effects of bariatric surgery on major resting-state brain networks (reward and default mode network) in a longitudinal controlled design.
33 bariatric surgery patients and 15 obese waiting-list control patients (37 females; aged 44.15 ± 11.86 SD years (range 21-68)) underwent magnetic resonance imaging at baseline, after 6 and 12 months. We conducted a pre-registered whole-brain time-by-group interaction analysis, and a time-by-group interaction analysis on within-network connectivity (https://osf.io/f8tpn/, https://osf.io/59bh7/). In exploratory analyses, we investigated the effects of weight loss and head motion.
Bariatric surgery compared to waiting did not significantly affect functional connectivity (FWE-corrected p > .05), neither whole-brain nor within-network. In exploratory analyses, surgery-related BMI decrease (FWE-corrected p = .041) and higher average head motion (FWE-corrected p = .021) resulted in significantly stronger connectivity of the reward network with medial posterior frontal regions.
This pre-registered well-controlled study did not support a strong effect of bariatric surgery, compared to waiting, on major resting-state brain networks after 6 months. Exploratory analyses indicated that head motion might have confounded the effects. Data pooling and more rigorous control of within-scanner head motion during data acquisition are needed to substantiate effects of bariatric surgery on brain organization.

Subject species

homo sapiens

Modality

fMRI-BOLD

Analysis level

group

Cognitive paradigm (task)

rest eyes closed

Map type

Z

Objective: We tested the hypothesis that plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) concentrations identify asymptomatic carriers of familial frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD)-causing mutations at risk of disease progression.

Methods: Baseline plasma NfL concentrations were measured with Simoa in original (n = 277) and validation (n = 297) cohorts. C9orf72, GRN and MAPT mutation carriers and non-carriers from the same families were classified by disease severity [asymptomatic, prodromal and full phenotype] using the CDR^® Dementia Staging Instrument plus behavior and language domains from the National Alzheimer's Disease Coordinating Center FTLD module (CDR^®+NACC-FTLD). Linear mixed effect models related NfL to clinical variables.

Results: In both cohorts, baseline NfL was higher in asymptomatic mutation carriers who showed phenoconversion or subsequent disease progression compared to non-progressors (original: 11.4 ± 7 pg/mL vs. 6.7 ± 5 pg/mL, p = 0.002; validation: 14.1 ± 12 pg/mL vs. 8.7 ± 6 pg/mL, p = 0.035). Plasma NfL discriminated symptomatic from asymptomatic mutation carriers or prodromal disease (original cutoff: 13.6 pg/mL, 87.5% sensitivity, 82.7% specificity; validation cutoff: 19.8 pg/mL, 87.4% sensitivity, 84.3% specificity). Higher baseline NfL correlated with worse longitudinal CDR^®+NACC-FTLD sum of boxes scores, neuropsychological function and atrophy, regardless of genotype or disease severity, including asymptomatic mutation carriers.

Conclusions: Plasma NfL identifies asymptomatic carriers of FTLD-causing mutations at short-term risk of disease progression, and is a potential tool to select participants for prevention clinical trials.

Classification of evidence: This study provides Class I evidence that in familial FTLD, elevation of plasma NfL predicts short-term risk of clinical progression.

We used an untargeted mass spectrometric approach, tandem mass tag (TMT) proteomics, for the identification of biomarker signatures in genetic frontotemporal dementia (FTD). A total of 238 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from the GENetic FTD Initiative (GENFI) were analysed, including 107 presymptomatic (44 C9orf72, 38 GRN, 25 MAPT) and 55 symptomatic (27 C9orf72, 17 GRN, 11 MAPT) mutation carriers as well as 76 mutation-negative controls (‘non-carriers’). We found both shared and specific proteomic alterations in each genetic form of FTD. Among the proteins significantly altered in symptomatic mutation carriers compared to non-carriers, we found that YWHAZ, YWHAG, UCHL1, NPTXR, NPTX2 and FABP3 were changed across all three genetic forms, as well as in patients with Alzheimer’s disease from previously published datasets. We observed differential changes in lysosomal proteins among symptomatic mutation carriers with marked abundance decreases in MAPT carriers. Further, we identified mu..., Participants and sample collection Participants were recruited from the GENFI study, which includes individuals with a diagnosis of FTD due to a pathogenic mutation in MAPT, GRN, or C9orf72 (symptomatic mutation carriers), at-risk first-degree relatives (presymptomatic mutation carriers), and non-carriers (mutation-negative first-degree relatives from the same families). Demographics of the cohort are described in Table 1. Participants were assessed using a standardised history and examination and were classified as symptomatic if they met consensus diagnostic criteria (51, 52). The CDR Dementia Staging Instrument with National Alzheimer Coordinating Centre Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration component (CDR® plus NACC FTLD) was used to assess disease severity, and the CDR® plus NACC FTLD sum of boxes (SOB) was used for quantitative analyses in this paper. Participants underwent Volumetric T1-weighted MRI scans. More details on clinical evaluation and imaging can be found in Supplementary ..., , # Raw data proteomic study in genetic frontotemporal dementia (GENFI study)

https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.r7sqv9snk

Description of the data and file structure

The data corresponds to the normalised relative abundances of proteins in cerebrospinal samples of genetic frontotemporal dementia participants and controls. The data was obtain by Tandem Mass Tag LC-MS.

CSF was collected in polypropylene tubes through a lumbar puncture and centrifuged to remove insoluble material and cells. Supernatants were aliquoted and stored at -80 °C within 2 hours after collection. CSF samples (25 µL) were reduced by the addition of Tris(2)-carboxyethylphosphine (TCEP) in sodium deoxycholate (DOC), and triethylammonium bicarbonate (TEAB) to a final concentration of 5 mM TCEP (1% DOC, 100 mM TEAB). Following incubation at 55 °C for one hour, samples were equilibrated to room temperature (RT). Carbamidomethylation was performed by adding iodoacetamide to a con...

Additional file 14. Summary statistics of NACC data analyses. (A, B) Subject information for MMSE models comparing (A) imipramine and other antidepressants or (B) olanzapine and other antipsychotics, including age, sex, baseline MMSE score, and drug exposure time. (C, D) Subject information for clinical diagnosis reversion models comparing (C) imipramine and other antidepressants or (D) olanzapine and other antipsychotics, including age, sex, baseline MMSE score, drug exposure time, number of subjects with reversions, and number of reversions per subject. (E, F) Subject information for clinical diagnosis conversion models comparing (E) imipramine and other antidepressants or (F) olanzapine and other antipsychotics, including age, sex, baseline MMSE score, drug exposure time, number of subjects with conversions, and number of conversions per subject. (G, H) Subject information for multiple medications models comparing (G) imipramine, doxepin, fluoxetine, citalopram, and all other antidepressants or (H) olanzapine, aripiprazole, quetiapine, and all other antipsychotics, including age, sex, baseline MMSE score, drug exposure time, number of subjects with reversions, and number of reversions per subject. (I) Complete test statistics and degrees of freedom for all statistical tests.

Subscribers can find out export and import data of 23 countries by HS code or product’s name. This demo is helpful for market analysis.

Identifying factors underlying selective neuronal vulnerability is crucial for understanding Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology. The Neuromodulatory Subcortical System (NSS) includes nuclei that exhibit early, but varied vulnerability to tau accumulation and neuronal loss. This varied vulnerability represents a valuable opportunity to explore the underlying mechanisms of AD. In this study, we investigated factors contributing to selective neuronal vulnerability by comparing transcriptomic profiles of two similar NSS nuclei with differing vulnerabilities to AD, the locus coeruleus and substantia nigra. Using paired samples from well-characterized postmortem human tissue from individuals in early Braak stages and free of comorbid neuropathologic diagnoses, we identified pathways related to cholesterol homeostasis and antioxidant pathways response as key potential drivers of vulnerability., We leveraged transcriptomics and immunohistochemistry in paired samples from human postmortem tissue representing a vulnerable and resilient region – the locus coeruleus (LC) and substantia nigra (SN). These regions have comparable anatomical features but distinct vulnerability to AD. Participant selection and neuropathologic assessment Cases were sourced from the Biobank for Aging Studies at the University of São Paulo and the Neurodegenerative Disease Brain Bank at the University of California, San Francisco Memory and Aging Center which is an ADRC. Consent for brain donation was obtained from subjects or next of kin following the site-specific protocol approved by the relevant Institutional Review Board and the study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki. In both brain banks, brain tissue was sampled for neuropathological diagnosis following NACC guidelines. Basic histological and immunohistochemical stains..., , # Data from: Pathways underlying selective neuronal vulnerability in Alzheimer's disease: Contrasting the vulnerable locus coeruleus to the resilient substantia nigra

Immunohistochemistry data, supplementary data, and supplementary methods

https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.sbcc2frgp

Trancriptomic analysis

Description of the data and file structure

The frozen half of the brainstem for selected cases was kept on dry ice during the dissection. A scalpel was used to shave down the midbrain until the pigmented SN was exposed. An additional 3-5mm of midbrain was shaved down around the rostral portion of the SN, with borders defined by the pigmented area. The protruding portion of the SN was sliced off of the shaved-down face of the midbrain and put into RNAlater (AM7020, Invitrogen) to protect RNA in case of thawing during transport for processing. The sample in RNAlater was frozen down at -80C and transported on dry ice.

The LC was isol..., This dataset is derived from human research subjects who enrolled in a research study approved by a site-specific IRB. Participants, or a next-of-kin, provided informed consent permitting the use of and sharing of de-identified data. All personally identifiable information are removed when data are shared using technical controls approved by the relevant IRB's.