Government debt in the United Kingdom reached over 2.8 trillion British pounds in 2024/25, compared with 2.69 trillion pounds in the previous financial year. Although debt has been increasing throughout this period, there is a noticeable jump between 2019/20, and 2020/21, when debt increased from 1.82 trillion pounds, to 2.15 trillion. The UK's government debt was the equivalent of 95.8 percent of GDP in 2024/25, and is expected to increase slightly in coming years, and not start falling until the end of this decade. Public finances in a tight spot With government debt approaching 100 percent of GDP, the UK finds itself in a tricky fiscal situation. If the UK can't reduce it's spending, or increase its revenue, the government will have to continue borrowing large amounts, increasing the debt further. Adding to the problem, is the fact that financing this debt has got steadily more expensive recently, with the government currently spending more on debt interest than it does on defence, transport, and public order and safety. Can the UK grow out its debt? After the Second World War, when the national debt reached over 250 percent of GDP, the UK managed to reduce its debt-to-GDP ratio, due to the economy growing faster than its debt over a long period of time. This is certainly the hope of the current Labour government, who are seeking to avoid significant tax and spending adjustments by strengthening the economy. Overdue investments in infrastructure and increased capital spending may eventually achieve this goal, but the government's declining popularity suggests they may not be in power by the time these policies might eventually bear fruit.

In September 2023, the national debt of the United States had risen up to 33.17 trillion U.S. dollars. The national debt per capita had risen to 85,552 U.S. dollars in 2021. As represented by the statistic above, the public debt of the United States has been continuously rising.

U.S. public debt Public debt, also known as national and governmental debt, is the debt owed by a nations’ central government. In the case of the U.S., national debt is owed by the federal government to Treasury security holders. Generally speaking, government debt increases with government spending, and can be decreased through taxes. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the U.S. government increased spending significantly to finance virus infrastructure, aid, and various forms of economic relief.

International public debt

Venezuela leads the global ranking of the 20 countries with the highest public debt in 2021. In relation to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Venezuela's public debt amounted to around 306.95 percent of GDP. Eritrea was ranked fifth, with an estimated debt of 170 percent of the Gross Domestic Product.

The national debt of the United Kingdom is forecasted to grow from 87 percent in 2022 to 70 percent in 2027, in relation to the Gross Domestic Product. These figures include England, Wales, Scotland as well as Northern Ireland.

Greece had the highest national debt among EU countries as of the 4th quarter of 2020 in relation to the Gross Domestic Product. Germany ranked 13th in the EU, with its national debt amounting to 69 percent of GDP in the same time period.

Tuvalu was one of the 20 countries with the lowest national debt in 2021 in relation to the GDP, while Macao had an estimated level of national debt of zero percent, the lowest of any country. The data refer to the debts of the entire state, including the central government, the provinces, municipalities, local authorities and social insurance.

The statistic shows the national debt of the United States from 2020 to 2024, with projections up until 2030. The amount of the debt of the United States amounted to around 35.25 trillion U.S. dollars in 2024. National debt of the United States National debt in the United States is a topic of much debate and controversy, primarily due to large amounts of unnecessary spending. Despite the fact that the United States had the highest gross domestic product (GDP) in the world in 2016, along with being one of the most developed powerhouses in the world, the country suffers in many economical aspects. When analyzing the country’s imports and exports, the United States has recorded a trade deficit for more than a decade as of 2015, meaning that its imports exceeded its exports every year. However, despite being significantly affected by the world economic crisis in 2008, the country’s trade balance noticeably improved in 2009, almost halving the country’s total trade deficit. An economical aspect that did not improve during the world economic crisis was the country’s unemployment rate. The number of unemployed in the United States increased greatly in 2009 and continued to rise in 2010, however finally stabilized in the following years and has since declined yearly. When considering the total population of the United States, which amounted to roughly 322 million in 2015, a large percentage of citizens, who are capable of work, have been left without a job for roughly 7 years.

The United States recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 124.30 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides - United States Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Summarizes the U.S. government's total outstanding debt at the end of each fiscal year from 1789 to the current year.

Key information about Vietnam National Government Debt

• Vietnam National Government Debt reached 142.9 USD bn in Dec 2023, compared with 137.2 USD bn in the previous year.
• Vietnam National Government Debt data is updated yearly, available from Dec 2010 to Dec 2023.
• The data reached an all-time high of 142.9 USD bn in Dec 2023 and a record low of 47.0 USD bn in Dec 2010.

The Ministry of Finance provides annual Government Debt in USD. Government Debt covers Central Government only.


Related information about Vietnam National Government Debt

• In the latest reports, Vietnam Consolidated Fiscal Balance recorded a deficit equal to 5.1 % of its Nominal GDP in Dec 2022.
• The country's Government debt accounted for 33.5 % of its Nominal GDP in Dec 2023.
• Vietnam Nominal GDP reached 362.6 USD bn in Dec 2021.

This table shows the evolution of the balance and debt of the government (also known as EMU balance or EMU debt) The Netherlands. This table gives the annual estimates of the government, broken down by contribution per subsector of the government. The government debt is specified by debt title: currency, short-term securities, bonds, short-term loans, long-term securities loans.

The government balance and public debt are within the European Union the key indicators for the health of public finances. In the Maastricht Treaty and the resulting growth and Stability pact stipulates that every six months Member States have the data on the balance and debt of their government must report to the The European Commission. It is stated that a deficit does not exceed 3 percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) and debt no more than 60 % of GDP. If the standards are exceeded and there are no particular circumstances behind this, The European Commission imposes sanctions. The figures are in line with the system of National Accounts.

Data available from: 1990 Frequency: discontinued

Status of the figures The figures since 1990 are final. The three most recent years have another (further) provisional character.

Changes as of 31 March 2011: Preliminary figures for 2010 are included. The EMU balance and debt table has been adjusted nationally. The way in which the contribution to the debt per subsector of the general government was calculated, it’s changed. This has been done to align with Eurostat’s methodology handles it. This reflects better the contribution per subsector to the public debt. This changes the amounts per subsector. The consolidated public debt does not change. In the case of consolidated debt, debts and receivables shall be counted between governments do not participate in the debt of the general government. For the subsectors of the general government, in this table, the contribution to the consolidated public debt is represented. The contribution of a subsector total government debt equals all debts of this subsector minus the claims on the other levels of government. As a result, the debt figures presented in this publication count the subsectors up to the debt of the general government as a whole. In the old calculation of the contribution per subsector, another is the starting point for consolidation is used. There was only the blame. non-public sectors contribute to the contribution of each subsector. As a result, for example, the debt contribution of the social insurance companies misappraised. In 2009 the debt contribution of the social insurance institutions by this method and that of the central government. Other years in reverse. This is because the borrowing social insurance institutions from the State. The Empire must do this. borrow money from other sectors. In the old set-up, this debt was this is the government’s debt contribution. In the new set-up as a debt contribution of the social insurance institutions. In addition to the method change for the debt contribution, the terms EMU balance are and -debt replaced by the terms government balance and debt.

When are new figures coming? Not applicable.

Graph and download economic data for Federal Debt: Total Public Debt (GFDEBTN) from Q1 1966 to Q1 2025 about public, debt, federal, government, and USA.

The United Kingdom recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 95.90 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides - United Kingdom Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Government Debt in Dominican Republic decreased to 71525.42 USD Million in December from 71561.53 USD Million in November of 2024. This dataset provides - Dominican Republic Government Debt- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Germany recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 62.50 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Germany Government Debt to GDP - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

The graph shows national debt in China related to gross domestic product until 2024, with forecasts to 2030. In 2024, gross national debt ranged at around 88 percent of the national gross domestic product. The debt-to-GDP ratio In economics, the ratio between a country's government debt and its gross domestic product (GDP) is generally defined as the debt-to-GDP ratio. It is a useful indicator for investors to measure a country's ability to fulfill future payments on its debts. A low debt-to-GDP ratio also suggests that an economy produces and sells a sufficient amount of goods and services to pay back those debts. Among the important industrial and emerging countries, Japan displayed one of the highest debt-to-GDP ratios. In 2024, the estimated national debt of Japan amounted to about 250 percent of its GDP, up from around 180 percent in 2004. One reason behind Japan's high debt load lies in its low annual GDP growth rate. Development in China China's national debt related to GDP grew slowly but steadily from around 23 percent in 2000 to 34 percent in 2012, only disrupted by the global financial crisis in 2008. In recent years, China increased credit financing to spur economic growth, resulting in higher levels of debt. China's real estate crisis and a difficult global economic environment require further stimulating measures by the government and will predictably lead to even higher debt growth in the years ahead.

Global public debt increased steadily since 2010, almost doubling from 2010 to 2023. Global public debt in the United States alone stood at ** trillion dollars. The rising global public debt is driven by increasing inflation and slowing economic growth.

Key information about Spain National Government Debt

• Spain National Government Debt reached 1,823.5 USD bn in Sep 2024, compared with 1,741.7 USD bn in the previous quarter.
• Spain National Government Debt data is updated quarterly, available from Dec 1990 to Sep 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 1,823.5 USD bn in Sep 2024 and a record low of 207.1 USD bn in Jun 1991.

CEIC converts quarterly Government Debt into USD. Banco de España provides Government Debt in EUR based on ESA 2010. The Federal Reserve Board period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. Government Debt prior to Q1 1994 is based on ESA 1995.


Related information about Spain National Government Debt

• In the latest reports, Spain Consolidated Fiscal Balance recorded a deficit equal to 3.3 % of its Nominal GDP in Jun 2024.
• The country's Government debt accounted for 104.4 % of its Nominal GDP in Sep 2024.
• Spain Nominal GDP reached 378.4 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Key information about Spain Government Debt: % of GDP

• Spain Government debt accounted for 104.3 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Sep 2024, compared with the ratio of 105.3 % in the previous quarter.
• Spain government debt to GDP ratio data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 1995 to Sep 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 124.2 % in Mar 2021 and a record low of 34.9 % in Mar 2008.

Banco de España provides quarterly Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP based on ESA 2010.


Related information about Spain Government Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Spain National Government Debt reached 1,823.5 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 378.4 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Key information about Ukraine Government Debt: % of GDP

• Ukraine Government debt accounted for 79.4 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Dec 2023, compared with the ratio of 72.8 % in the previous quarter.
• Ukraine government debt to GDP ratio data is updated quarterly, available from Dec 2010 to Dec 2023.
• The data reached an all-time high of 79.4 % in Dec 2023 and a record low of 27.3 % in Jun 2012.

CEIC calculates quarterly Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP from monthly Government Debt and rolling sum of quarterly Nominal GDP. The Ministry of Finance of Ukraine provides Government Debt in local currency. The State Statistics Service of Ukraine provides Nominal GDP in local currency. Government Debt covers Central Government only.


Related information about Ukraine Government Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Ukraine National Government Debt reached 135.2 USD bn in Feb 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 44.4 USD bn in Dec 2022.

Government Debt in Canada increased to 1223.62 CAD Billion in 2024 from 1173.01 CAD Billion in 2023. This dataset provides - Canada Government Debt- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Key information about Nigeria Government Debt: % of GDP

• Nigeria Government debt accounted for 53.8 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Sep 2024, compared with the ratio of 52.8 % in the previous quarter.
• Nigeria government debt to GDP ratio data is updated quarterly, available from Dec 2010 to Sep 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 53.8 % in Sep 2024 and a record low of 9.6 % in Dec 2010.

CEIC calculates quarterly Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Government Debt and rolling sum of quarterly Nominal GDP. Government Debt is calculated as a sum of Domestic and External Government Debt. The Debt Management Office provides Government Debt in USD and local currency. The National Bureau of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency. The Central Bank of Nigeria period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. Nominal GDP at basic prices is used.


Related information about Nigeria Government Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Nigeria National Government Debt reached 86.3 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 111.3 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Portugal recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 94.90 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides - Portugal Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Nicaragua NI: Gross Public Debt: General Government: Debt Securities data was reported at 75,086.564 NIO mn in Jun 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 74,194.299 NIO mn for Mar 2018. Nicaragua NI: Gross Public Debt: General Government: Debt Securities data is updated quarterly, averaging 57,981.875 NIO mn from Mar 2010 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 34 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 75,122.021 NIO mn in Jun 2017 and a record low of 53,488.978 NIO mn in Mar 2010. Nicaragua NI: Gross Public Debt: General Government: Debt Securities data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Nicaragua – Table NI.World Bank.QPSD: Gross Public Debt: General Government.