In 2020, hotel occupancy in the Brazilian city of Natal surpassed 89 percent during Carnival season. This represents an increase of more than one percentage point in relation to the previous year. Natal is the capital city of Rio Grande do Norte, on the northeast region of the country.

Natal dispersal is assumed to be costly. Such costs can be difficult to detect, and fitness consequences of dispersal are therefore poorly known. Because of lower phenotypic quality and/or familiarity with the environment, natal dispersers may be less buffered against a sudden increase in reproductive effort. Consequently, reproductive costs associated with natal dispersal may mostly be detected in harsh breeding conditions. We tested this prediction by comparing lifetime reproductive success between natal dispersers and non-dispersers in a patchy population of collared flycatchers (Ficedula albicollis) when they reared either a non-manipulated brood or an experimentally increased or decreased brood. Natal dispersers achieved lower lifetime reproductive success than non-dispersers only under more stressful breeding conditions (i.e. when brood size was experimentally increased). This was mostly due to a lower number of recruits produced in the year of the increase. Our results suggest a cost associated with natal dispersal paid immediately after an increase in reproductive effort and not subsequently compensated for through increased survival or future offspring recruitment. Natal dispersers adjusted their breeding investment when reproductive effort is as predicted but seemed unable to efficiently face a sudden increase in effort, which could affect the influence of environmental predictability on dispersal evolution.

The cognitive buffer hypothesis proposes that species with larger brains (relative to their body size) exhibit greater behavioural flexibility, conferring an advantage in unpredictable or novel environments. Therefore, behavioural flexibility – and relative brain size – are likely to be important predictors of a species’ vulnerability to anthropogenic pressures and, ultimately, extinction risk. However, current evidence linking brain size to species vulnerability and extinction risk is inconclusive. Furthermore, studies examining the relationship between relative brain size and behavioural flexibility have mainly focused on foraging innovations, whilst other forms of behavioural flexibility remain unexplored. In this study, we collate species-specific information and examine links between relative brain size, rates of natal and adult dispersal (a measure of flexibility in breeding site fidelity), vulnerability to six anthropogenic threats and extinction risk for 131 species of seabird. ..., Dataset 1: Brain and body size Published measures of brain size (g) for 131 species of seabird. Brain size estimates were generated from the measurement of adult skulls in museum collections using the endocast method. For each species, multiple specimens were measured and a mean value was calculated to provide a single, species-specific brain size estimate. To account for the allometric relationship between brain and body size, we also obtained information on body size (g). Dataset 2: Natal and adult dispersal rates We collated data on natal and adult dispersal rates by conducting a systematic literature search using the online database, Web of Science. The literature search generated a total of 793 papers and reports and from these, we extracted natal and adult dispersal rates. Here, natal dispersal is defined as the annual proportion of fledglings recruiting into a colony different from their natal colony, and adult dispersal is defined as the annual proportion of adults relocating to...,

Understanding how changes to the quality of habitat patches affect the distribution of species across the whole landscape is critical in our human-dominated world and changing climate. Although patterns of species' abundances across a landscape are clearly influenced by dispersal among habitats and local species interactions, little is known about how the identity and origin of dispersers affect these patterns. Because traits of individuals are altered by experiences in their natal habitat, differences in the natal habitat of dispersers can carry over when individuals disperse to new habitats and alter their fitness and interactions with other species. We manipulated the presence or absence of such carried-over natal habitat effects for up to eight generations to examine their influence on two interacting species across multiple dispersal rates and different habitat compositions. We found that experimentally accounting for the natal habitat of dispersers significantly influenced competitive outcomes at all spatial scales and increased total community biomass within a landscape. However, the direction and magnitude of the impact of natal habitat effects was dependent upon landscape type and dispersal rate. Interestingly, effects of natal habitats increased the difference between species performance across the landscape, suggesting that natal habitat effects could alter competitive interactions to promote spatial coexistence. Given that heterogeneity in habitat quality is ubiquitous in nature, natal habitat effects are likely important drivers of spatial community structure and could promote variation in species performance, which may help facilitate spatial coexistence. The results have important implications for conservation and invasive species management.

BackgroundShenzhen has the largest and youngest foreign population among all cities in China. The reproductive health of pregnant women from different backgrounds is a social issue that deserves attention. In the past decade, China has liberalized its population policies to stimulate population growth, and the proportion of multiple births has continued to increase.MethodThis retrospective cohort included 526,654 newborns born in Baoan, Shenzhen, from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2019, including 515,016 singletons and 11,638 twins or triplets. Univariate regression models were used to analyze the effects of maternal sociodemographic characteristics, physiological characteristics, medical history, antenatal care and other factors associated with single vs. multiple births and to elucidate the changing trends of different factors affecting multiple births in the past 11 years. Additionally, fetal development in multiple births was analyzed by generalized linear mixed models.ResultsThe rates of pregnancy complications, preterm birth, and advanced-age pregnancy were significantly higher in the multiple birth mothers than in single birth mothers, and more multiple pregnancies were achieved through assisted reproductive technologies. The rates of adverse outcomes such as stillbirth, malformation, hypoxia, and ultralow body weight in multiple fetuses were significantly higher than that in singleton fetuses. The trend analysis from 2009 to 2019 showed that the socioeconomic status and health level of mothers with multiple births improved over time, and the risk during pregnancy generally decreased. Simultaneously, the development indicators of multiple fetuses have improved year by year, and the proportion of adverse outcomes has also decreased significantly. A low pre-natal care utilization rate was shown to be detrimental to the development of multiple fetuses. Independent risk factors for hypoxia and very low birth weight were also identified. The differences in secular trends between two birth groups were further revealed by time series models.ConclusionThis study presented a comprehensive survey of multiple pregnancies in the area with the largest population inflow in China. This study identified the factors that affect the health of multiple birth mothers and their fetuses, particularly suggesting that preterm birth rates and the use of assisted reproduction remain high. The findings provide a basis for the formulation of individualized pre-natal care, assisted reproductive guidance and healthcare policies for multiple births.

Metabolism is thought to mediate the connection between environmental selection pressures and a broad array of life history tradeoffs, but tests are needed. High juvenile predation correlates with fast growth, which may be achieved via fast juvenile metabolism. Fast offspring metabolism and growth can create physiological costs later in life that should be minimized in species with low adult mortality. Yet, relations between juvenile metabolism and mortality at offspring versus adult stages are unexplored. We found that post-natal metabolism was correlated with adult mortality but not nest predation rates among 43 songbird species on three continents. Nest predation, but not adult mortality, explained additional variation in growth rates beyond metabolism. Our results suggest that metabolism may not be the mechanism underlying the relations between growth and mortality at different life stages.

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FipeZap: House Asking Price Index: Rent: YoY: Rio Grande do Norte: Natal: 1 Bedroom data was reported at 2.432 % in Jul 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 5.714 % for Jun 2024. FipeZap: House Asking Price Index: Rent: YoY: Rio Grande do Norte: Natal: 1 Bedroom data is updated monthly, averaging 12.703 % from Dec 2022 (Median) to Jul 2024, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 35.897 % in Dec 2022 and a record low of 2.432 % in Jul 2024. FipeZap: House Asking Price Index: Rent: YoY: Rio Grande do Norte: Natal: 1 Bedroom data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Institute of Economic Research Foundation. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Real Estate Sector – Table BR.RKB007: Real Estate: FipeZap House Asking Price Index: Rent: Year-on-Year.

Comprehensive Airbnb dataset for Natal, Brazil providing detailed vacation rental analytics including property listings, pricing trends, host information, review sentiment analysis, and occupancy rates for short-term rental market intelligence and investment research.

The mortality rate of children in Ghana under five years old continued to reduce from 72 to 56 deaths per 1,000 live births over the past 14 years preceding the survey. Reductions in mortality were reported across all types of mortality and the corresponding age groups, except for neonatal and post-natal mortality rates which either fluctuated or remained the same.

BackgroundOver the past 15 years, scaling up of cost effective interventions resulted in a remarkable decline of under-five mortality rates (U5MR) in sub-Saharan Africa. However, the reduction shows considerable heterogeneity. We estimated the association of child, maternal, and household interventions with U5MR in Burkina Faso at national and subnational levels and identified the regions with least effective interventions.MethodsData on health-related interventions and U5MR were extracted from the Burkina Faso Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) 2010. Bayesian geostatistical proportional hazards models with a Weibull baseline hazard were fitted on the mortality outcome. Spatially varying coefficients were considered to assess the geographical variation in the association of the health interventions with U5MR. The analyses were adjusted for child, maternal, and household characteristics, as well as climatic and environmental factors.FindingsThe average U5MR was as high as 128 per 1000 ranging from 81 (region of Centre-Est) to 223 (region of Sahel). At national level, DPT3 immunization and baby post-natal check within 24 hours after birth had the most important association with U5MR (hazard rates ratio (HRR) = 0.89, 95% Bayesian credible interval (BCI): 0.86–0.98 and HRR = 0.89, 95% BCI: 0.86–0.92, respectively). At sub-national level, the most effective interventions are the skilled birth attendance, and improved drinking water, followed by baby post-natal check within 24 hours after birth, vitamin A supplementation, antenatal care visit and all-antigens immunization (including BCG, Polio3, DPT3, and measles immunization). Centre-Est, Sahel, and Sud-Ouest were the regions with the highest number of effective interventions. There was no intervention that had a statistically important association with child survival in the region of Hauts Bassins.InterpretationThe geographical variation in the magnitude and statistical importance of the association between health interventions and U5MR raises the need to deliver and reinforce health interventions at a more granular level. Priority interventions are DPT3 immunization, skilled birth attendance, baby post-natal visits in the regions of Sud-Ouest, Sahel, and Hauts Bassins, respectively. Our methodology could be applied to other national surveys, as it allows an incisive, data-driven and specific decision-making approach to optimize the allocation of health interventions at subnational level.

The number of conceptions to girls aged under 18 per 1,000 girls aged 15-17, aggregated into 3 yearly time periods. Up until 2009 there were approximately 40,000 conceptions a year to teenagers under 18 in England. With teenage pregnancies in England and Wales now at the lowest level since records began, the UK nevertheless retains one of the highest rates of teenage births in Western Europe. The Teenage Pregnancy Strategy suggested three possible reasons for this: low expectations (1), a lack of accurate knowledge about contraception (2), and mixed messages from the adult world (3). Teenage pregnancy rates are known to be higher in the more deprived areas. Half of all under-18 conceptions occur in the most deprived 20% of wards. Teenage mothers are less likely to finish their education, less likely to find a good job, and more likely to end up bringing up their children solo and in poverty. Teenage parents tend to have poor ante-natal health, lower birth-weight babies and higher mortality rates among their infants. Their health and their children's are worse than average. Legacy unique identifier: P01079

In 2022, the infant mortality rate in the United States was 5.4 out of every 1,000 live births. This is a significant decrease from 1960, when infant mortality was at around 26 deaths out of every 1,000 live births. What is infant mortality? The infant mortality rate is the number of deaths of babies under the age of one per 1,000 live births. There are many causes for infant mortality, which include birth defects, low birth weight, pregnancy complications, and sudden infant death syndrome. In order to decrease the high rates of infant mortality, there needs to be an increase in education and medicine so babies and mothers can receive the proper treatment needed. Maternal mortality is also related to infant mortality. If mothers can attend more prenatal visits and have more access to healthcare facilities, maternal mortality can decrease, and babies have a better chance of surviving in their first year. Worldwide infant mortality rates Infant mortality rates vary worldwide; however, some areas are more affected than others. Afghanistan suffered from the highest infant mortality rate in 2024, and the following 19 countries all came from Africa, with the exception of Pakistan. On the other hand, Slovenia had the lowest infant mortality rate that year. High infant mortality rates can be attributed to lack of sanitation, technological advancements, and proper natal care. In the United States, Massachusetts had the lowest infant mortality rate, while Mississippi had the highest in 2022. Overall, the number of neonatal and post neonatal deaths in the United States has been steadily decreasing since 1995.

Pre Natal Vitamin Market Outlook

The global pre natal vitamin market size was valued at approximately USD 400 million in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 700 million by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.5% from 2024 to 2032. The primary growth factor driving this market is the increasing awareness of maternal and fetal health, coupled with the rising prevalence of nutrient deficiencies among pregnant women globally.

One of the significant growth factors in the pre natal vitamin market is the growing emphasis on maternal healthcare. With advancements in medical science and an increasing understanding of the importance of prenatal nutrition, healthcare providers and expecting mothers are more aware of the benefits of taking pre natal vitamins. These supplements are essential in preventing birth defects, ensuring proper fetal development, and mitigating the risks of pregnancy complications. Additionally, the endorsement of pre natal vitamins by healthcare professionals and organizations has further bolstered their adoption.

Another driving force behind the market's expansion is the rising consumer preference for organic and natural products. Expecting mothers are increasingly seeking out vitamins and supplements that are free from synthetic additives and harmful chemicals. This trend is particularly pronounced in developed regions such as North America and Europe, where consumers are more health-conscious and willing to pay a premium for high-quality, natural products. This shift in consumer behavior has prompted manufacturers to innovate and offer a diverse range of organic and natural pre natal vitamins.

The increasing prevalence of nutrient deficiencies among pregnant women is also a crucial factor propelling the growth of the pre natal vitamin market. Nutrient deficiencies can lead to severe health issues for both the mother and the developing fetus, including anemia, bone deformities, and neural tube defects. As a result, there is a growing demand for comprehensive prenatal supplements that cater to the specific nutritional needs of expecting mothers. This demand is further amplified by the rising number of pregnancies globally, particularly in emerging economies where access to adequate nutrition may be limited.

Regionally, North America and Europe are the leading markets for pre natal vitamins due to their advanced healthcare infrastructure, high awareness levels, and significant disposable incomes. However, the Asia Pacific region is expected to witness the highest growth rate during the forecast period. This can be attributed to the increasing urbanization, rising income levels, and growing awareness of maternal health in countries such as China and India. Additionally, government initiatives aimed at improving maternal healthcare and reducing maternal and infant mortality rates are likely to further drive market growth in this region.

The role of a Vitamin and Mineral Supplement for Pregnancy cannot be overstated, as these supplements are crucial in supporting the health of both the mother and the developing fetus. During pregnancy, a woman's nutritional needs increase significantly, and it can be challenging to meet these needs through diet alone. Prenatal vitamins and mineral supplements provide essential nutrients such as folic acid, iron, calcium, and iodine, which are vital for fetal development and maternal health. Folic acid, for example, is known to reduce the risk of neural tube defects, while iron supports increased blood volume and prevents anemia. These supplements act as a safety net, ensuring that both mother and baby receive adequate nutrition, even when dietary intake may fall short.

Product Type Analysis

The pre natal vitamin market is segmented by product type, which includes tablets, capsules, gummies, powders, and others. Tablets hold the largest market share due to their ease of consumption, cost-effectiveness, and widespread availability. Tablets are also favored for their longer shelf life and the ability to incorporate a wide range of nutrients in a single dose. This form is particularly popular among healthcare providers for prescribing to pregnant women, ensuring they receive adequate nutrition throughout their pregnancy.

Capsules are another significant segment within the pre natal vitamin market. They offer a convenient and easy-to-swallow alternative to tablets, which can be crucial for pregnant women e

Estimates (posterior median and 95% Bayesian credible intervals) of the association between maternal and household health interventions at national and sub-national levels and U5MR obtained by Bayesian geostatistical Weibull proportional hazards models with spatially varying regression coefficients for the intervention coverage covariates.

South Africa Manufacturing Survey: Kwazulu Natal: Shortage: Short Term Interest Rates data was reported at 32.000 % in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 35.000 % for Mar 2018. South Africa Manufacturing Survey: Kwazulu Natal: Shortage: Short Term Interest Rates data is updated quarterly, averaging 45.000 % from Jun 1995 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 93 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 88.660 % in Dec 1998 and a record low of 12.000 % in Sep 2012. South Africa Manufacturing Survey: Kwazulu Natal: Shortage: Short Term Interest Rates data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bureau for Economic Research. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Africa – Table ZA.S025: Business Survey: Manufacturing: by Region.

FipeZap: House Asking Price Index: Sales: Average Price: Rio Grande do Norte: Natal data was reported at 5,574.806 BRL/sq m in Aug 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 5,526.613 BRL/sq m for Jul 2024. FipeZap: House Asking Price Index: Sales: Average Price: Rio Grande do Norte: Natal data is updated monthly, averaging 4,969.360 BRL/sq m from Jan 2022 (Median) to Aug 2024, with 32 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5,574.806 BRL/sq m in Aug 2024 and a record low of 4,510.553 BRL/sq m in Jan 2022. FipeZap: House Asking Price Index: Sales: Average Price: Rio Grande do Norte: Natal data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Institute of Economic Research Foundation. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Real Estate Sector – Table BR.RKB004: Real Estate: FipeZap House Asking Price Index: Sales: Average Price.

In 2023, ** percent of women aged 15 to 49 in Najran in Saudi Arabia did not receive post-natal check-ups within *** days of giving birth. Riyadh had the lowest rate of women who did not receive post-natal a post-natal check-up within *** days, at ** percent.

Financial overview and grant giving statistics of American Friends of Natal Inc.

FipeZap: House Asking Price Index: Rent: Average Price: Rio Grande do Norte: Natal: 1 Bedroom data was reported at 47.544 BRL/sq m in Jul 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 48.253 BRL/sq m for Jun 2024. FipeZap: House Asking Price Index: Rent: Average Price: Rio Grande do Norte: Natal: 1 Bedroom data is updated monthly, averaging 45.383 BRL/sq m from Jan 2022 (Median) to Jul 2024, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 49.457 BRL/sq m in May 2024 and a record low of 33.771 BRL/sq m in Jan 2022. FipeZap: House Asking Price Index: Rent: Average Price: Rio Grande do Norte: Natal: 1 Bedroom data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Institute of Economic Research Foundation. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Real Estate Sector – Table BR.RKB008: Real Estate: FipeZap House Asking Price Index: Rent: Average Price.