In September 2023, the national debt of the United States had risen up to 33.17 trillion U.S. dollars. The national debt per capita had risen to 85,552 U.S. dollars in 2021. As represented by the statistic above, the public debt of the United States has been continuously rising.

U.S. public debt Public debt, also known as national and governmental debt, is the debt owed by a nations’ central government. In the case of the U.S., national debt is owed by the federal government to Treasury security holders. Generally speaking, government debt increases with government spending, and can be decreased through taxes. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the U.S. government increased spending significantly to finance virus infrastructure, aid, and various forms of economic relief.

International public debt

Venezuela leads the global ranking of the 20 countries with the highest public debt in 2021. In relation to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Venezuela's public debt amounted to around 306.95 percent of GDP. Eritrea was ranked fifth, with an estimated debt of 170 percent of the Gross Domestic Product.

The national debt of the United Kingdom is forecasted to grow from 87 percent in 2022 to 70 percent in 2027, in relation to the Gross Domestic Product. These figures include England, Wales, Scotland as well as Northern Ireland.

Greece had the highest national debt among EU countries as of the 4th quarter of 2020 in relation to the Gross Domestic Product. Germany ranked 13th in the EU, with its national debt amounting to 69 percent of GDP in the same time period.

Tuvalu was one of the 20 countries with the lowest national debt in 2021 in relation to the GDP, while Macao had an estimated level of national debt of zero percent, the lowest of any country. The data refer to the debts of the entire state, including the central government, the provinces, municipalities, local authorities and social insurance.

The statistic shows the national debt of the United States from 2020 to 2024, with projections up until 2030. The amount of the debt of the United States amounted to around 35.25 trillion U.S. dollars in 2024. National debt of the United States National debt in the United States is a topic of much debate and controversy, primarily due to large amounts of unnecessary spending. Despite the fact that the United States had the highest gross domestic product (GDP) in the world in 2016, along with being one of the most developed powerhouses in the world, the country suffers in many economical aspects. When analyzing the country’s imports and exports, the United States has recorded a trade deficit for more than a decade as of 2015, meaning that its imports exceeded its exports every year. However, despite being significantly affected by the world economic crisis in 2008, the country’s trade balance noticeably improved in 2009, almost halving the country’s total trade deficit. An economical aspect that did not improve during the world economic crisis was the country’s unemployment rate. The number of unemployed in the United States increased greatly in 2009 and continued to rise in 2010, however finally stabilized in the following years and has since declined yearly. When considering the total population of the United States, which amounted to roughly 322 million in 2015, a large percentage of citizens, who are capable of work, have been left without a job for roughly 7 years.

Graph and download economic data for Federal Debt: Total Public Debt (GFDEBTN) from Q1 1966 to Q1 2025 about public, debt, federal, government, and USA.

Summarizes the U.S. government's total outstanding debt at the end of each fiscal year from 1789 to the current year.

Government debt in the United Kingdom reached over 2.8 trillion British pounds in 2024/25, compared with 2.69 trillion pounds in the previous financial year. Although debt has been increasing throughout this period, there is a noticeable jump between 2019/20, and 2020/21, when debt increased from 1.82 trillion pounds, to 2.15 trillion. The UK's government debt was the equivalent of 95.8 percent of GDP in 2024/25, and is expected to increase slightly in coming years, and not start falling until the end of this decade. Public finances in a tight spot With government debt approaching 100 percent of GDP, the UK finds itself in a tricky fiscal situation. If the UK can't reduce it's spending, or increase its revenue, the government will have to continue borrowing large amounts, increasing the debt further. Adding to the problem, is the fact that financing this debt has got steadily more expensive recently, with the government currently spending more on debt interest than it does on defence, transport, and public order and safety. Can the UK grow out its debt? After the Second World War, when the national debt reached over 250 percent of GDP, the UK managed to reduce its debt-to-GDP ratio, due to the economy growing faster than its debt over a long period of time. This is certainly the hope of the current Labour government, who are seeking to avoid significant tax and spending adjustments by strengthening the economy. Overdue investments in infrastructure and increased capital spending may eventually achieve this goal, but the government's declining popularity suggests they may not be in power by the time these policies might eventually bear fruit.

Graph and download economic data for Gross Federal Debt as Percent of Gross Domestic Product (GFDGDPA188S) from 1939 to 2023 about gross, debt, federal, GDP, and USA.

Key information about Ecuador National Government Debt

• Ecuador National Government Debt reached 85.3 USD bn in Dec 2024, compared with 82.8 USD bn in the previous quarter.
• Ecuador National Government Debt data is updated quarterly, available from Dec 2005 to Dec 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 85.3 USD bn in Dec 2024 and a record low of 10.0 USD bn in Jun 2009.

CEIC calculates quarterly Government Debt from monthly Government Debt. The Ministry of Economy and Finance provides Government Debt in USD. Government Debt refers to Public Debt. Government Debt prior to Q3 2021 is based on 2019 methodology. Government Debt prior to Q2 2019 is based on old methodology.


Related information about Ecuador National Government Debt

• In the latest reports, Ecuador Consolidated Fiscal Balance recorded a deficit equal to 1.3 % of its Nominal GDP in Sep 2024.
• The country's Government debt accounted for 67.4 % of its Nominal GDP in Sep 2024.
• Ecuador Nominal GDP reached 28.9 USD bn in Mar 2023.

The national debt of Djibouti was estimated at approximately 1.41 billion U.S. dollars in 2024. Between 2009 and 2024, the national debt rose by around 994.06 million U.S. dollars, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend. The national debt is forecast to decline by about 332.67 million U.S. dollars from 2024 to 2030, fluctuating as it trends downward.

This table contains 29 series, with data for years 2009 - 2019 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 item: Canada) Central government debt (29 items: A. Federal debt (accumulated deficit), (B - E); B. Net debt, (C - D); C. Liabilities, gross debt; Accounts payable and accrued liabilities; ...).

Graph and download economic data for Federal Debt Held by the Public as Percent of Gross Domestic Product (FYGFGDQ188S) from Q1 1970 to Q1 2025 about public, debt, federal, GDP, and USA.

Government Debt in Kosovo decreased to 1693.50 EUR Million in the first quarter of 2025 from 1738.20 EUR Million in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset provides - Kosovo Government Debt- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Kosovo recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 16.90 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides - Kosovo Government Debt To Gdp- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Key information about Indonesia National Government Debt

• Indonesia National Government Debt reached 548.0 USD bn in Jan 2025, compared with 547.2 USD bn in the previous month.
• Indonesia National Government Debt data is updated monthly, available from Jun 2009 to Jan 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 559.8 USD bn in Sep 2024 and a record low of 157.0 USD bn in Jun 2009.

The Ministry of Finance provides monthly Government Debt in USD. Government Debt covers Central Government only.


Related information about Indonesia National Government Debt

• In the latest reports, Indonesia Consolidated Fiscal Balance recorded a deficit equal to 2.3 % of its Nominal GDP in Dec 2024.
• The country's Government debt accounted for 39.2 % of its Nominal GDP in Dec 2024.
• Indonesia Nominal GDP reached 332.8 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Key information about Australia Government Debt: % of GDP

• Australia Government debt accounted for 38.0 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Jun 2023, compared with the ratio of 41.9 % in the previous year.
• Australia government debt to GDP ratio data is updated yearly, available from Jun 1999 to Jun 2023.
• The data reached an all-time high of 47.6 % in Jun 2021 and a record low of 9.6 % in Jun 2007.

CEIC calculates Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP from annual Government Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. Government Debt is calculated as the sum of General Government Currency & Deposits, Advances and Debt Securities. The Australian Bureau of Statistics provides Government Debt in local currency based on SNA 2008 and Nominal GDP in local currency. Government Debt prior to 2009 is based on SNA 2008 GFMS 2001. Government Debt prior to 2000 is based on SNA 1993. Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP is in annual frequency, ending in June of each year..


Related information about Australia Government Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Australia National Government Debt reached 650.9 USD bn in Jun 2023.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 440.1 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Key information about Australia National Government Debt

• Australia National Government Debt reached 650.9 USD bn in Jun 2023, compared with 673.5 USD bn in the previous year.
• Australia National Government Debt data is updated yearly, available from Jun 1999 to Jun 2023.
• The data reached an all-time high of 744.0 USD bn in Jun 2021 and a record low of 65.2 USD bn in Jun 2001.

CEIC calculates annual Government Debt as the sum of Currency & Deposits, Advances and Debt Securities and converts it into USD. The Australian Bureau of Statistics provides Government Debt in local currency based on SNA 2008. The Federal Reserve Board period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. Government Debt prior to 2009 is based on SNA 2008 GFMS 2001. Government Debt prior to 2000 is based on SNA 1993. Government Debt is in annual frequency, ending in June of each year.


Related information about Australia National Government Debt

• In the latest reports, Australia Consolidated Fiscal Balance recorded a deficit equal to 1.1 % of its Nominal GDP in Dec 2023.
• The country's Government debt accounted for 38.1 % of its Nominal GDP in Jun 2023.
• Australia Nominal GDP reached 440.1 USD bn in Mar 2023.

During the Great Recession of 2008-2009, the advanced economies of the G7 experienced a period of acute financial crises, downturns in the non-financial economy, and political instability. The governments of these countries in many cases stepped in to backstop their financial sectors and to try to stimulate their economies. The scale of these interventions was large by historical standards, with observers making comparisons to the measures of the New Deal which the U.S. undertook in the 1930s to end the Great Depression.

The bailouts of financial institutions and stimulus packages caused the government debt ratios of the United States, United Kingdom, and Japan in particular to rise sharply. The UK's government debt ratio almost doubled due to the bailouts of Northern Rock and Royal Bank of Scotland. On the other hand, the increases in government debt in the Eurozone were more measured, due to the comparative absence of stimulus spending in these countries. They would later be hit hard during the Eurozone crisis of the 2010s, when bank lending to the periphery of the Eurozone (Portugal, Spain, Ireland and Greece in particular) would trigger a sovereign debt crisis. The Canadian government, led by a Conservative premier, engaged in some fiscal stimulus to support its economy, but these packages were small in comparison to that in most other of the G7 countries.

This table contains 13 series, with data for years 1867 - 31-MAR-08 not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2009-08-28. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 items: Canada ...), Government debt (13 items: Gross federal government debt;Marketable bonds;Treasury bills;Unmatured debt ...).

This table shows the evolution of the balance and debt of the government (also known as EMU balance or EMU debt) The Netherlands. This table gives the annual estimates of the government, broken down by contribution per subsector of the government. The government debt is specified by debt title: currency, short-term securities, bonds, short-term loans, long-term securities loans.

The government balance and public debt are within the European Union the key indicators for the health of public finances. In the Maastricht Treaty and the resulting growth and Stability pact stipulates that every six months Member States have the data on the balance and debt of their government must report to the The European Commission. It is stated that a deficit does not exceed 3 percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) and debt no more than 60 % of GDP. If the standards are exceeded and there are no particular circumstances behind this, The European Commission imposes sanctions. The figures are in line with the system of National Accounts.

Data available from: 1990 Frequency: discontinued

Status of the figures The figures since 1990 are final. The three most recent years have another (further) provisional character.

Changes as of 31 March 2011: Preliminary figures for 2010 are included. The EMU balance and debt table has been adjusted nationally. The way in which the contribution to the debt per subsector of the general government was calculated, it’s changed. This has been done to align with Eurostat’s methodology handles it. This reflects better the contribution per subsector to the public debt. This changes the amounts per subsector. The consolidated public debt does not change. In the case of consolidated debt, debts and receivables shall be counted between governments do not participate in the debt of the general government. For the subsectors of the general government, in this table, the contribution to the consolidated public debt is represented. The contribution of a subsector total government debt equals all debts of this subsector minus the claims on the other levels of government. As a result, the debt figures presented in this publication count the subsectors up to the debt of the general government as a whole. In the old calculation of the contribution per subsector, another is the starting point for consolidation is used. There was only the blame. non-public sectors contribute to the contribution of each subsector. As a result, for example, the debt contribution of the social insurance companies misappraised. In 2009 the debt contribution of the social insurance institutions by this method and that of the central government. Other years in reverse. This is because the borrowing social insurance institutions from the State. The Empire must do this. borrow money from other sectors. In the old set-up, this debt was this is the government’s debt contribution. In the new set-up as a debt contribution of the social insurance institutions. In addition to the method change for the debt contribution, the terms EMU balance are and -debt replaced by the terms government balance and debt.

When are new figures coming? Not applicable.

Graph and download economic data for General government gross debt for United Kingdom (GGGDTAGBA188N) from 1980 to 2024 about United Kingdom, gross, debt, and government.

Government Debt in Albania increased to 1387140 ALL Million in the first quarter of 2025 from 1331395 ALL Million in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Albania Central Government Debt Stock - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.