The national debt of Nepal amounted to about ************* U.S. dollars in 2024. Between 2000 and 2024, the national debt rose by approximately ************* U.S. dollars, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend. The national debt will steadily rise by around ************* U.S. dollars over the period from 2024 to 2030, reflecting a clear upward trend.

Nepal recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 42.60 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides - Nepal Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In 2024, the ratio of national debt to gross domestic product (GDP) of Nepal stood at about 47.87 percent. Between 2000 and 2024, the figure dropped by approximately 2.92 percentage points, though the decline followed an uneven course rather than a steady trajectory. From 2024 to 2030, the ratio will rise by around 0.82 percentage points, showing an overall upward trend with periodic ups and downs.The general government gross debt consists of all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest and/or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future. Here it is depicted in relation to the country's GDP, which refers to the total value of goods and services produced during a year.

Key information about Nepal Government Debt: % of GDP

• Nepal Government debt accounted for 39.9 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Jul 2021, compared with the ratio of 36.8 % in the previous year.
• Nepal government debt to GDP ratio data is updated yearly, available from Jul 1990 to Jul 2021.
• The data reached an all-time high of 66.5 % in Jul 1994 and a record low of 12.8 % in Jul 2018.

CEIC calculates Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP from annual Government Debt and annual Nominal GDP. Government Debt is calculated as the sum of Domestic and External Government Debt. Nepal Rastra Bank provides Government Debt in local currency. The Central Bureau of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency, at producer prices, based on SNA 2008. Government Debt covers Central Government only. Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP is in annual frequency, generally ending on July 15th of each year. Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP prior to 2011 is calculated from Nominal GDP, based on SNA 1993. Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP prior to 2001 is sourced from the World Bank.


Related information about Nepal Government Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Nepal National Government Debt reached 14.5 USD bn in Jul 2021.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 40.8 USD bn in Jul 2022.

Nepal Government Debt: External data was reported at 934,695.200 NPR mn in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 819,667.100 NPR mn for 2020. Nepal Government Debt: External data is updated yearly, averaging 256,243.300 NPR mn from Jul 1999 (Median) to 2021, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 934,695.200 NPR mn in 2021 and a record low of 52,535.120 NPR mn in 2018. Nepal Government Debt: External data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Finance. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Nepal – Table NP.F010: Government Debt .

Graph and download economic data for Central government debt, total (% of GDP) for Nepal (DEBTTLNPA188A) from 1990 to 2021 about Nepal, debt, government, and GDP.

Nepal Government Debt: Total data was reported at 1,735,015.267 NPR mn in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,432,879.000 NPR mn for 2020. Nepal Government Debt: Total data is updated yearly, averaging 399,103.020 NPR mn from Jul 1999 (Median) to 2021, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,735,015.267 NPR mn in 2021 and a record low of 219,135.600 NPR mn in 1999. Nepal Government Debt: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Nepal – Table NP.F010: Government Debt .

Graph and download economic data for Fiscal Situation of General Government: Gross Debt Position for Nepal (NPLGGXWDGG01GDPPT) from 2016 to 2024 about Nepal, debt, gross, and government.

Nepal NP: External Debt: INT: Interest Payments: Public and Publicly Guaranteed data was reported at 35.343 USD mn in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 32.390 USD mn for 2015. Nepal NP: External Debt: INT: Interest Payments: Public and Publicly Guaranteed data is updated yearly, averaging 25.917 USD mn from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2016, with 47 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 35.778 USD mn in 2013 and a record low of 0.101 USD mn in 1971. Nepal NP: External Debt: INT: Interest Payments: Public and Publicly Guaranteed data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Nepal – Table NP.World Bank: External Debt: Disbursements and Interest Payment. Public and publicly guaranteed long-term debt are aggregated. Public debt is an external obligation of a public debtor, including the national government, a political subdivision (or an agency of either), and autonomous public bodies. Publicly guaranteed debt is an external obligation of a private debtor that is guaranteed for repayment by a public entity. Interest payments are actual amounts of interest paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; World Bank, International Debt Statistics.; Sum;

Nepal: External debt, percent of Gross National Income: The latest value from 2023 is 24.09 percent, an increase from 22.17 percent in 2022. In comparison, the world average is 54.39 percent, based on data from 112 countries. Historically, the average for Nepal from 1970 to 2023 is 27.31 percent. The minimum value, 0.44 percent, was reached in 1970 while the maximum of 60.01 percent was recorded in 1999.

This bar chart displays central government debt (% of GDP) by continent using the aggregation average, weighted by gdp in Nepal. The data is about countries per year.

Nepal NP: Gross Public Debt: USD: Financial Public Corporations: Long Term: Over 1 Year: SDRs data was reported at 292.141 USD mn in Sep 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 289.938 USD mn for Jun 2024. Nepal NP: Gross Public Debt: USD: Financial Public Corporations: Long Term: Over 1 Year: SDRs data is updated quarterly, averaging 288.202 USD mn from Sep 2019 (Median) to Sep 2024, with 21 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 364.720 USD mn in Mar 2022 and a record low of 89.655 USD mn in Sep 2019. Nepal NP: Gross Public Debt: USD: Financial Public Corporations: Long Term: Over 1 Year: SDRs data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Nepal – Table NP.World Bank.QPSD: Gross Public Debt: Financial Public Corporations.

Gross Ext. Debt Pos., General Government, Long-term, Loans, USD in Nepal was reported at 9637458001 USD in 2024, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Nepal - Gross Ext. Debt Pos., General Government, Long-term, Loans, USD - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on September of 2025.

Nepal Government Debt: External: Indirect data was reported at 0.000 NPR mn in 2016. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 NPR mn for 2015. Nepal Government Debt: External: Indirect data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 NPR mn from Jul 1999 (Median) to 2016, with 18 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8.100 NPR mn in 1999 and a record low of 0.000 NPR mn in 2016. Nepal Government Debt: External: Indirect data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Finance. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Nepal – Table NP.F005: Government Debt .

External debt stocks, long-term (DOD, current US$) in Nepal was reported at 8817681854 USD in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Nepal - External debt stocks, long-term (DOD, current US$) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on September of 2025.

Key information about Nepal External Debt: % of GDP

• Nepal External Debt accounted for 17.3 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2016, compared with the ratio of 16.1 % in the previous year.
• Nepal External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Jul 2001 to Jul 2016.
• The data reached an all-time high of 47.9 % in Jul 2002 and a record low of 16.1 % in Jul 2015.

CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from annual External Debt and annual Nominal GDP. The Ministry of Finance provides External Debt in local currency. The Central Bureau of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency, at producer prices. External Debt covers Government Debt only. External Debt as % of Nominal GDP is in annual frequency, generally ending on July 15th of each year.


Related information about Nepal External Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports of Nepal, Current Account recorded a deficit of 170.0 USD mn in Apr 2023.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 14.2 USD mn in Apr 2023.
• The country's External Debt reached 9,130.2 in Dec 2022.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 40.8 USD bn in Jul 2022.

Key information about Nepal External Debt

• Nepal External Debt reached 10.5 USD bn in Sep 2024, compared with 10.1 USD bn in the previous quarter.
• Nepal External Debt: USD mn data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 2012 to Sep 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 10.5 USD bn in Sep 2024 and a record low of 3.5 USD bn in Mar 2013.

The World Bank provides quarterly External Debt in USD.


Related information about Nepal External Debt

• In the latest reports of Nepal, Current Account recorded a surplus of 833.9 USD mn in Oct 2024.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 15.9 USD mn in Oct 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 40.8 USD bn in Jul 2022.

Nepal NP: Central Government Debt: Total: % of GDP data was reported at 33.863 % in 2010. This records a decrease from the previous number of 43.800 % for 2008. Nepal NP: Central Government Debt: Total: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 62.123 % from Jul 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 66.541 % in 1994 and a record low of 33.863 % in 2010. Nepal NP: Central Government Debt: Total: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Nepal – Table NP.World Bank.WDI: Government Revenue, Expenditure and Finance. Debt is the entire stock of direct government fixed-term contractual obligations to others outstanding on a particular date. It includes domestic and foreign liabilities such as currency and money deposits, securities other than shares, and loans. It is the gross amount of government liabilities reduced by the amount of equity and financial derivatives held by the government. Because debt is a stock rather than a flow, it is measured as of a given date, usually the last day of the fiscal year.; ; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.; Weighted average;

Nepal NP: Central Government Debt: Total data was reported at 403,903.349 NPR mn in 2010. This records an increase from the previous number of 357,258.100 NPR mn for 2008. Nepal NP: Central Government Debt: Total data is updated yearly, averaging 232,092.000 NPR mn from Jul 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 403,903.349 NPR mn in 2010 and a record low of 54,418.100 NPR mn in 1990. Nepal NP: Central Government Debt: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Nepal – Table NP.World Bank.WDI: Government Revenue, Expenditure and Finance. Debt is the entire stock of direct government fixed-term contractual obligations to others outstanding on a particular date. It includes domestic and foreign liabilities such as currency and money deposits, securities other than shares, and loans. It is the gross amount of government liabilities reduced by the amount of equity and financial derivatives held by the government. Because debt is a stock rather than a flow, it is measured as of a given date, usually the last day of the fiscal year.; ; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; ;