A survey conducted in 2022 among legal services users in the United Kingdom revelead that many clients were wary of using legal services delivered through artifical intelligence. The main barrier to the use of this technology among legal services users appeared to be a lack of trust in artificial intelligence technology. Other barriers indicated by respondents included concerns over data security as well as a lack of confidence in using the technology. On the other hand, many consumers recognised that AI technology has become more user-friendly in comparison to 2020.

Gender pay gap legislation introduced in April 2017 requires all employers of 250 or more employees to publish their gender pay gap data annually. The gender pay gap is the difference between the average earnings of men and women, expressed relative to men’s earnings.

You can also:

• https://gender-pay-gap.service.gov.uk/Employer/4uqEb2xp?_ga=2.27658492.1946053525.1607939901-1839648518.1580292073&_gac=1.55401689.1605710171.CPbR38KojO0CFUG4GwodxGkOQQ" class="govuk-link">explore this data on a dashboard
• https://data.gov.uk/dataset/54219db1-dd98-49d9-a383-a5978bb0aeb9/gender-pay-gap" class="govuk-link">export all national gender pay gap data

This dataset contains Axivity AX3 wrist-worn activity tracker data that were collected from 151 participants in 2014-2016 around the Oxfordshire area. Participants were asked to wear the device in daily living for a period of roughly 24 hours, amounting to a total of almost 4,000 hours. Vicon Autograph wearable cameras and Whitehall II sleep diaries were used to obtain the ground truth activities performed during the period (e.g. sitting watching TV, walking the dog, washing dishes, sleeping), resulting in more than 2,500 hours of labelled data. Accompanying code to analyse this data is available at https://github.com/activityMonitoring/capture24. The following papers describe the data collection protocol in full: i.) Gershuny J, Harms T, Doherty A, Thomas E, Milton K, Kelly P, Foster C (2020) Testing self-report time-use diaries against objective instruments in real time. Sociological Methodology doi: 10.1177/0081175019884591; ii.) Willetts M, Hollowell S, Aslett L, Holmes C, Doherty A. (2018) Statistical machine learning of sleep and physical activity phenotypes from sensor data in 96,220 UK Biobank participants. Scientific Reports. 8(1):7961. Regarding Data Protection, the Clinical Data Set will not include any direct subject identifiers. However, it is possible that the Data Set may contain certain information that could be used in combination with other information to identify a specific individual, such as a combination of activities specific to that individual ("Personal Data"). Accordingly, in the conduct of the Analysis, users will comply with all applicable laws and regulations relating to information privacy. Further, the user agrees to preserve the confidentiality of, and not attempt to identify, individuals in the Data Set.

What human and financial capital inputs are needed to sustain and scale-up a legal innovation (‘LawTech’) ecosystem in Britain? How do networks within the sector foster and sustain the diffusion of innovation? We present a database of 20 interviews with 15 lawtech firm founders and 5 venture capitalists who invest in lawtech firms to address these questions and help inform evidence-based public policy. The data collection consists of 20 semi-structured interviews with founders (15) of lawtech start-up firms and venture capitalists (5) who invest in these firms. The interviewees were based in England and the interviews were conducted in 2020. The interviews explored the human and financial capital inputs needed to sustain and scale-up a legal innovation (‘LawTech’) ecosystem in Britain, and how networks within the sector foster and sustain the diffusion of innovation.

The proposed research will explore the potential and limitations of using artificial intelligence (AI) in support of legal services. AI's capabilities have made enormous recent leaps; many expect it to transform how the economy operates. In particular, activities relying on human knowledge to create value, insulated until now from mechanisation, are facing dramatic change. Amongst these are professional services, such as law.

Like other professions, legal services contribute to the economy both through revenues of service providers and through benefits provided to clients. For large business clients, who can choose which legal regime will govern their affairs, UK legal services are an export good. For small businesses and citizens, working within the domestic legal system, UK legal services affect costs directly. Yet unlike other professions, the legal system has a dual role in society. Beyond the law's role in governing economic order, the legal system is more fundamentally a structure for social order. It sets out rules agreed on by society, and also the limits of politicians' ability to enact these rules.

Consequently, the stakes for AI's implementation in UK legal services are high. If mishandled, it could threaten both economic success and governance more generally. Yet if executed effectively, it is an opportunity to improve legal services not only for export but also for citizens and domestic small businesses. Our research seeks to identify how constraints on the implementation of AI in legal services can be relaxed to unlock its potential for good.

One major challenge is the need for 'complementary' adjustments. Adopting a disruptive new technology like AI requires changes in skills, training, and working practices, without which the productivity gains will be muted. We will investigate training and educational needs for lawyers' engagement with technology and programmers' engagement with law. With private sector partners, we will develop education and training packages that respond to these needs for delivery by both universities and private-sector firms. We will investigate emerging business models deploying AI in law, and identify best practice in governance and strategy. Finally, we will compare skills training and technology transfer in the UK with countries such as the US, Hong Kong and Singapore, and ask what UK policymakers can learn from these competitors. To the extent that these issues are also faced by other high-value professional services, these parts of our results will also have relevance for them.

However, the dual role of the legal system poses unique challenges that justify a research package focusing primarily on this sector. There are constitutional limits to how far law's operation can be adjusted for economic reasons: we term this second constraint 'legitimacy'. We will map how automation in dispute resolution might trigger constitutional legal challenges, how these challenges relate to types of dispute resolution technology and types of claim, and use the resulting matrix to identify opportunities for maximum benefit from automation in dispute resolution.

A third constraint is the limits of technological possibility. AI systems rely on machine learning, which reaches answers by identifying patterns in very large amounts of data. Its limitations are the size of the datasets needed, and its inability to provide an explanation for how the answer was reached. This poses particular difficulties for law, where many applications require or benefit from reasons being given. We will explore the possibility for frontier AI technologies to deliver legal reasoning.

The research will involve a mix of disciplinary inputs, reflecting the multi-faceted nature of the problem: Law, Computer Science, Economics, Education, Management and Political Economy. Working closely with private-sector partners will ensure our research benefits from insights into, and testing against, real requirements.

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SOC-as-a-Service Market Size 2024-2028

The SOC-as-a-Service market size of the market is forecast to increase by USD 3.95 billion at a CAGR of 13.64% between 2023 and 2028. The market's upward trajectory is influenced by multiple factors, notably the proliferation of bring-your-own-device (BYOD) and WFH (Work From Home) models, reflecting a broader shift towards remote and flexible work arrangements. This transition underscores the growing need for robust cybersecurity measures to mitigate the escalating cyber risks and threats accompanying the expanding digital landscape. Furthermore, the rising demand for Internet of Things (IoT)-managed services amplifies market growth, as businesses seek efficient solutions to manage and secure interconnected devices. As organizations prioritize agility and connectivity in their operations, the market responds by offeWFH (Work From Home)ring innovative IoT solutions and services tailored to meet evolving business requirements, driving continuous expansion and advancement in the cybersecurity landscape.

What will be the Size of the Market During the Forecast Period?

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Market Dynamics and Customer Landscape

In today's technology-driven world, the Socas a Service (SocaaS) market has gained significant importance due to the increasing cyber risks and vulnerabilities. Schools and businesses alike are adopting advanced cybersecurity methodologies and activities to mitigate these risks. SocaaS providers offer countermeasures against cyber threats, including social engineering attacks and security breaches, through AI-powered technologies. Advancements in technology have led to the proliferation of remote work arrangements, cloud-based video conferencing, and entertainment platforms. However, these solutions often come with security oversights and data management challenges. SocaaS providers help businesses navigate these complexities by offering access controls, contracts, and business continuity plans. Despite the struggles with financial constraints, cybersecurity remains a top priority for organizations. SocaaS solutions provide cost-effective alternatives to traditional cybersecurity measures, making them an attractive option for businesses and schools. With the ongoing advancements in AI and cloud-based technologies, the market is poised for continued growth in the coming years.

Key Market Driver

The rising bring-your-own-device and work-from-home model is one of the major factors driving the market growth. The Soc as a Service (Security Operations Center) market is experiencing substantial growth due to the increasing compliance requirements in the present work environment. With the rise of trends like Choose-Your-Own-Device (CYOD) and remote working, employees are using their personal devices for work, which often fall outside the company's network and security expertise.

Moreover, this shift towards digitization and technological developments has led enterprises to establish policies to maintain data security. Soc as a Service providers offer advanced security solutions to help organizations meet these compliance requirements and protect their sensitive information. Therefore, digitization and technological developments have ushered in new trends which will drive the market growth during the forecast period.

Significant Market Trend

Rising data protection regulations and directives for cybercrime are the major factors driving the market growth. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, organizations worldwide have come to recognize the dire consequences of cybercrime as they transition to remote work with minimal security infrastructures. To adhere to current data protection regulations, there is a growing demand for Security Operations Centers (SOC) as a service.

Moreover, compliance with these requirements is essential to mitigate risks and address escalating concerns regarding data privacy. Governments, particularly in developing countries like China and India, are investing heavily in upgrading their IT environments. Failure to comply with these regulations can result in substantial fines imposed by the government. Such activities are anticipated to boost the growth of SOC-as-a-Service during the forecast period.

Major Market Challenge

One of the major challenges impeding market growth is the limited trust in SOC-as-a-Service Companies. The market growth is being hindered by businesses' reluctance to relinquish control of their network infrastructure to external providers. The potential risks of system failures and the associated costs, including compliance requirements, service quality, upper-level management, and data security, add to the uncertainty.

Further, companies in the SOC as a Service market face challenges in managing the increasing complexity of network infrastructures. Integration issues arise when new security products are added, le

The aim is to identify and describe how employers are restructuring work and human resource practices under conditions of persistent environmental turbulence. This climate of change in the workplace has been interpreted as the response of employers to environmental changes in competition, technology and regulation. In the 1980s and much of the 1990s, the dominant external pressure was the rapid increase in international trade and finance, and hence in competition. Salient responses by employers included rationalization, downsizing, de-layering and methods of work intensification and labour cost reduction. It is now widely perceived that this phase has been progressively replaced, since about 1995, by one in which the dominant external pressures (and opportunities) come from new technology (ICT). The scope for business innovation is widening in the wake of the Internet and e-commerce, and organisations are searching for the creative and technical talent, which will permit them to make the shift from cost-competition to knowledge-competition.
The regulatory environment has also changed over this period. In the 1980s and early 1990s, the British Government favoured deregulation (or where regulation was increased, as in the case of trade unions, this was to the advantage of employers); and there was strong opposition to the efforts of supranational authorities to regulate the workplace and the employment relationship. In the latter part of the 1990s, however, new regulation of these areas again became prominent, with the national minimum wage and the working time directive being the best-known but by no means the only examples. The re-emergence of regulation reflects the desire of European governments to maintain control of social and employment policy in the face of global competitive pressures and the growth of global businesses. The sample includes establishments with 5 or more employees. Six areas of employer policy have been identified that are likely to shape the workplaces of the future. The six areas of policy that have been chosen to investigate are: organisational and workforce restructuring, reshaping of physical workplaces, the monitoring, reward and control of employees, patterns of communication, working time and family-friendly practices. The research has also been designed to throw light on an overarching theme that unites many of these policy areas: flexibility.

Data Origin  These samples were taken from customer taps. They were then analysed for water quality, and the results were uploaded to a database. This dataset is an extract from this database.  Context Many UK water companies provide a search tool on their websites where you can search for water quality in your area by postcode. The results of the search may identify the water supply zone that supplies the postcode searched. Water supply zones are not linked to LSOAs which means the results may differ to this dataset Some sample results are influenced by internal plumbing and may not be representative of drinking water quality in the wider area. Some samples are tested on site and others are sent to scientific laboratories. Data TriageWe are sharing individual results, anonymised by mapping samples to LSOA (lower super output area).Data Specifications Each dataset will cover a calendar year of samples.This dataset will be published annually.The Determinands included in the dataset are as per the list that is required to be reported to the Drinking Water Inspectorate. Further ReadingBelow is a curated selection of links for additional reading, which provide a deeper understanding of this dataset.   Drinking Water Inspectorate Standards and Regulations: https://www.dwi.gov.uk/drinking-water-standards-and-regulations/   LSOA (England and Wales) and Data Zone (Scotland): https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/files/geography/2011-census/geography-bckground-info-comparison-of-thresholds.pdf   Description for LSOA boundaries by the ONS: Census 2021 geographies - Office for National Statistics (ons.gov.uk) Postcode to LSOA lookup tables:  https://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/datasets/postcode-to-2021-census-output-area-to-lower-layer-super-output-area-to-middle-layer-super-output-area-to-local-authority-district-august-2023-lookup-in-the-uk/about Legislation history https://www.dwi.gov.uk/water-companies/legislation/

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Trade Surveillance Systems Market Size 2024-2028

The trade surveillance systems market size is forecast to increase by USD 1.77 billion at a CAGR of 26.81% between 2023 and 2028.

The market is witnessing significant growth due to the increasing demand for advanced 360-degree surveillance to detect and prevent criminal and fraudulent trading activities. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data analytics in trade surveillance systems is a key trend, enabling predictive monitoring and real-time alerting. Cloud computing is also driving market growth, offering cost savings and scalability. Furthermore, the adoption of video surveillance, data security, and algorithmic trading solutions is increasing, especially in the fintech and insurance sectors. Advanced technologies like facial recognition and natural language processing are enhancing the capabilities of trade surveillance systems, providing more accurate and efficient information services.
The software solutions are becoming more sophisticated, offering advanced features and customizable options. Overall, the market is expected to continue growing, driven by the need for effective trade surveillance and regulatory compliance.

What will be the Size of the Trade Surveillance Systems Market During the Forecast Period?

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The market encompasses software and solutions designed to monitor and detect manipulative trading practices in security markets. This market is driven by the increasing need for financial institutions, trading exchange firms, and high-frequency trading entities to mitigate risks and ensure compliance with regulatory requirements. Technical expertise and advanced AI technology play significant roles in the development of these systems, enabling real-time monitoring and analysis of trading activities across multiple assets. The market for trade surveillance systems is a dynamic and growing one, with a strong focus on cross-asset research, reporting & monitoring, risk & compliance, case management, and IT service providers.
Government regulators and consulting firms also contribute to the market's development by setting regulations and providing guidance on best practices. Manipulative trading practices, such as market manipulation and trade violence, continue to pose significant challenges to the financial industry. As a result, the demand for sophisticated trade surveillance systems that can effectively identify and respond to these threats is on the rise. Additionally, the integration of social media data and algorithmic trading techniques into these systems further enhances their capabilities, providing a more comprehensive view of market activities.

How is this Trade Surveillance Systems Industry segmented and which is the largest segment?

The trade surveillance systems industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

Component

  Solutions
  Services


Deployment

  On-premises
  Cloud-based


Geography

  Europe

    Germany
    UK
    France


  North America

    US
    Canada


  APAC

    India
    China
    Japan


  Middle East and Africa

    South Africa


  South America

By Component Insights

The solutions segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. The market is experiencing significant growth due to the increasing demand for advanced software solutions that enable the detection and prevention of manipulative trading practices, market manipulation, trade violence, financial crimes, fraud, and insider trading. This shift is driven by the popularity of SaaS-based solutions, which offer ease of use, low total cost of ownership, and integration with various trading techniques such as algorithmic trading and high-frequency trading. Key players in this market include Software AG, StreamSets, and SteelEye, among others. Compliance officers in financial service organizations, trading exchange firms, and government regulators are increasingly relying on trade surveillance systems to ensure adherence to regulations like Markets Abuse Regulation (MAR) and insider trading laws.

ML (Machine Learning) technology, voice surveillance, and behavioral patterning are some of the advanced features being integrated into these systems to enhance their capabilities. The solutions segment is expected to dominate the market due to its cost-effectiveness and ability to cater to the needs of both large enterprises and SMEs in various industries, particularly in developing regions like APAC, MEA, and South America.

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The Solutions segment was valued at USD 350.30 billion in 2018 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast perio