This data is a subset of the original National Geodetic Survey (NGS) data that includes only locations within Volusia County, FL.This data contains a set of geodetic control stations maintained by the National Geodetic Survey. Each geodetic control station in this dataset has either a precise Latitude/Longitude used for horizontal control or a precise Orthometric Height used for vertical control, or both.The National Geodetic Survey (NGS) serves as the Nation's depository for geodetic data. The NGS distributes geodetic data worldwide to a variety of users. These geodetic data include the final results of geodetic surveys, software programs to format, compute, verify, and adjust original survey observations or to convert values from one geodetic datum to another, and publications that describe how to obtain and use Geodetic Data products and services.Horizontal control stations (those with precise Latitude, Longitude) were established in accordance with FGDC publications "Standards and Specifications for Geodetic Accuracy Standards" and "Geometric Geodetic Accuracy Standards and Specifications for Using GPS Relative Positioning Techniques" The final Latitude, Longitude of these stations were determined by a least squares adjustments of the horizontal observations. Horizontal control station have Latitude, Longitudes displayed to 5 places and are identified by attribute POS_SRCE = 'ADJUSTED'Lesser quality Latitude, Longitudes may also be preset in the dataset. These are identified by a POS_SRCE attributes HD_HELD1, HD_HELD2, or SCALED. These lesser quality positions are described at: https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/ds_lookup.prl?Item=SCALEDVertical control stations (those with precise Orthometric Heights) were established in accordance with FGDC publications "Standards and Specifications for Geodetic Accuracy Standards" The final Orthometric Height of these stations were in most cases determined by a least squares adjustments of the vertical observations but in some cases may have been keyed from old survey documents. Vertical control stations have Orthometric Heights displayed to 2 or 3 places and are identified by attribute ELEV_SRCE of ADJUSTED, ADJ UNCH, POSTED,READJUST,N HEIGHT,RESET,COMPUTEDLesser quality Orthometric Heights may also be preset in the dataset. These are identified by a ELEV_SRCE attributes GPS_OBS, VERT_ANG, H_LEVEL, VERTCON, SCALED. These lesser quality orthometric heights are described at: https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/ds_lookup.prl?Item=SCALEDIMPORTANT - Control stations do not always have both precise Latitude, Longitude AND precise Orthometric Height. A horizontal control station may have a orthometric height associated with it which is of non geodetic quality. These types of heights are displayed to 0, 1, or 2 decimal places. Worst case being off by +/- 1 meter. LIKEWISE - A Vertical control station may have a Latitude, Longitude associated with it which is of non geodetic quality. These types of Latitude, Longitudes are displayed to 0, 1 or 2 decimal places. Worst case being off by +/- 180 meter. Refer to https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/ds_lookup.prl?Item=SCALED for a description of the various type of methods used in determining the Latitude, Longitude, and Orthometric Height.Attribute POS_CHECK and ELEV_CHECK indicate whether or not an observational check was made to the position and/or orthometric height. Care should be taken when using "No Check" coordinates.If attribute ELEV_SRCE = 'VERTCON' then the Orthometric Height was determined by applying NGS program VERTCON to an Old NGVD 29 height. In most areas VERTCON gives results to +/- 2 cm. See https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/TOOLS/Vertcon/vertcon.html for a more detailed explanation of VERTCON accuracy.Ellipsoid Heights are also present in the dataset. The ellipsoid heights consist of those determined using a precise geoid model, which are displayed to 2 decimal places and are considered good to +/- .005 meters, and those displayed to 1 decimal place and are considered only good to +/- .5 metersQuantitative_Attribute_Accuracy_Assessment:Attribute_Accuracy_Value: 95 percent confidence level for geodetic quality data.Attribute_Accuracy_Explanation:Geodetic Data are continuously being processed; their standards and specifications are being reviewed for next publication release. "Standards and Specifications for Geodetic Control Networks", 1984 and "Geometric Geodetic Accuracy Standards and Specifications for Using GPS Relative Positioning Techniques," FGCS (formally FGCC) publication version 5.0 1989, are most current published documents.Logical_Consistency_Report:FGCS sponsored testing in cooperation with equipment manufacturers and National Institutes of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20850Completeness_Report:This dataset DOES NOT include destroyed marks. All other non-publishable marks are NOT included. Non-publishable criteria is available at https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/craigs_lib.prl?HELP_NONPUB=1

This data contains a set of geodetic control stations maintained by the National Geodetic Survey in the state of Rhode Island. Each geodetic control station in this dataset has either a precise Latitude/Longitude used for horizontal control or a precise Orthometric Height used for vertical control, or both.

This dataset represents all geodetic control stations throughout the state of Rhode Island. The National Geodetic Survey (NGS) serves as the Nation's depository for geodetic data. The NGS distributes geodetic data worldwide to a variety of users. These geodetic data include the final results of geodetic surveys, software programs to format, compute, verify, and adjust original survey observations or to convert values from one geodetic datum to another, and publications that describe how to obtain and use Geodetic Data products and services.

This data contains a set of geodetic control stations maintained by the National Geodetic Survey. Each geodetic control station in this dataset has either a precise Latitude/Longitude used for horizontal control or a precise Orthometric Height used for vertical control, or both. The National Geodetic Survey (NGS) serves as the Nation's depository for geodetic data. The NGS distributes geodetic data worldwide to a variety of users. These geodetic data include the final results of geodetic surveys, software programs to format, compute, verify, and adjust original survey observations or to convert values from one geodetic datum to another, and publications that describe how to obtain and use Geodetic Data products and services.

This data contains a set of geodetic control stations maintained by the National Geodetic Survey. Each geodetic control station in this dataset has either a precise Latitude/Longitude used for horizontal control or a precise Orthometric Height used for vertical control, or both.

The National Geodetic Survey (NGS) serves as the Nation's depository for geodetic data. The NGS distributes geodetic data worldwide to a variety of users. These geodetic data include the final results of geodetic surveys, software programs to format, compute, verify, and adjust original survey observations or to convert values from one geodetic datum to another, and publications that describe how to obtain and use Geodetic Data products and services.

This map displays National Geodetic Survey (NGS) classifications of geodetic control stations for the Pennsylvania area with PennDOT county and municipal boundaries.NOAA Charting and Geodesy: https://www.noaa.gov/chartingNOAA Survey Map: https://noaa.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=190385f9aadb4cf1b0dd8759893032dbPennDOT GIS Hub: GIS Hub (arcgis.com)

Data created by the National Geodetic Survey are survey markers, also called survey marks, survey monuments, survey benchmarks or geodetic marks, placed to mark key survey points on the Earth's surface.

This dataset contains vertical benchmark data for the City and County of Denver. Monumentation for this dataset includes U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey (USCGS), National Geodetic Survey (NGS), and City and County of Denver (CCD) benchmarks. Elevations for bench marks are typically determined by standard differential leveling activity. NGS High-Accuracy Reference Network (HARN) points are portrayed in the ENG_SRVNGSHARN_P dataset.

This is a point data set representing monumented vertical geodetic survey control points (a.k.a. elevation benchmarks) established by the City of Boise. A benchmark is a physical marker, monument, or demarcation established by a surveyor for horizontal and/or vertical measurement control. This data set only contains benchmarks established by the City of Boise that are based on the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88); benchmarks established under other vertical datums are not included. The elevation values in this data set are based on the vertical control from the National Geodetic Survey (NGS), the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS), and some state owned vertical control. The horizontal location is obtained by Global Positioning System (GPS) data collection of the surveyed benchmark. Attribute data including elevation, is transcribed from surveying field books supplied by Boise City Public Works survey personnel.

Point geometry with attributes displaying geodetic control stations (benchmarks) in East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana.

The benchmark descriptions are grouped by United States Geological Survey (USGS) 15-minute quadrangles. Datums: North American Datum of 1927, National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929, Sea Level Datum of 1929. The documents were scanned to preserve the historic horizontal and vertical survey control data from USGS.Datasheets: https://kygeonet.ky.gov/ngs/usgs_datasheets/

Since the late 1950s, the USGS has maintained a long-term glacier mass-balance program at three North American glaciers. Measurements began on South Cascade Glacier, WA in 1958, expanding to Gulkana and Wolverine glaciers, AK in 1966, and later Sperry Glacier, MT in 2005. Additional measurements have been made on Lemon Creek Glacier, AK to compliment data collected by the Juneau Icefield Research Program (JIRP; Pelto and others, 2013). Direct field measurements of point glaciological data are combined with weather and geodetic data to estimate the seasonal and annual mass balance at each glacier in both a conventional and reference surface format (Cogley and others, 2011). The analysis framework (O'Neel, 2019; prior to v 3.0 van Beusekom and others, 2010) is identical at each glacier to enable cross-comparison between output time series. Vocabulary used follows Cogley and others (2011) Glossary of Glacier Mass Balance.

Geodetic Control Points dataset current as of 2007. Effingham Geodetic NGS Monuments - benchmarks downloaded from http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/datasheet.prl.

Images of National Coast & Geodetic Survey (now NOAA's National Geodetic Survey/NGS) tidal benchmarks which have been superseded by new markers or locations. Period of record is 1830-1984. Scanned under the Climate Database Modernization Program.

These data were collected by the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration National Geodetic Survey Remote Sensing Division using a Riegl Q680i-D system. The data includes topographic data in an LAS 1.2 format file classified as unclassified (1), ground (2), and water (9) in accordance with the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS) classification standards. This data set also includes lidar intensity values and encoded RGB image values.

This feature class is maintained to keep construction, mapping and all city services in and adjacent to the city on the same vertical datum. Thus minimizing mistakes or conflicts in construction or maintenance of the infrastructure of the city. This feature class represents the cities vertical control network which was started approximatley in 1971. The oringinal bench mark used to start the network was a NGS (Nationa Geodetic Survey) monument located in the northwest part of the city (Stapleton Airport/Peoria and Smith). Level loops and runs were added and extended as the city grew. Which also incorporated more NGS monuments. The datum used when the program started was NGVD (National Geodetic Vertical Datum) of 1929 . In June of 2006 the city converted from NGVD 1929 to NAVD (North American Vertical Datum) of 1988 using Corpscon 6.0.1 and the Geoid 2003. This network has been successful and should be maintained until a improved alternative can be utilized.

This map depicts the locations of survey monuments within and surrounding the City of Salinas, Monterey County, California. Included are National Geodetic Survey (NGS) and city maintained monuments datasets. See NGS website for additional details on NGS monuments. This is not a comprehensive dataset for all survey monuments within the city, additional sources of monuments may be present within the city. City maintained monuments may not be included in the NGS dataset. This service was created by a member of the GIS team in 2017.

NGS survey benchmarks for St. Johns County Florida NGS supports surveyors and others with high-accuracy Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data, ground control marks, models and tools, guidelines and tutorials.

Mountain glaciers are closely coupled to climate processes, ecosystems, and regional water resources. To enhance physical understanding of these connections, the USGS maintains a collection of glacier mass balance and climate data across the western United States and Alaska. In some cases, records of glacier mass balance extend back to the mid-1940s. These data have been incorporated from various sources, primarily original USGS studies, but also including work from the University of Alaska, and the Juneau Icefield Research Program (JIRP). The core of this collection is composed of mass balance data from the USGS Benchmark Glaciers. These five glaciers are Lemon Creek Glacier, AK (1953 -Present), South Cascade Glacier, WA (1958 - Present), Gulkana and Wolverine glaciers, AK (1966 - Present), and Sperry Glacier, MT (2005 - Present). Datasets from each benchmark glacier are composed of, at a minimum, point mass balances, glacier hypsometry, daily temperature and precipitation, geodetic mass balances, and glacier-wide mass balances. Data from other glaciers within this collection may be less complete, continuous, or representative as data from the benchmark glaciers. In these cases, we urge users to carefully inspect the associated metadata of each specific data release for further details.

To assess the current topography of the tidal marshes we conducted survey-grade elevation surveys at all sites between 2009 and 2013 using a Leica RX1200 Real Time Kinematic (RTK)Global Positioning System (GPS) rover (±1 cm horizontal, ±2 cm vertical accuracy; Leica Geosystems Inc., Norcross, GA; Figure 4). At sites with RTK network coverage (San Pablo, Petaluma, Pt. Mugu, and Newport), rover positions were received in real time from the Leica Smartnet system via a CDMA modem (www.lecia-geosystems.com). At sites without network coverage (Humboldt, Bolinas, Morro and Tijuana), rover positions were received in real time from a Leica GS10 antenna base station via radio link. When using the base station, we adjusted all elevation measurements using an OPUS correction (www.ngs.noaa.gov/OPUS). We used the WGS84 ellipsoid model for vertical and horizontal positioning. We verified rover accuracy and precision by measuring positions at local National Geodetic Survey (NGS) benchmarks and temporary benchmarks established at each site (Table 1). Average measured vertical errors at benchmarks were 1-2 cm throughout the study, comparable to the stated error of the GPS. At each site, we surveyed marsh surface elevation along transects oriented perpendicular to the major tidal sediment source, with a survey point taken every 12.5 m; 50 m separated transect lines. We used the Geoid09 model to calculate orthometric heights from ellipsoid values (m, NAVD88; North American Vertical Datum of 1988) and projected all points to NAD83 UTM zone 10 or zone 11 using Leica GeoOffice (Leica Geosystems Inc, Norcross, GA, v. 7.0.1).We synthesized the elevation survey data to create a digital elevation model (DEM) at each site in ArcGIS 10.2.1 Spatial Analyst (ESRI 2013; Redlands, CA) with exponential ordinary kriging methods (5 x 5 mcell size) after adjusting model parameters to minimize the root-mean-square error (RMS). We used elevation models as the baseline conditions for subsequent analyses in this study including tidal inundation patterns, SLR response modeling, and mapping of sites by specific elevation (flooding) zones.

To assess the current topography of the tidal marshes we conducted survey-grade elevation surveys at all sites between 2009 and 2013 using a Leica RX1200 Real Time Kinematic (RTK)Global Positioning System (GPS) rover (±1 cm horizontal, ±2 cm vertical accuracy; Leica Geosystems Inc., Norcross, GA; Figure 4). At sites with RTK network coverage (San Pablo, Petaluma, Pt. Mugu, and Newport), rover positions were received in real time from the Leica Smartnet system via a CDMA modem (www.lecia-geosystems.com). At sites without network coverage (Humboldt, Bolinas, Morro and Tijuana), rover positions were received in real time from a Leica GS10 antenna base station via radio link. When using the base station, we adjusted all elevation measurements using an OPUS correction (www.ngs.noaa.gov/OPUS). We used the WGS84 ellipsoid model for vertical and horizontal positioning. We verified rover accuracy and precision by measuring positions at local National Geodetic Survey (NGS) benchmarks and temporary benchmarks established at each site (Table 1). Average measured vertical errors at benchmarks were 1-2 cm throughout the study, comparable to the stated error of the GPS. At each site, we surveyed marsh surface elevation along transects oriented perpendicular to the major tidal sediment source, with a survey point taken every 12.5 m; 50 m separated transect lines. We used the Geoid09 model to calculate orthometric heights from ellipsoid values (m, NAVD88; North American Vertical Datum of 1988) and projected all points to NAD83 UTM zone 10 or zone 11 using Leica GeoOffice (Leica Geosystems Inc, Norcross, GA, v. 7.0.1).We synthesized the elevation survey data to create a digital elevation model (DEM) at each site in ArcGIS 10.2.1 Spatial Analyst (ESRI 2013; Redlands, CA) with exponential ordinary kriging methods (5 x 5 mcell size) after adjusting model parameters to minimize the root-mean-square error (RMS). We used elevation models as the baseline conditions for subsequent analyses in this study including tidal inundation patterns, SLR response modeling, and mapping of sites by specific elevation (flooding) zones.